è

See also: Appendix:Variations of "e"

è	U+00E8, è LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE

Composition:

e [U+0065] + ◌̀ [U+0300]

← ç
[U+00E7]

Latin-1 Supplement

é →
[U+00E9]

Languages (17)

Translingual • English

Catalan • Corsican • Emilian • French • Hokkien • Italian • Mandarin • Neapolitan • Rawang • Romagnol • Sicilian • Slovene • Tlingit • Vietnamese • Welsh

Page categories

Translingual

Letter

è (lower case, upper case È)

In French, Italian, Occitan and Catalan the è is pronounced /ɛ/ as opposed to é which is pronounced /e/.
In Italian it is used to indicate a stressed e, /ɛ/, at the end of a word.
In older writings on Old Icelandic or Old (West) Norse (e.g. A grammar of the Icelandic or Old Norse tongue) è is used instead of the modern é to denote that the phoneme is different in character (a rising diphthong) compared to á, í, ó, ú and ý (falling diphthongs or monophthongs).

English

Letter

è (lower case, upper case È, plural ès or è's)

Found in words borrowed from other languages.
Used poetically instead of e in order to indicate that it is pronounced, as opposed to mute.
- (Can we date this quote? (Edna St. Vincent Millay))
  My wingèd helmet and my wingèd heel

Derived terms

-èd

Catalan

Letter

è (lower case, upper case È)

the letter e with grave accent, used to indicate that a vowel is stressed open /ɛ/. Usually written only where stress cannot be predicted from orthography or for disambiguation.

Corsican

Conjunction

è

and

References

https://infcor.adecec.net/

Emilian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɛː/

Verb

è

second-person singular present indicative of avair

French

Etymology

From a, a distinctly Quebec contracted form of elle + est.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɛ/

Phrase

è

(Quebec) she's, it's: contraction of elle +‎ est

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions of è – see 呃 (“to belch; to hiccup; to hiccough; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 呃).

For pronunciation and definitions of è – see 曳 (“to drag; to pull; to float in the wind; to sway; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 曳).

For pronunciation and definitions of è – see 穢 (“dirty; filthy; unclean; immoral; obscene; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 穢).

For pronunciation and definitions of è – see 翳 (“shade; screen; nebula; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 翳).

For pronunciation and definitions of è – see 裔 (“descendant; posterity; edge; brim; margin; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 裔).

Italian

Etymology 1

The addition of a grave accent to the letter ⟨E⟩ is derived from Latin, where it was used with disambiguation purposes, e.g. in a word-final syllable to mark the word as an adverb (cōnstanter → constantèr).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɛ/

Letter

è f or m (lower case, upper case È, invariable)

(obsolete) Used to disambiguate words ending in a stressed ⟨-e⟩, regardless of its pronunciation [12^th–20^th century]
è (“is”) (see Etymology 2 below), as opposed to e (“and”)

nè (“nor; neither”) (modern spelling: né), as opposed to ne (“from there; from/about/of this/these/that/those”)
(archaic, now proscribed) Used to indicate a stressed word-final ⟨-e⟩, regardless of its pronunciation
perchè /perˈke/, (modern spelling: perché)
Used to indicate the letter ⟨e⟩ when pronounced as open /ɛ/

Usage notes

The letter is usually only found in word-final position, unless one wants to make the pronunciation of a word-initial or -medial stressed /ɛ/ explicit (e.g. bello /ˈbɛllo/ → bèllo).

Etymology 2

From Latin est, from Latin *et, the regularized variant; ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.

Alternative forms

este (Old Italian)
ene (obsolete, chiefly poetry, now only dialectal, with epithetic syllable)
e' (misspelling)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɛ/^*
Rhymes: -ɛ
Hyphenation: è

Verb

è

third-person singular present indicative of essere; is
Se non è vero, è ben trovato
If it is not true, it is a good story.

Usage notes

The uppercase form (È) is often written as E', especially in print.

