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don't look so glum

  • 1 triste

    triste [tʀist]
    adjective
    sad ; [couleur, journée] dreary ; [paysage] bleak
    • d'un air/d'une voix triste sadly
    • être triste à l'idée or à la pensée de partir to be sad at the idea of leaving
    • triste à mourir [personne, ambiance, musique] utterly depressing
    • avoir or faire triste mine or figure to cut a sorry figure
    • depuis son accident, il est dans un triste état since his accident he has been in a sad state
    • c'est pas triste ! (inf) ( = c'est amusant) it's a laugh a minute! (inf) ; ( = c'est difficile) it's no joke! (inf) ; ( = c'est la pagaille) it's a real mess!
    * * *
    tʀist
    1) ( pas gai) [personne, visage] sad; [maison, ville, région] dreary, depressing; [ciel, temps, journée] gloomy; [histoire, livre, soirée, événement] sad, depressing; [couleur] drab, dreary; [existence] dreary

    avoir triste mine or figure — [personne] to look pitiful

    2) ( déplorable) [résultat, fin, affaire] dreadful; [conséquence] sad; [spectacle, état] sorry

    c'est la triste vérité — unfortunately, that's the truth of the matter

    détenir le triste record d'alcoolisme — to hold the record for heavy drinking, a dubious achievement

    3) ( méprisable) [personnage] unsavoury [BrE], disreputable; [réputation] dreadful
    ••

    triste comme la pluie or à mourir — desperately sad

    c'était pas triste — (colloq) it was quite something

    * * *
    tʀist adj
    1) (= malheureux) sad

    c'est pas triste! * — it's something else!, *

    2) (= sinistre)
    * * *
    triste adj
    1 ( pas gai) [personne, visage] sad; [maison, ville, région] dreary, depressing; [ciel, temps, journée] gloomy; [histoire, livre, soirée, événement] sad, depressing; [couleur] drab, dreary; [existence, enfance] dreary; être/se sentir triste to be/to feel sad; avoir l'air tout triste to look really sad; c'est une enfant triste she's a sad child; être triste de faire to be sad to do; j'étais triste de le voir partir I was sad to see him go; être triste à l'idée or la pensée de qch/de faire to be sad at the idea ou thought of sth/of doing; elle est triste que je m'en aille she's sad that I'm leaving; il est or c'est triste de faire it is sad to do; il est or c'est triste que it is sad that; avoir triste mine or figure [personne] to look pitiful; mon gâteau a bien triste mine my cake is a sorry sight; ⇒ bonnet;
    2 ( déplorable) [résultat, fin, affaire] dreadful; [conséquence] sad; [spectacle, état] sorry; c'est la triste vérité it's the sad truth; on l'a retrouvé dans un triste état he was found in a sorry state; détenir le triste record d'alcoolisme to hold the record for heavy drinking, a dubious achievement; faire la triste expérience de qch to have learned about sth to one's sorrow; se lamenter sur son triste sort to lament one's fate;
    3 ( méprisable) [personnage] unsavouryGB, disreputable; [réputation] dreadful; un triste imbécile a despicable character; un triste sire a disreputable character.
    triste comme la pluie or à mourir desperately sad; c'était pas triste○ it was quite something.
    [trist] adjectif
    1. [déprimé - personne] sad ; [ - sourire, visage] sad, unhappy, sorrowful
    2. [pénible] sad, unhappy
    son triste sort his sad ou unhappy fate
    3. [attristant] sad
    il est pas triste, avec sa chemise à fleurs he's a scream in his flowery shirt
    ils font voter les réformes sans avoir le financement, ça va pas être triste! they're pushing the reforms through without funds, what a farce!
    4. [terne - couleur] drab, dull
    [morne - rue, saison] bleak
    5. (avant le nom) [déplorable] deplorable, sorry, sad
    [méprisable]

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > triste

  • 2 alegrar

    v.
    1 to cheer up, to make happy (person).
    le alegró mucho su visita his visit really cheered her up
    me alegró el día it made my day
    Los confites alegran a Ricardo Candy makes Richard happy.
    2 to brighten up.
    Sus imitaciones alegran la fiesta His impersonations brighten the party.
    Estos colores alegran el cuarto These colors brighten up the room.
    3 to make tipsy.
    4 to be happy about.
    5 to be happy to.
    Me alegra saber eso I am happy to know that.
    * * *
    1 (causar alegría) to make happy, make glad, cheer up
    2 figurado (avivar) to brighten (up), enliven
    3 familiar (achispar) to make tipsy
    1 to be pleased, be glad
    2 familiar (achisparse) to get tipsy
    * * *
    verb
    1) to cheer up, make happy
    •
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=poner contento) to cheer up
    2) (=animar) [+ fiesta, reunión] to liven up; [+ casa, cuarto] to brighten up, cheer up

    ¡alegra esa cara! — cheer up!

    los niños alegran el hogar con sus risas — the children liven up o cheer up the house with their laughter

    3) [+ fuego] to poke
    4) [+ toro] to excite, stir up
    5) (Náut) [+ cuerda] to slacken
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( hacer feliz) < persona> to make... happy

    me alegra saberlo — I'm glad o pleased to hear it

    b) ( animar) < persona> to cheer up; < fiesta> to liven up
    c) (Taur) to excite
    2.
    alegrarse v pron
    a) (ponerse feliz, contento)

    alegrarse de/con algo — to be glad o pleased about something

    alegrarse de + inf — to be pleased to + inf

    me alegro de verte — it's good o nice to see you

    ¿no te alegras de haber venido? — aren't you glad o pleased you came?

    me alegro de que todo haya salido bien — I'm glad o pleased that everything went well

    b) ( animarse) to cheer up
    c) ( por el alcohol) to get tipsy (colloq)
    * * *
    = jazz up, brighten up.
    Ex. After jazzing up her appearance with a new blonde hairdo, she turns up in his office and talks him into taking her out for a meal.
    Ex. The flowers will really help brighten up the cemetery when they flower in spring.
    ----
    * alegrar la vida a Alguien = brighten up + Posesivo + life.
    * alegrarle el día a Alguien = brighten up + Posesivo + day, make + Posesivo + day.
    * alegrarse = feel + elated, brighten.
    * alegrarse de = be glad (to), rejoice in.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( hacer feliz) < persona> to make... happy

    me alegra saberlo — I'm glad o pleased to hear it

    b) ( animar) < persona> to cheer up; < fiesta> to liven up
    c) (Taur) to excite
    2.
    alegrarse v pron
    a) (ponerse feliz, contento)

    alegrarse de/con algo — to be glad o pleased about something

    alegrarse de + inf — to be pleased to + inf

    me alegro de verte — it's good o nice to see you

    ¿no te alegras de haber venido? — aren't you glad o pleased you came?

    me alegro de que todo haya salido bien — I'm glad o pleased that everything went well

    b) ( animarse) to cheer up
    c) ( por el alcohol) to get tipsy (colloq)
    * * *
    = jazz up, brighten up.

    Ex: After jazzing up her appearance with a new blonde hairdo, she turns up in his office and talks him into taking her out for a meal.

    Ex: The flowers will really help brighten up the cemetery when they flower in spring.
    * alegrar la vida a Alguien = brighten up + Posesivo + life.
    * alegrarle el día a Alguien = brighten up + Posesivo + day, make + Posesivo + day.
    * alegrarse = feel + elated, brighten.
    * alegrarse de = be glad (to), rejoice in.

