si

See also: Appendix:Variations of "si"

Languages (110)

Akan • Albanian • Alemannic German • Asturian • Bahnar • Bambara • Bavarian • Belizean Creole • Catalan • Central Bikol • Central Franconian • Chamorro • Chavacano • Cimbrian • Cornish • Czech • Dalmatian • Danish • Dutch • Esperanto • Ewe • Fala • French • Friulian • Galician • Gothic • Guinea-Bissau Creole • Haitian Creole • Hanunoo • Iau • Ido • Indonesian • Interlingua • Italian • Jamaican Creole • Japanese • Japhug • Judeo-Tat • Kabuverdianu • Kankanaey • Khumi Chin • Koro (India) • Kosarek Yale • Kusaal • Ladin • Ladino • Latin • Latvian • Lolopo • Louisiana Creole • Lower Tanana • Luxembourgish • Macanese • Malay • Mandarin • Mauritian Creole • Middle Dutch • Middle English • Middle French • Middle High German • Middle Low German • Mòcheno • Mokilese • Molo • Nalca • Norman • North Frisian • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Old French • Old Galician-Portuguese • Old High German • Old Irish • Old Saxon • Old Spanish • Oromo • Pali • Papiamentu • Phrygian • Polish • Portuguese • Quapaw • Romagnol • Romani • Romanian • Romansh • Sassarese • Savi • Serbo-Croatian • Slovak • Slovene • Spanish • Sranan Tongo • Sumerian • Swahili • Tagalog • Ternate • Tok Pisin • Turkish • Vietnamese • Volapük • Waigali • Walloon • Welsh • Yoruba • Zhuang • Zou

Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Sinhalese, from Sinhalese සිංහල (siṁhala), itself borrowed from Sanskrit सिंहल (siṃhala).

Symbol

si

(international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Sinhalese.

English

This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes, then please add them!

Alternative forms

ti

Etymology

From Middle English si (“seventh degree or note of Guido of Arezzo's hexachordal scales”), Italian si in the solmization of Guido of Arezzo, from the initials of Latin Sāncte Iohannēs (“Saint John (the Baptist)”) in the lyrics of the scale-ascending hymn Ut queant laxis by Paulus Deacon; thus, also an initialism of Sāncte Iohannēs.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /siː/
Audio (US): (file)
Rhymes: -iː
Homophones: C, cee, sea, see

Noun

si (plural sis)

(music) A syllable used in solfège to represent the seventh note of a major scale.

Translations

seventh note of a major scale

Arabic: سِي m (sī)
Basque: si (eu)
Catalan: si (ca) m
Finnish: ti (fi), si (fi)
French: si (fr) m
Hungarian: ti (hu)
Indonesian: si (id)
Italian: si (it) m
Japanese: シ (ja) (shi)
Korean: 시 (ko) (si)
Macedonian: си (si)
Polish: si (pl)
Portuguese: si (pt) m
Russian: си (ru) n (si)
Spanish: si (es)
Vietnamese: si (vi)

Anagrams

'is, I's, IS, Is, i's, is, is-, is.

Akan

Verb

si (future bɛsi)

to descend
to happen
1. (prospective) to be impending
(usually with past tense or perfect aspect) to end
Sini no nsiiɛ. ― The movie hasn't ended yet.

Derived terms

si aboɔ
si fam
si kwan
si nneɛma
si so (“to be in one's prime”)

Albanian

Etymology

Varying reconstructions. Orel descends it from Proto-Albanian *tšei,^[1] Matzinger from Proto-Albanian *čī.^[2] Ultimately from instrumental Proto-Indo-European *kʷí-h₁. Compare Latin qui (“how, why”), Old English hwȳ, hwī (“why”). An interrogative and relative pronoun, especially in connection with a preposition.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [si]
Audio: (file)

Adverb

si

how; in what way; in what state
Si janë shokët e tu? ― How are your friends?
like, as
Si e dini, nuk kemi filluar ende. ― As you know, we've not yet begun.

Derived terms

References

^ Orel, Vladimir (1998), “si”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 395
^ Schumacher, Stefan; Matzinger, Joachim (2013), Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 225

Alemannic German

Etymology 1

From Old High German siu, from Proto-Germanic *sī. Cognate with German sie (“she; it”), Gothic 𐍃𐌹 (si), Old English sēo.

Pronoun

si f

she
it (for referents of the feminine grammatical gender)

Declension

Alemannic German personal pronouns
			nominative	accusative	dative	possessive m
singular	1st person		ich, i	mich, mi	mir, mier, mer	min, miin
	2nd person	familiar	du	dich, di	dir, dier, der	din, diin
	2nd person	polite	Si		Ine, Ene, -ne	Ire
	3rd person	m	er	in, en	im	sin, siin
		f	si		ire
		n	es, 's, -s		im	sin, siin
plural	1st person		mir, mer	üs, öis, ois, eus		üse, öise, oise, euse
	2nd person		ir, ier	öi, eu		öie, eure
	3rd person		si		ine, ene, -ne	ire

Etymology 2

From Old High German sie m pl, sio f pl, siu n pl. Cognate with German sie, Dutch zij.

Pronoun

si pl

they

Declension

Alemannic German personal pronouns
			nominative	accusative	dative	possessive m
singular	1st person		ich, i	mich, mi	mir, mier, mer	min, miin
	2nd person	familiar	du	dich, di	dir, dier, der	din, diin
	2nd person	polite	Si		Ine, Ene, -ne	Ire
	3rd person	m	er	in, en	im	sin, siin
		f	si		ire
		n	es, 's, -s		im	sin, siin
plural	1st person		mir, mer	üs, öis, ois, eus		üse, öise, oise, euse
	2nd person		ir, ier	öi, eu		öie, eure
	3rd person		si		ine, ene, -ne	ire

Etymology 3

From Middle High German sein, sīn, from Old High German sīn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz. Cognate with German sein, Dutch zijn, West Frisian syn, Icelandic sinn.

Alternative forms

siin

Determiner

si

his

Declension

Inflected forms include:

	Singular			Plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	Plural
Nominative Accusative	si	sini	si	sini
Genitive	sines & si's		sines
Dative	si'm & sim	siner	si'm & sim	sine

Etymology 4

From Middle High German sīn, from Old High German sīn. Cognate with German sein, Dutch zijn, Low German sien.

Alternative forms

sii, siin, sinh, ŝchi

Verb

si

(Gressoney) to be

References

Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin si.

Conjunction

si

if

Bahnar

Etymology

From Proto-Bahnaric *ciː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ciiʔ (“louse”); cognate with Vietnamese chí, chấy.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /siː/

Noun

si

louse

Bambara

Noun

si

shea.

Descendants

→ English: shea

Bavarian

Etymology

Cognate with German sich.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si(ː)/, (stressed) [siː], (unstressed) [sɪ], [se]
Rhymes: -iː

Pronoun

si

himself, herself, themselves (accusative)

Belizean Creole

Etymology

From English see.

Verb

si

to see

References

Crosbie, Paul, ed. (2007), Kriol-Inglish Dikshineri: English-Kriol Dictionary. Belize City: Belize Kriol Project, p. 315–316.

Catalan

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [si]
Audio (Catalonia): (file)
Homophone: sí
Rhymes: -i

Etymology 1

From Old Catalan si, from Latin si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

if

Etymology 2

From Latin Sancte Iohannes (“Saint John”) in the hymn for St. John the Baptist.

Noun

si m (plural sis)

(music) si (seventh note of a diatonic scale)

Etymology 3

From Old Catalan si~sin, from Latin sĭnus.

Noun

si m (plural sins)

Etymology 4

From Latin sĭbī.

Pronoun

si

Usage notes

Si is the stressed (or "strong", or "tonic") form of the reflexive pronoun es. As such, it is used after prepositions.

Declension

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
number	person		nominative	proclitic		enclitic		possessive
number	person		nominative	accusative	dative	accusative	dative	possessive
singular	1st	standard	jo, mi³	em, m’		-me, ’m		meu
	1st	majestic¹	nós	ens		-nos, ’ns		nostre
	2nd	standard	tu	et, t’		-te, ’t		teu
		formal¹	vós	us		-vos, -us		vostre
		very formal²	vostè	el, l’	li	-lo, ’l	-li	seu
	3rd	m	ell	el, l’	li	-lo, ’l	-li	seu
		f	ella	la, l’⁴	li	-la	-li	seu
		n	―	ho	li	-ho	-li	seu
plural
	1st		nosaltres	ens		-nos, ’ns		nostre
	2nd	standard	vosaltres	us		-vos, -us		vostre
	2nd	formal²	vostès	els		-los, ’ls		seu
	3rd	m	ells	els		-los, ’ls		seu
	3rd	f	elles	les	els	-les	-los, ’ls	seu
3rd reflexive			si	es, s’		-se, ’s		seu
adverbial	ablative/genitive		―	en, n’	―	-ne, ’n	―
adverbial	locative		―	hi	―	-hi	―

¹ Behaves grammatically as plural. ² Behaves grammatically as third person.
³ Only as object of a preposition. ⁴ Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

Central Bikol

Etymology

Compare Chamorro si, Indonesian si, Malay si, and Tagalog si.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/ [si]
Hyphenation: si

Article

si (Basahan spelling ᜐᜒ)

direct marker placed before names or terms of address of people
Nagdalagan si Juan. ― Juan ran.

Dinara ninda si Tatay sa ospital. ― They brought Father to the hospital.
direct marker placed before an adjective used to refer to a person with those distinct characteristics
Yaon na si Taba. ― Fatso is here.
(Naga) direct marker placed before common nouns
Synonym: su

Kinua ko na si pakete. ― I already got the package

Central Franconian

Alternative forms

sei, sein (Moselle Franconian)

Etymology

From Middle High German sīn.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ziː/, /zi/
Homophone: sie

Determiner

si (masculine senge or singe, feminine and plural seng or sing)

(Ripuarian) his, its (third-person masculine and neuter possessive)
Wo hät e dann si Jlas henjestallt? ― Where did he put his glass?

Usage notes

The form seng/sing is used for the neuter when strongly stressed: Dat es sing Jlas! (“That's his glass!”) Contrariwise, the form si may be used for the masculine and feminine when unstressed, chiefly with words for relatives: si Papp (“his father”, but less common than senge Papp).

Chamorro

Etymology

Compare Central Bikol si, Indonesian si, and Malay si.

Preposition

si

Subject marker for personal names

Chavacano

Etymology 1

Inherited from Spanish sí.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/ [si]
IPA^(key): /ˈsi/ [ˈsi]
Rhymes: -si, -i

Particle

si

yes

Etymology 2

Inherited from Spanish si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

if

Etymology 3

Borrowed from various Philippine languages, notably Tagalog, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, and others.

Article

si

direct marker placed before names or terms of address of people

Cimbrian

Alternative forms

zi (Sette Comuni)

Etymology

From Middle High German si(e), from Old High German siu, from Proto-West Germanic *sī, from Proto-Germanic *sī, nominative singular feminine of *iz. Cognate with German sie.

Pronoun

si

(Luserna) she, it

Inflection

Personal pronouns (Luserna)
	singular	plural
1st person	i	biar
2nd person	du	iar
3rd person	er, si, 'z	se

References

“si” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Cornish

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

si m (plural siow)

hiss, buzz

Derived terms

edhen si (“hummingbird”)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

si

(transitive) to fancy

Derived terms

sians (“notion, whim”)

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *si.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈsɪ]
Audio: (file)
Audio: (file)

Pronoun

si (reflexive)

clitic dative of sebe:
to oneself

to myself

to yourself
Posluž si. ― Serve yourself.

to himself

to herself

to itself

to ourselves

to yourselves

to themselves

Synonym: (stressed) sobě

Dalmatian

**Dalmatian cardinal numbers**
< 5	6	7 >
Cardinal : si

Etymology

From Latin sex.

