Septic System Design and Repair Regulations in the U.S.

Septic system design specifications & regulations including the United States organized by state or authority:

The following list provides links to septic system and onsite wastewater treatment regulations and design requirements for the U.S. states and many additional authorities.

The septic system authorities here provide will provide listings of key local design and health or building code information needed when designing or repairing a septic system.

This article series on septic design and regulations includes septic regulations from other countries and from key academic/university septic system design research experts and septic system trade associations. We include a list of suggested septic system or onsite wastewater treatment system design guides and books.

U.S. Septic Codes, Regulations, Design Guides for Septic Systems Wastewater Treatment

Listings of septic system design and repair federal, state, provincial, academic, and trade association authorities in the United States, Canada, the U.K., & other Countries. Septic system design guide government and building code authorities for Canada, the United States, and other countries.

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Also see

• SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS, OTHER - International Septic Regulations & Codes: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, U.K., U.N. & other countries, septic code & design resources.
• WASTEWATER / SEPTIC SYSTEM DESIGN BOOKS - buy online

CONTACT US to submit septic codes, regulations, design resources - Submissions welcome. Send us a suggested document link or request an exchange of website links

Septic Codes, Regulations, Information Sources Organized by U.S. State

• Alaska

• Alabama DOH State Regs. for on-site sewage systems - see http://www.alapubhealth.org

• Arizona Septic Codes
  • Arizona Septic Regulations: Phoenix Main Office 1110 W. Washington St. Phoenix, AZ 8500, see https://www.septic.com/septic-tank-regulations/arizona/
  • Arizona DEQ Arizona Department of Environmental Quality: ADEQ Main Office
 1110 W. Washington St.

 Phoenix, AZ 85007 Tel: 602-771-2300 800-234-5677 Web: http://www.azdeq.gov/
    
    On-site wastewater treatment refers to a conventional septic tank system or alternative system installed at a site to treat and dispose of wastewater, predominantly of human origin, generated at that site. ADEQ has authority for issuing permits for operating these systems.
  • Arizona DEQ Onsite Wastewater Treatment: Web: https://azdeq.gov/onsitewastewater Tel: 480-612-5686
  • TITLE 18. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY CHAPTER 9. WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ARTICLE 3. AQUIFER PROTECTION PERMITS - GENERAL PERMITS PART A. GENERAL PROVISIONS [PDF]
  • ARIZONA ADMINISTRATIVE CODE 18 A.A.C. 9 Supp. 18.3 www.azsos.gov, TITLE 18. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, CHAPTER 9. DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY - WATER POLLUTION CONTROL [PDF] - retrieved 2022/03/26, original source: Department of Environmental Quality 1110 W. Washington St. Phoenix, AZ 85007 Telephone: (602) 771-6176 E-mail: dunaway.david@azdeq.gov Website: http://www.azdeq.gov/draft-and-proposed-rulewater-quality-division
  • PIMA COUNTY PDEQ SEPTIC INSPECTION for PIPE & GRAVEL SYSTEMS [PDF] Pima County Arizona Government, original source: https://webcms.pima.gov/cms/one.aspx?pageId=63828
  • PIMA COUNTY PDEQ SEPTIC INSPECTION for CHAMBER SEPTIC SYSTEMS [PDF]
  • Also see this more-detailed list of Arizona rules and statues for septic systems: https://legacy.azdeq.gov/environ/water/engineering/oss.html#design

• Arkansas

• California State & Local Septic Codes: (examples)
  • California - Marin County septic system information: Web: marincounty.org
    
    SEPTIC SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION GUIDELINE [PDF] - retrieved 2023/12/05, original source:
    
    Excerpt:
    

    The purpose of these inspections will be to determine, on an individual basis, whether existing septic systems are functional and meet minimum standards of performance established by the San Francisco Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) and the County of Marin, Environmental Health Services (EHS).
    
    The following performance criteria are established as minimum requirements:

    1. There is no surfacing effluent at any time.
    2. The effluent is not discharged directly to ground water. This means that site ground water levels may not rise above 36 inches below the leachfield lines.
    3. There is always positive flow from the leachfield and from the septic tank with no backup to the tank or house plumbing during high groundwater conditions.
    4. There is an adequately sized septic tank for the structure being served and it must be serviceable - e.g. access riser for maintenance. The septic tank must be water tight and constructed of approved materials.
    