    * * *
    alegrar [A1 ]
    vt
    1 (hacer feliz) ‹persona› to make … happy
    me alegró mucho su visita her visit made me very happy
    los nietos alegraron su vejez his grandchildren brought happiness to o brightened up his old age
    me alegra saber que todo salió bien I'm glad o pleased to hear that everything turned out all right
    2
    (animar): ¡alegra esa cara! don't look so glum!, cheer up!
    con sus bromas alegró la fiesta she livened up the party with her jokes
    unas flores alegrarían la habitación some flowers would brighten up the room
    3 ( Taur) to excite
    1
    (ponerse feliz, contento): me alegro tanto por ti I'm so happy for you; está mucho mejor — me alegro, déle saludos míos she's much better — that's good o I'm glad, give her my best wishes
    se alegró muchísimo cuando lo vio she was really happy when she saw him
    ¡cuánto me alegro! I'm so happy o pleased!
    nos alegramos tanto con la noticia we were so pleased at the news
    alegrarse DE algo to be glad o pleased ABOUT sth
    se alegró de nuestra victoria she was glad o pleased about our win o that we had won
    se alegran de las desgracias ajenas they take pleasure in other people's misfortunes
    alegrarse DE + INF to be pleased to + INF
    se alegró de recibir la carta she was pleased o glad to get the letter
    me alegro de verte it's good o nice to see you
    ¿no te alegras de haber venido? aren't you glad o pleased you came?
    alegrarse DE QUE + SUBJ:
    me alegro de que todo haya salido bien I'm glad o pleased that everything went well
    2 (animarse) to cheer up
    ¡vamos! ¡alégrate! si no es para tanto come on, cheer up! it's not that bad
    3 (por el alcohol) to get tipsy ( colloq), to get merry ( BrE colloq)
    * * *

     

    alegrar ( conjugate alegrar) verbo transitivo
    a) ( hacer feliz) ‹ persona› to make … happy;

    ◊ me alegra saberlo I'm glad o pleased to hear it

    b) ( animar) ‹ persona› to cheer up;

    ‹ fiesta› to liven up;
    ‹ habitación› to brighten up;
    ◊ ¡alegra esa cara! cheer up!

    alegrarse verbo pronominal
    a) (ponerse feliz, contento):


    se alegró muchísimo cuando lo vio she was really happy when she saw him;
    ¡cuánto me alegro! I'm so happy o pleased!;
    está mucho mejor — me alegro she's much better — I'm glad (to hear that);
    alegrarse con algo to be glad o pleased about sth;
    me alegro de verte it's good o nice to see you;
    me alegro de que todo haya salido bien I'm glad o pleased that everything went well


    alegrar verbo transitivo
    1 (contentar, satisfacer) to make happy o glad: me alegra que me haga esa pregunta, I'm glad you asked that
    2 fig (animar) to enliven, brighten up
    ' alegrar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    animar
    - contentar
    English:
    brighten up
    - exhilarate
    - jazz up
    - lighten
    - brighten
    - jazz
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [persona] to cheer up, to make happy;
    [fiesta] to liven up;
    me alegró el día it made my day;
    le alegró mucho su visita his visit really cheered her up;
    esas plantas alegran la vista those plants brighten up the view;
    ¡alegra esa cara! cheer up!, give us a smile!
    2. [habitación, decoración] to brighten up
    3. [emborrachar] to make tipsy
    4. Taurom
    alegrar la embestida al toro to incite the bull to charge
    * * *
    v/t
    1 make happy
    2 ( animar) cheer up
    * * *
    : to make happy, to cheer up
    * * *
    1. (causar alegría) to make happy
    2. (animar persona) to cheer up
    3. (animar habitación, etc) to brighten up

    Spanish-English dictionary > alegrar

  • 3 triste

    adj.
    1 sad (person).
    no te pongas triste don't be sad
    2 sad (que entristece) (noticia, suceso).
    es triste que… it's sad o a shame that…
    ofrecen un triste espectáculo they present a sorry spectacle
    3 poor (humilde).
    un triste viejo a poor old man
    * * *
    1 (infeliz) sad, unhappy; (futuro) bleak
    2 (oscuro, sombrío) gloomy, dismal
    3 (único) single, only
    4 (insignificante) poor, humble
    \
    es triste que... it's a pity...
    hacer un triste papel to cut a sorry figure
    poner triste a alguien to make somebody sad
    ponerse triste to become sad
    triste futuro bleak future
    * * *
    adj.
    1) sad, blue, gloomy
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) (=entristecido) [persona] sad; (=desgraciado) miserable; [carácter] gloomy, melancholy

    poner triste a algn — to make sb sad, make sb unhappy, make sb miserable

    2) (=entristecedor) [noticia, canción] sad; [paisaje] dismal, desolate; [cuarto] gloomy
    3) * (=mustio) [flor] withered
    4) (=lamentable) sad, sorry

    es triste no poder ir — it's a pity o shame we can't go

    la triste verdad es que... — the sad truth is that...

    5) (=insignificante) miserable
    6) And (=tímido) shy, timid
    2.
    SM LAm (=canción) sad love song
    * * *
    1)
    a) [ESTAR] ( afligido) < persona> sad
    b) <expresión/mirada> sad, sorrowful
    c) [SER] ( que causa tristeza) <historia/película/noticia> sad; <paisaje/color> dismal, gloomy; <lugar/ambiente> gloomy

    un día nublado y triste — a miserable, cloudy day

    2) (delante del n) (miserable, insignificante) miserable
    * * *
    = bleak, sad, sagging, wistful, depressing, glum, miserable, morose, doleful.
    Ex. The projections of qualified manpower into the year 2000 are bleak for personnel based industries.
    Ex. Tom Hernandez tried not to show how sad he felt about his friends' leaving, and managed to keep up a cheerful facade until the party broke up.
    Ex. It was obvious that Balzac's enthusiasm for the grant lifted his spirits up from their normal sagging state.
    Ex. A wistful look appeared in his eyes as he lingered over memories of President Langeford.
    Ex. Since 1963 they have produced their own bibliographic listings with various degrees of efficiency and comprehensiveness but usually with the same depressing tardiness in recording new publications which has so beset the UNDEX listings.
    Ex. Children no less than adults are subject to fits of boredom, to times when they feel glum or restless when everything they usually enjoy lacks attraction, purpose or pleasure.
    Ex. Sometimes of an evening, after my miserable journeyings through the day, I would stand for hours in the Strand, leaning against the shutters of a closed shop, and watching the compositors at work by gaslight on the opposite side of the way, upon a morning paper.
    Ex. His limber writing consequentializes the inconsequential, and there is not one morose moment in his work, no hint of sourness.
    Ex. This year will go down as the most depressing doleful Christmas I've ever had.
    ----
    * Caballero de la Triste Figura, el = Knight of the Doleful Countenance, the.
    * caso triste = sad story.
    * la triste realidad es que = the sad fact is (that).
    * triste de admitir = sad to relate.
    * triste realidad = fact of life.
    * triste realidad, la = sad truth, the.
    * triste recordatorio = painful reminder.
    * * *
    1)
    a) [ESTAR] ( afligido) < persona> sad
    b) <expresión/mirada> sad, sorrowful
    c) [SER] ( que causa tristeza) <historia/película/noticia> sad; <paisaje/color> dismal, gloomy; <lugar/ambiente> gloomy

    un día nublado y triste — a miserable, cloudy day

    2) (delante del n) (miserable, insignificante) miserable
    * * *
    = bleak, sad, sagging, wistful, depressing, glum, miserable, morose, doleful.

    Ex: The projections of qualified manpower into the year 2000 are bleak for personnel based industries.

