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1 glider transport aircraft
Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > glider transport aircraft
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2 aircraft
воздушное судно [суда], атмосферный летательный аппарат [аппараты]; самолёт (ы) ; вертолёты); авиация; авиационный; см. тж. airplane, boostaircraft in the barrier — самолёт, задержанный аварийной (аэродромной) тормозной установкой
aircraft off the line — новый [только что построенный] ЛА
B through F aircraft — самолёты модификаций B, C, D, E и F
carrier(-based, -borne) aircraft — палубный ЛА; авианосная авиация
conventional takeoff and landing aircraft — самолёт с обычными взлетом и посадкой (в отличие от укороченного или вертикального)
keep the aircraft (headed) straight — выдерживать направление полёта ЛА (при выполнении маневра); сохранять прямолинейный полет ЛА
keep the aircraft stalled — сохранять режим срыва [сваливания] самолёта, оставлять самолёт в режиме срыва [сваливания]
nearly wing borne aircraft — верт. ЛА в конце режима перехода к горизонтальному полёту
pull the aircraft off the deck — разг. отрывать ЛА от земли (при взлете)
put the aircraft nose-up — переводить [вводить] ЛА на кабрирование [в режим кабрирования]
put the aircraft through its paces — определять предельные возможности ЛА, «выжимать все из ЛА»
reduced takeoff and landing aircraft — самолёт укороченного взлета и посадки (с укороченным разбегом и пробегом)
rocket(-powered, -propelled) aircraft — ракетный ЛА, ЛА с ракетным двигателем
roll the aircraft into a bank — вводить ЛА в крен, накренять ЛА
rotate the aircraft into the climb — увеличивать угол тангажа ЛА для перехода к набору высоты, переводить ЛА в набор высоты
short takeoff and landing aircraft — самолёт короткого взлета и посадки (с коротким разбегом и пробегом)
single vertical tail aircraft — ЛА с одинарным [центральным] вертикальным оперением
strategic(-mission, -purpose) aircraft — ЛА стратегического назначения; стратегический самолёт
take the aircraft throughout its entire envelope — пилотировать ЛА во всем диапазоне полётных режимов
trim the aircraft to fly hands-and-feet off — балансировать самолёт для полёта с брошенным управлением [с брошенными ручкой и педалями]
turbofan(-engined, -powered) aircraft — ЛА с турбовентиляторными двигателями, ЛА с ТРДД
turbojet(-powered, -propelled) aircraft — ЛА с ТРД
undergraduate navigator training aircraft — учебно-тренировочный самолёт для повышенной лётной подготовки штурманов
water(-based, takeoff and landing) aircraft — гидросамолёт
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3 Blériot, Louis
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 1 July 1872 Cambrai, Franced. 2 August 1936 Paris, France[br]French aircraft manufacturer and pilot who in 1909 made the first flight across the English Channel in an aeroplane.[br]Having made a fortune with his patented automobile lamp, Blériot started experimenting with model aircraft in about 1900. He tried a flapping-wing layout which, surprisingly, did fly, but a full-size version was a failure. Blériot tried out a wide variety of designs: a biplane float-glider built with Gabriel Voisin; a powered float-plane with ellipsoidal biplane wings; a canard (tail-first) monoplane; a tandem monoplane; and in 1907 a monoplane of conventional layout. This last was not an immediate success, but it led to the Type XI in which Blériot made history by flying from France to England on 25 July 1909.Without a doubt, Blériot was an accomplished pilot and a successful manufacturer of aircraft, but he sometimes employed others as designers (a fact not made known at the time). It is now accepted that much of the credit for the design of the Type XI should go to Raymond Saulnier, who later made his name with the Morane-Saulnier Company.Blériot-Aéronautique became one of the leading manufacturers of aircraft and by the outbreak of war in 1914 some eight hundred aircraft had been produced. By 1918, aircraft were being built at the rate of eighteen per day. The Blériot company continued to produce aircraft until it was nationalized in 1937.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsCommandeur de la Légion d'honneur. Daily Mail £1,000 prize for the first cross-Channel aeroplane flight.Further ReadingC.H.Gibbs-Smith, 1965, The Invention of the Aeroplane 1799–1909, London (contains a list of all Blériot's early aircraft).J.Stroud, 1966, European Transport Aircraft since 1920, London (for information about Blériot's later aircraft).For information relating to the cross-Channel flight, see: C.Fontaine, 1913, Comment Blériota traversé la, Manche, Paris.T.D.Crouch, 1982, Blériot XI, the Story of a Classic Aircraft, Washington, DC: National Air \& Space Museum.JDS -
