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1 Architecture
Portugal maintains an important architectural legacy from a long history of contact with invaders and other visitors who brought architectural ideas from Western Europe and North Africa. Among the migrants were Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Germanic peoples, and Arabs, as well as visitors from France, Italy, Holland, Germany, Spain, and Great Britain.Architecture in Portugal has been influenced by the broad Western architectural styles, including Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, and Neoclassicism. Two Portuguese architectural styles are unique, the Manueline architectural style and the Pombaline, named after the dictator the Marquis of Pombal. Pre-Roman-esque styles include early Megalithic structures, Roman styles, and Moorish or Arab styles, when Portugal was occupied by Muslims (711-1290). This period of Moorish castles and mosques, most but not all of which were razed, was followed by the Romanesque period (1100-ca. 1230), when many churches, monasteries, castles, and palaces were constructed.There followed the Gothic period (ca. 1200-1450), which was dominated by buildings for the Church, the monarchy, and the nobility. Related to Portugal's overseas empire, the kingdom's new role briefly as a world power, especially on the seas, and to the reign of King Manuel I, is the Manueline architectural style, described by scholars as "Atlantic Baroque" (ca. 1490-1520), a bold Portuguese version of late Gothic style. This was followed by styles of Renaissance and Mannerism (ca. 1520-1650), including the "Plain style," which was influenced by Castilian styles under King Felipe I.Following the period 1580 to 1640, when Spain ruled Portugal, there was restoration architecture (1640-1717) and then the Baroque style (1717-55). The largest and most unusual building from this era, the Mafra Palace, is said to be even larger than Spain's El Escorial. Following the Lisbon Earthquake of 1755, was Pombaline style (1755-1860), a blend of late Baroque and Neoclassicism, which began when Pombal's government oversaw the reconstruction of large sections of central Lisbon. Modern architecture followed this period, a style influenced in the 20th century by one of Europe's best architecture schools, the so-called Escola do Porto (School of Oporto). This school is the Faculdade de Arquitectura (School of Architecture), and alumni include celebrated architects Fernando Tavora; Álvaro Siza Vieira, designer of the Portuguese pavilion at Expo '98, Lisbon; and Eduardo Souto de Moura. Despite tragic losses of historic structures due to urban development, since the 1930s many Portuguese governments have sought to preserve and restore the remaining historic legacy of architecture. -
2 estilo arquitectónico
(n.) = architectural styleEx. Throughout history, architectural styles have been primarily and distinctively regional.* * *(n.) = architectural styleEx: Throughout history, architectural styles have been primarily and distinctively regional.
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3 a gusto
adv.at ease, at will, comfortably, to one's heart's content.* * *comfortable, at ease* * *= at ease, at leisureEx. The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.Ex. Equally the housewife happily crossing off her numbers in the bingo hall is just as much at leisure as is her husband painting his pigeon loft and then going for a drink with his mates at the pub.* * *= at ease, at leisureEx: The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.
Ex: Equally the housewife happily crossing off her numbers in the bingo hall is just as much at leisure as is her husband painting his pigeon loft and then going for a drink with his mates at the pub. -
4 agobiado
adj.1 overwhelmed, overburdened.2 exhausted, tired.3 weighed-down, bent-over, bent, bowed.past part.past participle of spanish verb: agobiar.* * *1→ link=agobiar agobiar► adjetivo1 (doblado) bent over/down, weighed down* * *ADJ1) [persona]estar agobiado: estamos agobiados de trabajo — we're up to our eyes in work *
estaba agobiada por tantas visitas — she found all these visitors overwhelming o a bit too much *
no puedo hacerlo porque estoy agobiado con otras cosas — I can't do it, I'm rushed off my feet with other things * o I've got too much else on *
2) [lugar] clutteredel dormitorio queda muy agobiado con tantos muebles — the bedroom is very cluttered with all the furniture
3)ser agobiado de hombros — Cono Sur to have a stoop
* * *- da adjetivoa) ( abrumado)b) (esp Esp) ( angustiado)estar agobiado — to be in a real state (colloq)
* * *= oppressed, harassed, under the cosh, stressed, harried, beleaguered.Ex. The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.Ex. This article offers 3 remedies for harassed acquisitions librarians in the areas of booksellers, money and technology.Ex. Motorists are under the cosh, feel taxed to the hilt and face record prices at the pumps.Ex. Australia is 'in a different league' to most stressed world economies because of the stability of its banks and China's hunger for its exports.Ex. But working mothers' lives are much more harried than the average American's.Ex. The prospect of cost savings for beleaguered university budgets have revitalized in resource sharing.----* agobiado de trabajo = up to + Posesivo + eyeballs in work.* agobiado por las preocupaciones = careworn.* agobiado por problemas = beset with + problems.* estar agobiado de = be snowed under with.* * *- da adjetivoa) ( abrumado)b) (esp Esp) ( angustiado)estar agobiado — to be in a real state (colloq)
* * *= oppressed, harassed, under the cosh, stressed, harried, beleaguered.Ex: The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.