Mandarin

Alternative forms

e — nonstandard

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Romanization

è (e⁴, Zhuyin ㄜˋ)

Hanyu Pinyin reading of 偔
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 僫 / 𱏀
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 卾
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 厄
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 呃
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 呝
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 咢
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 咹
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 哐
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 啛
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 噩
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 圔
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 堊 / 垩
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 堨
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 堮
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 岋
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峈
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 崿
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嶭
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 惡 / 恶, 悪
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 愕
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 戹
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 扼
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 搤
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 搹
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 櫮
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 歹
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 湂
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 琧
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 砐
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 硆
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 胺
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腭
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 苊
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 萼
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蕚 / 萼
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蘀 / 萚
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蚅
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蛤
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蝁 / 𰲸
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 覨
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 詻 / 𰵤
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 誒 / 诶
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 諤 / 谔
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 讍
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 豟
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 貖
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 軛 / 轭
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 軶
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 軛 / 轭
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 遌
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 遏
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 遻
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鄂
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鍔 / 锷
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鑩
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 閼 / 阏
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 阨
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 阸
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 隘
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 頞 / 𱂨
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 顎 / 颚
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 餓 / 饿
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 餩 / 𱃽
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鬬
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 魥 / 𩽹
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鰐 / 鳄, 鱷 / 鳄, 鳄
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鶚 / 鹗
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 齂
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 齶 / 腭
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 㓵
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屵

Neapolitan

Alternative forms

èje
ène (rare)

Etymology

From Latin est (“[it] is”). Cognate with Italian and Sicilian è.

Verb

è

third-person singular present indicative of èssere

Rawang

Adverb

è

well, see.

Romagnol

Alternative forms

ē (Ville Unite)

Adverb

è

yes
Synonym: sē

Sicilian

Alternative forms

jè, je (diphthongized, dialectal)
ghiè (palatalized)
-gghiè (geminated, enclitic)
èni, è-ni, eni, e-ni (paragogic)
esti, eti (dialectal)

Etymology

From Latin est (“[it] is”). Cognate with Italian and Neapolitan è.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɛ/ (standard)
IPA^(key): /jɛ/ (diphthongized)
IPA^(key): /ɟːɛ/ (geminated diphthonɡ)
IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.ni/, [ˈɛ.nɪ] (with enclitic -ni)
Rhymes: -è
Hyphenation: è

Verb

è

third-person singular present indicative of èssiri

Usage notes

The diacritic stress on è is apted to differentiate it with e (“and”) as a conjunction.

Derived terms

Related terms

Slovene

Etymology 1

Letter e with grave (◌̀) to signify short stressed vowel.

Pronunciation

(phoneme): IPA^(key): /ɛ/
(letter name): IPA^(key): /kràːtki èː/, /kràːtki éː/ kratki e
Rhymes: -eː

Letter

è (lower case, upper case È)

Additional letter, used in some words to denote the short stress on e.

Symbol

è

(non-tonal SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [ɛ].

Etymology 2

Letter e with grave (◌̀) to signify long stressed vowel.

Pronunciation

(sound): IPA^(key): /ɛ/

Letter

è (lower case, upper case È)

(Natisone Valley dialect) Additional letter, used in some words to denote the long stress on e.

References

Toporišič, Jože (2000), Slovenska slovnica / Jože Toporišič. - 4. prenovljena in razširjena izd. (in Slovene), Maribor: Obzorja, →ISBN
Špehonja, Nino (2012), Nediška gramatika‎^[1] (in Italian), Poligrafice San Marco

Tlingit

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /eː/

Letter

è (lower case, upper case È)

(Canada) A letter of the Tlingit alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Synonym: ei

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔɛ˨˩]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔɛ˦˩]
(Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʔɛ˨˩]

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Letter

è (lower case, upper case È)

The letter e with the grave accent.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Related to ì? Possibly imitative?”)

Verb

è

(colloquial) to exert oneself; to strain a body part doing something physical; to haul
È lưng kéo thuyền đi ngược dòng.
To strain one's back rowing the boat against the current.

Welsh

Pronunciation

(phoneme): IPA^(key): /ɛ/

Letter

è (lower case, upper case È)

The letter E, marked for its short pronunciation in monosyllabic words.