    
    REGULATIONS FOR DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND REPAIR OF INDIVIDUAL SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS (2008)
    
    ALTERNATIVE DESIGN SEPTIC SYSTEM (2008) at marincounty.gov
    
    
  • City of Calabasas California, Onsite Wastewater Treatment Ordinance & CODES 2009-262
  • City of Calabasas California, SEPTIC & Onsite Wastewater Treatment INSPECTION GUIDE 2009- 2010
  • GLENN COUNTY CALIFORNIA SEWAGE DISPOSAL CODE - this is a 2.3MB PDF file.
  • Nevada County (CA) Dept. of Environmental Health On-Site Wastewater Treatment Systems (OWTS) and Local Area Management Plan (LAMP) [PDF] (2018) Department of EnvironmentalHealth 950 Maidu Avenue Nevada City, CA 95959 www.mynevadacounty.com - retrieved 2023/12/05, original source: nevadacountyca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/24677/LAMP-OWTS-For-Printing-2018?bidId=
  • San Bernadino CA, SOIL PERCOLATION (PERC) TEST REPORT STANDARDS [PDF] (1992) Suitability Of Lots And Soils For Use Of Leachlines Or Seepage Pits", [PDF], San Bernardino County Division Of Environmental Health Services 385 North Arrowhead Avenue San Bernardino, Ca 92415-0160 Telephone: (909) 387-4666 Fax Number: (909) 387-4323 Http://www.sbcounty.gov/dehs
    retrieved 2016/11/24, original source: sbcounty.gov/uploads/dph/dehs/Depts/ EnvironmentalHealth/FormsPublications/ 550034_on_site_waste_water_disposal_system.pdf
  • San Diego ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS Permitting Process & Design Criteria [PDF] County of San Diego Department of Environmental Health, San Diego Office 5500 Overland Avenue, Ste. 210 San Diego, CA 92123 (858) 565-5173, retrieved 2023/12/05, original source: sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/deh/lwqd/Septic_System_Design_Criteria_3-22-10.pdf
  • San Francisco Bay Region MINIMUM GUIDELINES for the CONTROL of INDIVIDUAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT & DISPOSAL SYSTEMS [PDF] (1979) Adam W. Olivieri & Robert J. Roche
  • Shasta County (CA) Department of Resource Management, Environmental Health Division, "Septic Tank and Leach Line Design, Construction, and Installation Guidelines", [PDF] retrieved 2016/11/01 original source: http://www.co.shasta.ca.us/docs/Resource_Management/ehd-forms/Septic.pdf?sfvrsn=0
  • Shasta County Sewage Disposal Standards, [PDF] Op. Cit. retrieved 2016/11/01 original source: http://www.co.shasta.ca.us/docs/Resource_Management/ehd-forms/sewage_disposal_standards.pdf?sfvrsn=0
    
    Includes additional detailed specifications for the leach field or displsal area including setbacks, proximity to bodies of water, exposure to flooding, percolation rates, seasonal high water table, soil perc test specifications, groundwater monitoring, requirement for height above seasaonal high groundwater, soil analysis, prohibition of seepage pits, and other septic system design specifications for septic tank & disposal field specifications. (Excellent detailed specifications.)
  • CA SEPTIC CLEARANCE DISTANCES
  • California - coastalpost [dot] com/02/02/07 [dot] htm [dead link 2023/12/5 - Ed.] - First California-wide Septic Laws To Be Written

• Colorado Larimer County's Septic Systems - Good General Information, Dept of Environmental Health Services.

• Connecticut Septic Code & Regulations
  • Dept. of Environmental Health: subsurface sewage information - 860-509-7296 860-509-7295 FAX 410 Capitol Ave., 06106
    
    See the collections of subsurface sewage system links for Connecticut given (as of 2020-05-21) at
    
    https://portal.ct.gov/DPH/Environmental-Health/Environmental-Engineering/Environmental-Engineering----Subsurface-Sewage
    
    and at
    
    https://portal.ct.gov/DEEP/Water-Regulating-and-Discharges/Subsurface-Disposal/Subsurface-Sewage-Treatment-and-Disposal-Systems---Septic-Systems
  • CONNECTICUT PUBLIC HEALTH CODE On-site Sewage Disposal Regulations and Technical Standards for Subsurface Sewage Disposal Systems [PDF] retrieved 2020/05/21 original source: https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/Departments-and-Agencies/DPH/dph/environmental_health/environmental_engineering/2018-Uploads/Technical-Standards-2018-Master-011918.pdf?la=en
  • Connecticut Home Buyer's Guide to Septic Systems
  • Connecticut DPH SEPTIC TEST GUIDELINE WHAT A PURCHASER SHOULD KNOW BEFORE BUYING A HOME SERVED BY A SEPTIC SYSTEM retrieved 2018/05/23, original source: http://www.portal.ct.gov/DPH/Environmental-Health/Environmental-Engineering/Home-Buyers-Guide

