optically plane surface

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• Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser — The vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL; [v ɪxl] ) is a type of semiconductor laser diode with laser beam emission perpendicular from the top surface, contrary to conventional edge emitting semiconductor lasers (also in plane lasers)… …   Wikipedia

• Vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser — A vertical external cavity surface emitting laser (VECSEL) is a small semiconductor laser similar to a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). VECSELs are used primarily as near infrared devices in laser cooling and spectroscopy, but have …   Wikipedia

• Laser diode — Top: a packaged laser diode shown with a penny for scale. Bottom: the laser diode chip is removed from the above package and placed on the eye of a needle for scale …   Wikipedia

• radiation — radiational, adj. /ray dee ay sheuhn/, n. 1. Physics. a. the process in which energy is emitted as particles or waves. b. the complete process in which energy is emitted by one body, transmitted through an intervening medium or space, and… …   Universalium

• Electronic speckle pattern interferometry — (ESPI) [Jones R Wykes C, Holographic and Speckle Interferometry, 1989, Cambridge University Press] , also known as TV Holography, is a technique which uses laser light, together with video detection, recording and processing to visualise static… …   Wikipedia

• photoengraving — /foh toh en gray ving/, n. 1. a photographic process of preparing printing plates for letterpress printing. 2. a plate so produced. 3. a print made from it. [1870 75; PHOTO + ENGRAVING] * * * Any of several processes for producing printing plates …   Universalium

• Diffraction — Computer generated intensity pattern formed on a screen by diffraction from a square aperture …   Wikipedia

• cosmos — /koz meuhs, mohs/, n., pl. cosmos, cosmoses for 2, 4. 1. the world or universe regarded as an orderly, harmonious system. 2. a complete, orderly, harmonious system. 3. order; harmony. 4. any composite plant of the genus Cosmos, of tropical… …   Universalium

• nebula — nebular, adj. /neb yeuh leuh/, n., pl. nebulae / lee , luy /, nebulas. 1. Astron. a. Also called diffuse nebula. a cloud of interstellar gas and dust. Cf. dark nebula, emission nebula, reflection nebula …   Universalium

• Holography — (from the Greek, ὅλος hólos whole + γραφή grafē writing, drawing) is a technique that allows the light scattered from an object to be recorded and later reconstructed so that it appears as if the object is in the same position relative to the… …   Wikipedia

• Circular polarization — The electric field vectors of a traveling circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. In electrodynamics, circular polarization[1] of an electromagnetic wave is a polarization in which the electric field of the passing wave does not change… …   Wikipedia