Numeral

si

six

Danish

Danish Wikipedia has an article on:

si

Wikipedia ^da

Etymology

From Old Norse sía (“to sieve, filter”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /siː/, [siːˀ]
Rhymes: -i
Rhymes: -iː

Noun

si c (singular definite sien, plural indefinite sier)

Inflection

Declension of si
common gender	singular		plural
common gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	si	sien	sier	sierne
genitive	sis	siens	siers	siernes

Verb

si (imperative si, infinitive at si, present tense sier, past tense siede, perfect tense har siet)

Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: si
Rhymes: -i

Noun

si f (plural si's, diminutive sietje n)

musical note; ti

Anagrams

is

Esperanto

Etymology

From Italian si, French soi, Spanish se, Latin se, plus the i of personal pronouns.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/
Audio 1: (file)
Audio 2: (file)
Audio 3: (file)
Rhymes: -i
Syllabification: si

Pronoun

si (reflexive, accusative sin, possessive sia)

himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself

Usage notes

The reflexive pronoun si is only used to refer to the third person (In English: he/she/it/they) not the first or second person (In English: I/we/you). When the subject of a sentence is first or second person, the same pronoun is repeated (with the accusative ending -n added if needed) instead of using si. (E.g. "they wash themselves" is ili lavas sin, but "I wash myself" is mi lavas min, instead of *mi lavas sin.)

Ewe

Verb

si

to escape

Fala

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *sóder.

Proto-Italic *sei

Latin sī

Old Galician-Portuguese se

Fala si

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese se, from Latin sī (“if”).

Conjunction

si

if (used to introduce a condition or choice)
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
  I si “a patria do homi é sua lengua”, cumu idía Albert Camus, o que está claru é que a lengua está mui por encima de fronteiras, serras, rius i maris, de situaciós pulíticas i sociu-económicas, de lazus religiosus e inclusu familiaris.
  And if “a man’s homeland is his language”, as Albert Camus said, what is clear is that language is above borders, mountain ranges, rivers and seas, above political and socio-economic situations, of religious and even family ties.

Etymology 2

Pronoun

si

alternative form of se
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 2: Númerus?:
  As lenguas, idiomas, dialectus o falas tenin un-as funciós mui claras desde o principiu dos siglu i si hai contabilizaus en o mundu un-as 8.000 lenguas, ca un-a con sua importancia numérica relativa, a nossa fala é un tesoiru mais entre elas.
  The tongues, languages or regional variants have some very clear functions since the beginning of the centuries and some 8,000 languages have been accounted for in the world, each with its relative numerical importance, Fala is yet another treasure among them.

French

French phrasebook

This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/
- Audio: (file)
- Audio (France (Paris)): (file)
- Audio (France (Toulouse)): (file)
- Audio (France (Vosges)): (file)
- Audio (France): (file)
- Audio (France (Grenoble)): (file)
- Audio (France (Vosges)): (file)
- Audio (France (Vosges)): (file)
- Audio (France (Hérault)): (file)
- Audio (France (Lyon)): (file)
- Audio (France (Massy)): (file)
- Homophones: ci, scie, scient, scies

Etymology 1

From Old French se, from Latin si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

if, whether
Je me demande si elle sera seule. ― I wonder if she'll be alone.

Je veux savoir si tu viendras ou non. ― I want to know if you're coming or not.
if (assuming that)
Si j'avais ses pouvoirs, je créerais un monde où le mal n'existe pas.
If I had his power, I'd create a world where evil didn't exist.

Si tu n'avais pas appelé, je serais morte. ― If you hadn't called, I'd be dead.
even if
although, while

Usage notes

This term is elided preceding il or ils, resulting in the contracted forms s'il and s'ils.

Derived terms

Descendants

Haitian Creole: si
Mauritian Creole: si

Etymology 2

From Old French si, from Latin sic (“so, thus”). Doublet of sic.

Interjection

si

yes (used to contradict a negative statement)
Synonym: (archaic) si fait

Tu ne m’aimes pas, n’est-ce pas ? — Si !
You don’t like me, do you? — Yes, I do!

Moi, je n'ai rien fait ! — Si ! ― I didn't do anything! — Yes, you did!

Usage notes

This usage is uncommon in Quebec, where most speakers instead use oui (“yes”) or, for greater emphasis, ben oui, mais oui ("well yes"), etc.
Additionally, this usage is not employed at all in Louisiana and has been entirely supplanted by the likes of ouais (“yeah”) and, less commonly, oui (“yes”).

Descendants

Mauritian Creole: si

Adverb

si

so, such (intensifier)
J’étais si fatigué ces jours-ci que je n’avais pas le courage de vous écrire.
I was so tired those days that I didn't have the energy to write to you.

Cela n'aurait pas été une si bonne idée. ― That wouldn't have been such a good idea.
(si + adjective/adverb + que ...) however (to whatever extent or degree)
Synonyms: aussi, tout, quelque

Si bavard qu'il soit, il ne dit rien de stupide.
However talkative he may be, he doesn't say anything stupid.
- 2017, Luc Brisson, Platon:
  Mais un législateur qui aurait un tant soit peu de worth, si infime soit elle, quand bien même il n'en irait pas comme l'argument vient de le démontrer, n'aurait-il pas commis en cette occasion, plus qu'en n'importe quelle autre circonstance où il aurait eu l'audace de mentir aux jeunes gens dans l'intérêt du bien, son plus utile mensonge, celui capable de faire que tous, non pas de force mais de leur plein gré, se conduisent de façon entièrement juste ?
  But a legislator who would have the slightest bit of valour, however tiny it may be, even if it were not as the argument has just demonstrated, would he not have committed on this occasion, more than in any other circumstance where he would have had the audacity to lie to young people in the interest of the good, his most useful lie, the one capable of making everyone, not by force but of their own accord, behave in an entirely just fashion?

Usage notes

In the sense however, the verb is usually in the subjunctive.
The que is sometimes replaced by an inverted-subject construction with a subjunctive verbal element and nominal, usually a personal pronoun.
si heureuse soit-elle ― however happy she may be

si faible paraisse-t-il ― however weak he may seem

Etymology 3

Noun

si m (invariable)

(music) si, the note 'B'

Derived terms

si majeur

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin se.

Pronoun

si (third person)

(reflexive pronoun) himself, herself

Related terms

lui
jê

Galician

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi/ [ˈs̺i]
Rhymes: -i
Hyphenation: si

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *sóder.

Proto-Italic *sei

Latin sī

Proto-Indo-European *ḱe

Proto-Italic *ke

Latin -ce

Latin sīce

Latin sīc

Galician si

Inherited from Latin sīc.

Interjection

si

yes
Antonym: non

Etymology 2

From Latin sē, ablative and accusative pronoun form.

Pronoun

si (accusative se, dative se)

himself, herself, itself
themselves

Usage notes

The pronoun si is used exclusively as the object of a preposition; no nominative form exists.

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

si m (plural sis)

(music) si (musical note)
(music) B (the musical note or key)

Gothic

Romanization

si

romanization of 𐍃𐌹

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese se. Cognate with Kabuverdianu si.

Conjunction

si

if

Haitian Creole

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Etymology 1

From French si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

if

Etymology 2

From French scie (“saw”).

Noun

si

saw (tool for cutting)

Etymology 3

From French sûr (“sure”).

Adjective

si

Related terms

siman

Etymology 4

From French sur (“sour”).

Adjective

si

sour

References

Targète, Jean; Urciolo, Raphael (1993), Haitian Creole-English Dictionary‎^[2], Dunwoody Press, →ISBN, pages 178-179

Hanunoo

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *si.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi/ [ˈsi]
Rhymes: -i
Syllabification: si

Article

si (Hanunoo spelling ᜰᜲ)

a form preposed to personal names
Si Gawid ― Gawid

Sintay si Luyon? ― Who is Luyon?

Kang manok si manayti. ― My bird the manayti (small bird)

Iau

Noun

si

woman

References

Bill Palmer, editor (2018), The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area, Berlin: de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 531

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian sì, Spanish sí.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Adverb

si (archaic)

yes
Synonym: yes

Antonym: no

References

Progreso I (in Ido), 1908–1909, page 10

Indonesian

Pronunciation

(Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈsi/ [ˈsi]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -i
Syllabification: si

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay si, from Proto-Austronesian *si. Compare Central Bikol si, Chamorro si, and Tagalog si.

Article

si

definite article used before the names of those with whom the speaker and interlocutor is intimate or familiar with
Tiada satupun yang berani pada si Tigor pemberani. ― No one dared to oppose the brave Tigor.

Kukatakan pada si Yopi kecil, janganlah marah ― I said to little Yopi, don't angry.

Kudengar bahwa si Tuti besar sedang sakit ― I hear that big Tuti is ill.
definite article used before a noun referring to a particular person with a particular characteristic
Si penjual jamu itu cantik sekali. ― That jamu seller is very pretty.

Dia tertawa dengan si orang asing itu. ― She was laughing with the foreigner.

Si pemuda itu tersenyum lebar lalu pergi. ― The young man smiled broadly then left.
definite article used before a nickname, typically for a subject whose well-known attributes are referred to by an adjective
Namanya si Putih ― The name is Whitey.

Si Gendut ― The Fatso

Si Goblok ― The Old Muttonhead
definite article used before animals
si kucing ― the cat

Usage notes

Only used for singular nouns/proper nouns.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Betawi [Term?].

Particle

si

Used following interrogative words for emphasis
Synonyms: kah, sih, tah

Apa si yang dicari? ― What is it that (you) look for?
(modal) Used to express verity based on the speaker's sentiment, often indicates certain contrast: truly, actually; after all, so
Synonyms: memang, sebenarnya, sih

Tidak apalah, saya si tidak salah. ― That's okay. I'm not at fault, after all.

Alternative forms

sih

Etymology 3

From Italian si in the solmization of Guido of Arezzo, from the initials of Latin Sāncte Iohannēs (“Saint John (the Baptist)”) in the lyrics of the scale-ascending hymn Ut queant laxis by Paulus Deacon; thus, also an initialism of Sāncte Iohannēs.

Noun

si

(music) si: seventh note of a major scale

Etymology 4

Noun

si

(law enforcement) apheretic form of seksi (“section”)

Etymology 5

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 市(し) (shi, “city”). Romanised according modified Kunrei-shiki romanization.

Noun

si

(historical, 1942-1945) synonym of kota (“city”)

Interlingua

Adverb

si

yes

Italian

Etymology 1

From Latin se (“him-, her-, it-, themselves”, reflexive third-person pronoun). Cognate with Spanish se and Portuguese se and si.

Alternative forms

-si (enclitic)
se (before an accusative particle, or ne)
ci (before another si)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/^°^[1], /si/^[2]
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: si

Pronoun

si

(reflexive pronoun) oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves
Il tuo gatto si lava sul mio letto. ― Your cat cleans himself/itself on my bed.

La tua gatta si lava sul mio letto. ― Your cat cleans herself on my bed.

Marco si è rotto il braccio. ― Marco has broken his arm.
(reciprocal pronoun) each other, one another
Carlo e Laura si amano. ― Carlo and Laura love each other.
(indefinite) one, you, we, they, people
In Italia si pranza intorno all'una. ― In Italy they eat lunch around 13.