Ex: This article offers 3 remedies for harassed acquisitions librarians in the areas of booksellers, money and technology.Ex: Motorists are under the cosh, feel taxed to the hilt and face record prices at the pumps.Ex: Australia is 'in a different league' to most stressed world economies because of the stability of its banks and China's hunger for its exports.Ex: But working mothers' lives are much more harried than the average American's.Ex: The prospect of cost savings for beleaguered university budgets have revitalized in resource sharing.* agobiado de trabajo = up to + Posesivo + eyeballs in work.* agobiado por las preocupaciones = careworn.* agobiado por problemas = beset with + problems.* estar agobiado de = be snowed under with.* * *agobiado -da1(abrumado): estamos agobiados de trabajo we're rushed off our feet with work ( colloq), we're snowed under with workestán agobiados de deudas they are burdened with debts, they're up to their ears in debt ( colloq)estaba agobiada con tantos problemas she was weighed down by so many problems2camina agobiado de hombros he walks with a stoop* * *
Del verbo agobiar: ( conjugate agobiar)
agobiado es:
el participio
Multiple Entries:
agobiado
agobiar
agobiado◊ -da adjetivo [estar] agobiado de algo ‹ de trabajo› snowed under with sth;
‹ de deudas› overwhelmed with sth;
agobiar ( conjugate agobiar) verbo transitivo [problemas/responsabilidad] to weigh o get … down;
[ calor] to oppress, get … down;
este niño me agobia this child is too much for me
agobiado,-a adjetivo overwhelmed: está agobiado de problemas, he's overwhelmed with problems
estoy agobiado de trabajo, I'm snowed under with work
agobiar verbo transitivo to overwhelm
' agobiado' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
agobiada
- apurada
- apurado
English:
debt ridden
- pressure
* * *agobiado, -a adjestán agobiados de trabajo they're snowed under with work;están agobiados de problemas they're weighed down with problems;está agobiado por las deudas he's weighed down with debt, he's up to his ears in debt;está agobiado por el éxito the burden of his success is beginning to tell on him* * *adj figstressed out;agobiado de trabajo snowed under with work* * *agobiado, -da adj: weary, worn-out, weighted-down -
5 confortable
adj.comfortable.* * *► adjetivo1 comfortable* * *1.ADJ comfortable2.SM And sofa* * *adjetivo comfortable* * *= comfortable, cosy [cozy, -USA], at ease, comfy [comfier -comp., comfiest -sup.].Nota: Abreviatura de comfortable.Ex. A modern comfortable library could look like that in Berlin's Tiergarten, with its opne-air gardens, or resemble Evanston's library with its comfortable chairs and elegant (and, one hopes, safe) fireplaces.Ex. For those involved in producing BNB, the eighties have seen this question leap in a single bound intoáthe realm of stark reality from the cosy abstraction of AACR2.Ex. The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.Ex. The main focus of the camp is to allow dogs to socialize, exercise and have a comfy place to bunk down at night.----* decir que Uno se siente confortable con Algo = express + comfort with.* encontrar confortable = find + comfortable.* encontrarse confortable = be at ease.* poco confortable = uncomfortable.* sentirse confortable = be at ease.* * *adjetivo comfortable* * *= comfortable, cosy [cozy, -USA], at ease, comfy [comfier -comp., comfiest -sup.].Nota: Abreviatura de comfortable.Ex: A modern comfortable library could look like that in Berlin's Tiergarten, with its opne-air gardens, or resemble Evanston's library with its comfortable chairs and elegant (and, one hopes, safe) fireplaces.
