吃
See also: 喫
| ||||||||
Translingual
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character
[edit]吃 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, Cangjie input 口人弓 (RON), four-corner 68017, composition ⿰口乞)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 174, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3280
- Dae Jaweon: page 387, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 579, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5403
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kɯd): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 乞 (OC *kʰɯds, *kʰɯd) – "to stutter".
The phonetic component could add part of the meaning since it has the phonetically borrowed meaning of "begging" (i.e., trying to talk but with difficulties).
According to folk etymologies, 乞 in this character indicates that, while stuttering, less air comes from the mouth (compare 气, which has more trails). However, this is incorrect. 乞 is simply a variant of 气, originally meaning "air" and later borrowed to indicate "begging". The sense of eat may originally have been written 喫.
Etymology 1
[edit]| trad. | 吃/喫 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 吃 | |
| alternative forms | 吔 (jaak3) Cantonese | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ci2
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): chǐ
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): chii̊q
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чы (čɨ, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qiah6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ceh4
- Eastern Min (BUC): kék
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cih7 / ke4
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): hiak2
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang
- (Changsha, Wiktionary): qia6 / qi6
- (Loudi, Wiktionary): qio2 / qi2
- (Hengyang, Wiktionary): qia6 / qi6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: chī
- Zhuyin: ㄔ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chih
- Wade–Giles: chʻih1
- Yale: chr̄
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chy
- Palladius: чи (či)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɻ̩⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ci2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: c
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɹ̩²¹/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: chǐ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɻ̩²¹/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: chii̊q
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): chiiq5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɻ̩ʔ⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чы (čɨ, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɻ̩²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hek3 / jaak3
- Yale: hek / yaak
- Cantonese Pinyin: hek8 / jaak8
- Guangdong Romanization: hég3 / yag3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɛːk̚³/, /jaːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: jaak3 - colloquial.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hiak1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiak̚³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qiah6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵/
- (Nanchang)
Note: Often written as 喫.
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet
- Hakka Romanization System: kiedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat
- Hakka Romanization System: kiadˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: kied
- Sinological IPA: /kʰiet⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ceh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kék
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cih7
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chi̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiʔ⁴/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ke4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ka̤̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰe⁴²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khek
- Tâi-lô: khik
- Phofsit Daibuun: qeg
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiak
- Tâi-lô: khiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: qiag
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khài
- Tâi-lô: khài
- Phofsit Daibuun: qaix
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kʰai²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gut
- Tâi-lô: gut
- Phofsit Daibuun: gud
- Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡut̚³²/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡut̚⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngeg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngṳk
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɯk̚²/
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: kieg4
- Sinological IPA: /kʰiek̚⁵/
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: hiak2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiɐk̚³³/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
- Wugniu: 7chiq
- MiniDict: chih入
- MiniDict: chieh入
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 4qiq
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁴³/
- Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡ɕʰieʔ⁴⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵⁵/
- (Northern: Songjiang)
- (Northern: Hangzhou, Ningbo)
- (Northern: Zhoushan)
- (Jinhua)
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
Note:
- Ningbo, Zhoushan:
- 7chioq/7chiuq - vernacular (“to eat, to drink”);
- 7chiq - literary (e.g. 吃力).
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: qia6 / qi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯a̠²⁴/, /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
- (Changsha)
Note:
- qia6 - vernacular;
- qi6 - literary.
- (Loudi)
- Wiktionary: qio2 / qi2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɔ¹³/, /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Note:
- qio2 - vernacular;
- qi2 - literary.
- (Hengyang)
- Wiktionary: qia6 / qi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ä²²/, /t͡ɕʰi²²/
Note:
- qia6 - vernacular;
- qi6 - literary.
- Dialectal data
Definitions
[edit]吃
- to eat; to consume
- 他很喜歡吃飯。／他很喜欢吃饭。 ― Tā hěn xǐhuān chīfàn. ― He loves to eat.