In Italia si tende ad andare a letto tardi. ― In Italy, people tend to go to bed late.

Si dice che Maria volesse uccidere Giovanni. ― It is said that Maria wanted to kill Giovanni.

Da questa finestra si vede la banca. ― From this window, one can see the bank.
(si passivante) Used to form the passive voice of a verb; it
Si vende latte. / Vendesi latte. ― Milk for sale.

Non si accettano carte di credito. ― Credit cards are not accepted.
(dialectal, notably Rome) reflexive and reciprocal first person pronoun, where Standard Italian uses ci
Se semo fatti sei chilometri a fette. (Ci siamo fatti sei chilometri a piedi.)
We walked for six kilometers.

Volemose bene. (Vogliamoci bene.) ― Let's love each other.

Se la smezzamo? (Ce la dividiamo?) ― Do you want to split?
- 1483, Matteo Maria Boiardo, Orlando Innamorato, I, XVIII, lines 37–39:
  Ambo se poseremo in questo prato
  e domatina, come il giorno pare,
  ritornaremo insieme a battagliare.
  We will both lie down in this meadow
  and tomorrow morning, when the day appears,
  together we will go back to fight.

Usage notes

When si is part of an infinitive, it can be placed before it as a separate word, but more often it is attached to the end. In this case, the final -e of the infinitive is dropped, or, in the case of infinitives ending in -rre, the final -re is dropped. Examples: amar(e) + si = amarsi; ridur(re) + si = ridursi.
Often translated using the passive voice in English when used as indefinite personal pronoun:
Si dice che […] ― It is said that […]
Verb + si is often translated as become or get + [past participle] in English.
In cases where si (indefinite pronoun) and si (reflexive pronoun) follow each other, the first si is replaced with ci:
Ci si lava. ― One washes oneself.

(instead of: *Si si lava.)
Becomes se when followed by a third-person direct object clitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi/^°^[1], (traditional) /ˈsi/^*^[1]^[3]
Rhymes: -i
Hyphenation: sì

Noun

si m (invariable)

(music) si (musical note B)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 “si” in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
^ “si” in Bruno Migliorini et al., Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia, Rai Eri, 2025
^ “si” in Bruno Migliorini et al., Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia, Rai Eri, 2025

Jamaican Creole

Etymology

Derived from English see.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Verb

si

to see
Mi wuda laik si im tu. ― I'd like to see him too.

Preposition

si

(Used with ya) Here is; here are.
Si Jan ya. ― Here is John.

Si yu buk-dem ya. ― Here are your books.

Japanese

Romanization

si

The katakana syllable スィ (si) in Hepburn romanization.

Japhug

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sij (“to die”). Cognate with Tibetan ཤི (shi), Chinese 死 (OC *hljiʔ).^[1]

Verb

si

(Kamnyu, intransitive) to die

Etymology 2

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *siŋ ~ *sik (“tree; wood; firewood”). Cognate with Tibetan ཤིང (shing, “tree”), Chinese 薪 (OC *siŋ, “firewood”), Tangut 𗝠 (*sji¹, “tree”).^[2]^[3]

Noun

si

(Kamnyu) tree
(Kamnyu) wood

References

^ Zhang, Shuya; Jacques, Guillaume; Lai, Yunfan (2019), “A study of cognates between Gyalrong languages and Old Chinese”, in Journal of Language Relationship, volume 17, number 1, →DOI, page 89 of 73–92
^ Zhang, Shuya; Jacques, Guillaume; Lai, Yunfan (2019), “A study of cognates between Gyalrong languages and Old Chinese”, in Journal of Language Relationship, volume 17, number 1, →DOI, page 85 of 73–92
^ Jacques, Guillaume (2014), Esquisse de phonologie et de morphologie historique du tangoute, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 100

Guillaume Jacques, Argument Demotion in Japhug Rgyalrong (2012)
Guillaume Jacques (2021), A grammar of Japhug‎^[3], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN

Judeo-Tat

**Judeo-Tat numbers ^(edit)**
← 20	← 21	30	40 →
		3^{[a], [b]}
Cardinal: si Ordinal: sijimyn

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *tréyes

Proto-Indo-European *tri-

Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥

Proto-Indo-European *-t

Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥-t

Proto-Indo-European *dḱómth₂

Proto-Indo-European *tridḱómth₂

Proto-Indo-Iranian *triHćát

Proto-Iranian *θriHcátder.

Middle Persian syh

Classical Persian سِی (sī)

Judeo-Tat si

Inherited from Classical Persian سِی (sī).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sɪ/

Numeral

si

thirty

Coordinate terms

Judeo-Tat cardinal numbers from 0 to 90

	—0	—1	—2	—3	—4	—5	—6	—7	—8	—9
0—	nol	jəki	dy	sə, səsə	cor	pənç	şəş	ħoft	ħəşt	nyh
10—	dəh	jazdəh	dyvazdəh	sizdəh	cordəh	pazdəh	şazdəh	həvdəh	həçdəh	nazdəh
20—	bisd	bisdyəki	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
30—	si	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
40—	cyl	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
50—	pənçoh	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
60—	şast	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
70—	ħofdod	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
80—	ħəşdod	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
90—	navad	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

References

Агарунов, Я.; Агарунов, М. (2010), Большой словарь языка горских евреев джуури [Large Dictionary of the Juhuri Language of Mountain Jews]‎^[4] (in Russian), Baku: Абилов, Зейналов и сыновья, page 226
Нафталиев, М. Н. (2015), “si”, in Е. М. Назарова, editor, Еврейско (джуури)-русский словарь [Juhuri–Russian Dictionary]‎^[5], Moscow: СТМЭГИ, page 443

Kabuverdianu

Etymology 1

Derived from Portuguese se.

Conjunction

si

if

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *sóder.

Proto-Italic *sei

Latin sī

Proto-Indo-European *ḱe

Proto-Italic *ke

Latin -ce

Latin sīce

Latin sīc

Old Galician-Portuguese si

Portuguese nãoinflu.

Portuguese miminflu.

Portuguese simder.

Kabuverdianu si

Derived from Portuguese sim.

Adverb

si

yes

Kankanaey

Alternative forms

sis

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/ [si̞]
(parts of Bauko, Sabangan and Tadian) IPA^(key): /hi/ [hi̞]
Rhymes: -i
Syllabification: si

Article

si

oblique argument, specifically a common nominal indefinite marker

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms and variants of si
view map; edit data
Group	Province	Municipality	Part of municipality	Barangay	Terms	Words
Northern / Applai	Mountain Province	Sagada	Pidlisan / Dapliyan (north)	Aguid		si
				Pide		si
				Fidelisan		si
				Bangaan		si
				Madungo		si
				Tanulong		si
Southern / Central	Mountain Province	Bauko	Lower Bauko	Bila		hi
				Banao		hi
				Poblacion		hi
				Otucan		hi
		Sabangan	Upper Sabangan	Bun-ayan		hi
				Bao-angan		hi
				Busa		hi
				Camatagan		hi
				Capinitan		hi
				Gayang		hi
				Namatec		hi
				Napua		hi
				Pingad		hi
			Lower Sabangan	Data		si
				Lagan		si
				Losad		si
				Poblacion		si
				Supang		si
				Tambingan		si
		Tadian	Zone 2 / SULUMASIDE	Bantey		hi
				Batayan		hi
				Duagan		hi
				Lubon		hi
				Mabalite		hi
				Masla		hi
				Sumadel		hi
			Zone 3 / Sunny Side	Banaao		ho
				Cadad-anan		ho
				Cagubatan		ho
				Dacudac		ho
				Lenga		ho
				Pandayan		ho

References

Janet L. Allen (2014), Kankanaey: A Role and Reference Grammar Analysis‎^[6] (overall work in English), →ISBN, page 128

Khumi Chin

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sʰi˩/

Noun

si

wild cow

References

K. E. Herr (2011), The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎^[7], Payap University, page 50

Koro (India)

Noun

si

water

References

Roger Blench, Mark Post, (De)classifying Arunachal languages: Reconstructing the evidence (2011)

Kosarek Yale

Noun

si

tooth

References

Andrew Pawley et al., "The Trans New Guinea family", in The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide (2018, →ISBN)
ASJP

Kusaal

Etymology

from French scie (“saw”)

Noun

si

saw (tool)

Ladin

Etymology

From Latin sē.

Adjective

si

(possessive) his, her, hers, its, their

Ladino

Pronunciation

Audio (Spain): (file)

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Spanish si (“if”).

Conjunction

si (Hebrew spelling סי)^[1]

if (supposing that)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Spanish si (“oneself”).

Pronoun

si (Hebrew spelling סי)^[1]

oneself; herself; itself; himself; themselves (form of se used after prepositions)

Etymology 3

Inherited from Old Spanish si (“yea”).

Particle

si (Hebrew spelling סי)^[1]

yes; aye (commonly used to respond affirmatively to a question)
Antonym: no

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 “si”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola [Treasury of the Judeo-Spanish Language] (in Ladino, Hebrew, and English), Instituto Maale Adumim

Latin

Alternative forms

sei (standard in Republican spelling)
se (Merovingian)

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *sei (“so, thus”) used in parataxis, likely via the meaning "in this" as the locative singular of Proto-Indo-European *só (“this, that”); this older meaning is preserved in Latin sīc as well as in the oath sī dīs placet, cf. English so help me God.^[1] Related to Old English sē (“he, that”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈsiː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈsiː]

Conjunction

sī

if, supposing that
Sī versūs hōrum duōrum poētārum neglegētis, magnā parte litterārum carēbitis.
If you neglect the verses of these two poets, you will miss a great part of literature.

Sī vis pacem, para bellum. ― If you want peace, prepare for war.
whether (when a verb of seeing or trying is the main verb in the apodosis; or when sī is used twice correlatively)
sī... sī ― whether... or

Derived terms

ac sī (“just as if”)
nisi (“unless”)
quasi (“as if, like”)
sī dīs placet (“expr. of indignant surprise”)
sī mē amās (“please”)
sī minus (“if not”)
sī modo (“provided that”)
sī nōn (“if not”)
sī nōndum (“if not yet”)
sī̆ quandō (“if ever”)
sī̆ quidem (“if/since indeed”)
sī quis, sī quid (“if anybody/anything”)
sī vīs (“if you like”)
sī vīvō (“as sure as I'm alive”)
sīc (“so, thus”)
sīcubi (“if anywhere”)
sīcunde (“if from anywhere”)
sīcut (“as”)
sīn (“if however”)
sī(n) aliter (“if otherwise”)
sīs (“if you will”)
sīve, seu (“disjunctive sī”)
sōdēs (“if you will”)

Descendants

Aromanian: si
Catalan: si
Franco-Provençal: se
French: si
Friulian: se
Galician: se
Italian: se
Occitan: se
Portuguese: se
- Guinea-Bissau Creole: si
- Kabuverdianu: si
- Papiamentu: si
Romanian: să
Romansh: sche
Sicilian: si
Spanish: si

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “sī, sīc”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561

Latvian

Noun

si m (invariable)

(music) si

Lolopo

Etymology

From Proto-Loloish *ʃe² (“to die”), from Proto-Lolo-Burmese *səj¹ (“to die”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sij (“to die”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [sz̩³³]

Verb

si

(Yao'an) to die

Noun

si

(Yao'an) death

References

Merrifield, Judith; Merrifield, Scott (2018), “Query for si”, in Yao'an Loxrlavu – English Dictionary (in Chinese), SIL International

Louisiana Creole

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/
Rhymes: -i

Etymology 1

Inherited from French si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

if

Etymology 2

Inherited from French si (“so”).