Ex: For those involved in producing BNB, the eighties have seen this question leap in a single bound intoáthe realm of stark reality from the cosy abstraction of AACR2.Ex: The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.Ex: The main focus of the camp is to allow dogs to socialize, exercise and have a comfy place to bunk down at night.* decir que Uno se siente confortable con Algo = express + comfort with.* encontrar confortable = find + comfortable.* encontrarse confortable = be at ease.* poco confortable = uncomfortable.* sentirse confortable = be at ease.* * *comfortable* * *
confortable adjetivo
comfortable
confortable adjetivo comfortable
' confortable' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cómodo
English:
comfortable
* * *confortable adjcomfortable* * *adj comfortable* * *confortable adjcómodo: comfortable* * *confortable adj comfortable -
6 cómodo
adj.1 comfortable, cosy, snug, cozy.2 comfortable, well-off.3 convenient.4 commodious, roomy, ample.m.bedpan.* * *► adjetivo1 comfortable, cosy2 (útil) convenient, handy3 (carácter) easy-going\ponerse cómodo,-a to make oneself comfortable* * *(f. - cómoda)adj.1) comfortable2) convenient* * *ADJ1) (=confortable) [cama, silla, habitación] comfortable; [trabajo, tarea] agreeable2) (=conveniente) [instrumento, objeto] handy; [arreglo, horario] convenient3) (=descansado) comfortableponerse cómodo — to make o.s. comfortable
4) [persona] (=perezoso) lazy; (=tranquilo) laid-back ** * *- da adjetivo1)a) ( confortable) comfortable, comfy (colloq)b) (conveniente, fácil) <horario/sistema> convenient2) ( holgazán) lazy, idle* * *= comfortable, cosy [cozy, -USA], at ease, comfy [comfier -comp., comfiest -sup.].Nota: Abreviatura de comfortable.Ex. A modern comfortable library could look like that in Berlin's Tiergarten, with its opne-air gardens, or resemble Evanston's library with its comfortable chairs and elegant (and, one hopes, safe) fireplaces.Ex. For those involved in producing BNB, the eighties have seen this question leap in a single bound intoáthe realm of stark reality from the cosy abstraction of AACR2.Ex. The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.Ex. The main focus of the camp is to allow dogs to socialize, exercise and have a comfy place to bunk down at night.----* cómodo y calentito = snug [snugger -comp., snuggest -sup.].* decir que Uno se siente cómodo con Algo = express + comfort with.* resultar cómodo = be easy.* sentirse cómodo con = be comfortable with.* * *- da adjetivo1)a) ( confortable) comfortable, comfy (colloq)b) (conveniente, fácil) <horario/sistema> convenient2) ( holgazán) lazy, idle* * *= comfortable, cosy [cozy, -USA], at ease, comfy [comfier -comp., comfiest -sup.].Nota: Abreviatura de comfortable.Ex: A modern comfortable library could look like that in Berlin's Tiergarten, with its opne-air gardens, or resemble Evanston's library with its comfortable chairs and elegant (and, one hopes, safe) fireplaces.
Ex: For those involved in producing BNB, the eighties have seen this question leap in a single bound intoáthe realm of stark reality from the cosy abstraction of AACR2.Ex: The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.Ex: The main focus of the camp is to allow dogs to socialize, exercise and have a comfy place to bunk down at night.* cómodo y calentito = snug [snugger -comp., snuggest -sup.].* decir que Uno se siente cómodo con Algo = express + comfort with.* resultar cómodo = be easy.* sentirse cómodo con = be comfortable with.* * *cómodo -daA1 (confortable) comfortable, comfy ( colloq)me siento or estoy cómoda con esta blusa I feel comfortable in this blouseponte cómodo make yourself at homeno me siento cómodo cuando hablan de tales cosas I feel uncomfortable when they talk about things like that2 (conveniente, fácil) ‹horario/sistema› convenientésa es una actitud/solución muy cómoda that's a very easy attitude to take/a very easy solutiones muy cómodo no tomar responsabilidades it's very easy not to take on responsibility, not taking on any responsibility is the easy way outeligió el camino más cómodo she took the soft optionB (holgazán) lazy, idle* * *
cómodo◊ -da adjetivo
cómodo,-a
I adjetivo
1 comfortable: ponte cómodo, make yourself comfortable
no me siento cómodo con tus padres, I don't feel comfortable with your parents
2 (fácil, conveniente) handy, convenient: es un trayecto muy cómodo, it's a very handy way
II sustantivo masculino y femenino lazy
' cómodo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
apoltronarse
- bicoca
- chollo
- cómoda
- resultar
- acomodar
- ancho
- bien
- conveniente
- poner
English:
comfortable
- convenient
- cushy
- easy
- home
- sensible
- settle
- sit back
- snug
- conveniently
- smooth
- undemanding
