lui

See also: Appendix:Variations of "lui"

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Luiseño or Spanish luiseño.

Symbol

lui

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Luiseño.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Luiseño terms

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• a lui

Etymology

From Late Latin illūi, which is a form of Latin illī (dative singular of ille). Compare Romanian lui.

Pronoun

lui m (genitive form of el, feminine equivalent ljei, plural lor)

1. his

Pronoun

lui m ((long/stressed) dative form of el, feminine equivalent ljei, plural lor)

1. to him

Usage notes

It is always preceded by 'a'- "a lui".

See also

Aromanian personal pronouns

number	person		nominative	tonic		clitic
				accusative	dative	accusative	dative
singular
	1st		iou	mini	mie	mi	nji
	2nd		tu	tini	tsãie	ti	tsã
	3rd	m	el / nãs	el	lui	ãl	ãlj
		f	ea / nãsã	ea	ljei	u
plural
	1st		noi	noi	noauã	nã
	2nd		voi	voi	voauã	vã
	3rd	m	elj / nãsh	elj	lor	ãlj	lã
		f	eali / nãsi	eali		li

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lœy̯/

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch loy, from Proto-Germanic *lujaz. further etymology unsure. May be cognate with the Old Norse adjective lúinn (“exhausted”). Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewH- (“to cut off, separate, free”), source of Proto-Germanic *lausaz, Albanian lirë.

Adjective

lui (comparative luier, superlative luist)

1. lazy

Declension

Declension of lui
uninflected	lui
inflected	luie
comparative	luier
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		lui	luier	het luist het luiste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	luie	luiere	luiste
	n. sing.	lui	luier	luiste
	plural	luie	luiere	luiste
definite		luie	luiere	luiste
partitive		luis	luiers	—

Derived terms

• liever lui dan moe
• luiaard
• luibak
• luie donder
• luie stoel
• luierik
• luiheid
• luilak
• luilap
• luilekker
• luiwammes
• luizak

Descendants

• Berbice Creole Dutch: loi
• Negerhollands: lui, loi, looje

Etymology 2

Short form of luiden, a variant of lieden. Intervocalic loss of -d- is common in Dutch: compare weer/weder, mui/muide, leer/leder, and so forth.

Noun

lui pl (plural only, diminutive luitjes n)

1. alternative form of lieden

Descendants

• Petjo: lui, luitjes

Anagrams

• uil

Esperanto

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *stel-der.?

Proto-Italic *s(t)lokos

Old Latin stlocus

Latin locus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin locō

Old French loer

French louerbor.

Esperanto lui

Borrowed from French louer. Etymologically related to loko.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlui/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ui
• Syllabification: lu‧i

Verb

lui (present luas, past luis, future luos, conditional luus, volitive luu)

1. (transitive) to rent

Conjugation

Conjugation of lui

		present		past		future
		singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
tense		luas		luis		luos
active participle		luanta	luantaj	luinta	luintaj	luonta	luontaj
	acc.	luantan	luantajn	luintan	luintajn	luontan	luontajn
passive participle		luata	luataj	luita	luitaj	luota	luotaj
	acc.	luatan	luatajn	luitan	luitajn	luotan	luotajn
nominal active participle		luanto	luantoj	luinto	luintoj	luonto	luontoj
	acc.	luanton	luantojn	luinton	luintojn	luonton	luontojn
nominal passive participle		luato	luatoj	luito	luitoj	luoto	luotoj
	acc.	luaton	luatojn	luiton	luitojn	luoton	luotojn
adverbial active participle		luante		luinte		luonte
adverbial passive participle		luate		luite		luote
		infinitive	lui	imperative	luu	conditional	luus

Derived terms

• luanto
• ludoni
• luebla
• luiganto
• luigi
• luo
• vicluigi

Further reading

• “lui”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “lui”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Franco-Provençal

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin illui.

Pronoun

lui m (ORB, broad)

1. him (third-person singular masculine dative or tonic)

See also

Franco-Provençal personal pronouns

			nominative	accusative	dative	tonic1	possessive2
singular	1st person		jo	mè			min
	2nd person		te	tè			tin
	3rd person	masculine	il	lo / le	lui		sin
		feminine	el	la	lyé
		neuter	o		y	—
		reflexive	—	sè
plural	1st person		nos				noutro
	2nd person		vos				voutro
	3rd person	masculine	ils	los / les	lor		lor
		feminine	els	les	lor / lyés
		reflexive	—	sè

¹ Disjunctive or object of a preposition.   ² Generally preceded by a definite article.

References

• lui in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɥi/
• (Belgium) IPA^(key): /lwi/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (France):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -i, -ɥi, -wi

Etymology 1

Inherited from Late Latin illui.

Pronoun

lui m

1. him, he, it; the third-person masculine singular personal pronoun used after a preposition, or as the predicate of a linking verb, or when disjoined from a sentence, or as a stressed subject

   Synonym: (argot) cézigue

   J'habitais avec lui.