- 你吃飯了嗎？／你吃饭了吗？ ― Nǐ chīfàn le ma? ― Have you eaten? (also a greeting)
- 你吃過飯嗎？／你吃过饭吗？ ― Nǐ chī guò fàn ma? ― Have you eaten? (also a greeting)
- traditional, “排排坐” (children's song):
- to absorb (a liquid)
- to swallow up; to absorb; to annex
- to live on
- to suffer; to endure; to bear
- to exhaust; to be a strain
- to comprehend; to grasp (the subtext)
- to drink
- (board games) to capture
- (mahjong) to chow
- to accept
- 2023, “我的世界地圖”, 黃偉文 [Wyman Wong] (lyrics), 王菀之 [Ivana Wong] (music)[1]performed by 魏浚笙 [Jeffrey Ngai]:
- 年輕一輩 如果只吃前人預設那一套 再沒前路 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
- nin4 hing1 jat1 bui3, jyu4 gwo2 zi2 hek3 cin4 jan4 jyu6 cit3 naa5 jat1 tou3, zoi3 mut6 cin4 lou6 [Jyutping]
- If the younger generation simply accepts the default methods of those who came before, there will be no more future ahead
年轻一辈 如果只吃前人预设那一套 再没前路 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
- (dialectal) to smoke; to inhale; to take in
- (early modern Wu) because
Usage notes
[edit]- In Cantonese, 食 (sik6) is the most common term for "eating" and 吔 (jaak3) is considered less polite than the former.
- When playing mahjong, a player may say this word as a call when forming a chow on another player's discard.
Synonyms
[edit]- (to eat): 食用 (shíyòng)
Dialectal synonyms of 吃 (“to eat”) [map]
- 充任 (chōngrèn)
- 充作 (chōngzuò) (of an unqualified person or thing)
- 充當 / 充当 (chōngdāng)
- 坐底 (Hokkien)
- 坐投 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
- 坐擔 / 坐担 (Hokkien)
- 坐斗 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 承受 (chéngshòu)
- 承擔 / 承担 (chéngdān)
- 承當 / 承当 (chéngdāng)
- 接載 / 接载 (Hokkien)
- 擔 / 担 (dān)
- 擔任 / 担任 (dānrèn)
- 擔待 / 担待 (dāndài)
- 擔承 / 担承 (dānchéng)
- 擔當 / 担当 (dāndāng)
- 擔硩 / 担硩 (Xiamen Hokkien, Quanzhou Hokkien)
- 擔負 / 担负 (dānfù)
- 擔責承 / 担责承 (Hokkien)
- 擔領 / 担领 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 稟受 / 禀受 (bǐngshòu) (literary)
- 肩 (jiān)
- 肩負 / 肩负 (jiānfù)
- 負擔 / 负担 (fùdān)
- 負荷 / 负荷 (fùhè)
- 食坐 (Hokkien)
- 食擔 / 食担 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- (to swallow up):
- (to exhaust):
- 枯竭 (kūjié) (figurative)
- 消費 / 消费 (xiāofèi) (money)
- 用光 (yòngguāng)
- 用掉 (yòngdiào)
- 用盡 / 用尽 (yòngjìn)
- 破 (pò)
- 破費 / 破费 (pòfèi) (polite, money)
- 窮盡 / 穷尽 (qióngjìn)
- 竭盡 / 竭尽 (jiéjìn)
- 絕 / 绝 (jué)
- 耗盡 / 耗尽 (hàojìn)
- 耗費 / 耗费 (hàofèi)
- 致 (zhì) (literary, or in compounds)
- 花費 / 花费
- 開使用 / 开使用 (Min Nan, expenses)
- 開支 / 开支 (kāizhī) (money)
- 開用 / 开用 (Min Nan, expenses)
- 開舉 / 开举 (Min Nan, expenses)
- 開銷 / 开销 (kāixiāo) (expenses)
- (to comprehend):
- 了解 (liǎojiě)
- 佔有 / 占有 (zhànyǒu)
- 分曉 / 分晓 (fēnxiǎo)
- 參悟 / 参悟 (cānwù)
- 悟 (wù) (literary, or in compounds)
- 懂 (dǒng)
- 懂得 (dǒngde)
- 打生 (Wenzhounese)
- 把握 (bǎwò)
- 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
- 明 (ming4) (Cantonese)
- 明白 (míngbai)
- 明瞭 / 明了 (míngliǎo)
- 曉得 / 晓得 (xiǎode)