    Ex: Tom Hernandez tried not to show how sad he felt about his friends' leaving, and managed to keep up a cheerful facade until the party broke up.
    Ex: It was obvious that Balzac's enthusiasm for the grant lifted his spirits up from their normal sagging state.
    Ex: A wistful look appeared in his eyes as he lingered over memories of President Langeford.
    Ex: Since 1963 they have produced their own bibliographic listings with various degrees of efficiency and comprehensiveness but usually with the same depressing tardiness in recording new publications which has so beset the UNDEX listings.
    Ex: Children no less than adults are subject to fits of boredom, to times when they feel glum or restless when everything they usually enjoy lacks attraction, purpose or pleasure.
    Ex: Sometimes of an evening, after my miserable journeyings through the day, I would stand for hours in the Strand, leaning against the shutters of a closed shop, and watching the compositors at work by gaslight on the opposite side of the way, upon a morning paper.
    Ex: His limber writing consequentializes the inconsequential, and there is not one morose moment in his work, no hint of sourness.
    Ex: This year will go down as the most depressing doleful Christmas I've ever had.
    * Caballero de la Triste Figura, el = Knight of the Doleful Countenance, the.
    * caso triste = sad story.
    * la triste realidad es que = the sad fact is (that).
    * triste de admitir = sad to relate.
    * triste realidad = fact of life.
    * triste realidad, la = sad truth, the.
    * triste recordatorio = painful reminder.

    * * *
    A
    1 [ ESTAR] (afligido) ‹persona› sad
    esa música me pone triste that music makes me sad
    se puso muy triste cuando se lo dije he was very sad o unhappy when I told him
    ¿qué te pasa? te noto tristón ( fam); what's the matter? you look miserable o sad
    2 ‹expresión/mirada› sad, sorrowful
    tiene la mirada triste he has a sad look in his eyes
    3 [ SER] (que causa tristeza) ‹historia/película/noticia› sad; ‹paisaje/color› dismal, gloomy
    un día nublado y triste a miserable, cloudy day
    el cuarto se ve muy triste con esas cortinas those curtains make the room look very dreary o gloomy
    B ( delante del n) (miserable, insignificante) miserable
    es la triste realidad it's the sad truth, sadly, that's the way it is
    tenía ante sí un triste futuro he faced an unhappy o a wretched future
    por cuatro tristes pesos for a few miserable o ( colloq) measly pesos
    hizo un triste papel he made a fool of himself, he performed poorly
    * * *

     

    triste adjetivo
    1
    a) [ESTAR] ‹ persona› sad;


    b) ‹expresión/mirada› sad, sorrowful

    c) [SER] ( que causa tristeza) ‹historia/película/noticia› sad;

    ‹paisaje/color› dismal, gloomy;
    ‹lugar/ambiente› gloomy
    2 ( delante del n) (miserable, insignificante) miserable;

    es la triste realidad it's the sad truth
    triste adjetivo
    1 sad
    2 (paisaje, habitación, etc) gloomy, dismal
    3 (penoso) es triste reconocerlo, it's sad to admit it
    4 (insignificante, simple) single: no tenemos ni un triste limón en la nevera, we haven't got a single lemon in the fridge
    ' triste' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    alicaída
    - alicaído
    - alma
    - cabizbaja
    - cabizbajo
    - deshecha
    - deshecho
    - destrozada
    - destrozado
    - fúnebre
    - negra
    - negro
    - pachucha
    - pachucho
    - polvo
    - sombría
    - sombrío
    - taciturna
    - taciturno
    - abatido
    - compungido
    - dejo
    - desolador
    - espectáculo
    - mirada
    - notar
    - penoso
    - poner
    - tanto
    English:
    blue
    - cheerless
    - dismal
    - doleful
    - downbeat
    - face
    - feel
    - forlorn
    - gloomy
    - leaden
    - lonesome
    - make
    - miserable
    - outwardly
    - rueful
    - sad
    - sorrowful
    - sorry
    - unhappy
    - wan
    - woeful
    - infamous
    - melancholy
    - note
    - obviously
    - pine
    - tearful
    * * *
    triste adj
    1. [entristecido] [persona] sad;
    ¿por qué estás triste? why are you looking so sad?;
    esa canción me pone triste that song makes me feel sad;
    no te pongas triste don't be sad;
    era un hombre triste y amargado he was a sad and embittered man
    2. [que entristece] [noticia, suceso] sad;
    [día, tiempo, paisaje] gloomy, dreary; [color, vestido, luz] dull, dreary;
    tiene los ojos tristes she has sad eyes
    3. [deplorable] sad;
    es triste que una empresa como ésa tenga que cerrar it's sad o a shame that a firm like that should have to close down
    4. [doloroso] sorry;
    los jueces ofrecen un triste espectáculo the judges present a sorry spectacle;
    el equipo hizo un triste papel the team gave a poor showing
    5. [humilde] poor;
    un triste viejo a poor old man;
    no es más que un triste empleado he's nothing but a humble worker
    6. [insignificante]
    un triste sueldo a miserable salary;
    nos dio dos tristes aceitunas he gave us two measly olives;
    es un triste consuelo it's small consolation, it's cold comfort;
    ni un triste… not a single…;
    ni una triste excusa not one single excuse;
    no tengo ni una triste radio I haven't even got a lousy radio
    * * *
    adj sad
    * * *
    triste adj
    1) : sad, gloomy
    ponerse triste: to become sad
    2) : desolate, dismal
    una perspectiva triste: a dismal outlook
    3) : sorry, sorry-looking
    la triste verdad: the sorry truth
    * * *
    triste adj
    1. (en general) sad [comp. sadder; superl. saddest]
    2. (lugar) gloomy [comp. gloomier; superl. gloomiest]
    una casa triste y oscura a dark, gloomy house