* * *cómodo, -a♦ adj1. [confortable] comfortable;estar cómodo to feel comfortable;ponte cómodo [como en casa] make yourself at home;no me siento cómodo delante de ellos I don't feel comfortable o I feel uncomfortable in their company;con estos zapatos voy muy cómodo I'm very comfortable in these shoes2. [conveniente] convenient;es muy cómodo que te traigan la compra a casa it's very convenient o handy having the shopping delivered to your home3. [oportuno, fácil] easy;es muy cómodo dejar que los demás decidan todo por ti it's very easy to let others make all the decisions for you4. [vago] lazy♦ nm,fser un cómodo to be lazy* * *adj comfortable;¡póngase cómodo! make yourself at home, make yourself comfortable* * *cómodo, -da adj1) confortable: comfortable2) : convenient♦ cómodamente adv* * *cómodo adj1. (confortable) comfortable¡qué sillón más cómodo! what a comfortable armchair!2. (conveniente) convenient -
7 oprimido
adj.oppressed, downcast, laden.past part.past participle of spanish verb: oprimir.* * *1→ link=oprimir oprimir► adjetivo1 oppressed► nombre masculino,nombre femenino1 oppressed person1 the oppressed* * *oprimido, -a1.ADJ oppressed2.SM / F•
los oprimidos — the oppressed* * *IIItenía el corazón oprimido por la pena — (liter) his heart was heavy with sadness (liter)
- da masculino, femenino* * *= oppressed, downtrodden.Ex. The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.Ex. This revolutionary syndicalist union consistently supported the most downtrodden & oppressed, & encouraged a cult of the unspoiled, heroic brawny proletarian with raw courage & 'natural' virtues.----* oprimidos, los = oppressed, the, downtrodden, the.* * *IIItenía el corazón oprimido por la pena — (liter) his heart was heavy with sadness (liter)
- da masculino, femenino* * *= oppressed, downtrodden.Ex: The architectural styles of some library buildings make the new user feel oppressed, rather than welcome and at ease.
Ex: This revolutionary syndicalist union consistently supported the most downtrodden & oppressed, & encouraged a cult of the unspoiled, heroic brawny proletarian with raw courage & 'natural' virtues.* oprimidos, los = oppressed, the, downtrodden, the.* * *‹pueblo› oppressedmasculine, femininelos oprimidos the oppressed* * *
Del verbo oprimir: ( conjugate oprimir)
oprimido es:
el participio
Multiple Entries:
oprimido
oprimir
oprimido
oprimir ( conjugate oprimir) verbo transitivo
oprimir verbo transitivo
1 (un botón) to press: la máquina se apaga cuando oprimes este botón, the machine turns off when you press this button
(zapatos, prenda) to be too tight
2 (someter) to oppress: el régimen militar oprimió a los ciudadanos, the military regime oppressed its citizens
' oprimido' also found in these entries:
English:
downtrodden
* * *oprimido, -a♦ adjoppressed♦ nm,flos oprimidos the oppressed -
8 miszmasz
a. misz-masz m sgt (G miszmaszu, misz-maszu) pot. (bezładna mieszanina) mishmash, hotchpotch; (zamęt, bałagan) muddle, mess- architektoniczny miszmasz an architectural mishmash, a mishmash a. hotchpotch of architectural styles- polityczny miszmasz a political mishmash a. muddle;* * *mipot. hodgepodge, jumble.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > miszmasz
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9 Pena, National Palace of
High above the National Palace of Sintra, on the top of the Sintra mountain range, lies Pena Palace, a product of 19th-century imagination and work. Constructed during the 1840s and 1850s, following the acquisition of a ruined ancient convent on the site, the palace was built by the consort of Queen Maria II, the German prince Ferdinand. It was destined to become the favorite summer residence of the royal family, a cooler spot than even the National Palace in the square below and with a view unmatched in Portugal. From the top of Pena Palace, on a clear day, one can see the Atlantic Ocean to the west and north and Lisbon to the east and south.The palace's romantic situation overlooking Sintra and beyond, a place made famous in 19th-century English literature by the writings of Lord Byron and William Beckford and a host of lesser-known travelers, is fully supported in the bizarre architecture of the building itself. Designed by a German military architect, Baron Von Eschweg, whose statue stands nearby on another mountain peak, so that his spirit may contemplate his famous handiwork, the palace's styles combine ancient, medieval, and modern forms. To visitors who know Disney World castles, Pena may appear to be a Magic Kingdom building. In addition to the Gothic and Manueline architectural styles, the Moorish touch is present in towers and a minaret. The interior rooms are rich in azulejos and historic furniture of the Victorian era.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Pena, National Palace of
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10 Sintra, National Palace of