- 會悟 / 会悟 (huìwù) (literary)
- 洞悉 (dòngxī)
- 清亮 (qīngliàng) (mainland China)
- 清楚 (qīngchu)
- 熟似 (Hokkien)
- 熟悉 (shúxī)
- 熟稔 (shúrěn) (literary)
- 熟識 / 熟识 (shúshí)
- 理會 / 理会 (lǐhuì)
- 理解 (lǐjiě)
- 瞭悟 / 了悟 (liǎowù) (literary)
- 知影 (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 知悉 (zhīxī) (literary)
- 知曉 / 知晓 (zhīxiǎo)
- 知識 / 知识 (zhīshí) (literary)
- 知道
- 覺 / 觉 (jué)
- 覺悟 / 觉悟 (juéwù)
- 覺醒 / 觉醒 (juéxǐng)
- 認識 / 认识 (rènshi)
- 諳曉 / 谙晓 (ānxiǎo) (literary)
- 諳達 / 谙达 (āndá) (literary)
- 貫通 / 贯通 (guàntōng)
- 通曉 / 通晓 (tōngxiǎo)
- 通解 (tōngjiě) (literary)
- 通達 / 通达 (tōngdá)
- 達 / 达 (dá) (literary, or in compounds)
- 醒悟 (xǐngwù)
- 開悟 / 开悟 (kāiwù) (literary)
- 領悟 / 领悟 (lǐngwù)
- 領會 / 领会 (lǐnghuì)
- 領略 / 领略 (lǐnglüè)
- (to drink):
- (to capture):
Dialectal synonyms of 吃 (“(board games) to capture”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吃 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吃 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 吃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 吃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吃 |
| Guilin | 吃 | |
| Liuzhou | 吃 | |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 食1 |
| Taishan | 吃 | |
| Nanning | 食1 | |
| Wuzhou | 食1 | |
| Yulin | 吃 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 吃 | |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 吃 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 食1 |
| Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 食1 | |
| Luchuan (Daqiao) | 食1 | |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 食3 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 食3 |
| Leizhou | 食3 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 吃 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 吃 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吃 |
- (to chow):
Dialectal synonyms of 吃 (“to chow (mahjong)”) [map]
- (to smoke):
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “to comprehend”):
Descendants
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 一雞三吃 / 一鸡三吃
- 一魚兩吃 / 一鱼两吃
- 不吃虧 / 不吃亏
- 中吃
- 倒吃甘蔗
- 偷吃 (tōuchī)
- 叫吃
- 吃一塹，長一智 / 吃一堑，长一智 (chī yī qiàn, zhǎng yī zhì)
- 吃一看二
- 吃一驚 / 吃一惊 (chīyījīng)
- 吃不下
- 吃不上
- 吃不了
- 吃不了，兜著走 (chī bùliǎo dōu zhe zǒu)
- 吃不住 (chībùzhù)
- 吃不來 / 吃不来 (chībulái)
- 吃不到
- 吃不動 / 吃不动
- 吃不好
- 吃不得
- 吃不慣 / 吃不惯
- 吃不服 (chībufú)
- 吃不消 (chībùxiāo)
- 吃不起
- 吃不透
- 吃不開 / 吃不开 (chībukāi)
- 吃主
- 吃乾醋 / 吃干醋
- 吃乾飯 / 吃干饭 (chī gānfàn)
- 吃了秤砣
- 吃交
- 吃人 (chīrén)
- 吃人兒的 / 吃人儿的
- 吃人家的嘴軟，拿人家的手短 / 吃人家的嘴软，拿人家的手短
- 吃人蟲 / 吃人虫
- 吃住
- 吃偏食 (chī piānshí)
- 吃偏飯 / 吃偏饭 (chī piānfàn)
- 吃傷 / 吃伤 (chīshāng)
- 吃傷了 / 吃伤了
- 吃兒 / 吃儿 (chīr)
- 吃冤枉
- 吃刀 (chīdāo)
- 吃到飽 / 吃到饱 (chīdàobǎo)
- 吃力 (chīlì)
- 吃功夫 (chī gōngfu)
- 吃勁 / 吃劲 (chījìn)
- 吃勞保 / 吃劳保
- 吃勞金 / 吃劳金
- 吃十方
- 吃受
- 吃口 (chīkǒu)
- 吃吃喝喝 (chīchīhēhē)
- 吃合家歡 / 吃合家欢
- 吃味 (chīwèi)
- 吃味兒 / 吃味儿
- 吃啞吧虧 / 吃哑吧亏
- 吃商品糧 / 吃商品粮
- 吃啞巴虧 / 吃哑巴亏 (chī yǎbakuī)
- 吃喜
- 吃喝不分
- 吃喝兒 / 吃喝儿 (chīher)