• District of Columbia Septic Regulations

• Delaware Septic Regulations
  • REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE DESIGN, INSTALLATION AND OPERATION OF ON-SITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SYSTEMS, [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://www.dnrec.delaware.gov/wr/information/gwdinfo/documents/delawarefinalonsiteregulations_01112014.pdf

• US EPA U.S. EPA, A HOMEOWNERS' GUIDE to SEPTIC SYSTEMS [PDF] Ohio's re-publication of US EPA'S SEPTICSMART ADVICE, Website: www.epa.gov/septicsmart
• US EPA's page on septic system policies and regulations: https://www.epa.gov/septic/septic-systems-guidance-policy-and-regulations

• Florida Septic Code, Regulations, Resources
  • Florida DEP, DESIGN AND SPECIFICATION GUIDELINES FOR LOW PRESSURE SEWER SYSTEMS [PDF] (1981) - retrieved 2022/04/25, original source: https://floridadep.gov/sites/default/files/guide_lowpres.pdf
  • FLORIDA SEPTIC CODE: Chapter 64e-6, Florida Administrative Code Standards For Onsite Sewage Treatment And Disposal Systems [PDF] (2018) Florida State Department of Health, retrieved 2022/04/25 original source: https://www.floridahealth.gov/environmental-health/onsite-sewage/forms-publications/_documents/64e-6.pdf
  • Florida Septic Code: Chapter 64e-6, Florida Administrative Code Standards For Onsite Sewage Treatment And Disposal Systems, [PDF] (2013) Florida State Department of Health, retrieved 2016/06/26
  • Florida Solid and Hazardous Waste Regulation Handbook: Sewage Disposal Systems, [Website] University of Florida Extension. Local DOH regulate septic systems in Florida unless your system is disposing of more than 5000 gallons/day. Over 5000 gallon discharge is regulated by the Florida Department of Environment Protection DEP
  • Florida Keys septic effluent leakage issues [Website]
  • Florida: Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Univ. of Florida Onsite Sewage Disposal Influence of Soil Densities on Water Quality 1987 [Website] article but an important one.
  • FL SEPTIC CLEARANCE DISTANCE FAQs - septic distances to swimming pool

• Georgia Septic Codes  
  • Portable Toilet rules & Regulations [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://dph.georgia.gov/sites/dph.georgia.gov/files/ related_files/site_page/ EnvHealthOnsitePortableSanitationRule511-3-6.pdf
  • Septic Tanks: Rules and Regulations [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://dph.georgia.gov/sites/dph.georgia.gov/files/ related_files/site_page/EnvHealthOnsiteRulesChapter511-3-1Jan2016.pdf
  • Manual for On-Site Sewage Management Systems - Septic Tank Manual (2016) [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://dph.georgia.gov/sites/ dph.georgia.gov/files/related_files /site_page/EnvHealthOnsiteManual2016.pdf
  • Georgia Onsite Sewage Management Systems, Background and Use of Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems in Georgia, [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://dph.georgia.gov/sites/dph.georgia.gov/files/EnvHealth/S ewage/Misc/BackgroundandUseOnsiteGeorgia.pdf
  • Georgia HOMEOWNER'S GUIDE to ON-SITE SEWAGE [PDF] Georgia DPH, retrieved 2022/04/25 adapted from US EPA information
    Excerpt:
    The most common on-site sewage management system is the septic tank system. The system typically consists of two major components: a primary treatment tank and an absorption field. The most common type of primary treatment tank is a septic tank.
    
    The septic tank may be made of concrete, fiberglass, or plastic. All septic tanks have inlet and outlet tees. Septic tanks installed prior to February 20, 2000 consist of a single compartment. Septic tanks installed after February 20, 2000 are required to have two compartments and an effluent filter.
    