4 Messerschmitt, Willi E.
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 26 June 1898 Frankfurt-am-Main, Germanyd. 17 September 1978 Munich, Germany[br]German aircraft designer noted for successful fighters such as the Bf 109, one of the world's most widely produced aircraft.[br]Messerschmitt studied engineering at the Munich Institute of Tchnology and obtained his degree in 1923. By 1926 he was Chief Designer at the Bayerische Flugzeugwerke in Augsburg. Due to the ban on military aircraft in Germany following the First World War, his early designs included gliders, light aircraft, and a series of high-wing airliners. He began to make a major impact on German aircraft design once Hitler came to power and threw off the shackles of the Treaty of Versailles, which so restricted Germany's armed forces. In 1932 he bought out the now-bankrupt Bayerische Flugzeugwerke, but initially, because of enmity between himself and the German aviation minister, was not invited to compete for an air force contract for a single-engined fighter. However, in 1934 Messerschmitt designed the Bf 108 Taifun, a small civil aircraft with a fighter-like appearance. This displayed the quality of his design and the German air ministry was forced to recognize him. As a result, he unveiled the famous Bf 109 fighter which first flew in August 1935; it was used during the Spanish Civil War in 1936–9, and was to become one of the foremost combat aircraft of the Second World War. In 1938, after several name changes, the company became Messerschmitt Aktien-Gesellschaft (and hence a change of prefix from Bf to Me). During April 1939 a Messerschmitt aircraft broke the world air-speed record at 755.14 km/h (469.32 mph): it was entered in the FAI records as a Bf 109R, but was more accurately a new design designated Me 209V-1.During the Second World War, the 5/70P was progressively improved, and eventually almost 35,000 were built. Other successful fighters followed, such as the twin-engined Me 110 which also served as a bomber and night fighter. The Messerschmitt Me 262 twin-engined jet fighter, the first jet aircraft in the world to enter service, flew during the early years of the war, but it was never given a high priority by the High Command and only a small number were in service when the war ended. Another revolutionary Messerschmitt AG design was the Me 163 Komet, the concept of Professor Alexander Lippisch who had joined Messerschmitt's company in 1939; this was the first rocket-propelled fighter to enter service. It was a small tailless design capable of 880 km/hr (550 mph), but its duration under power was only about 10 minutes and it was very dangerous to fly. From late 1944 onwards it was used to intercept the United States Air Force bombers during their daylight raids. At the other end of the scale, Messerschmitt produced the Me 321 Gigant, a huge transport glider which was towed behind a flight of three Me 110s. Later it was equipped with six engines, but it was an easy target for allied fighters. This was a costly white elephant, as was his high-speed twin-engined Me 210 fighter-bomber project which nearly made his company bankrupt. Nevertheless, he was certainly an innovator and was much admired by Hitler, who declared that he had "the skull of a genius", because of the Me 163 Komet rocket-powered fighter and the Me 262.At the end of the war Messerschmitt was detained by the Americans for two years. In 1952 Messerschmitt became an aviation adviser to the Spanish government, and his Bf109 was produced in Spain as the Hispano Buchon for a number of years and was powered by Rolls-Royce Merlin engines. A factory was also constructed in Egypt to produce aircraft to Messerschmitt's designs. His German company, banned from building aircraft, produced prefabricated houses, sewing machines and, from 1953 to 1962, a series of bubble-cars: the KR 175 (1953–55) and the KR 200 (1955–62) were single-cylinder three-wheeled bubble-cars, and the Tiger (1958–62) was a twin-cylinder, 500cc four-wheeler. In 1958 Messerschmitt resumed aircraft construction in Germany and later became the Honorary Chairman of the merged Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm company (now part of the Franco-German Eurocopter company).[br]Further Readingvan Ishoven, 1975, Messerschmitt. Aircraft Designer, London. J.Richard Smith, 1971, Messerschmitt. An Air-craft Album, London.Anthony Pritchard, 1975, Messerschmitt, London (describes Messerschmitt aircraft).JDS / CMBiographical history of technology > Messerschmitt, Willi E.