- 吃喝嫖賭 / 吃喝嫖赌 (chīhēpiáodǔ)
- 吃喝玩樂 / 吃喝玩乐 (chīhēwánlè)
- 吃喜酒
- 吃嘴 (chīzuǐ)
- 吃回扣 (chī huíkòu)
- 吃回頭草 / 吃回头草 (chī huítóucǎo)
- 吃土 (chītǔ)
- 吃地面
- 吃夜草
- 吃大戶 / 吃大户 (chī dàhù)
- 吃大鍋飯 / 吃大锅饭 (chī dàguōfàn)
- 吃大項 / 吃大项
- 吃太平飯 / 吃太平饭
- 吃好
- 吃子孫飯 / 吃子孙饭
- 吃官司 (chī guānsi)
- 吃定心丸
- 吃客
- 吃寡酒
- 吃寡醋
- 吃小灶 (chī xiǎozào)
- 吃小虧，占大便宜
- 吃席 (chīxí)
- 吃床腿
- 吃後悔藥 / 吃后悔药 (chī hòuhuǐyào)
- 吃得
- 吃得下
- 吃得了
- 吃得住 (chīdezhù)
- 吃得來 / 吃得来 (chīdelái)
- 吃得光
- 吃得消 (chīdexiāo)
- 吃得苦中苦，方為人上人 / 吃得苦中苦，方为人上人 (chī de kǔ zhōng kǔ, fāng wéi rén shàng rén)
- 吃得開 / 吃得开 (chīdekāi)
- 吃心 (chīxīn)
- 吃悶虧 / 吃闷亏
- 吃惱 / 吃恼
- 吃慣 / 吃惯
- 吃拜拜
- 吃掉 (chīdiào)
- 吃掛絡兒 / 吃挂络儿
- 吃排落
- 吃排頭 / 吃排头
- 吃教
- 吃敗仗 / 吃败仗
- 吃敲才
- 吃本
- 吃板刀麵 / 吃板刀面
- 吃案 (chī'àn)
- 吃棒
- 吃槍子 / 吃枪子
- 吃槍藥 / 吃枪药 (chī qiāngyào)
- 吃死飯 / 吃死饭
- 吃水 (chīshuǐ)
- 吃水不忘掘井人 (chīshuǐ bù wàng juéjǐng rén)
- 吃水線 / 吃水线 (chīshuǐxiàn)
- 吃法 (chīfǎ)
- 吃派飯 / 吃派饭 (chī pàifàn)
- 吃洋飯 / 吃洋饭
- 吃火鍋 / 吃火锅 (chī huǒguō)
- 吃煙 / 吃烟 (chīyān)
- 吃燒餅 / 吃烧饼
- 吃牌
- 吃牢
- 吃犒勞 / 吃犒劳
- 吃獨食 / 吃独食 (chī dúshí)
- 吃現成 / 吃现成
- 吃現成飯 / 吃现成饭 (chī xiànchéngfàn)
- 吃瓦片兒 / 吃瓦片儿 (chī wǎpiànr)
- 吃生活
- 吃癟 / 吃瘪 (chībiě)
- 吃白眼
- 吃白食 (chī báishí)
- 吃白飯 / 吃白饭 (chī báifàn)
- 吃皇糧 / 吃皇粮 (chī huángliáng)
- 吃盡當光 / 吃尽当光
- 吃相 (chīxiàng)
- 吃眼前虧 / 吃眼前亏
- 吃碰
- 吃碼頭 / 吃码头
- 吃私
- 吃租
- 吃空茶
- 吃空額 / 吃空额 (chī kòng'é)
- 吃管子
- 吃糠咽菜
- 吃糧 / 吃粮
- 吃紅 / 吃红
- 吃素 (chīsù)
- 吃緊 / 吃紧 (chījǐn)
- 吃纍 / 吃累
- 吃罪 (chīzuì)
- 吃老本 (chī lǎoběn)
- 吃耳光
- 吃膩 / 吃腻 (chīnì)
- 吃自來食 / 吃自来食
- 吃自在飯 / 吃自在饭
- 吃舊鍋粥 / 吃旧锅粥
- 吃花酒
- 吃苦 (chīkǔ)
- 吃苦耐勞 / 吃苦耐劳 (chīkǔnàiláo)
- 吃苦頭 / 吃苦头 (chī kǔtou)
- 吃茶 (chīchá)
- 吃著碗裏，望著鍋裏 / 吃著碗里，望著锅里
- 吃葷 / 吃荤 (chīhūn)
- 吃葷飯 / 吃荤饭
- 吃藥 / 吃药 (chīyào)
- 吃虧 / 吃亏 (chīkuī)
- 吃螺絲 / 吃螺丝 (chī luósī)
- 吃衙門飯 / 吃衙门饭
- 吃裡扒外 / 吃里扒外 (chīlǐpáwài)
- 吃裡爬外 / 吃里爬外 (chīlǐpáwài)
- 吃裏爬外 / 吃里爬外
- 吃請 / 吃请 (chīqǐng)
- 吃豆腐 (chī dòufu)
- 吃貨 / 吃货 (chīhuò)
- 吃賠賬 / 吃赔账
- 吃贓 / 吃赃
- 吃軟不吃硬 / 吃软不吃硬 (chīruǎnbùchīyìng)
- 吃軟飯 / 吃软饭 (chī ruǎnfàn)
- 吃辣麵 / 吃辣面
- 吃透 (chītòu)
- 吃過路兵 / 吃过路兵 (chī guòlù bīng)
- 吃酒 (chījiǔ)
- 吃醋 (chīcù)
- 吃醋拈酸
- 吃醋撚酸
- 吃醋爭風 / 吃醋争风
- 吃重 (chīzhòng)
- 吃釘子 / 吃钉子
- 吃釘板 / 吃钉板
- 吃錯藥 / 吃错药 (chī cuò yào)
- 吃閉門羹 / 吃闭门羹 (chī bìméngēng)
- 吃開口飯 / 吃开口饭
- 吃閒話 / 吃闲话
- 吃閒飯 / 吃闲饭 (chī xiánfàn)
- 吃零嘴
- 吃零食
- 吃青 (chīqīng)
- 吃青春飯 / 吃青春饭
- 吃飛醋 / 吃飞醋
- 吃食
- 吃食堂 (chī shítáng)
- 吃飯 / 吃饭 (chīfàn)
- 吃飯傢伙 / 吃饭家伙
- 吃飯家伙
- 吃飯防噎 / 吃饭防噎
- 吃飽 / 吃饱 (chībǎo)
- 吃飽了撐的 / 吃饱了撑的 (chībǎo le chēng de)
- 吃館子 / 吃馆子 (chī guǎnzi)
- 吃香 (chīxiāng)
- 吃香喝辣
- 吃驚 / 吃惊 (chījīng)
- 吃鴨蛋 / 吃鸭蛋 (chī yādàn)
- 吃黑棗兒 / 吃黑枣儿
- 吃墨船兒 / 吃墨船儿
- 吃齋 / 吃斋 (chīzhāi)
- 吃齋唸佛 / 吃斋念佛
- 吞吃 (tūnchī)
- 嘴吃屎
- 坐吃山崩
- 坐吃山空 (zuòchīshānkōng)
- 大吃
- 大吃一驚 / 大吃一惊 (dàchīyījīng)
- 大吃大喝 (dàchīdàhē)
- 大吃大嚼
- 天狗吃月
- 夯吃
- 好吃
- 好吃懶做 / 好吃懒做 (hàochīlǎnzuò)
- 寅吃卯糧 / 寅吃卯粮 (yínchīmǎoliáng)
- 小吃 (xiǎochī)
- 少吃無著 / 少吃无著
- 幫狗吃食 / 帮狗吃食
- 幫虎吃食 / 帮虎吃食
- 應卯吃糧 / 应卯吃粮
- 手面賺吃 / 手面赚吃
- 抹嘴吃
- 拈酸吃醋
- 搶生吃 / 抢生吃
- 搪酒吃
- 撩蜂吃螫
- 放牛吃草
- 暗吃一驚 / 暗吃一惊
- 死吃死嚼
- 混吃混玩
- 添案小吃
- 混飯吃 / 混饭吃 (hùnfànchī)
- 濫吃濫用 / 滥吃滥用