Adverb

si

so (intensifier)

Etymology 3

**Louisiana Creole cardinal numbers**
< 5	6	7 >
Cardinal : si

Inherited from French six (“six”).

Numeral

si

six

Usage notes

Precedes consonant-initial words. See usage notes at sis.

Lower Tanana

Alternative forms

sih (Chena)

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *šiˑ. Cognate with Navajo shí, Ahtna sii.

Pronoun

si

first-person singular pronoun; I, me

References

Kari, James et al. (2024), Kari, James, editor, Lower Tanana Dene Dictionary, Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Language Center, →ISBN, page 496

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /zi/

Etymology 1

Pronoun

si

third-person feminine singular, nominative: she
Si ass eng ganz schéi Fra. ― She is a very beautiful woman
third-person feminine singular, accusative: her
Den Hond huet si gebass. ― The dog bit her
third-person plural, nominative: they
Si si ganz schéi Fraen. ― They are very beautiful women.
third-person plural, accusative: them
Den Hond huet si gebass. ― The dog bit them

Usage notes

The feminine singular is used chiefly with feminine words for things. Female persons are predominantly treated as grammatically neuter, though the feminine is not impossible. See hatt for more.

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns
				nominative		accusative		dative		reflexive
				stressed	unstressed	stressed	unstressed	stressed	unstressed	reflexive
singular	1st person			ech	—	mech	—	mir	mer	like dat. and acc.
	2nd person	informal		du	de	dech	—	dir	der	like dat. and acc.
	2nd person	formal		Dir	Der	Iech	Iech [əɕ]	Iech	Iech [əɕ]	Iech
	3rd person		m	hien	en	hien	en	him	em	sech
			f	si	se	si	se	hir	er	sech
			n	hatt	et ('t)	hatt	et ('t)	him	em	sech
plural	1st person			mir	mer	eis (ons)	—	eis (ons)	—	eis (ons)
	2nd person			dir	der	iech	iech [əɕ]	iech	iech [əɕ]	iech
	3rd person			si	se	si	se	hinnen	en	sech

Etymology 2

Verb

si

Eifel rule form of sinn

Macanese

Alternative forms

se

Etymology

Derived from Portuguese se.

Conjunction

si

if (introduces a condition)
si nunca ― otherwise (literally, “if not”)

si sâm capaz ― if you are brave / if you dare

si más pricisâ ― if more is needed

si já falâ co iou ― if you had told me

si vosôtro querê vêm ― if you (pl.) want to come

iou vai olâ si têm ― I'm going to see if there is any

si têm vagar lôgo vêm ― I'll come if I have time

Derived terms

nunca-si

References

https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm

Malay

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *si₁. Compare Berik si, Chamorro si, Indonesian si, and Tagalog si.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi/ [ˈsi]
Rhymes: -i

Article

si (Jawi spelling سي)

the (primarily used with people, rarely necessary)
Ke mana perginya si budak nakal yang aku jumpa di taman tadi?
Where has the brat I just met in the park headed to?
definite particle used with adjectives to describe people
si mati ― the dead (person)

si pengawal buncit ― the fat controller
a definite article used in names or nicknames
Si Polan ― John Doe
definite article used before animals
si arnab ― the bunny

Synonyms

(honorific) sang

Descendants

> Indonesian: si (inherited)

Mandarin

Romanization

si (si⁵ / si⁰, Zhuyin ˙ㄙ)

Hanyu Pinyin reading of 廁 / 厕

si

nonstandard spelling of sī
nonstandard spelling of sǐ
nonstandard spelling of sì

Usage notes

Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Mauritian Creole

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Etymology 1

From French si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

if

Related terms

sinon

Etymology 2

From French si (“yes”).

Interjection

si

yes (used to contradict a negative statement)

References

Baker, Philip; Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. (1987), Diksiyoner kreol morisyeṅ [Mauritian Creole Dictionary] (in French and English), Paris: L'Harmattan, →ISBN, page 294
Carpooran, Arnaud (2011), Diksioner Morisien [Mauritian Dictionary] (in Mauritian Creole), second edition, Éditions Le Printemps, →ISBN, page 967

Middle Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ziː/

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch sia.

Alternative forms

sie, soe, so

Pronoun

si

she

Inflection

Middle Dutch personal pronouns
			nominative	accusative	dative	genitive
singular	1st person		ic	mi		mijn
	2nd person		du	di		dijn
	3rd person	m	hi	hem, hen		sijn
		f	si	haer		haer
		n	het		hem, hen	sijn
plural	1st person		wi	ons		onse
	2nd person		gi	u		uwe
	3rd person		si	hem, hen		haer

Descendants

Dutch: zij
- Afrikaans: sy
Limburgish: zie

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch sia.

Alternative forms

sie

Pronoun

si

they (all genders)
- 1249, Schepenbrief van Bochoute, Velzeke, eastern Flanders:
  Si maken bekent die nu sien ende wesen selen
  They make known to those who are now and will be

Inflection

Middle Dutch personal pronouns
			nominative	accusative	dative	genitive
singular	1st person		ic	mi		mijn
	2nd person		du	di		dijn
	3rd person	m	hi	hem, hen		sijn
		f	si	haer		haer
		n	het		hem, hen	sijn
plural	1st person		wi	ons		onse
	2nd person		gi	u		uwe
	3rd person		si	hem, hen		haer

Descendants

Dutch: zij
Limburgish: zie

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

si

first/third-person singular present subjunctive of wēsen

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English sīe, singular subjunctive of wesan, from Proto-Germanic *sijǭ (first person), *sijēs (second person), and *sijē (third person), singular subjunctive forms of *wesaną.

Verb

si

(Early Middle English, rare) singular present subjunctive of been

Middle French

Alternative forms

se

Etymology

From Old French se.

Adverb

si

if
then (afterwards; following)

Descendants

French: si

Middle High German

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (before 13^th CE) /ˈs̠i/, /ˈs̠iː/

Pronoun

si or sī

alternative form of siu
alternative form of sie

Middle Low German

Pronunciation

Possibly: IPA^(key): /siː/
Certainly: Stem vowel: ê⁴
- IPA^(key): /siɛ/, /siə/

Pronoun

sî

alternative form of sê

Mòcheno

Etymology

From Middle High German si(e), from Old High German siu, from Proto-West Germanic *sī, from Proto-Germanic *sī, nominative singular feminine of *iz. Cognate with German sie.

Pronoun

si

she, it

Inflection

Personal pronouns
	singular	plural
1st person	i	biar
2nd person	du	ir
3rd person	er, si, s	sei

References

“si” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Mokilese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi/

Noun

si

ear

Declension

Possessive forms of si (tight inalienable possession, oa/a stem)
singular possessor	first person	sioaioa
	second person	sioamwen
	third person	sioa
dual possessors	first person inclusive	siasa
	first person exclusive	siama
	second person	siamwa
	third person	siara
plural possessors	first person inclusive	siasai
	first person exclusive	siamai
	second person	siamwai
	third person	siarai
remote plural possessors	first person inclusive	siahs
	first person exclusive	siami
	second person	siemwi
	third person	siahr
construct form		sien

Molo

Noun

si

water

References

Marvin Lionel Bender, Topics in Nilo-Saharan linguistics (1989)
[8]

Nalca

Noun

si

tooth
name

Norman

Etymology

From Old French si, from Latin si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

(Guernsey) if

North Frisian

Alternative forms

sä (Föhr-Amrum)
siin (Goesharde)
siine (Halligen)
siinj (Mooring)
se (Sylt)
säie (Wiedingharde)

Etymology

From Old Frisian siā, from Proto-West Germanic *sehwan, from Proto-Germanic *sehwaną (“to see”), from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to see”).

Verb

si

(Heligoland) to see

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /siː/, [siː]
Rhymes: -iː
Homophone: sid
Hyphenation: si

Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle Norwegian segia (“to say”),^[1] from Old Norse segja, from Proto-Germanic *sagjaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”).

Compare Norwegian Nynorsk seia, Danish sige, Swedish säga, Icelandic segja, Faroese siga, German sagen and English say (“to say”).

Verb

si (imperative si, present tense sier, passive sies, simple past sa, supine sagt, past participle sagt, present participle siende, verbal noun siing)

To say, to utter.
«Jeg kommer snart», sa hun. ― “I'll come soon,” she said.
- 1879, P. Chr. Asbjørnsen, Norske Folke- og Huldre-Eventyr, page 25:
  «Jeg er ikke ræd for trold og trugsmaal», sagde gutten
  “I am not afraid of trolls and threats,” said the boy.
- 1882, Henrik Ibsen, En folkefiende, page 161:
  når har jeg sagt det på tryk?
  When have I said that in print?
som sagt — “as already mentioned”.
Som sagt begynner møtet klokka tre. ― As already mentioned, the meeting starts at three.
- 1881, Henrik Ibsen, Gengangere, page 72:
  jeg er jo, som sagt, ikke inde i den slags ting
  As I have said, I am not familiar with that sort of thing.
som sagt, så gjort — “no sooner said than done”.
Vi bestemte oss for å reise. Som sagt, så gjort. ― We decided to leave. No sooner said than done.
- 1907, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnsons fortællinger, page 238:
  hver kunde kjøbe det, han vilde, og dele udbyttet. Som sagt, så gjort
  Each could buy what he wanted and share the proceeds. No sooner said than done.
lettere sagt enn gjort — “easier said than done”.
Å endre gamle vaner er lettere sagt enn gjort. ― Changing old habits is easier said than done.

si etter — “to repeat after; quote”.
Si etter meg: «Jeg lover å prøve.» ― Repeat after me: “I promise to try.”

for å si det med — “to quote; in the words of”.
For å si det med læreren vår: «Øvelse gjør mester.» ― To quote our teacher: “Practice makes perfect.”

si ja og amen — “to agree unquestioningly”.
Du trenger ikke å si ja og amen til alt. ― You don't have to agree unquestioningly to everything.