Located off the main square in the town of Sintra, the National Palace is one of the country's oldest royal residences. Together with its rich mixture of architectural styles from different eras and cultures, the National Palace's long history of being the place where monarchs and councils made historic decisions makes the site today an especially appealing tourist attraction. With its origins in a 14th-century Gothic palace of the era of King Dinis (r. 1279-1325), this monument was added onto and altered in the course of the 15th century. It was in this palace that King João I made the vital decision in 1415 to send an expedition to capture Ceuta in Morocco, the beginning of Portugal's overseas empire. The most important additions to the palace, however, came between 1505 and 1520 under King Manuel I, and the Manueline architectural style was added to the original Gothic. The two massive Gothic kitchen chimneys from an earlier era were incorporated and not changed. Into the Manueline style was blended a strong Moorish art element including decorative tiles or azulejos and an adapted interior mosque, which was converted into a chapel. The National Palace contains the largest repository of the oldest azulejos, some dating to the 15th century, of any palace in Portugal. Among the unusual rooms must be counted the council room (with an ocean view), the Swan Room, and the Magpie Room, with rare, painted ceilings.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Sintra, National Palace of
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11 архитектурные стили (проектирования) ПО
Programming: software architectural stylesУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > архитектурные стили (проектирования) ПО
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12 архитектурные стили ПО
Programming: (проектирования) software architectural stylesУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > архитектурные стили ПО
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13 parador
adj.stopping.m.roadside inn.* * *1 (hotel) state-run hotel\parador nacional de turismo state-run hotel usually of historic or monumental value* * *SM Esp(tb: parador nacional de turismo) (state-run) tourist hotel; ( Hist) inn PARADOR NACIONAL In the early days of the Spanish tourist industry in the 1950s, the government set up a network of high-class tourist hotels known as paradores. They are sited in rural beauty spots and places of historical interest, often in converted castles and monasteries.* * *1)a) ( mesón) roadside bar/hotelb) ( en Esp) parador, state-owned hotel2) (Méx) (Dep) tb•• Cultural note:A national chain of hotels in Spain. Paradores were designed to give buildings such as former palaces, castles and monasteries a new lease of life and to bring tourism to economically disadvantaged areas. They are often luxurious but relatively inexpensive and emphasize local character and cooking* * *1)a) ( mesón) roadside bar/hotelb) ( en Esp) parador, state-owned hotel2) (Méx) (Dep) tb•• Cultural note:A national chain of hotels in Spain. Paradores were designed to give buildings such as former palaces, castles and monasteries a new lease of life and to bring tourism to economically disadvantaged areas. They are often luxurious but relatively inexpensive and emphasize local character and cooking* * *parador (nacional de turismo) (↑ parador a1)A1 (mesón) roadside bar/hotel2 (en Esp) parador, state-owned hotel ( often housed in a historic building)BA national chain of hotels in Spain. Paradores were designed to give buildings such as former palaces, castles and monasteries a new lease of life and to bring tourism to economically disadvantaged areas. They are often luxurious but relatively inexpensive and emphasize local character and cooking.* * *
parador sustantivo masculino
parador sustantivo masculino roadside inn
parador nacional, state-run hotel
* * *parador nm1. [mesón] roadside innPARADOR NACIONALThere are now 90 of these luxury hotels which are administered by the Spanish government. Paradores are found throughout Spain, both in cities and in the countryside, and their restaurants have a good reputation for serving regional cuisine. Many are in buildings of historical importance, such as castles, mansions and former monasteries, but there are also purpose-built paradores, designed to reflect traditional architectural styles. They are considered to be flagships of the government's policy on tourism.* * *m Espparador (state-run luxury hotel) -
14 hybride
hybride [ibʀid]adjectivemasculine noun* * *ibʀidadjectif, nom masculin lit, fig hybrid* * *ibʀid adj* * *A adj1 Biol hybrid;2 [création, construction, voiture] hybrid; c'est une situation hybride it's not a clear-cut situation.B nm hybrid.[ibrid] adjectif————————[ibrid] nom masculin -