    Spanish-English dictionary > triste

  • 4 Á

    * * *
    a negative suffix to verbs, not;
    era útmakligt, at it is not unmeet that.
    * * *
    1.
    á, prep., often used elliptically, or even adverbially, [Goth. ana; Engl. on; Germ. an. In the Scandinavian idioms the liquid n is absorbed. In English the same has been supposed to happen in adverbial phrases, e. g. ‘along, away, abroad, afoot, again, agate, ahead, aloft, alone, askew, aside, astray, awry,’ etc. It is indeed true that the Ormulum in its northern dialect freq. uses o, even in common phrases, such as ‘o boke, o land, o life, o slæpe, o strande, o write, o naht, o loft,’ etc., v. the glossary; and we may compare on foot and afoot, on sleep (Engl. Vers. of Bible) and asleep; A. S. a-butan and on-butan (about); agen and ongean (again, against); on bæc, aback; on life, alive; on middan, amid. But it is more than likely that in the expressions quoted above, as well as in numberless others, as well in old as in modern English, the English a- as well as the o- of the Ormulum and the modern Scottish and north of England o- are in reality remains of this very á pronounced au or ow, which was brought by the Scandinavian settlers into the north of England. In the struggle for supremacy between the English dialects after the Conquest, the Scandinavian form á or a won the day in many cases to the exclusion of the Anglo-Saxon on. Some of these adverbs have representatives only in the Scandinavian tongues, not in Anglo-Saxon; see below, with dat. B. II, C. VII; with acc. C. I. and VI. The prep. á denotes the surface or outside; í and ór the inside; at, til, and frá, nearness measured to or from an object: á thus answers to the Gr. επί; the Lat. in includes á and i together.]
    With dat. and acc.: in the first case with the notion of remaining on a place, answering to Lat. in with abl.; in the last with the notion of motion to the place, = Lat. in with acc.
    WITH DAT.
    A. Loc.
    I. generally on, upon; á gólfi, on the floor, Nj. 2; á hendi, on the hand (of a ring), 48, 225; á palli, 50; á steini, 108; á vegg, 115; á sjá ok á landi, on sea and land. In some instances the distinction between d and i is loose and wavering, but in most cases common sense and usage decide; thus ‘á bók’ merely denotes the letters, the penmanship, ‘í’ the contents of a book; mod. usage, however, prefers ‘í,’ lesa í bók, but stafr á bók. Old writers on the other hand; á bókum Enskum, in English books, Landn. 24, but í Aldafars bók, 23 (in the book De Mensurâ Temporum, by Bede), cp. Grág. i. 76, where á is a false reading instead of at; á bréfi, the contents of a letter: of clothing or arms, mítr á höfði, sverð á hlið, mitre on head, sword on side, Fms. i. 266, viii. 404; hafa lykil á sér, on one’s person, 655 xxvii. 22; möttull á tyglum, a mantle hanging on (i. e. fastened by) laces, Fms. vii. 201: á þingi means to be present at a meeting; í þingi, to abide within a jurisdiction; á himni, á jörðu, on (Engl. in) heaven and earth, e. g. in the Lord’s Prayer, but í helviti, in hell; á Gimli, Edda (of a heavenly abode); á báti, á skipi denote crew and cargo, ‘í’ the timber or materials of which a ship is built, Eg. 385; vera í stafni á skipi, 177: á skógi, to be abroad in a wood (of a hunter, robber, deer); but to be situated (a house), at work (to fell timber), í skógi, 573, Fs. 5, Fms. iii. 122, viii. 31, xi. 1, Glúm. 330, Landn. 173; á mörkinni, Fms. i. 8, but í mörk, of a farm; á firðinum means lying in a firth, of ships or islands (on the surface of the water), þær eyjar liggja á Breiðafirði, Ld. 36; but í firði, living in a district named Firth; á landi, Nj. 98, Fms. xi. 386.
    II. á is commonly used in connection with the pr. names or countries terminating in ‘land,’ Engl. in, á Englandi, Írlandi, Skotlandi, Bretlandi, Saxlandi, Vindlandi, Vínlandi, Grænalandi, Íslandi, Hálogalandi, Rogalandi, Jótlandi, Frakklandi, Hjaltlandi, Jamtalandi, Hvítramannalandi, Norðrlöndum, etc., vide Landn. and the index to Fms. xii. In old writers í is here very rare, in modern authors more frequent; taste and the context in many instances decide. An Icelander would now say, speaking of the queen or king, ‘á Englandi,’ ruling over, but to live ‘í Englandi,’ or ‘á Englandi;’ the rule in the last case not being quite fixed.
    2. in connection with other names of countries: á Mæri, Vörs, Ögðum, Fjölum, all districts of Norway, v. Landn.; á Mýrum (in Icel.), á Finnmörk, Landn., á Fjóni (a Danish island); but í Danmörk, Svíþjóð (á Svíþjóðu is poët., Gs. 13).
    3. before Icel. farms denoting open and elevated slopes and spaces (not too high, because then ‘at’ must be used), such as ‘staðr, völlr, ból, hjalli, bakki, heimr, eyri,’ etc.; á Veggjum, Landn. 69; á Hólmlátri, id.: those ending in ‘-staðr,’ á Geirmundarstöðum, Þórisstöðum, Jarðlangsstöðum…, Landn.: ‘-völlr,’ á Möðruvöllum: á Fitjum (the farm) í Storð (the island), í Fenhring (the island) á Aski (the farm), Landn., Eg.: ‘-nes’ sometimes takes á, sometimes í (in mod. usage always ‘í’), á Nesi, Eb. 14, or í Krossnesi, 30; in the last case the notion of island, νησος, prevails: so also, ‘fjörðr,’ as, þeir börðust á Vigrafirði (of a fight o n the ice), Landn. 101, but orusta í Hafrsfirði, 122: with ‘-bær,’ á is used in the sense of a farm or estate, hón sa á e-m bæ mikit hús ok fagrt, Edda 22; ‘í bæ’ means within doors, of the buildings: with ‘Bær’ as pr. name Landn. uses ‘í,’ 71, 160, 257, 309, 332.
    4. denoting on or just above; of the sun, when the time is fixed by regarding the sun in connection with points in the horizon, a standing phrase in Icel.; sól á gjáhamri, when the sun is on the crag of the Rift, Grág. i. 26, cp. Glúm. 387; so, brú á á, a bridge on a river, Fms. viii. 179, Hrafn. 20; taka hús á e-m, to surprise one, to take the house over his head, Fms. i. 11.
    III. á is sometimes used in old writers where we should now expect an acc., esp. in the phrase, leggja sverði (or the like) á e-m, or á e-m miðjum, to stab, Eg. 216, Gísl. 106, Band. 14; þá stakk Starkaðr sprotanum á konungi, then Starkad stabbed the king with the wand, Fas. iii. 34; bíta á kampi (vör), to bite the lips, as a token of pain or emotion, Nj. 209, 68; taka á e-u, to touch a thing, lay hold of it, v. taka; fá á e-u, id. (poët.); leggja hendr á (better at) síðum, in wrestling, Fms. x. 331; koma á úvart á e-m, to come on one unawares, ix. 407 (rare).
    B. TEMP. of a particular point or period of time, at, on, in:
    I. gener. denoting during, in the course of; á nótt, degi, nætrþeli …, Bs. i. 139; or spec. adding a pron. or an adject., á næsta sumri, the next summer; á því ári, þingi, misseri, hausti, vári, sumri …, during, in that year …, Bs. i. 679, etc.; á þrem sumrum, in the course of three summers, Grág. i. 218; á þrem várum, Fms. ii. 114; á hálfs mánaðar fresti, within half a month’s delay, Nj. 99; á tvítugs, sextugs … aldri, á barns, gamals aldri, etc., at the age of …, v. aldr: á dögum e-s, in the days of, in his reign or time, Landn. 24, Hrafn. 3, Fms. ix. 229.
    II. used of a fixed recurrent period or season; á várum, sumrum, haustum, vetrum, á kveldum, every spring, summer …, in the evenings, Eg. 711, Fms. i. 23, 25, vi. 394, Landn. 292: with the numeral adverbs, cp. Lat. ter in anno, um sinn á mánuði, ári, once a month, once a year, where the Engl. a is not the article but the preposition, Grág. i. 89.
    III. of duration; á degi, during a whole day, Fms. v. 48; á sjau nóttum, Bárð. 166; á því meli, during that time, in the meantime, Grág. i. 259.