har man sagt a, får man si b — “in for a penny, in for a pound; having started, one must follow through”.
Nå har vi begynt, og har man sagt a, får man si b. ― We've started now, and in for a penny, in for a pound.
1. To say a greeting, farewell, thanks, or similar conventional expression.
  Hun sa god natt til barna. ― She said goodnight to the children.
  - 1888, Henrik Ibsen, Fruen fra havet, page 48:
    [jeg] får nok sige tak for mig
    [I] had better say my thanks and goodbye.
2. To pronounce a word in a particular way or use a particular grammatical form.^[2]
  Hun sier «kjerke» der jeg sier «kirke». ― She says “kjerke” where I say “kirke”.
3. To use a particular word, expression, or form of address.
  Du kan si du til meg. ― You can address me as du.
  - 1881, Henrik Ibsen, Gengangere, page 142:
    hvorfor kan du ikke sige du til mig, Regine?
    Why can't you address me with the familiar “du”, Regine?
  - 1884, Henrik Ibsen, Vildanden, page 59:
    krøllet vil jeg ikke egentlig kalde det [håret]; jeg vil snarere sige lokket
    I would not really call it [the hair] curly; I would rather say wavy.
  for ikke å si — “not to say; if not”.
  Rommet var lite, for ikke å si trangt. ― The room was small, not to say cramped.
  - 1930, Henrik Ibsen, Samlede verker, volume XV, page 313:
    [gudshuset] staar paa svage for ikke at sige faldefærdige fødder
    [The church] stands on weak—not to say crumbling—foundations.
4. To express, to put into words.
  Jeg kan ikke si hvor glad jeg er. ― I cannot express how happy I am.
  - 1882, Henrik Ibsen, En folkefiende, page 58:
    jeg kan ikke sige Dem, kære herr Aslaksen, hvor inderligt det glæder mig
    I cannot tell you, dear Mr Aslaksen, how deeply this delights me.
5. To put, to phrase; to express in a specified manner.
  Kan du si det på en enklere måte? ― Can you put it more simply?
  - 1884, Henrik Ibsen, Vildanden, page 159:
    sig det bent ud, Ekdal!
    Say it outright, Ekdal!
  - 1957, Edvard Grieg, Artikler og taler, page 82:
    når jeg siger, at jeg ikke blev skuffet, så er det, om muligt, endog for lidt sagt
    When I say that I was not disappointed, that is, if anything, an understatement.
  for å si det sånn — “to put it that way”.
  Det gikk ikke helt etter planen, for å si det sånn. ― It didn't quite go according to plan, to put it that way.
  - 1997, Torgrim Eggen, Den nye Dylan, page 35:
    […] for å si det sånn
    […] to put it that way
  så å si — “so to speak; virtually”.
  Salen var så å si full. ― The hall was virtually full.
  - 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Peer Gynt, page 150:
    det hele er, så at sige, privat
    The whole thing is, so to speak, private.
  snart sagt (now rare) — “practically; almost”.
  Han kjente snart sagt alle i byen. ― He knew practically everyone in town.
  - 1909, Henrik Ibsen, Efterladte Skrifter, volume I, page 318:
    disse kendsgerninger kunde suppleres snart sagt i det uendelige
    These facts could be supplemented virtually without end.
  om jeg så må si — “if I may put it that way”.
  Han var festens midtpunkt, om jeg så må si. ― He was the centre of the party, if I may put it that way.
  
  med permisjon å si (dated) — “if I may say so; pardon the expression”.
  Dette er, med permisjon å si, tull. ― This is, if I may say so, nonsense.
  - 1874, Henrik Ibsen, De unges forbund, page 208:
    [madam Rundholmen] så ud som en havfrue, med permission at sige
    [Madam Rundholmen] looked like a mermaid, if I may say so.
  kort sagt — “in short”.
  Kort sagt trenger vi mer tid. ― In short, we need more time.
  
  nær sagt — “one might almost say”.
  Vi har ventet i, nær sagt, en evighet. ― We have waited for, one might almost say, an eternity.
  
  rettere sagt — “or rather; more precisely”.
  Vi møtes i morgen, eller rettere sagt i kveld. ― We'll meet tomorrow, or rather this evening.
  
  sant å si — “to tell the truth”.
  Sant å si husker jeg ikke navnet. ― To tell the truth, I don't remember the name.
  
  for sterkt sagt — “put too strongly; an overstatement”.
  Å kalle det en katastrofe er for sterkt sagt. ― Calling it a catastrophe is an overstatement.
  
  å si (obsolete) — “that is to say”, introducing a qualification.
  Jeg kommer gjerne, å si, hvis jeg er frisk. ― I'll gladly come, that is, if I am well.
  - 1888, Henrik Ibsen, Fruen fra havet, page 43:
    jeg har også oplevet dette her. På en måde, at sige
    I have experienced this too. In a way, that is to say.
6. To recite, to deliver orally.
  Hun sa et vers utenat. ― She recited a verse from memory.
  - 1872, Henrik Ibsen, Kongs-Emnerne, page 127:
    Jatgejr skald vil sige sit kvad til ære for kong Skule
    Jatgeir the skald wishes to recite his poem in honour of King Skule.
  - 1925, Sigrid Undset, Olav Audunssøn i Hestviken, volume I, page 182:
    [hun] sa eventyr og regler
    [She] recited fairy tales and rhymes.
  si fram, si frem — “to recite”.
  Elevene sa fram et dikt for klassen. ― The pupils recited a poem to the class.
7. (of a text or saying) To say, to read.
  Skiltet sier at veien er stengt. ― The sign says that the road is closed.
  - 1850, Bernhard Herre, En Jægers Erindringer, page 22:
    eventyret siger, at denne huldre var fiin og skjær som morgentaagen
    The tale says that this huldra was delicate and fair as the morning mist.
  - 1873, Henrik Ibsen, Kærlighedens komedie, page 94:
    således siger jo et gammelt ord
    That is what an old saying says.
8. (of an animal) To make its characteristic sound.
  Sauen sier bæ. ― The sheep goes baa.
  - 1907, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnsons fortællinger, page 233:
    «Hvad siger katten,» spurte Øyvind
    “What does the cat say?” asked Øyvind.
9. (of an object, also impersonal) To make a sound; to go.
  Det sa klikk da døra gikk igjen. ― There was a click as the door closed.
  - 1917, Knut Hamsun, Markens Grøde, volume II, page 228:
    klingeling! sier bjældene langt opi lien
    Jingle-jangle! go the bells far up the hillside.
  som sier seks (figuratively) — “that packs a punch; considerable”.
  De fikk en regning som sa seks. ― They received a bill that really packed a punch.
To state, assert, or declare; to express an opinion.
Hva sier du til forslaget? ― What do you think of the proposal?
- 1879, Henrik Ibsen, Et dukkehjem, page 32:
  fire tusend otte hundrede kroner. Hvad siger du til det?
  Four thousand eight hundred kroner. What do you say to that?
- 1907, Bernt Lie, Mot Overmagt, page 242:
  en fik si der var sommer, eftersom bjerkekrattet stod grønt
  One had to say it was summer, since the birch scrub was green.
ha noe man skulle ha sagt — “to have a say”.
De ansatte bør også ha noe de skulle ha sagt. ― The employees should also have a say.

man kan si hva man vil — “say what you will”.
Man kan si hva man vil, men hun arbeider hardt. ― Say what you will, but she works hard.
- 1880, Jonas Lie, Rutland, page 204:
  man sige nu, hvad man vil!
  People may say what they like!
jeg skal si — “I tell you”, emphasizing a statement.
Jeg skal si det regnet! ― It really poured, I tell you!
- 1914, Sigrid Undset, Vaaren, page 193:
  aajoda, dama begynder at faa figur, skal jeg si
  Oh yes, the lady is beginning to develop a figure, I tell you.
det må jeg si — “I must say; well, I never”, expressing surprise, approval, or disapproval.
Det må jeg si, du har gjort en god jobb! ― I must say, you've done a good job!
- 1886, Henrik Ibsen, Rosmersholm, page 203:
  ikke inde? Ude sammen på denne tid? Nå da, – det må jeg sige –!
  Not at home? Out together at this hour? Well, I must say—!
det kan du si, du kan så si — “you can say that again; you're right”.
«Dette var dyrt.» — «Ja, det kan du si.» ― “This was expensive.” — “Yes, you can say that again.”
- 1917, Gunnar Heiberg, Samlede dramatiske verker, volume III, page 78:
  ja, De kan saa si
  Yes, you can say that.
det kan du si — “that's easy for you to say”, distancing oneself from another's opinion.
«Du må bare slappe av.» — «Det kan du si.» ― “You just need to relax.” — “That's easy for you to say.”

sier og skriver — “in words and figures”, emphasizing an amount.
Det kostet sier og skriver ti millioner. ― It cost no less than ten million.
- 1899, Sfinx, Vi og Voreses, page 153:
  tænke Dem ikke sovet paa fem aar, … siger og skriver fem aar!
  Imagine not having slept for five years … five whole years, in words and figures!
det er ikke sagt — “it is not certain; it does not necessarily follow”.
Det er ikke sagt at alle kan komme. ― It is not certain that everyone can come.
- 1877, Henrik Ibsen, Samfundets støtter, page 165:
  om der tilstøder et fartøj noget, så er det jo heller ikke sagt, at der går menneskeliv tilspilde
  If something happens to a vessel, it does not necessarily follow that lives will be lost.
si ja — “to agree; accept”.
Hun sa ja til tilbudet. ― She accepted the offer.

si fra seg — “to relinquish; renounce”.
Han sa fra seg vervet som leder. ― He relinquished his position as chair.

si imot — “to contradict; disagree”.
Ingen våget å si henne imot. ― Nobody dared to contradict her.
- 1879, Henrik Ibsen, Et dukkehjem, page 125:
  du bør ikke sige hende imod
  You should not contradict her.
si på, si om — “to object to; find fault with”, especially in negative constructions.
Det er lite å si på resultatet. ― There is little to find fault with in the result.
- 1884, Alexander L. Kielland, Fortuna, page 134:
  [det var] intet at sige paa selve forretningen
  [There was] nothing to object to in the transaction itself.
- 1923, Hans Aanrud, Fortællinger, volume I, page 33:
  ja, jeg siger ikke om det; Gamlesmeruden er nok ikke den, som vil vide af noget ap
  Well, I am not criticizing it; old Smerud certainly will not tolerate any fooling about.
si opp — “to dismiss; lay off”.
Bedriften måtte si opp fem ansatte. ― The company had to lay off five employees.
- 1986, Terje Stigen, Ved foten av kunnskapens tre:
  […] måtte si opp folk […]
  […] had to dismiss people […]
si opp — “to resign; give notice”.
Hun sa opp for å begynne i en annen jobb. ― She resigned to start another job.
- 1976, Torborg Nedreaas, Det dumme hjertet, page 145:
  […] kommer til å si opp […]
  […] am going to resign […]
si opp — “to declare a relationship ended”.
Han sa opp vennskapet etter krangelen. ― He ended the friendship after the argument.
- 1873, Henrik Ibsen, Kærlighedens komedie, page 107:
  jeg siger op vort venskab!
  I renounce our friendship!
si opp — “to cancel; terminate”, of an agreement or subscription.
Vi har sagt opp abonnementet. ― We have cancelled the subscription.
- 1998, May B. Lund, … ikke stykkevis og delt:
  […] si opp abonnementet […]
  […] cancel the subscription […]
1. (reflexive) To declare oneself.
  Hun sa seg enig i forslaget. ― She declared herself in agreement with the proposal.
  - 1916, Tryggve Andersen, Samlede fortællinger, volume I, page 152:
    den bygd, dér han havde sagt sig hjemme
    The district where he had declared himself to be at home.
  si seg selv — “to go without saying; be self-evident”.
  Det sier seg selv at vi må hjelpe. ― It goes without saying that we must help.
  - 1890, Henrik Ibsen, Hedda Gabler, page 75:
    det siger sig da af sig selv!
    That goes without saying!
  1. (literary, with an infinitive) To claim oneself to be or to have done something.
    Han sier seg å være uskyldig. ― He claims to be innocent.
    - 1873, Henrik Ibsen, Kejser og Galilæer, page 31:
      han siger sig at have sovet tre år i en hule hinsides Jordan
      He claims to have slept for three years in a cave beyond the Jordan.
2. To agree on, stipulate, or settle on.
  Skal vi si klokka fire? ― Shall we say four o'clock?
  - 1884, Henrik Ibsen, Vildanden, page 156:
    fra imorgen af – eller, lad os sige fra iovermorgen af
    From tomorrow—or, let us say, from the day after tomorrow.
To tell, to inform.
Hun sa til meg at toget var forsinket. ― She told me that the train was delayed.
- 1881, Henrik Ibsen, Gengangere, page 114:
  sig mig, – hvad synes du om Regine?
  Tell me—what do you think of Regine?
- 1899, Henrik Ibsen, Når vi døde vågner, page 130:
  jeg vil sige dig én ting, Arnold
  I will tell you one thing, Arnold.
om jeg selv skal si det, om jeg skal si det selv — “if I may say so myself”.
Kaka ble god, om jeg skal si det selv. ― The cake turned out well, if I may say so myself.
- 1882, Henrik Ibsen, En folkefiende, page 56:
  jeg [har] jo en viss indflydelse i byen … – om jeg selv skal sige det
  I [do have] a certain influence in the town … if I may say so myself.
si det som det er — “to tell it like it is”.
Jeg vil heller si det som det er enn å finne på en unnskyldning. ― I'd rather tell it like it is than invent an excuse.
- 1913, Kristian Elster d.y., Mester, page 128:
  jeg faar si det som det er, Lerke … De faar finde Dem en anden varamand
  I must tell it as it is, Lerke … you will have to find yourself another deputy.
1. To convey or express through a gesture, object, artwork, or other medium.
  Bildet sier mer enn ordene. ― The picture says more than the words.
  