    All septic tanks approved for use with on site sewage management systems are reviewed and approved by the Georgia Department of Human Resources.

• Hawai'i Septic Codes  
  • Cesspools in Hawai'i, [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://health.hawaii.gov/wastewater/cesspools/
  • Hawai'i Septic Code, Chapter 62 of Title 11, Hawaii Administrative Rules, "Wastewater Systems" [PDF] Effective 21 March 2016, retrieved 2016/06/26, original source:
  • Chapter 62 of Title 11, Hawaii Administrative Rules, "Wastewater Systems" [with] Amendments, [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://health.hawaii.gov/wastewater/files/2014/08/11-62_draft.pdf
  • Hawaii County Building Code: see http://www.hawaiicounty.gov/pw-new-bldg-code/
  • Wastwater Branch, State of Hawaii Department of Health, Website: http://health.hawaii.gov/wastewater/

• Idaho Septic Codes  
  • A Homeowners's Guide to Septic Systems, [PDF] Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, 1410 N. Hilton, Boise, ID 83706 (2001), retrieved 2016/06/26, original source:
  • Overview of Septic Requirements and Siting of Onsite Systems [PDF], Southeastern Idaho Public Health, original source: original source: https://siphidaho.com/env/pdf/Overview_of_septic_requirements.pdf addresses Idaho counties fo Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Butte, Caribou, Frankliln, Oneida, Power.
  • Septic Systems & Drainfields, What You Need to Know [PDF], Idaho DEQ, retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://www.deq.idaho.gov/media/657502-septic_systems_and_drainfields.pdf

• Illinois Septic Code
  • Contact: IDPH Environmental Health Private Sewage Disposal 525 W. Jefferson St.; 3rd Floor Springfield, IL 62761 Phone: 217-782-5830 Fax: 217-785-0253 DPH.PrivateSewage@Illinois.gov
  • Private Sewage Disposal, Illinois Department of Public Health, Website: http://www.dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/environmental-health-protection/private-sewage-disposal
  • Title 77: Public Health Chapter I: Department Of Public Health Subchapter R: Water And Sewage Part 905 Private Sewage Disposal Code - Website: http://www.ilga.gov/commission/jcar/admincode/077/07700905sections.html provides links to very detailed code & regulations for all types of septic systems
  • Title 77: Public Health Chapter I: Department Of Public Health Subchapter R: Water And Sewage Part 906 Private Sewage Mound Code - Website: http://www.ilga.gov/commission/jcar/admincode/077/07700906sections.html
  • Requirements for Septic System Owners, [PDF] Illinois, Illinois Association of Realtors retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://www.illinoisrealtor.org/sites/illinoisrealtor.org/files/ Advocacy/Publications/06-23-14%20SepticTankBooklet-1%20(2).pdf
  • IL SEPTIC CLEARANCE DISTANCE FAQs

• Indiana Septic System Codes & Regulations
  • Indiana constructed wetlands manual
  • Indiana Septic Association, Inc, resources for cleaners, installers, vendors, associates and professional affiliates
  • Indiana septic inspection / testing law: Brown County Indiana proposed an amendment to Ordinance No. I-72 IN REGARD to the CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE, and OPERATION of PRIVATE SEWAGE DISPOSAL Systems [PDF] - in essence, a Brown County IN septic inspection law back in 1997
    
    Sara Clifford, HEALTH BOARD: SEPTIC LAW WILL HELP PLUG DATA HOLES, [PDF] Brown County Democrat, 147 E Main St. Nashville, IN 47448 USA, Tel: (812) 988-2221 Website: http://www.bcdemocrat.com/ 2017/03/29, original source http://www.bcdemocrat.com/2017/03/29/health_board_septic_law_will_help_plug_data_holes/

• Iowa Septic Regulations
  • Iowa RESIDENTIAL ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT - An Overview [PDF], Iowa DNR, retrieved 2022/04/25 original source: https://www.iowadnr.gov/Portals/idnr/uploads/water/septic/files/treatoverview.pdf
    Excerpt:
    This publication will answer many questions that homeowners or potential homeowners, real estate agents and lenders may have about residential on-site wastewater treatment systems. Information is based on Iowa Administrative Code (IAC)567- Chapter 69, Private Sewage Disposal Systems of the Iowa Department of Natural Resources
  • Iowa Chapter 69 Private Sewage Disposal Systems [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/ACO/chapter/567.69.pdf
  • Iowa septic inspection / testing law: Iowa's Lake Law - TIME OF TRANSFER INSPECTION PROGRAM for SEPTIC SYSTEMS [PDF] Iowa DNR, - retrieved 2018/05/23, original source http://www.iowadnr.gov/Environmental-Protection/Water-Quality/Certification/Time-of-Transfer-Inspectors
    
    Iowa's time of transfer septic system inspection law (SF261) was passed by the Iowa legislature in April of 2008 and took effect July 1, 2009. The new law requires that every home/building served by a septic system have that septic system inspected prior to the sale or deed transfer for the home/building.
    