   I was living with him.

   C'est lui qui a dit cela.

   It was him who said that.

   Lui, il n'en sait rien.

   He doesn't know anything about it.

   Suite à la mort de ses parents, ses deux sœurs sont prises en charge par des cousins; lui se retrouve à la capitale chez un oncle.

   When his parents died, his two sisters were taken in by cousins; [as for him,] he ended up in the capital living with an uncle.

   • 1873, Alphonse Daudet, Contes du Lundi, La Dernière Classe:

     Je crois aussi que je n'avais jamais si bien écouté, et que lui non plus n'avait jamais mis autant de patience à ses explications.

     I believe also that I had never listened so well, and that neither had he ever put so much patience into his explanations.

Derived terms

• lui-même

Descendants

• Guianese Creole: li
• Haitian Creole: li

Pronoun

lui m or f

1. him, her; the third-person singular personal pronoun used as an indirect object

   Je lui ai donné le livre.

   I gave the book to him/her.

Related terms

French personal pronouns

number	person	gender	nominative (subject)	accusative (direct complement)	dative (indirect complement)	locative (at)	genitive (of)	disjunctive (tonic)1	emphatic reflexive
singular	first	—	je, j’	me, m’		—	—	moi	moi-même
	second	—	tu	te, t’		—	—	toi	toi-même
	third	masculine	il2	le, l’	lui	y	en	lui	lui-même
		feminine	elle	la, l’				elle	elle-même
		indeterminate	on3, l’on (formal), ce4, c’, ça	—	—	—	—	—	—
		reflexive	—	se, s’5		—	—	soi	soi-même
plural	first	—	nous	nous		—	—	nous	nous-mêmes
	second6	—	vous	vous		—	—	vous	vous-mêmes, vous-même6
	third	masculine	ils7	les	leur	y	en	eux7	eux-mêmes7
		feminine	elles					elles	elles-mêmes

¹ The disjunctive (tonic) forms are also used after an explicit preposition (de/d’, à, pour, chez, dans, vers, sur, sous, ...), instead the accusative, dative, genitive, locative, or reflexive forms, where a preposition is implied.
² Il is also used as an impersonal nominative-only pronoun.
³ On can also function as a first person plural (although agreeing with third person singular verb forms).
⁴ The nominal indeterminate form ce (demonstrative) can also be used with the auxiliary verb être as a plural, instead of the proximal or distal gendered forms.
⁵ The reflexive third person singular forms (se or s’) for accusative or dative are also used as third person plural reflexive.
⁶ Vous is also used as the polite singular form, in which case the plural disjunctive tonic vous-mêmes becomes singular vous-même.
⁷ Ils, eux and eux-mêmes are also used when a group has a mixture of masculine and feminine members.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Participle

lui (intransitive, hence invariable)

1. past participle of luire

References

• “lui”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Friulian

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin illui.

Pronoun

lui

1. he
2. you (formal)

See also

Friulian personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		jo	nô
2nd person	familiar	tu	vô
	polite	lui, jê	lôr
3rd person	m	lui,	lôr
	f	jê	lôr

Italian

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin illui.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈluj/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uj
• Hyphenation: lùi

Pronoun

lui (plural loro, feminine lei)

1. he

   Synonym: egli

2. (disjunctive) him
3. it
   • 1472, Giusto de’ Conti, La bella mano, Giannalberto Tumermani (1750), page 122:

     Il cor meco s’adira, ed io con lui.

     My heart gets angry with me, and I with it.

   • 2000, Gianfranco Liori, Come un fumetto giapponese, Giunti, published 2008, page 64:

     Cercai il mio portafogli dentro lo zaino, ma era sparito anche lui e tutti i soldi che c’erano dentro.

     I looked for my wallet in the backpack, but it had disappeared as well, along with all the money inside.

See also

Italian personal pronouns

			nominative		atonic (clitic)11						tonic12
					accusative / dative-reflexive	accusative	dative		locative	partitive	prepositional-reflexive	oblique
singular
	first		io		mi, m', -mi, me9				―		―	me
	second		tu		ti, t', -ti, te9							te
	second formal / polite5		Lei, Ella8		―	La, -La, L'	Le, -Le					Lei
	third	m	lui, egli,8 ello,8 elli,3, 8 esso8		si,6 s', -si, se,9 ci13	lo, l', -lo, il4	glie9	gli, -gli, il4	ci, c', vi,1 v'1	ne, n'	sé	lui, esso8
		f	lei, ella,8 essa8			la, l', -la		le, -le, gli,2 -gli2				lei, essa8
plural
	first		noi		ci, c', -ci, ce,9 ne,4 n'4				―		―	noi
	second		voi, Voi7		vi, Vi,7 v', V',7 -vi, -Vi,7 ve9							voi, Voi7
	second formal / polite5		Loro		―	Le, -Le	Loro10					Loro
	third	m	loro	elli,3, 8 ellino,4, 8 eglino,4, 8 essi8	si, s', -si, se9	li, -li	loro,10 gli,2 -gli,2 glie9		ci, c', vi,1 v'1	ne, n'	sé	loro	essi8
		f		elle,3, 8 elleno,4, 8 esse8		le, -le							elle,8 esse8