  si det med blomster — “to say it with flowers”.
  Han ønsket å takke henne og sa det med blomster. ― He wanted to thank her and said it with flowers.
  - 1995, Ebba Haslund, I mangel av sverd, page 185:
    […] si det med blomster eller pakke
    […] say it with flowers or a parcel
2. To notify, to give notice.
  Hun sa at hun ikke kunne komme. ― She gave notice that she could not come.
  - 1874, Henrik Ibsen, De unges forbund, page 7:
    sig, Monsen betaler!
    Tell them Monsen will pay!
  si fra, si ifra — “to let someone know; speak up”.
  Si fra når du er ferdig. ― Let me know when you are finished.
  
  si beskjed (obsolete) — “to give information; let someone know”.
  Du får si meg beskjed om saken. ― You must let me know about the matter.
  
  si noen til (obsolete) — “to notify someone”.
  Si meg til når gjestene kommer. ― Let me know when the guests arrive.
  - 1874, Henrik Ibsen, De unges forbund, page 141:
    De må være så god at sige mig til, når proprietær Monsen kommer
    Please let me know when the landowner Monsen arrives.
  la seg si (obsolete) — “to heed advice; let oneself be persuaded”.
  Han ville ikke la seg si. ― He would not listen to advice.
  - 1906, J. S. Welhaven, Samlede Digterverker, volume I, page 206:
    omsider lod hun sig … sige, fordi familien overhang hende
    Eventually she let herself be persuaded … because the family kept urging her.
3. To say, report, or rumour, with an indefinite or general subject.
  Folk sier at huset er hjemsøkt. ― People say that the house is haunted.
  - 1884, Henrik Ibsen, Vildanden, page 1:
    folk siger, at der er noget imellem dem
    People say there is something between them.
  - 1886, Henrik Ibsen, Rosmersholm, page 115:
    jeg har hørt sige det
    I have heard it said.
  man sier for et gammelt ord (dated) — “as the old saying goes”.
  Man sier for et gammelt ord at ærlighet varer lengst. ― As the old saying goes, honesty is the best policy.
  1. (passive voice) To be said or be reported.
    Det sies at hun har flyttet. ― It is said that she has moved.
    - 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Fru Inger til Østråt, page 80:
      ingen anden mand er som han, siges der
      No other man is like him, it is said.
    - 1882, Alexander L. Kielland, Skipper Worse, page 186:
      han sagdes især at færdes nordpaa
      He was said to travel chiefly in the north.
4. To reveal, to divulge.
  Ikke si det til noen. ― Don't tell anyone.
  - 1884, Henrik Ibsen, Vildanden, page 136:
    å nej, du skal ikke sige noget, far!
    Oh no, you must not tell anyone, Father!
  - 1888, Henrik Ibsen, Fruen fra havet, page 161:
    jeg må sige dig alle mine tanker
    I must tell you all my thoughts.
  si det bort (colloquial) — “to give away a secret”.
  Du må love at du ikke sier det bort. ― You must promise that you won't give it away.
5. To predict, foretell, or portend.
  Det er vanskelig å si hvordan dette vil ende. ― It is difficult to predict how this will end.
  - 1874, Henrik Ibsen, De unges forbund, page 82:
    det er vanskeligt at sige [om han blir valgt]
    It is difficult to say [whether he will be elected].
  - 1895, Hans E. Kinck, Flaggermus-vinger, page 157:
    et og andet vift, som sa, at stormen kom
    An occasional gust which foretold the coming storm.
To tell someone to do something; to order, instruct, or prescribe.
Læreren sa at vi måtte vente ute. ― The teacher told us to wait outside.
- 1877, Henrik Ibsen, Samfundets støtter, page 99:
  Lona, du gør det ikke, siger jeg!
  Lona, you will not do it, I tell you!
- 1890, Henrik Ibsen, Hedda Gabler, page 153:
  du [skal] gøre, som jeg siger
  You [must] do as I say.
To mean, signify, or entail.
Hva vil det si å være myndig? ― What does it mean to be of legal age?
- 1895, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Over Ævne, volume II, page 144:
  hvad vil dette sige?
  What does this mean?
- 1897, Fridtjof Nansen, Fram over Polhavet, volume I, page 482:
  merke til gagns hvad det vil si at gå uden ski
  Fully experience what it means to walk without skis.
det vil si — “that is; in other words”, abbreviated dvs..
Vi møtes om en uke, det vil si neste torsdag. ― We'll meet in a week, that is, next Thursday.
- 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Peer Gynt, page 170:
  i Babylon jeg søger de rygtbare hængende haver og skøger, – det vil sige, de vigtigste spor af kultur
  In Babylon I seek the celebrated hanging gardens and harlots—that is to say, the chief traces of culture.
ha noe å si — “to matter; have significance or influence”.
Det har mye å si hvem som bestemmer. ― It matters a great deal who makes the decisions.
- 1874, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, En fallit, page 42:
  ingen har så meget at sige hos din far som du
  No one has as much influence with your father as you do.
- 1929, Ronald Fangen, Nogen unge mennesker, page 24:
  folk som har «noe at si»
  People who have “some influence”.

Usage notes

Si commonly introduces direct speech or an at clause. The recipient is normally introduced with til: Hun sa til meg at hun ville komme. ― She told me that she would come.
The regular present participle is siende. The lexicalized adjective sigende (“telling; significant”) preserves the older stem.
Older quotations may contain sige, siger, sagde and sig corresponding to modern si, sier, sa and imperative si.

Derived terms

avsi (“to pronounce, deliver a judgment; renounce”)
foresi (“to dictate, prompt”) (literary)
forutsi (“to predict, foretell”)
frasi (“to renounce, relinquish”) (with seg)
framsi, fremsi (“to recite, deliver”)
intetsigende (“meaningless, empty”)
megetsigende (“meaningful, telling”) (literary)
motsi (“to contradict”)
oppsi (“to recite; terminate; dismiss”) (obsolete)
selvsagt, sjølsagt (“self-evident; of course”)
sigende (“telling, significant”) (adjective)
tilsi (“to require; imply, indicate”)
utsi (“to state, express”)

Related terms

sigende (“report, statement”) (noun, literary)
unnsi (“to repudiate, disavow”) (literary)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Determiner

si f

feminine singular of sin

Pronoun

si f

feminine singular of sin

Etymology 3

Inherited from Old Norse síða (“side”), from Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ, a derivative of Proto-Germanic *sīdaz (“long, hanging down”). A variant of side.

Compare Norwegian Nynorsk side, Danish side, Swedish sida, Icelandic síða, Faroese síða, German Seite and English side (“side”).

Noun

si m (indeclinable)

Used in på si (“on the side; in addition”).
Hun studerer og har en liten jobb på si. ― She studies and has a small job on the side.

Han hadde en kjæreste på si. ― He had a lover on the side.
- 1952, Agnar Mykle, «Jeg er like glad», sa gutten, page 43:
  så var det dét at han hadde ei dame på si
  Then there was the fact that he had a woman on the side.
- 1954, Agnar Mykle, Lasso rundt fru Luna, page 93:
  på si, i sin fritid, hadde faren arbeidet med forskjellige ting
  On the side, in his spare time, his father had worked on various things.

Etymology 4

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:

Solmisasjon

Wikipedia ^no

Borrowed from Italian si, formed from the initials of Latin Sāncte Iohannēs (“Saint John”), the closing words of the first stanza of the hymn Ut queant laxis.

The first word is the vocative of sānctus (“holy”), from Proto-Italic *sanktos, a participle of *sankjō (“to consecrate”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k- (“to sanctify”). The second is a variant of Iōannēs, from Ancient Greek Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs), from Biblical Hebrew יוֹחָנָן (Yōḥānān, “John”).

Compare Norwegian Nynorsk si, Catalan si, French si, Portuguese si, Dutch si, Polish si and English si (“si, ti”).

Noun

si m (definite singular sien, indefinite plural sier, definite plural siene)

(music) si, ti; the seventh syllable or scale degree in solmization.
Det er en halvtone fra si til do. ― There is a semitone from si to do.
- 1999, Toril Brekke, Aske, page 109:
  det sang i henne … Evinnelige løp. De sang seg selv. Evinnelige uten halvtonen fra si til do
  There was singing inside her … Endless runs. They sang themselves. Endless, without the semitone from si to do.

Usage notes

In fixed-do solmization, si denotes B natural, called h in Norwegian letter notation. In movable-do solmization, it denotes the seventh degree of the major scale.

Synonyms

ti (“ti, the seventh solfège syllable”)

Coordinate terms

do (“do, the first solfège syllable”)
re (“re, the second solfège syllable”)
mi (“mi, the third solfège syllable”)
fa (“fa, the fourth solfège syllable”)
sol (“sol, the fifth solfège syllable”)
la (“la, the sixth solfège syllable”)

Etymology 5

Compare the first element of síþráðr (“loose thread of cattle hair”). Its further origin is uncertain.

Compare Norwegian Nynorsk si (“caulking fibres”).

Noun

si n (uncountable)

(dialectal, nautical, historical) caulking material made from loose fibres, such as unravelled rope, wool, or cattle hair, used to seal a wooden boat.
Båtbyggeren la si mellom bordene for å tette skroget. ― The boatbuilder placed caulking material between the planks to seal the hull.
- 2021 December 31, Irmelin Martens, “Ikke-agrare økonomiske virksomheter – viktige ledd i middelalderens økonomi: Var de uten konflikter?”, in Collegium Medievale‎^[9], volume 34, page 40:
  Ull og nauthår til «si», tettingsmaterialet mellom bordene, Ca. 900 meter i Gokstad.
  Wool and cattle hair for “caulking”, the sealing material between the planks, approximately 900 metres in the Gokstad ship.

References

^ Endre Mørck (2015), “Hovedtrekk ved akkusativ med infinitiv i mellomnorsk”, in Maal og Minne, number 2, pages 43–85, here page 60, example 24a, citing Diplomatarium Norvegicum I, number 657 (1418).
^ Det Norske Akademis ordbok, “si”, verb, sense 1.2.

“si” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“si” in Norwegian Academy Dictionary (NAOB).
“si – musikk” in Store norske leksikon.