- 爭鋒吃醋 / 争锋吃醋 (zhēngfēngchīcù)
- 爭風吃醋 / 争风吃醋 (zhēngfēngchīcù)
- 狗吃屎 (gǒuchīshǐ)
- 狗吃熱屎 / 狗吃热屎
- 狼吃幞頭
- 獨吃自痾 / 独吃自疴
- 生吃 (shēngchī)
- 白吃 (báichī)
- 白吃白住
- 白吃白喝 (báichībáihē)
- 百吃不厭 / 百吃不厌
- 禮教吃人 / 礼教吃人
- 穩吃三注 / 稳吃三注
- 老大吃驚 / 老大吃惊 (lǎodà chījīng)
- 自找苦吃
- 自討苦吃 / 自讨苦吃 (zìtǎokǔchī)
- 蟲吃牙 / 虫吃牙 (chóngchīyá)
- 街頭小吃 / 街头小吃
- 討吃 / 讨吃
- 貪吃 / 贪吃 (tānchī)
- 貪吃懶做 / 贪吃懒做
- 賞口飯吃 / 赏口饭吃
- 通吃 (tōngchī)
- 零吃 (língchī)
- 靠山吃山
- 黑吃黑 (hēichīhēi)
Etymology 2
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
吃 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 㰟 | |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hek3 / gat1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7ciq; 7keq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qi6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: chī
- Zhuyin: ㄔ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chih
- Wade–Giles: chʻih1
- Yale: chr̄
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chy
- Palladius: чи (či)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɻ̩⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; dated in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jí
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jí
- Wade–Giles: chi2
- Yale: jí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
- Palladius: цзи (czi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hek3 / gat1
- Yale: hek / gāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: hek8 / gat7
- Guangdong Romanization: hég3 / ged1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɛːk̚³/, /kɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Note: 4keq - primarily in suburbs and dated urban pronunciation.
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: qi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: kj+t
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kɯd/
Definitions
[edit]吃
Compounds
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
吃 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qī
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ci
- Wade–Giles: chʻi1
- Yale: chī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
- Palladius: ци (ci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jí
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jí
- Wade–Giles: chi2
- Yale: jí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
- Palladius: цзи (czi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hat1
- Yale: hāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: hat7
- Guangdong Romanization: hed1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
Definitions
[edit]吃
- only used in 吃吃 (qīqī)
Etymology 4
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
吃 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chia̍h
Definitions
[edit]吃
- (Hokkien) alternative form of 食
- 2003, “爽到你艱苦到我”, in 李岩修 (lyrics), 徐嘉良 (music), 爽到你艱苦到我, performed by 蔡秋鳳 [Kerris Tsai]:
