Human Factor in Industry

Human Factor in Industry

For a long time in the industry iron law of wages prevailed. By this what was meant was that a worker should be paid that much which was needed just to keep him alive some that a worker should continue to work for his master. He was paid the minimum wages. There were no fixed working hours for him. The employer did not consider it necessary to provide him any facilities or good working conditions. Since the employer knew that a laborer cannot save his labor and he must use that, therefore, he fully exploited the situation. The state, which sided with the long after Industrial Revolution in England the employers in the industry did not care for establishing human and social relationship of the workers. It was believed that industry has nothing to do with the social problems of the workers. These are their own and should be solved by them. There was no human approach to any problem. The employer believed that a worker is paid for the work which he does: In case he feels that wages paid to him are inadequate he is at liberty to leave his job.

Measurement of Morale

Measurement of Morale

It is difficult to measure morale directly as it is an intangible state of mind of the workers. There are three ways which can be used for measuring the morale of employees indirectly. These methods are discussed below.

Observation

The managers can measure the morale of the employees by observing their actions and behavior. But in practice, managers do not find adequate time to carefully observe the behavior of the employees. According to Theo. Hayman, The serious shortcoming of observation as yardstick, to measure current morale is that the activities and events indicate a change to a lowered morale which has already occurred. The manager, therefore, should be extremely keen in his observation in order iii order to do as much as possible to prevent such changes.” Usually, managers try to measure morale by checking the extent to which the organization is getting the results in respect of productivity. But this is not reliable method because morale may be high although productivity is low and vice versa because of various other factors. In many studies, it has been found that there was low .correlation between morale and productivity.