Anagrams

-is, is, IS

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Determiner

si f

feminine singular of sin

Etymology 2

Acronym of Latin Sancte Ioannes, the phrase ending the hymn Ut queant laxis from earlier words of which the other notes of solfège were derived. A younger alteration, ti, allows for every note of the solfège to begin with a different letter.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /siː/
Homophone: sid

Noun

si m (definite singular si-en, indefinite plural si-ar, definite plural si-ane)

(music) si, a syllable used in seventh note of a major scale

Coordinate terms

(scale of solfège): do, re, mi, fa, so (or sol), la, ti (or si), do

Etymology 3

Akin to the first part of Old Norse síþráðr.

Noun

si n (definite singular siet, uncountable)

(collective, nautical, dated) tatters of rope used to stop leakage

Etymology 4

Doublet of side.

Noun

si ?

Used only idiomatically in the prepositional phrase på si.

Etymology 5

Clipping of sidan.

Adverb

si

References

“si” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

IS, is, SI, si-

Old English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /siː/
Rhymes: -iː

Verb

sī

alternative form of sīe

Old French

Alternative forms

se
s' (before a vowel)

Etymology 1

From Latin sic.

Adverb

si

so; thus; in such a way
- c. 1180, Chrétien de Troyes, Lancelot ou le Chevalier de la charrette:
  Si li a dit eneslepas
  So he said to him quickly

Descendants

French: si
Norman: si

Etymology 2

See se.

Conjunction

si

alternative form of se (if)

Old Galician-Portuguese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin sibi. Cognate with Old French sei and Old Spanish si.

Pronoun

si

oneself; herself; itself; himself; themselves (form of se used after prepositions)

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *sóder.

Proto-Italic *sei

Latin sī

Proto-Indo-European *ḱe

Proto-Italic *ke

Latin -ce

Latin sīce

Latin sīc

Old Galician-Portuguese si

Inherited from Latin sīc (“thus; so”).

Particle

si

yes (affirmatively)
Antonym: non
- a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 84 (facsimile):
  
  ſi ou non
  yes or no

Descendants

Fala: sí
Galician: si
Portuguese: sim

Old High German

Verb

sī

first/third-person singular present subjunctive of wesan

Old Irish

Pronoun

si

alternative spelling of sí (“she”)
alternative spelling of síi

Old Saxon

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Article

si

feminine nominative singular of sē

Declension

Declension of si
	singular			plural
	masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative	sē	that	si, sia	thē, thie
accusative	than, then	that	thē, thie	thē, thie
genitive	thēs	thēs	thēra	thēra
dative	thēm	thēm	thēra	thēm
instrumental	thiu, thia, thuo, thuru		—

Old Spanish

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

if (supposing that)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin sibi, from Proto-Indo-European *sébʰye, dative of *swé (“self”). Cognate with Old French sei and Old Galician-Portuguese si.

Pronoun

si

oneself; herself; itself; himself; themselves (form of se used after prepositions)

Etymology 3

Inherited from Latin sīc (est) (“thus”).

Particle

si

yea; aye; yes (commonly used to respond affirmatively to a question)
Antonym: no

Descendants

Ladino: si, סי
Spanish: si

References

Ralph Steele Boggs et al. (1946), “si”, in Tentative Dictionary of Medieval Spanish, volume II, Chapel Hill, page 469

Oromo

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsɪ/

Syllables - si, Count - 1
- Audio: (file)

Pronoun

si

you; the second-person singular object pronoun.
ani si arge.
I saw you.

Related terms

sii
siif

Pali

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sanskrit शी (śī).

Root

si

to lie down

Derived terms

Verbs

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit श्रि (śri).

Root

si

to rest on

Usage notes

The initial consonant tends to geminate after prefixes.

Derived terms

Verbs

nissayati

Non-present participles, gerundives, absolutives and infinitives

Nouns

nissaya

Etymology 3

Inherited from Sanskrit सि (si).

Root

si

to bind

Derived terms

Pali terms belonging to the root si (bind) (0 c, 3 e)

Papiamentu

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *sóder.

Proto-Italic *sei

Latin si

Spanish sider.

Portuguese seder.

Kabuverdianu sider.

Papiamentu si

Derived from Spanish si, Portuguese se, and Kabuverdianu si.

Conjunction

si

if
when

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Spanish síder.

Proto-Indo-European *sóder.

Proto-Italic *sei

Latin sī

Proto-Indo-European *ḱe

Proto-Italic *ke

Latin -ce

Latin sīce

Latin sīc

Old Galician-Portuguese si

Portuguese nãoinflu.

Portuguese miminflu.

Portuguese simder.

Kabuverdianu sider.

Papiamentu si

Derived from Spanish sí, Portuguese sim, and Kabuverdianu si.

Adverb

si

yes

Phrygian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱís.

Pronoun

si (nominative or accusative singular neuter)

this

Declension

Old Phrygian:

sin (acc. sg. m.)

New Phrygian:

σαν (san, acc. sg. f.)
σεμουν (semoun, dat. sg. m./n.)
σως (sōs, dat. pl. m.)

Polish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian sì.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -i
Syllabification: si

Noun

si n (indeclinable)

(music) si (seventh note of a major scale)

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱe

Proto-Indo-European *ís

Proto-Indo-European *ḱís

Proto-Balto-Slavic *śís

Proto-Slavic *sь

Old Polish si

Polish si

Inherited from Old Polish si, from Proto-Slavic *sь.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɕi/
Rhymes: -i
Syllabification: si

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Pronoun

si

(obsolete except in set phrases) this

Declension

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsi/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsi/

Audio (Portugal (Porto)): (file)
Rhymes: -i
Hyphenation: si

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese si, from Latin sibi, from Proto-Indo-European *sébʰye, dative of *swé (“self”). Cognate with French soi, Italian sé, Spanish sí.

Alternative forms

sy (obsolete)

Pronoun

si (reflexive)

(following a preposition) oneself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, yourselves, themselves

Etymology 2

From Latin Sancte Iohannes (“Saint John”) in the hymn for St. John the Baptist.

Noun

si m (plural sis)

si (musical note)

Coordinate terms

(C major scale) escala de dó maior; dó, ré, mi, fá, sol, lá, si

Etymology 3

Conjunction

si

eye dialect spelling of se, representing Brazil Portuguese

Etymology 4

Possibly borrowed from Spanish sí or a clipping of sim.

Interjection

si

(Rio Grande do Sul, informal, Internet slang) yes (affirmative answer)
Synonyms: see Thesaurus:sim

Quapaw

Etymology

Cognate with Assiniboine sihá, Dakota sihá, Lakota sí, Omaha-Ponca si, Hidatsa icí, Crow iché.

Noun

si

foot

References

Quapaw Tribe of Oklahoma (2017–), English to Quapaw Dictionary‎^[17]

Romagnol

Pronunciation

(Central Romagnol) IPA^(key): [ˈsiː]
- (Ville Unite):

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin sĕx (“six”).

Numeral

si m

six
Uj vö si dè. ― It takes six days.

Etymology 2

From the initial letters of Sancte + Iohannes, of the seventh verse of the hymn Ut queant laxis.

Noun

si m (plural si)

Si (musical note)

Etymology 3

Inherited from Latin sēbum (“tallow”).

Noun

si m (plural si)

tallow

References

Masotti, Adelmo (1996), Vocabolario Romagnolo Italiano [Romagnol-Italian dictionary] (in Italian), Bologna: Zanichelli, pages 584, 585

Romani

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

si

to be
there be
Used before an accusative personal pronoun to indicate possession.
Si la kale bala. ― She has black hair.

Usage notes

The personal pronoun is often omitted when si is used to mean "to be".
When a noun indicates the possessor, si follows the accusative case of the noun.

Conjugation

Conjugation of si
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	sem	san	si	sam	sen	si
	perfect	semas	sanas	sas	samas	senas	sas
	future	avava	avesa	avela	avasa	avena	avena
	imperfect	semas	sanas	sasas	samas	senas	sasas (sinesas)
	past perfect	avilemas	avilǎnas	avilǎsas	avilǎmas	avilenas	avilenas

infinitive		te avav / te ovav	te aves / te oves	te avel / te ovel	te avas / te ovas	te aven / te oven	te aven / te oven

subjunctive	present	avavas	avesas	avelas	avasas	avenas	avenas
subjunctive	past	avilemas	avilǎnas	avilǎsas	avilǎmas	avilenas	avilenas

imperative		—	av (ov)	—	—	aven (oven)	—

Derived terms

si te

References

Yūsuke Sumi (2018), ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 71

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian si.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Noun

si m (plural si)

(music) si (musical note B)

Declension

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	si	siul	si	sii
genitive-dative	si	siului	si	silor
vocative	siule		silor

Romansh

Alternative forms

(Sutsilvan, Surmiran) sen, se
(Puter, Vallader) sü

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin, Late Latin root sūsum, from Latin sūrsum.

Adverb

si

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan) up, upward, upwards

Sassarese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Etymology 1

From Latin se (“him-, her-, it-, themselves”, reflexive third-person pronoun). Cognate with Italian si, Portuguese si and se.

Alternative forms

s' (apocopic)
-ssi (enclitic)

Pronoun

si

(reflexive pronoun) oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves
La camìsgia si la pònini li manni ― Adults wear shirts (literally, “The adults put the shirt on themselves”)
(reciprocal pronoun) each other, one another
Eddi s'àmani ― They love each other
(indefinite) one, you, we, they, people
Lu zipressu si dizi "àiburu di campusantu" ― The cypress is called "graveyard tree"

Related terms

sóiu

Etymology 2

From Latin sī, from Proto-Italic *sei (“so, thus”) used in parataxis, likely via the meaning "in this" as the locative singular of Proto-Indo-European *só (“this, that”).

Conjunction

si

if
Si lu sai, dìmmiru! ― If you know, tell me! (literally, “If you know it, tell it to me!”)

References

Rubattu, Antoninu (2006), Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Savi

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit सेतु (setu).

Noun

si

bridge

References

Knobloch, Nina (2020), A grammar sketch of Sauji: An Indo-Aryan language of Afghanistan‎^[19], Stockholm: Stockholm University

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Pronoun

si ? (Cyrillic spelling си)

(reflexive) Replaces the dative of a personal pronoun when the subject is of the same person as the dative object; to oneself (clitic dative singular of sȅbe (“oneself”))
1. to myself
2. to yourself
3. to himself, herself, itself
4. to ourselves
5. to yourselves
6. to themselves
(reflexive, emphatic, possessive, dative) one's, of oneself (clitic dative singular of sebe (“one”))
Kako li je samo zaboravio gdje si je parkirao auto?
Just how did he forget where he parked his car?

Declension

Declension of si
	singular	plural
nominative	—	—
genitive	sȅbe, se	sȅbe
dative	sȅbi, si	sȅbi
accusative	sȅbe, se	sȅbe
vocative	—	—
locative	sȅbi	sȅbi
instrumental	sȍbōm	sȍbom

Verb

si (Cyrillic spelling си)

second-person singular present of bȉti

Usage notes

Sense 2 is limited to most Croatian dialects and the Torlakian/Prizren-Timok dialect. The Serbian and Bosnian standards discourage the usage of si as an empathic clitic and instead rely purely on sentence intonation.

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *esi.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/, [si]
Rhymes: -i

Verb

si

second-person singular present of byť: (you) are, (thou) art

Pronoun

si

dative of seba
Kupujem si topánky. ― I am buying me shoes.

Komu kupuješ topánky? Sebe. ― Whom are you buying shoes for? Myself.

Slovene

Pronunciation 1

IPA^(key): /sí/

Verb

sȉ

second-person singular present of bíti

Pronunciation 2

IPA^(key): /si/

Pronoun

si

dative singular of sébe

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *sóder.