    IV. connected with the seasons (á vetri, sumri, vári, hausti), ‘á’ denotes the next preceding season, the last winter, summer, autumn, Eb. 40, 238, Ld. 206: in such instances ‘á’ denotes the past, ‘at’ the future, ‘í’ the present; thus í vetri in old writers means this winter; á vetri, last winter; at vetri, next winter, Eb. 68 (in a verse), etc.
    C. In various other relations, more or less metaphorically, on, upon, in, to, with, towards, against:
    I. denoting object, in respect of, against, almost periphrastically; dvelja á náðum e-s, under one’s protection, Fms. i. 74; hafa metnað á e-u, to be proud of, to take pride in a thing, 127.
    2. denoting a personal relation, in; bæta e-t á e-m, to make amends, i. e. to one personally; misgöra e-t á e-m, to inflict wrong on one; hafa elsku (hatr) á e-m, to bear love ( hatred) to one, Fms. ix. 242; hefna sín á e-m, to take revenge on one’s person, on anyone; rjúfa sætt á e-m, to break truce on the person of any one, to offend against his person, Nj. 103; hafa sár á sér, 101; sjá á e-m, to read on or in one’s face; sér hann á hverjum manni hvárt til þín er vel eðr illa, 106; var þat brátt auðséð á hennar högum, at …, it could soon be seen in all her doings, that …, Ld. 22.
    3. also generally to shew signs of a thing; sýna fáleika á sér, to shew marks of displeasure, Nj. 14, Fs. 14; taka vel, illa, lítt, á e-u, to take a thing well, ill, or indifferently, id.; finna á sér, to feel in oneself; fann lítt á honum, hvárt …, it could hardly be seen in his face, whether …, Eb. 42; líkindi eru á, it is likely, Ld. 172; göra kost á e-u, to give a choice, chance of it, 178; eiga vald á e-u, to have power over …, Nj. 10.
    II. denoting encumbrance, duty, liability; er fimtardómsmál á þeim, to be subject to …, Nj. 231; the phrase, hafa e-t á hendi, or vera á hendi e-m, on one’s hands, of work or duty to be done; eindagi á fé, term, pay day, Grág. i. 140; ómagi (skylda, afvinna) á fé, of a burden or encumbrance, D. I. and Grág. in several passages.
    III. with a personal pronoun, sér, mér, honum …, denoting personal appearance, temper, character, look, or the like; vera þungr, léttr … á sér, to be heavy or light, either bodily or mentally; þungr á sér, corpulent, Sturl. i. 112; kátr ok léttr á sér, of a gay and light temper, Fms. x. 152; þat bragð hafði hann á sér, he looked as if, … the expression of his face was as though …, Ld., cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á sér svip, bragð, æði, sið, of one’s manner or personal appearance, to bear oneself as, or the like; skjótr (seinn) á fæti, speedy ( slow) of foot, Nj. 258.
    IV. as a periphrasis of the possessive pronoun connected with the limbs or parts of the body. In common Icel. such phrases as my hands, eyes, head … are hardly ever used, but höfuð, eyru, hár, nef, munnr, hendr, fætr … á mér; so ‘í’ is used of the internal parts, e. g. hjarta, bein … í mér; the eyes are regarded as inside the body, augun í honum: also without the possessive pronoun, or as a periphrasis for a genitive, brjóstið á e-m, one’s breast, Nj. 95, Edda 15; súrnar í augum, it smarts in my eyes, my eyes smart, Nj. 202; kviðinn á sér, its belly, 655 xxx. 5, Fms. vi. 350; hendr á henni, her hands, Gísl. (in a verse); í vörunum á honum, on his lips, Band. 14; ristin á honum, his step, Fms. viii. 141; harðr í tungu, sharp of tongue, Hallfred (Fs. 114); kalt (heitt) á fingrum, höndum, fótum …, cold ( warm) in the fingers, hands, feet …, i. e. with cold fingers, etc.; cp. also the phrase, verða vísa (orð) á munni, of extemporising verses or speeches, freq. in the Sagas; fastr á fótum, fast by the leg, of a bondsman, Nj. 27: of the whole body, díla fundu þeir á honum, 209. The pers. pron. is used only in solemn style (poetry, hymns, the Bible), and perhaps only when influenced by foreign languages, e. g. mitt hjarta hví svo hryggist þú, as a translation of ‘warumb betrübst du dich mein Herz?’ the famous hymn by Hans Sachs; instead of the popular hjartað í mér, Sl. 43, 44: hjartað mitt is only used as a term of endearment, as by a husband to his wife, parents to their child, or the like, in a metaphorical sense; the heart proper is ‘í mér,’ not ‘mitt.’
    2. of other things, and as a periphrasis of a genitive, of a part belonging to the whole, e. g. dyrr á husi = húsdyrr, at the house-doors; turn á kirkju = kirkju turn; stafn, skutr, segl, árar … á skipi, the stem, stern, sail … of a ship, Fms. ix. 135; blöð á lauk, á tré …, leaves of a leek, of a tree …, Fas. i. 469; egg á sverði = sverðs egg; stafr á bók; kjölr á bók, and in endless other instances.
    V. denoting instrumentality, by, on, or a-, by means of; afla fjár á hólmgöngum, to make money a-duelling, by means of duels, Eg. 498; á verkum sínum, to subsist on one’s own work, Njarð. 366: as a law term, sekjast á e-ju, to be convicted upon …, Grág. i. 123; sekst maðr þar á sínu eigini ( a man is guilty in re sua), ef hann tekr af þeim manni er heimild ( possessio) hefir til, ii. 191; falla á verkum sínum, to be killed flagranti delicto, v. above; fella e-n á bragði, by a sleight in wrestling; komast undan á flótta, to escape by flight, Eg. 11; á hlaupi, by one’s feet, by speed, Hkr. ii. 168; lifa á e-u, to feed on; bergja á e-u, to taste of a thing; svala sér á e-u, to quench the thirst on.
    VI. with subst. numerals; á þriðja tigi manna, up to thirty, i. e. from about twenty to thirty, Ld. 194; á öðru hundraði skipa, from one to two hundred sail strong, Fms. x. 126; á níunda tigi, between eighty and ninety years of age, Eg. 764, v. above: used as prep., á hendi, on one’s hand, i. e. bound to do it, v. hönd.
    VII. in more or less adverbial phrases it may often be translated in Engl. by a participle and a- prefixed; á lopti, aloft; á floti, afloat; á lífi, alive; á verðgangi, a-begging; á brautu, away; á baki, a-back, behind, past; á milli, a-tween; á laun, alone, secretly; á launungu, id.; á móti, against; á enda, at an end, gone; á huldu, hidden; fara á hæli, to go a-heel, i. e. backwards, Fms. vii. 70;—but in many cases these phrases are transl. by the Engl. partic. with a, which is then perh. a mere prefix, not a prep., á flugi, a-flying in the air, Nj. 79; vera á gangi, a-going; á ferli, to be about; á leiki, a-playing, Fms. i. 78; á sundi, a-swimming, ii. 27; á verði, a-watching, x. 201; á hrakningi, a-wandering; á reiki, a-wavering; á skjálfi, a-shivering; á-hleri, a-listening; á tali, a-talking, Ísl. ii. 200; á hlaupi, a-running, Hkr. ii. 268; á verki, a-working; á veiðum, a-hunting; á fiski, a-fishing; á beit, grazing: and as a law term it even means in flagranti, N. G. L. i. 348.
    VIII. used absolutely without a case in reference to the air or the weather, where ‘á’ is almost redundant; þoka var á mikil, a thick fog came on, Nj. 267; niðamyrkr var á, pitch darkness came on, Eg. 210; allhvast á norðan, a very strong breeze from the north, Fms. ix. 20; þá var á norðrænt, a north wind came on, 42, Ld. 56; hvaðan sem á er, from whatever point the wind is; var á hríð veðrs, a snow storm came on, Nj. 282; görði á regn, rain came on, Fms. vi. 394, xi. 35, Ld. 156.
    WITH ACC.
    A. Loc.
    I. denoting simple direction towards, esp. connected with verbs of motion, going, or the like; hann gékk á bergsnös, Eg. 389; á hamar, Fas. ii. 517.