15 stile sm
['stile](gen) style, (classe) style, class, Nuotostile libero — freestyle, crawl
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16 stile
sm ['stile](gen) style, (classe) style, class, Nuotostile libero — freestyle, crawl
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17 Buçaco, Forest and Mountain of
On the boundary between Coimbra and Viseu districts, the Buçaco (former spelling: Bussaco or Busaco) forest and mountain (ca. 547 meters or 1,795 feet high), were the site of a famous Peninsular War victory of the Duke of Wellington over the French forces under Masséna on 27 September 1810. A monument remains to attest to this defeat of Napoleon. Not far from this spot is the Hotel-Palace of Buçaco, completed just before the monarchy was overthrown in the revolution of 5 October 1910. In Portuguese tradition, it is said that the royal family wished to build, in effect, the last royal palace of the dynasty, but could not afford the cost of such a construction and eventually converted the palace into a hotel open to the public. This magnificent palatial structure is now run as a hotel and combines various architectural styles, from Edwardian dining rooms and a billiards room to neo-Gothic, Arabic, and neo-Manueline rococo. Off the beaten track in the lovely Buçaco forest area, the Hotel-Palace remains a recent historic monument, and it is said that before it was completed, the last reigning Braganza, King Manuel II (1908-10), on more than one occasion met his French paramour there.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Buçaco, Forest and Mountain of
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18 Belém, Tower of
Built during the country's early imperial age when Portugal was a world maritime power, the Tower of Belém (Torre do Belém) in Lisbon was constructed as a defense against maritime attack in the Tagus River. This historic stone tower, one of Portugal's most perfect Manueline architectural style monument-treasures, was begun in 1515 by order of King Manuel I. The first architect was the military architect Francisco Arruda, and the tower was built in the River Tagus.With changes in tides, time, and the shoreline since, the tower today rests close to the Belém shoreline. The tower was built to accommodate a garrison, a prison, and artillery to ward off pirates and other raiders coming from the Atlantic up the Tagus River. Eclectic in architectural style, the tower's styles include Roman-Gothic and Manu-eline, with touches of Venetian and Moroccan influence. Located not far from the massive Monastery of Jerónimos convent, the tower is square and is surrounded by a polygonal bulwark, as well as by walls facing the Tagus. Centuries after its use in defense had ceased, the tower in its restored state became a memorable symbol of Portugal's Age of Discoveries and expansion, as well as a much-photographed icon in tourist literature. -
19 Rickman, Thomas
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 8 June 1776 Maidenhead, Englandd. 4 January 1841 Birmingham, England[br]English architect who published the first serious study of the development of the styles of medieval architecture.[br]Thomas Rickman trained first in medicine and then, after practising for a short while, became an insurance clerk. During his thirties, having taught himself draughtsmanship, he travelled the country drawing, and recording some 3,000 medieval churches. He became deeply interested in and knowledgeable about ecclesiastical medieval architecture and in 1817 he began architectural practice. Rickman was responsible for a great deal of collegiate and ecclesiastical building. His understanding of true medieval materials and construction was much greater than that of his contemporaries, but like them he saw nothing incongruous about using modern materials such as plaster and cast iron for vault supports and tracery, so changing the structural proportions from medieval precepts. Characteristic of his work was St George Edgbaston (1819–22; demolished 1960) and Hartlebury Church (1836–7). Rickman is known primarily for his book An Attempt to Discriminate the Styles of English Architecture from the Conquest to the Reformation, in which he suggested classifying periods of architecture as Norman, Early English, Decorated and Perpendicular. These terms are still largely accepted even today.[br]Further ReadingH.Colvin, 1978, A Biographical Dictionary of English Architects 1600–1840, John Murray.DY -
20 styl1