    The purpose of the law is to eliminate sub-standard or polluting septic systems. A sub-standard septic system is one that has no treatment (secondary treatment) following the septic tank or has a secondary treatment system that has failed. These sub-standard septic systems pose an environmental and public health hazard and require repair.
    
    If you have a septic system with a septic tank AND a secondary treatment system such as a seepage (leach) field, sand filter or other approved device, and it is not creating a public health or environmental hazard, it does not have to meet current code. All inspections must be conducted by an inspector that has been certified by the department.
    
    Also see this IOWA LAKE SEPTIC TESTING LAW FAQs [PDF] Op. Cit.

• Kansas Septic Code  
  • Minimum Standards for Design and Construction of Onsite Wastewater Systems [PDF], State of Kansas Department of Health and Environment, Bulletin 4-2, March 1997, retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://www.ewb-usa.org/files/Minimum_Standards _for_Onsite_Wastewater_Treatment.pdf
  • Kansas PLUMBING CODE CHAPTER 5: SEPTIC TANKS [PDF] Kansas DHE, retrieved 2022/04/25 original source: https://www.kdhe.ks.gov/DocumentCenter/View/8966/Septic-Tanks-PDF

• Kentucky Septic Code  
  • 902 KAR 10:085. Kentucky on-site sewage disposal systems [PDF], (2002) retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://www.lrc.ky.gov/kar/902/010/085.htm Green River District Health Department, new source 2018/04/27 http://healthdepartment.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/ksewagereg.pdf
  • Kentucky Homeowner's Guide to Septic Systems [PDF], retrieved 2018/04/27, original source: http://healthdepartment.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/onsite-sewowners-manual.pdf
  • Kentucky Department for Public Health, Onsite Sewage Disposal Systems, Environmental Management Branch 275 E. Main St. Frankfort, Ky. 40621 (502) 564-4856 Angela Billings Email: angela.billings@ky.gov Website: http://chfs.ky.gov/dph/info/phps/enviromgmt.htm

• Louisiana Septic Codes & Regulations 
  • Regulations Regarding Septic Tank Installations with Field Beds/Absorption Trenches For Individual Residential Installations, Louisiana Administrative Code Title 51
    Part XIII. Sewage Disposal, [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://new.dhh.louisiana.gov/assets/oph/Center-EH/sanitarian/onsitewastewater/SepticTank&FieldBedRegulations.pdf
  • Onsite Wastewater Program Information Packet for Applicants (For Septic Tanks with Secondary Treatment)[PDF], Louisiana Department of Health & Hospitals
    Office of Public Health Center for Environmental Health Service retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://new.dhh.louisiana.gov/assets/oph/Center-EH/sanitarian/ onsitewastewater/AppPackSepticTankSecTreat.pdf

• Massachusetts Septic Regulations & Codes
  • Massachusetts Dept. of Environmental Protection Pubs, programs, hotlines, lots more.
  • Massachusetts Septic Testing Law: Inspections, Repairs, Financial Aids
  • Massachusetts septic inspection / testing law: the MASSACHUSETTS TITLE 5 SEPTIC LAW [web article with links to state documnents] regulation, offering some of the best training, certification, and standards available, is focused on site conditions and not exact septic test procedures Original source: https://inspectapedia.com/septic/Massachusetts_Title_5_Septic_Law.php
  • MA SEPTIC CLEARANCE DISTANCE FAQs

• Maryland Septic Codes & Regulations
  
  
  • Maryland Department of the Environment, On-Site Sewage Disposal System: Septic Permit Installation and Final Inspection Checklist [Website] (2025 OSSD Guidance Document #6 Maryland DOHME, 201 Preston St., Baltimore MD, 21201-2399, Tel: 410-767-6500 or 877-463-3464
  • Maryland On-Site Systems Regulation of individual well and septic systems in conjunction with local health departments.
    