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5 airplane
n преим. амер. самолёт, аэропланtailless airplane — самолёт типа «летающее крыло»
Синонимический ряд:1. aircraft (noun) aircraft; airliner; airship; fixed-wing aircraft; glider; jet; prop; seaplane; VTOL2. vessel (noun) boat; bottom; craft; plane; ship; vessel -
6 pilot
лётчик, пилот; первый лётчик, командир ЛА; система управления; автопилот; пилотировать, вести самолёт; ведущий, головной, начальный; пусковой; контрольный; вспомогательный; пилотский, связанный с лётчикомaerial maneuver demonstration pilot — лётчик — мастер фигурного пилотажа
pilot of superior ability — лётчик высшего класса [высшей квалификации]
— IR pilot -
7 pilot
pilot nлетчикpiloting vпилотированиеabeam the left pilot positionна левом траверзеabeam the right pilot positionна правом траверзеacceptance pilotпилот, производящий приемосдаточные испытанияact as a pilot authorityдопуск к работе в качестве пилотаAir Line Pilot'sАссоциация пилотов гражданской авиацииairline transport pilotлинейный пилот авиакомпанииair transport pilotсвидетельство пилота транспортной авиацииauthorized pilotпилот - инструкторautomatic pilotавтопилотbogie pilotось вращения тележкиcheck pilotпилот - инспекторchief aviation pilotстарший пилотcommercial pilotпилот коммерческой авиацииcommercial pilot licenseсвидетельство пилота коммерческой авиацииcontrol surface pilotось руляdazzle a pilotослеплять пилотаdisconcert a pilotдезориентировать пилотаengine attachment pilotшкворень крепления двигателяferry pilotпилот - перегонщикglider pilotпилот - планеристgrade of the pilot licenceкласс пилотского свидетельстваhandling pilotчлен экипажаinstrument pilot schoolкурсы подготовки пилотов к полетам по приборамInternational Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot AssociationsМеждународный совет ассоциаций владельцев воздушных судов и пилотовInternational Federation of Air Line Pilots' AssociationsМеждународная федерация ассоциаций линейных пилотовlanding gear pilotось вращения стойки шассиlanding gear pilot pinцапфа шассиleg pilotшкворень опорыlicensed pilotаттестованный Лmain pilotтраверсаmanufacturer's test pilotлетчик - испытатель серийного заводаpermit a pilot to operateдопускать пилота к полетамpilot ability levelуровень квалификации пилотаpilot alertnessповышенное внимание пилотаpilot balloonпилотируемый аэростатpilot burnerпусковая форсункаpilot by reference to instrumentsпилотировать по приборамpilot dazzleослепление пилотаpilot delayed acquisitionsнесвоевременные действия пилотаpilot duty timeрабочее время пилотаpilot experience levelуровень летной подготовкиPilot headтрубка Питоpiloting alertnessбдительность при пилотированииpiloting capacityлетная квалификацияpiloting functionsфункции пилотаpiloting skillлетная квалификацияpiloting techniqueтехника пилотированияpilot judgementоценка пилотом ситуации в полетеpilot licence validityсрок действия летного свидетельстваpilot medical assessmentмедицинское заключение о состоянии здоровья пилотаpilot medical requirementsмедицинские требования к пилотуpilot on the controlsпилот, управляющий воздушным судномpilot operational decisionоперативное решение, принятое пилотомpilot parachuteвытяжной парашютpilot proficiencyквалификация пилотаpilot prudenceпредосторожность пилотаpilot ratingквалификационная отметка пилотаpilot reportдонесение пилотаpilot retirement ruleвозрастной предел для пилотаpilot retrainingпереподготовка пилотаpilots briefingинструктаж летного составаpilot's consoleприборная доска пилотаpilot seatкресло пилотаpilot's errorошибка пилотаpilot serving inпилот, выполняющий обязанностиpilot's fatigueутомление пилотаpilot's field of viewполе зрения пилотаpilot's licenseпилотское свидетельствоpilot's log bookлетная книжка пилотаpilot slow reactionзамедленная реакция пилотаpilot's stationрабочее место пилотаpilot's vertigoголовокружение у пилотаpilot's worklandобщая нагрузка пилотаpilot trainingподготовка пилотовpilot training expertэксперт по обучению пилотовPilot tubeприемник полного давленияPilot tube boomприемник воздушного давленияpilot tube water trapвлагоотстойник приемника полного давленияpilot vehicleстартовая машинаpilot warning sheetлист предупреждений пилота(об опасности) pilot work loadзагруженность пилотаprivate pilotпилот - любительprivate pilot licenseсвидетельство пилота - любителяprofessional pilotпилот - профессионалprofessional pilot licenseсвидетельство профессионального пилотаrating for pilotквалификационная отметка пилотаrelief pilotсменный пилотsafety pilotдублирующий пилотsecond pilotвторой пилотsenior commercial pilotстарший пилот коммерческой авиацииsenior commercial pilot licenseсвидетельство старшего пилота коммерческой авиацииstudent pilotпилот - курсантsupervisory pilotпроверяющийsystems operator pilotпилот - операторtest pilotлетчик испытательtraining pilotпилот - инструкторtransport pilotпилот транспортной авиации
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