¹ Formal.
² Informal.
³ Archaic.
⁴ Obsolete or literary.
⁵ Grammatically third person forms used semantically in the second person as a formal or polite way of addressing someone (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
⁶ Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
⁷ Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).
⁸ Traditional grammars still indicate the forms egli (animate), ello / ella (animate), esso / essa and their plurals as the nominative forms of the third person pronouns; outside of very formal or archaizing contexts, all such forms have been replaced by the obliques lui, lei, loro.
⁹ Forms used when followed by a third-person direct object proclitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).
¹⁰ Used after verbs.
¹¹ Unstressed forms, stand alone forms are found proclitically (except dative loro / Loro), others enclitically (-mi, -ti, etc.).
¹² Disjunctive, emphatic oblique forms used as direct objects placed after verbs (or before them, chiefly in literary Italian), in exclamations, along prepositions (prepositional) and some adverbs (come, quanto, etc.); also used with a to create alternative emphatic dative forms.
¹³ Only in "ci si", replaces indefinite si (“one”) before reflexive si (“oneself”).

References

• “lui”, in Vocabolario Treccani on line (in Italian), Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2026

Anagrams

• ulì

Kambera

Verb

lui

1. (intransitive) to melt
2. (intransitive) to dissolve

Derived terms

• palui

References

• Marian Klamer (1998), A Grammar of Kambera, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 179

Latin

Noun

luī

1. dative singular of luēs

Pronoun

lui (Early Medieval Latin)

1. alternative form of illui

Verb

luī

1. first-person singular perfect active indicative of luō

References

• "lui", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Mizo

Etymology 1

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *luuy, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lwi(y).

Noun

lui

1. river

Etymology 2

Verb

lui (stem II luih)

1. to do intentionally, on purpose

Usage notes

• Used only as the final verb of a serial verb construction.

Further reading

• Lorrain, J. Herbert (1940), “lui”, in Dictionary of the Lushai language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society

Romanian

Alternative forms

• лꙋ́и — pre-1860s Cyrillic spelling
• луй (lui) — post-1930s Cyrillic spelling
• lu, lu’ — informal

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin illūi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /luj/, (informal) /lu/

• Audio (male voice):

  (file)

• Audio (female voice):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uj, -u
• Hyphenation: lui

Pronoun

lui m (genitive form of el, feminine equivalent ei, plural lor)

1. his

   Synonym: său

   Ai cartea lui?

   Do you have his book?

Declension

lui is invariable – it stays the same no matter the gender, number (singular/plural) or case of the thing that is possessed.

Pronoun

lui m (stressed dative form of el, feminine equivalent ei, plural lor)

1. (indirect object, third-person singular) to him

   Synonym: (unstressed form) îi

See also

Romanian personal pronouns

number	person			nominative	stressed		unstressed
					accusative	dative	accusative	dative
singular
	1st			eu	mine	mie	mă	îmi
	2nd	plain		tu	tine	ție	te	îți
		semi-polite		dumneata		dumitale
		polite		dumneavoastră			vă
	3rd	plain	m	el	e	lui	îl	îi
			f	ea		ei	o
		polite	m	dumnealui			îl
			f	dumneaei			o
plural
	1st			noi		nouă	ne
	2nd	plain		voi		vouă	vă
		polite		dumneavoastră
	3rd	plain	m	ei		lor	îi	le
			f	ele			le
		polite	m	dumnealor			îi
			f				le

Article

lui

2. genitive/dative article for proper names designating people that morphologically don't permit a suffix

   Casa lui Carmen.

   Carmen's house.

   Asta nu-i place lui Bogdan.

   Bogdan doesn't like this.

Usage notes

Whereas singular masculine proper names always form the genitive and dative using the preposed lui, feminine ones only do so when the specific name doesn't have a genitive/dative form itself: casa lui Carmen but casa Mariei. This rule is ignored by many in informal situations and lui is used with feminine names either way.

Related terms

• -lui

Further reading

• “lui”, in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language) (in Romanian), 2004–2026

Spanish

Verb

lui

1. inflection of luir:
   1. first-person singular preterite indicative
   2. second-person singular voseo imperative

Uneapa

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *ruyuŋ with irregular l, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duyuŋ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lui/

Noun

lui

1. dugong

Further reading

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*duyuŋ₂”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010–), “*duyuŋ₂”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [luj˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [luj˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [luj˧˧]

Verb

lui • (𫩍 - 𨙝, 𬰉, 𨆢)

1. to step back; to recede; to move backward; to retreat
2. to (fall, look, think) back
3. (of disease, anger, etc.) to abate; to decrease
4. (rare) synonym of lùi (“to postpone”)

Related terms

• lùi

See also

• lui tới
• rút lui
• thoái lui