    2. in phrases denoting direction; liggja á útborða, lying on the outside of the ship, Eg. 354; á annat borð skipinu, Fms. vii. 260; á bæði borð, on both sides of the ship, Nj. 124, Ld. 56; á tvær hliðar, on both sides, Fms. v. 73. Ísl. ii. 159; á hlið, sidewards; út á hlið, Nj. 262, Edda 44; á aðra hönd henni, Nj. 50, Ld. 46; höggva á tvær hendr, to hew or strike right and left, Ísl. ii. 368, Fas. i. 384, Fms. viii. 363, x. 383.
    3. upp á, upon; hann tók augu Þjaza ok kastaði upp á himin, Edda 47: with verbs denoting to look, see, horfa, sjá, líta, etc.; hann rak skygnur á land, he cast glances towards the land, Ld. 154.
    II. denoting direction with or without the idea of arriving:
    1. with verbs denoting to aim at; of a blow or thrust, stefna á fótinn, Nj. 84; spjótið stefnir á hann miðjan, 205: of the wind, gékk veðrit á vestr, the wind veered to west, Fms. ix. 28; sigla á haf, to stand out to sea, Hkr. i. 146, Fms. i. 39: with ‘út’ added, Eg. 390, Fms. x. 349.
    2. conveying the notion of arriving, or the intervening space being traversed; spjótið kom á miðjan skjöldinn, Eg. 379, Nj. 96, 97; langt upp á land, far up inland, Hkr. i. 146: to reach, taka ofan á belti, of the long locks of a woman, to reach down to the belt, Nj. 2; ofan á bringu, 48; á þa ofan, 91.
    III. without reference to the space traversed, connected with verbs denoting to go, turn, come, ride, sail, throw, or the like, motion of every kind; hann kastar honum á völlinn, he flings him down, Nj. 91; hlaupa á skip sitt, to leap on board his ship, 43; á hest, to mount quickly, Edda 75; á lend hestinum, Nj. 91; hann gengr á sáðland sitt, he walks on to his fields, 82: on, upon, komast á fætr, to get upon one’s legs, 92; ganga á land, to go a-shore, Fms. i. 40; ganga á þing, vii. 242, Grág. (often); á skóg, á merkr ok skóga, into a wood, Fb. i. 134, 257, Fms. xi. 118, Eg. 577, Nj. 130; fara á Finnmörk, to go travelling in Finmark, Fms. i. 8; koma, fara á bæ, to arrive at the farm-house; koma á veginn, Eg. 578; stíga á bát, skip, to go on board, 158; hann gékk upp á borg, he went up to the burg (castle), 717; en er þeir komu á loptriðið, 236; hrinda skipum á vatn, to float the ships down into the water, Fms. i. 58; reka austr á haf, to drift eastwards on the sea, x. 145; ríða ofan á, to ride down or over, Nj. 82.
    IV. in some cases the acc. is used where the dat. would be used, esp. with verbs denoting to see or hear, in such phrases as, þeir sá boða mikinn inn á fjörðinn, they saw great breakers away up in the bight of the firth, the acc. being due perhaps to a motion or direction of the eye or ear towards the object, Nj. 124; sá þeir fólkit á land, they saw the people in the direction of land, Fas. ii. 517: in phrases denoting to be placed, to sit, to be seated, the seat or bench is freq. in the acc. where the dat. would now be used; konungr var þar á land upp, the king was then up the country, the spectator or narrator is conceived as looking from the shore or sea-side, Nj. 46; sitja á miðjan bekk, to be seated on the middle bench, 50; skyldi konungs sæti vera á þann bekk … annat öndvegi var á hinn úæðra pall; hann setti konungs hásæti á miðjan þverpall, Fms. vi. 439, 440, cp. Fagrsk. l. c., Sturl. iii. 182; eru víða fjallbygðir upp á mörkina, in the mark or forest, Eg. 58; var þar mörk mikil á land upp, 229; mannsafnaðr er á land upp (viewed from the sea), Ld. 76; stóll var settr á mótið, Fas. i. 58; beiða fars á skip, to beg a passage, Grág. i. 90.
    V. denoting parts of the body; bíta e-n á barka, to bite one in the throat, Ísl. ii. 447; skera á háls, to cut the throat of any one, Nj. 156; brjóta e-n á háls, to break any one’s neck; brjóta e-n á bak, to break any one’s back, Fms. vii. 119; kalinn á kné, frozen to the knees with cold, Hm. 3.
    VI. denoting round; láta reipi á háls hesti, round his horse’s neck, 623. 33; leggja söðul á hest, Nj. 83; and ellipt., leggja á, to saddle; breiða feld á hofuð sér, to wrap a cloak over his head, 164; reyta á sik mosa, to gather moss to cover oneself with, 267; spenna hring á hönd, á fingr, Eg. 300.
    VII. denoting a burden; stela mat á tvá hesta, hey á fimtán hesta, i. e. a two, a fifteen horse load, Nj. 74: metaph., kjósa feigð á menn, to choose death upon them, i. e. doom them to death, Edda 22.
    B. TEMP.
    I. of a period of time, at, to; á morgun, to-morrow (í morgun now means the past morning, the morning of to-day), Ísl. ii. 333.
    II. if connected with the word day, ‘á’ is now used before a fixed or marked day, a day of the week, a feast day, or the like; á Laugardag, á Sunnudag …, on Saturday, Sunday, the Old Engl. a-Sunday, a-Monday, etc.; á Jóladaginn, Páskadaginn, on Yule and Easter-day; but in old writers more often used ellipt. Sunnudaginn, Jóladaginn …, by dropping the prep. ‘á,’ Fms. viii. 397, Grág. i. 18.
    III. connected with ‘dagr’ with the definite article suffixed, ‘á’ denotes a fixed, recurring period or season, in; á daginn, during the day-time, every day in turn, Grett. 91 A.
    IV. connected with ‘evening, morning, the seasons,’ with the article; á kveldit, every evening, Ld. 14; á sumarit, every summer, Vd. 128, where the new Ed. Fs. 51 reads sumrum; á haust, every autumn, Eg. 741 (perh. a misprint instead of á haustin or á haustum); á vetrinn, in the winter time, 710; á várit, every spring, Gþl. 347; the sing., however, is very rare in such cases, the old as well as mod. usage prefers the plur.; á nætrnar, by night, Nj. 210; á várin, Eg. 710; á sumrin, haustin, á morgnana, in the morning (á morgin, sing., means to-morrow); á kveldin, in the evening, only ‘dagr’ is used in sing., v. above (á daginn, not á dagana); but elliptically and by dropping the article, Icelanders say, kveld og morgna, nótt og dag, vetr sumar vor og haust, in the same sense as those above mentioned.
    V. denoting duration, the article is dropped in the negative phrase, aldri á sinn dag, never during one’s life; aldri á mína daga, never in my life, Bjarn. 8, where a possess. pron. is put between noun and prep., but this phrase is very rare. Such phrases as, á þann dag, that day, and á þenna dag, Stj. 12, 655 xxx. 2. 20, are unclassical.
    VI. á dag without article can only be used in a distributive sense, e. g. tvisvar á dag, twice a-day; this use is at present freq. in Icel., yet instances from old writers are not on record.
    VII. denoting a movement onward in time, such as, liðið á nótt, dag, kveld, morgun, sumar, vetr, vár, haust (or nóttina, daginn …), jól, páska, föstu, or the like, far on in the night, day …, Edda 33; er á leið vetrinn, when the winter was well on, as the winter wore on, Nj. 126; cp. áliðinn: also in the phrase, hniginn á inn efra aldr, well stricken in years, Ld. 68.
    C. Metaph. and in various relations:
    I. somewhat metaphorically, denoting an act only (not the place); fara á fund, á vit e-s, to call for one, Eg. 140; koma á ræðu við e-n, to come to a parley with, to speak, 173; ganga á tal, Nj. 103; skora á hólm, to challenge to a duel on an island; koma á grið, to enter into a service, to be domiciled, Grág. i. 151; fara á veiðar, to go a-hunting, Fms. i. 8.