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]吃
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 吃 |
| きつ Hyōgai |
| kan'on |
From Middle Chinese 吃 (MC kj+t).
Affix
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]- 喫 (kitsu)
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 吃 |
| チー Hyōgai |
| irregular |
From Mandarin 吃 (chī, literally “to eat”).[1][2][3]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Coordinate terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 吃 |
| ままなき Hyōgai |
| irregular |
Possibly a compound of 儘 (mama, “remaining at a certain state”) + 泣き (naki, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 泣く (naku), “to cry”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Noun
[edit]Synonyms
[edit]- 吃り (domori)
References
[edit]- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]吃: Hán Nôm readings: khật, hấc, hất, hớt, ngát, ngặt, ngật, ực, cật
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Leizhou Min lemmas
- Puxian Min lemmas
- Southern Pinghua lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Dungan hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Leizhou Min hanzi
- Puxian Min hanzi
- Southern Pinghua hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Sichuanese verbs
- Dungan verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Taishanese verbs
- Gan verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Jin verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Leizhou Min verbs
- Puxian Min verbs
- Southern Pinghua verbs
- Wu verbs
- Xiang verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 吃
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Wu terms with usage examples
- Chinese terms with quotations
- Cantonese terms with quotations
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- zh:Board games
- zh:Mahjong
- Chinese dialectal terms
- Wu Chinese
- Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Hokkien Chinese
- Hokkien terms with quotations
- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese hyōgai kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading こち
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading きつ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ども・り
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ども・る
- Japanese terms spelled with 吃 read as きつ
- Japanese terms read with kan'on
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese affixes
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 吃
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms read with irregular kanji readings
- Japanese terms borrowed from Mandarin
- Japanese terms derived from Mandarin
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent
- Japanese nouns
- ja:Mahjong
- Japanese compound terms
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters