Category Python Programming Examples

Small games make Python easier to understand because every branch changes something you can see, such as a score, a hidden word, or the next turn. I re-ran all seven on CPython 3.14.7, feeding each one a scripted sequence that…

Python prints very small floats in scientific notation, like 1e-05 instead of 0.00001. The decimal form comes back with the right format specifier, in your output and in the files you write. Where the exponent form comes from Python stores…

Define a custom contains method on your own class and the in operator will call it instead of scanning anything. Print one line inside that method and you can watch Python delegate every membership check, which is the whole mechanism…

NameError is common in Python, and it is usually easy to fix once you slow down and read what the traceback is telling you. I hit it often while coding, especially on larger codebases where functions, imports, and helper names…

Python raises a TypeError when a function call passes a keyword argument the function’s signature does not accept. The traceback names the offending argument so you can fix the call site, the function definition, or both. An unexpected keyword argument…

A keylogger records every keystroke a user types. The Python implementation below uses pynput to capture keys and the standard logging module to persist them. A minimal Python keylogger uses pynput.keyboard.Listener to hook the OS keyboard event stream and the…

Random colors are a small exercise with a surprisingly wide footprint. They show up in test fixtures, data visualization placeholders, avatar generators, and the first 20 minutes of any Python graphics tutorial. Below are five ways to generate a random…

Last quarter I had to plan a 12-stop delivery loop and the route my gut picked came out 38% longer than the version a small Python script returned in under a second. That gap is the travelling salesman problem (TSP):…

I had a fresh install of macOS Sequoia and typed python3 in a fresh shell. The system found one, ran my script, and returned a version. So far so good. Then I asked the script for sys.executable, and the answer…

I tried to write a++ in Python once and got a SyntaxError pointing at the second plus. The fix was simple, but the explanation was not, and the answer to why Python chose not to ship an increment operator is…