    β. generally denoting on, upon, in, to; bjóða vöxtu á féit, to offer interest on the money, Grág. i. 198; ganga á berhögg, to come to blows, v. berhögg; fá á e-n, to make an impression upon one, Nj. 79; ganga á vápn e-s, to throw oneself on an enemy’s weapon, meet him face to face, Rd. 310; ganga á lagið, to press on up the spear-shaft after it has passed through one so as to get near one’s foe, i. e. to avail oneself of the last chance; bera fé á e-n, to bribe, Nj. 62; bera öl á e-n, to make drunk, Fas. i. 13; snúinn á e-t, inclined to, Fms. x. 142; sammælast á e-t, to agree upon, Nj. 86; sættast, verða sáttr á e-t, in the same sense, to come to an agreement, settlement, or atonement, 78, Edda 15, Eb. 288, Ld. 50, Fms. i. 279; ganga á mála, to serve for pay as a soldier, Nj. 121; ganga á vald e-s, to put oneself in his power, 267; ganga á sætt, to break an agreement; vega á veittar trygðir, to break truce, Grág. ii. 169.
    II. denoting in regard to, in respect to:
    1. of colour, complexion, the hue of the hair, or the like; hvítr, jarpr, dökkr … á hár, having white, brown, or dark … hair, Ísl. ii. 190, Nj. 39; svartr á brún ok brá, dark of brow and eyebrow; dökkr á hörund, id., etc.
    2. denoting skill, dexterity; hagr á tré, a good carpenter; hagr á járn, málm, smíðar …, an expert worker in iron, metals …, Eg. 4; fimr á boga, good at the bow: also used of mastership in science or arts, meistari á hörpuslátt, a master in striking the harp, Fas. iii. 220; fræðimaðr á kvæði, knowing many poems by heart, Fms. vi. 391; fræðimaðr á landnámssögur ok forna fræði, a learned scholar in histories and antiquities (of Are Frode), Ísl. ii. 189; mikill á íþrótt, skilful in an art, Edda (pref.) 148; but dat. in the phrase, kunna (vel) á skíðum, to be a cunning skater, Fms. i. 9, vii. 120.
    3. denoting dimensions; á hæð, lengd, breidd, dýpt …, in the heighth, length, breadth, depth …, Eg. 277; á hvern veg, on each side, Edda 41 (square miles); á annan veg, on the one side, Grág. i. 89.
    β. the phrase, á sik, in regard to oneself, vel (illa) á sik kominn, of a fine ( ugly) appearance, Ld. 100, Fas. iii. 74.
    III. denoting instrumentality; bjargast á sínar hendr, to live on the work of one’s own hands, (á sínar spýtur is a mod. phrase in the same sense); (vega) á skálir, pundara, to weigh in scales, Grág. ii. 370; at hann hefði tvá pundara, ok hefði á hinn meira keypt en á hinn minna selt, of a man using two scales, a big one for buying and a little one for selling, Sturl. i. 91; á sinn kostnað, at one’s own expense; nefna e-n á nafn, by name, Grág. i. 17, etc. The Icel. also say, spinna á rokk, snældu, to spin on or with a rock or distaff; mala á kvern, to grind in a ‘querne,’ where Edda 73 uses dat.; esp. of musical instruments, syngja, leika á hljóðfæri, hörpu, gígju …; in the old usage, leika hörpu …, Stj. 458.
    IV. denoting the manner or way of doing:
    1. á þessa lund, in this wise, Grág. ii. 22; á marga vega, á alla, ymsa vega, in many, all, respects, Fms. i. 114; á sitt hóf, in its turn, respectively, Ld. 136, where the context shews that the expression answers to the Lat. mutatis mutandis; á Þýðersku, after German fashion, Sks. 288.
    2. esp. of language; mæla, rita á e-a tungu, to speak, write in a tongue; á Írsku, in Irish, Ld. 76; Norrænu, in Norse, Eb. 330, Vm. 35; a Danska tungu, in Danish, i. e. Scandinavian, Norse, or Icelandic, Grág. i. 18; á Vára tungu, i. e. in Icelandic, 181; rita á Norræna tungu, to write in Norse, Hkr. (pref.), Bs. i. 59:—at present, dat. is sometimes used.
    3. in some phrases the acc. is used instead of the dat.; hann sýndi á sik mikit gaman, Fms. x. 329; hann lét ekki á sik finna, he shewed no sign of motion, Nj. 111; skaltú önga fáleika á þik gera (Cod. Kalf.), 14.
    V. used in a distributive sense; skal mörk kaupa gæzlu á kú, eðr oxa fim vetra gamlan, a mark for every cow, Grág. i. 147; alin á hvert hross, 442; á mann, per man (now freq.): cp. also á dag above, lit. B.
    VI. connected with nouns,
    1. prepositional; á hendr (with dat.), against; á hæla, at heel, close behind; á bak, at back, i. e. past, after; á vit (with gen.), towards.
    2. adverbially; á braut, away, abroad; á víxl, in turns; á mis, amiss; á víð ok dreif, a-wide and a-drift, i. e. dispersedly.
    3. used almost redundantly before the following prep.; á eptir, after, behind; á undan, in front of; á meðal, á milli, among; á mót, against; á við, about, alike; á frá (cp. Swed. ifrån), from (rare); á fyrir = fyrir, Haustl. 1; á hjá, beside (rare); á fram, a-head, forwards; á samt, together; ávalt = of allt, always: following a prep., upp á, upon; niðr á, down upon; ofan á, eptir á, post eventum, (temp.) á eptir is loc., id., etc.
    VII. connected with many transitive verbs, answering to the Lat. ad- or in-, in composition, in many cases periphrastically for an objective case. The prep. generally follows after the verb, instead of being prefixed to it as in Lat., and answers to the Engl. on, to; heita kalla, hrópa á, to call on; heyra, hlusta, hlyða á, to hearken to, listen to; hyggja, hugsa á, to think on; minna á, to remind; sjá, líta, horfa, stara, mæna, glápa, koma auga … á, to look on; girnast á, to wish for; trúa á, to believe on; skora á, to call on any one to come out, challenge; kæra á, to accuse; heilsa á, to greet; herja, ganga, ríða, hlaupa, ráða … á, to fall on, attack, cp. ágangr, áreið, áhlaup; ljúga á, to tell lies of, to slander; telja á, to carp at; ausa, tala, hella, kasta, verpa … á, to pour, throw on; ríða, bera, dreifa á, to sprinkle on; vanta, skorta á, to fall short of; ala á, to plead, beg; leggja á, to throw a spell on, lay a saddle on; hætta á, to venture on; gizka á, to guess at; kveða á, to fix on, etc.: in a reciprocal sense, haldast á, of mutual strife; sendast á, to exchange presents; skrifast á, to correspond (mod.); kallast á, to shout mutually; standast á, to coincide, so as to be just opposite one another, etc.
    2.
    f. [Lat. aqua; Goth. ahva; Hel. aha; A. S. eâ; O. H. G. aha, owa; cp. Germ. ach and aue; Fr. eau, eaux; Engl. Ax-, Ex-, etc., in names of places; Swed.-Dan. å; the Scandinavians absorb the hu, so that only a single vowel or diphthong remains of the whole word]:—a river. The old form in nom. dat. acc. sing. is , v. the introduction to A, page 1, Bs. i. 333 sq., where ́n, ́ (acc.), and ́na; so also Greg. 677; the old fragm. of Grág. ii. 222, 223, new Ed. In the Kb. of the Edda the old form occurs twice, viz. page 75, ́na (acc.), (but two lines below, ána), í ́nni (dat.) The old form also repeatedly occurs in the Kb. and Sb. of the Grág., e. g. ii. 266, 267: gen. sing. ár; nom. pl. ár, gen. á contracted, dat. ám, obsolete form ́m; Edda 43, Eg. 80, 99, 133, 185: proverbs, at ósi skal á stemma, answering to the Lat. principiis obsta, Edda 60; hér kemr á til sæfar, here the river runs into the sea, metaph. = this is the very end, seems to have been a favourite ending of old poems; it is recorded in the Húsdrápa and the Norðsetadrápa, v. Edda 96, Skálda 198; cp. the common saying, oil vötn renna til sævar, ‘all waters run into the sea.’ Rivers with glacier water are in Icel. called Hvítá, White river, or Jökulsá: Hitá, Hot river, from a hot spring, opp. to Kaldá, v. Landn.: others take a name from the fish in them, as Laxá, Lax or Salmon river (freq.); Örriða á, etc.: a tributary river is þverá, etc.: ár in the Njála often means the great rivers Ölfusá and Þjórsá in the south of Iceland. Áin helga, a river in Sweden, Hkr. ii: á is also suffixed to the names of foreign rivers, Tempsá = Thames; Dóná, Danube (Germ. Don-au), (mod.), etc. Vide Edda (Gl.) 116, 117, containing the names of over a hundred North-English and Scottish rivers.
    COMPDS: áráll, árbakki, árbrot, ardjúp, árfarvegr, árfors, árgljúfr, árhlutr, ármegin, árminni, ármót, áróss, árreki, árstraumr, árströnd, árvað, árvegr, árvöxtr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > Á