Proto-Italic *sei

Latin si

Spanish si

Inherited from Latin si (“if”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/ [si]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -i
Syllabification: si
Homophone: sí

Conjunction

si

if, whether
- 2025 July 4, Allison Morrow, “Por qué la Cybertruck de Tesla ha sido un fracaso total”, in CNN en Español‎^[20]:
  Se podría estimar, entonces, que Tesla probablemente vendió entre 5.000 y 6.000 Cybertrucks en el segundo trimestre si las tendencias de consumo se mantuvieron estables.
  It could be estimated, then, that Tesla probably sold between 5,000 and 6,000 Cybertrucks in the second quarter if consumer trends remained stable.
(often after pero) points out something obvious, usually not translated
- 2026 December 24, u/bimbochungo, r/spain‎^[21] (Reddit post):
  Normal, si tener hijos es caro y los salarios son una basura. Y los horarios no ayudan...
  Well duh, having kids is expensive and wages are garbage. And the work hours don't help...
  Replying to a post titled "Spain runs out of children: there are 80,000 fewer than in 2023".

Derived terms

Sranan Tongo

Alternative forms

syi

Etymology

From English see or Dutch zien,^[1] both from Proto-West Germanic *sehwan.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /si/

Verb

si

to see
- 1975, “Basya Adyuku koni”, in Ursy M. Lichtveld, Jan Voorhoeve, editors, Creole drum. An Anthology of Creole Literature in Surinam‎^[22], New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 86:
  A krabdagu taki: - Angri e kiri mi ba. A di mi si yu e nyan, ne mi kon.
  The crab-eating raccoon said: 'I'm starving, brother. When I saw that you're eating, I came over immediately.
- 1985, “Mi Dren (I Shall Be Released)”, in Anne-Marie Hunsel (lyrics), Bob Dylan (music), Mi Dren (I Shall Be Released)‎^[23], performed by Anne-Marie Hunsel:
  Ini mi dren mi ben si / fa Srananman ben makandra / Ala buba ben kon na wan / Ke Masra, mi winsi a ben de tru
  In my dream, I saw / how the Surinamese were getting along / All races had united / Oh Lord, I wish it were true
- 1991, Ronald L. Pinas, Sranan kloroeboekoe [Surinamese colouring book]‎^[24], Paramaribo: Instituut voor Taalwetenschap (SIL), page 58:
  Nanka nanga Joeria gwe go onti ini a boesi. Den wani njan legwana meti tide. Den si wan kapelka, wan loiri nanga wan toekanfowroe. Joe kan jepi den foe feni wan legwana?
  [Nanka nanga Yuria gwe go onti ini a busi. Den wani nyan legwanameti tide. Den si wan kapelka, wan loiri nanga wan tukanfowru. Yu kan yepi den fu feni wan legwana?]
  Nanka and Yuria left to go hunting in the jungle. They want to eat iguana meat today. They see a butterfly, a sloth, and a toucan. Can you help them to find an iguana?

Descendants

Aukan: si
Saramaccan: si

References

^ Norval H.S. Smith (1987) The genesis of the Creole languages of Surinam (PhD)‎^[1], Universiteit van Amsterdam, page 25

Sumerian

Romanization

si

romanization of 𒋛

Swahili

Pronunciation

(Unguja standard) IPA^(key): /si/
Audio (Kenya): (file)

Verb

si

negative present (all persons, numbers, and classes) of -wa (“to not be”)

Verb

Other scripts
Ajami	ـسِ

-si

negative relative stem of -wa, -wapo, -wako, or -wamo
mtu asiye na maarifa ― a person without knowledge

Tagalog

Pronunciation

(Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /si/ [sɪ]
Rhymes: -i
Syllabification: si

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *si. Compare Central Bikol si, Cebuano si, Gorontalo ti, Hiligaynon si, Ilocano si, Kapampangan i, Pangasinan si, The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, and The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors.

Article

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Alternative forms

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Etymology 2

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, the English name of the letter The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors.

Noun

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Ternate

Adverb

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

first, firstly

References

Rika Hayami-Allen (2001). A Descriptive Study of the Language of Ternate, the Northern Moluccas, Indonesia. University of Pittsburgh.

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors.

Noun

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

sea
waves; breakers; swells

Turkish

Etymology

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Pronunciation

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Noun

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errorsThe time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors si The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errorsThe time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Etymology 1

From The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, from The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors. Cognate with The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors.

Noun

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors (classifier The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors) The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

certain plants of the The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors and The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors genera
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Etymology 2

From The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors.

Noun

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors (classifier The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors) The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors si, B

Etymology 3

Romanization

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Derived terms

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Volapük

Interjection

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

yes
- The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Waigali

Etymology

Borrowed from a descendant of The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors.

Pronunciation

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Noun

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors^[1]

lion

References

^ The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Walloon

Etymology

From The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, from The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors.

Pronunciation

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Conjunction

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

if

Welsh

Alternative forms

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Pronunciation

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Noun

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

murmur, hum
rumour

Derived terms

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Related terms

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Mutation

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Yoruba

Etymology 1

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Pronunciation

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Noun

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errorsThe time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Etymology 2

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Preposition

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errorsThe time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

to, at, toward The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Etymology 3

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors Compare with The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Verb

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errorsThe time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors to be far, to be distant

Etymology 4

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Verb

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errorsThe time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Etymology 5

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Conjunction

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errorsThe time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

and

Usage notes

Sì is solely used to join verbs/sentences and not nouns, for which The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors is used. Additionally, when sì is used, the subject of each verb must be specified.

Mo jó, mo kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́, mo sì kọ lẹ́tà. – I danced, studied, and wrote a letter.
Wọn kò fẹ́ ṣiṣẹ́, wọn kò sì fẹ́ ṣeré. – They don't want to work or play.

Zhuang

Etymology

From The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors.

Pronunciation

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Noun

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

city
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Zou

Etymology 1

From The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, from The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors.

Pronunciation

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Noun

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

blood

Etymology 2

From The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors, from The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors.

Pronunciation

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

Verb

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors to die

References

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors
The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

[1] Orel, Vladimir (1998), “si”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 395

[2] Schumacher, Stefan; Matzinger, Joachim (2013), Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 225

[dipi-3] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 “si” in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

[4] “si” in Bruno Migliorini et al., Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia, Rai Eri, 2025

[5] “si” in Bruno Migliorini et al., Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia, Rai Eri, 2025

[6] Zhang, Shuya; Jacques, Guillaume; Lai, Yunfan (2019), “A study of cognates between Gyalrong languages and Old Chinese”, in Journal of Language Relationship, volume 17, number 1, →DOI, page 89 of 73–92

[7] Zhang, Shuya; Jacques, Guillaume; Lai, Yunfan (2019), “A study of cognates between Gyalrong languages and Old Chinese”, in Journal of Language Relationship, volume 17, number 1, →DOI, page 85 of 73–92

[8] Jacques, Guillaume (2014), Esquisse de phonologie et de morphologie historique du tangoute, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 100

[Folkmasa-9] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 “si”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola [Treasury of the Judeo-Spanish Language] (in Ladino, Hebrew, and English), Instituto Maale Adumim

[10] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “sī, sīc”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561

[11] Endre Mørck (2015), “Hovedtrekk ved akkusativ med infinitiv i mellomnorsk”, in Maal og Minne, number 2, pages 43–85, here page 60, example 24a, citing Diplomatarium Norvegicum I, number 657 (1418).

[12] Det Norske Akademis ordbok, “si”, verb, sense 1.2.

[13] Norval H.S. Smith (1987) The genesis of the Creole languages of Surinam (PhD)‎^[1], Universiteit van Amsterdam, page 25

[NEL-14] The time allocated for running Lua modules has expired. More information: Wiktionary:Lua timeout errors

[1]

[2]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[1]

[1]

[1]

[2]

[1]

[1]

			nominative		atonic (clitic)¹¹						tonic¹²
			nominative		accusative / dative-reflexive	accusative	dative		locative	partitive	prepositional-reflexive	oblique
singular
	first		io		mi, m', -mi, me⁹				―		―	me
	second		tu		ti, t', -ti, te⁹							te
	second formal / polite⁵		Lei, Ella⁸		―	La, -La, L'	Le, -Le					Lei
	third	m	lui, egli,⁸ ello,⁸ elli,^{3, 8} esso⁸		si,⁶ s', -si, se,⁹ ci¹³	lo, l', -lo, il⁴	glie⁹	gli, -gli, il⁴	ci, c', vi,¹ v'¹	ne, n'	sé	lui, esso⁸
	third	f	lei, ella,⁸ essa⁸		si,⁶ s', -si, se,⁹ ci¹³	la, l', -la	glie⁹	le, -le, gli,² -gli²	ci, c', vi,¹ v'¹	ne, n'	sé	lei, essa⁸
plural
	first		noi		ci, c', -ci, ce,⁹ ne,⁴ n'⁴				―		―	noi
	second		voi, Voi⁷		vi, Vi,⁷ v', V',⁷ -vi, -Vi,⁷ ve⁹							voi, Voi⁷
	second formal / polite⁵		Loro		―	Le, -Le	Loro¹⁰					Loro
	third	m	loro	elli,^{3, 8} ellino,^{4, 8} eglino,^{4, 8} essi⁸	si, s', -si, se⁹	li, -li	loro,¹⁰ gli,² -gli,² glie⁹		ci, c', vi,¹ v'¹	ne, n'	sé	loro	essi⁸
	third	f	loro	elle,^{3, 8} elleno,^{4, 8} esse⁸	si, s', -si, se⁹	le, -le	loro,¹⁰ gli,² -gli,² glie⁹		ci, c', vi,¹ v'¹	ne, n'	sé	loro	elle,⁸ esse⁸

	singular	plural
1st person	si	denaxwnh, xwnh
2nd person	nenh	nwxwnh, ywxwnh
3rd person human	eyenh, yexwnh	exdenh
Reflexive/emphatic	edenh	exdenh
3rd person non-human	eyi

Esperanto personal pronouns
		nominative	accusative	possessive	nominative	accusative	possessive
		singular			plural
first person		mi	min	mia	ni	nin	nia
second person	formal	vi	vin	via	vi	vin	via
second person	familiar¹	ci	cin	cia	vi	vin	via
third person	masculine	li	lin	lia	ili iŝi²	ilin iŝin²	ilia iŝia²
	feminine	ŝi	ŝin	ŝia
	neuter	ĝi	ĝin	ĝia
	gender-neutral²	ri ŝli	rin ŝlin	ria ŝlia
	reflexive	si	sin	sia	si	sin	sia
indefinite		oni	onin	onia	oni	onin	onia

Translingual

Etymology

Symbol

See also

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Translations

See also

Anagrams

Akan

Verb

Derived terms

Albanian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adverb

Derived terms

See also

References

Further reading

Alemannic German

Etymology 1

Pronoun

Declension

Etymology 2

Pronoun

Declension

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

Determiner

Declension

Etymology 4

Alternative forms

Verb

References

Asturian

Etymology

Conjunction

Bahnar

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Bambara

Noun

Descendants

Bavarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Pronoun

See also

Belizean Creole

Etymology

Verb

References

Catalan

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Conjunction

See also

Etymology 2

Noun

Etymology 3

Noun

See also

Etymology 4

Pronoun

Usage notes

Declension

See also

See also

Central Bikol

Etymology

Pronunciation

Article

See also

Central Franconian

Alternative forms