m (G stylu) 1. Archit., Muz., Szt. style- styl architektoniczny/malarski an architectural/a painting style- styl renesansowy/barokowy the Renaissance/Baroque style- styl Chopina/Rembrandta Chopin’s/Rembrandt’s style- style w architekturze/muzyce/malarstwie styles of architecture/music/painting- meble w stylu Ludwika XVI Louis XVI style furniture- ogród w stylu angielskim/francuskim an English-style/a French-style garden2. Jęz., Literat. style- styl literacki/poetycki/książkowy a literary/poetic/bookish style- styl dziennikarski journalistic style- styl opisowy/obrazowy descriptive/vivid style- styl kwiecisty/lakoniczny/telegraficzny flowery/laconic/telegraphic style- styl Mickiewicza/Norwida Mickiewicz’s/Norwid’s style- komedia w stylu Fredry a Fredro-style comedy- wyrobić a. wypracować sobie styl to work out one’s own style (of writing)3. (sposób zachowania się) style, way- czyjś styl bycia sb’s bearing- czyjś styl ubierania się sb’s style of dressing- styl życia lifestyle, a way of life- taka uwaga nie jest/jest w jej stylu such a remark is not/is like her- trzeba przyznać, że ona ma a. trzyma styl one must admit that she has class- odszedł ze stanowiska, ale uczynił to w złym stylu he resigned his position, but he did it in poor style- wróciła na scenę w wielkim stylu she made a comeback in grand style4. Moda style, fashion- styl militarny/safari military/safari style- styl sportowy casual fashion5. Sport style- styl klasyczny breaststroke- styl motylkowy butterfly stroke- styl grzbietowy backstroke- styl przerzutowy straddle high jump- ocena za styl style marks- □ styl kolonialny Archit. colonial style- styl mauretański Archit. Moorish style■ powiedział „wypchaj się” czy coś w tym stylu he said ‘get stuffed’ or something like thatThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > styl1
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architectural styles — The majority of buildings erected in China between 1949 and 1979 appeared as simple boxes: not, however, in a conscious pursuit of Modernism, but as the result of a poor economy. As for the small number of public buildings intended as… … Encyclopedia of Contemporary Chinese Culture
Australian residential architectural styles — can be broadly categorised as follows (there are overlaps between periods): *Pre Colonial Period 30,000 BCE 1788 CE *Old Colonial Period 1788 c. 1840 *Victorian Period c. 1840 c. 1890 *Federation Period c. 1890 c. 1915 *Inter War Period c. 1915 c … Wikipedia
Australian architectural styles — Australian architectural styles, like the revivalist trends which dominated Europe for centuries, have been primarily derivative. The Indigenous Australians were a largely nomadic people, so there was little indigenous architectural style or… … Wikipedia
Australian non-residential architectural styles — are a set of Australian architectural styles that apply to buildings used for purposes other than living in and have been around only since the first colonial government buildings of early European settlement of Australia in 1788. Their… … Wikipedia
Timeline of architectural styles — 1750 present= *Architectural styles from the last 250 yearsDateFormat = yyyyImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:18PlotArea = left:20 right:20 bottom:20 top:10Colors = id:noir value:black id:canvas value:rgb(0.97,0.97,0.97) id:gris… … Wikipedia
Timeline of architectural styles 6000BC—Present — DateFormat = yyyyImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:18PlotArea = left:20 right:20 bottom:20 top:10Colors = id:noir value:black id:canvas value:rgb(0.97,0.97,0.97) id:egypt value:rgb(1,1,0.6) id:gris value:gray(0.85) id:gris2… … Wikipedia
Timeline of architectural styles 1750—1900 — DateFormat = yyyyImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:18PlotArea = left:20 right:20 bottom:20 top:10Colors = id:noir value:black id:canvas value:rgb(0.97,0.97,0.97) id:gris value:gray(0.85) id:gris2 value:gray(0.70) id:grilleMajor value … Wikipedia
Timeline of architectural styles 1900—Present — DateFormat = yyyyImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:18PlotArea = left:20 right:20 bottom:20 top:10Colors = id:noir value:black id:canvas value:rgb(0.97,0.97,0.97) id:gris value:gray(0.85) id:gris2 value:gray(0.70) id:grilleMajor value … Wikipedia
Architectural style — Architectural styles classify architecture in terms of form, , materials, time period, region, etc. It overlaps with, and emerges from the study of the evolution and history of architecture. In architectural history, the study of Gothic… … Wikipedia
Architectural periods — may refer to:* Architectural history, a history of architecture broken down by period * Architectural style, a list of architectural styles, often named after the architectural periods they first occurred in … Wikipedia
architectural — UK US /ˌɑːkɪˈtektʃərəl/ adjective PROPERTY ► relating to the design of buildings: » architectural firm »Several architectural styles are being considered for the proposed housing development. »Ground Zero is the most emotive architectural project … Financial and business terms