  • 5 abatido

    adj.
    1 depressed, despondent, crestfallen, dejected.
    2 contemptible, despicable.
    3 devalued, fallen in price, depreciated.
    m.
    slating, boarding.
    past part.
    past participle of spanish verb: abatir.
    * * *
    1→ link=abatir abatir
    1 (deprimido) dejected, depressed
    2 (despreciable) despicable, low
    3 (fruta) fallen, drooping
    * * *
    (f. - abatida)
    adj.
    * * *
    ADJ
    1) (=deprimido) depressed, dejected

    tener la cara abatida — to be crestfallen, look dejected

    2) (=despreciable) despicable, contemptible
    3) (Com, Econ) depreciated
    * * *
    - da adjetivo
    a) [estar] (deprimido, triste) depressed
    b) [estar] ( desanimado) downhearted, dispirited
    * * *
    = disheartened, depressed, abject, despondent, abjected, dispirited, hipped.
    Ex. This paper describes a case study where a proposal by the city manager to cut the budget of the public library by 40% has left the library director very disheartened.
    Ex. As I said in the study I did on the subject analysis of nonbook materials, the problem that librarians and media specialists felt most depressed about was the cataloging of music recordings.
    Ex. Her art works incorporate such abject materials as dirt, hair, excrement, dead animals, menstrual blood and rotting food in order to confront taboo issues of gender and sexuality.
    Ex. Perhaps those who come from the smaller nations feel even more despondent about their plight.
    Ex. In this study of sapphism in the British novel, Moore often directs our attention to the periphery of sapphic romances, when an abjected body suffers on behalf of the stainless heroine.
    Ex. The text around the rim of the teacup, from Marcel Proust, reads: ' Dispirited after a dreary day, with the prospect of a depressing morrow'.
    Ex. His in danger of becoming hipped, a prey to his own doubts and fears, and unable to accomplish anything in life beyond catering to his own morbid fancies.
    ----
    * abatidos, los = dismayed, the.
    * * *
    - da adjetivo
    a) [estar] (deprimido, triste) depressed
    b) [estar] ( desanimado) downhearted, dispirited
    * * *
    = disheartened, depressed, abject, despondent, abjected, dispirited, hipped.

    Ex: This paper describes a case study where a proposal by the city manager to cut the budget of the public library by 40% has left the library director very disheartened.

    Ex: As I said in the study I did on the subject analysis of nonbook materials, the problem that librarians and media specialists felt most depressed about was the cataloging of music recordings.
    Ex: Her art works incorporate such abject materials as dirt, hair, excrement, dead animals, menstrual blood and rotting food in order to confront taboo issues of gender and sexuality.
    Ex: Perhaps those who come from the smaller nations feel even more despondent about their plight.
    Ex: In this study of sapphism in the British novel, Moore often directs our attention to the periphery of sapphic romances, when an abjected body suffers on behalf of the stainless heroine.
    Ex: The text around the rim of the teacup, from Marcel Proust, reads: ' Dispirited after a dreary day, with the prospect of a depressing morrow'.
    Ex: His in danger of becoming hipped, a prey to his own doubts and fears, and unable to accomplish anything in life beyond catering to his own morbid fancies.
    * abatidos, los = dismayed, the.

    * * *
    abatido -da
    1 [ ESTAR] (deprimido, triste) depressed
    está muy abatido por su muerte her death has left him very depressed o feeling very low
    siempre ha sido tan alegre y ahora lo veo tan abatido he's always been such a cheerful person and now he seems so dejected o downhearted o despondent
    la enfermedad lo tiene muy abatido he's feeling very low o very down because of his illness
    2 [ ESTAR] (desanimado) depressed, downhearted, dispirited, despondent
    * * *

    Del verbo abatir: ( conjugate abatir)

    abatido es:

    el participio

    Multiple Entries:
    abatido    
    abatir
    abatido
    ◊ -da adjetivo [estar] (deprimido, triste) depressed;


    ( desanimado) downhearted, dispirited
    abatir ( conjugate abatir) verbo transitivo
    1 ( derribar) ‹pájaro/avión› to bring down;
    ‹muro/edificio› to knock down;
    ‹ árbol› to fell;

    2 (deprimir, entristecer):

    no te dejes abatido por las preocupaciones don't let your worries get you down
    3 ‹ asiento› to recline
    abatirse verbo pronominal
    1 ( deprimirse) to get depressed
    2 (frml) abatidose sobre algo/algn [pájaro/avión] to swoop down on sth/sb;
    [ desgracia] to befall sth/sb (frml);

    abatido,-a adjetivo dejected, depressed, downhearted
    abatir verbo transitivo
    1 (derribar, derrumbar) to knock down, pull down: los enemigos abatieron tres de nuestros aviones, the enemy shot down three of our planes
    2 (tumbar el respaldo) to fold down
    3 (desalentar) to depress, dishearten: las malas noticias no nos abatieron, the bad news didn't discourage us
    ' abatido' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abatida
    - aplanar
    - desanimada
    - desanimado
    - deshecha
    - deshecho
    - polvo
    - sombría
    - sombrío
    - abatir
    English:
    dejected
    - despondent
    - dishearten
    - downcast
    - glum
    - grief-stricken
    - mope
    - prostrate
    - depressed
    - dispirited
    - down
    - miserable
    * * *
    abatido, -a adj
    dejected, downhearted;
    está muy abatido por la muerte de su padre he's feeling very down because of his father's death;
    “no me quiere”, respondió abatido “she doesn't love me,” he said dejectedly o downheartedly
    * * *
    I adj depressed
    II part → abatir
    * * *
    abatido, -da adj
    : dejected, depressed

    Spanish-English dictionary > abatido

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