    
    
  • Onsite Sewage Disposal Systems (OSDS) [Website]
  • Well Construction [Website]
  • Bay Restoration Fund (BRF) [Website]
  • Maryland Septic Code [PDF] , "Title 26 Department of the Environment, Subtitle 04, Regulation of Water Supply, Sewage Disposal, and Solid Waste, CHapter 02, Sewage Disposal and Certain Water Systems for Homes and Other Establishments in the COunties of Maryland Where a Public Sewage System is Not Available", Environment Article PP 9-215, and others.
  • Maryland, Department of the Environment, [Website], Maryland Department of the Environment (Maryand DOE), 1800 Washington Blvd., Baltimore MD 21230, Tel: 410-537-3000, Tel: 800-633-6101
  • Charles County DOH, Maryland Septic System Installation Permit Application [PDF] Charles County Department of Health Division of Environmental Health Services 4545 Crain Highway/P.O. Box 1050 White Plains, MD 20695 301-609-6751 Fax: 301-609-6684 - CCHD-EH-E102 REV 7/2025
  • Flatley, Joshua, BRF/BAT Technical Lead, BAT Classification for Waterless Toilet Systems, [PDF] Maryland Department of the Environment (Maryand DOE), 1800 Washington Blvd., Baltimore MD 21230, Tel: 410-537-3000, Tel: 800-633-6101, Website:www.mde.maryland.gov, Memorandum, 10 March 2015 to Environmental Health Directors, THRU: Jay Prager, Wastewater Permits Program, Deputy Program Director,

• Maine Septic Codes & Regulations
  • Maine, Groundwater - Bureau of Land Quality
  • Maine, Division of Environmental Health (Maine DEH), Subsurface Wastewater Unit
  • Maine: NUMERICAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS for site evaluation beyond soil percolation tests

• Michigan Septic Codes & Regulations
  • MICHIGAN CRITERIA FOR SUBSURFACE SEWAGE DISPOSAL [PDF] (1994) Division of Environmenbtal Health, Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Halth, Michigan Department of Public Health, retrieved 2023/12/23, original source: michigan.gov/-/media/Project/Websites/egle/ Documents/Programs/ DWEHD/ Onsite-Wastewater-Management/Michigan-Criteria-Subsurface-Sewage-Disposal.pdf
  • Michigan UNIFORM SANITARY CODE for Crawford, Kalkaska, Lake, Manistee, Mason, Mecosta, Missaukee, Newaygo, Oceana and Wexford Counties [PDF] (2008) District Health Department #10, Board of Health approved 2007, effective 21 January, 2008
  • Mich. Admin. Code R. 325.423, 1944 AC; 1944 ACS 7; 1954 AC; 1979 AC, Rule 3. (below)
    
    (1) The tank should be located at least 50 feet from any well or other source of groundwater supply and upon ground sloping away from the water supply. No tank shall be located less than 2 feet from any lot or alley line or less than 25 feet from any lake or stream.
    
    (2) The tank shall be constructed of an impervious material and be watertight. The depth below the outlet pipe shall be not less than 30 inches. When constructed of concrete the side walls, top and bottom shall be of a mixture and thickness which will insure a dense, watertight structure. Sufficient reinforcement shall be used to prevent cracking. When constructed of metal, Armco ingot iron or other rust-resisting material not less than 12 gauge shall be used.
    
    All metal surfaces inside and outside shall be thoroughly coated with a good quality asphalt base material. All tanks shall be provided with an outside opening, not less than 12 inches in diameter, fitted with a tight cover, to permit inspection and cleaning. The outlet of all tanks shall be so constructed as to prevent solid material passing into the discharge pipe. Tanks should be filled with water before being put into operation and after each cleaning.
    
    (3) A drop tube, securely fastened to the toilet bowl and to the tank, shall extend into the tank but not more than 2 inches below the water line. A vitreous china toilet bowl with seat and seat cover securely hinged should be used.
    
    (4) A ventilating pipe connected to the bowl and extending above all parts of the building shall be installed.
    
    (5) Cast-iron soil pipe shall be leaded or bonded to the tank and extend not less than 10 feet from the building where it may be connected to the disposal tile. Disposal tile should be laid so that a 12-inch earth cover is provided. Under no condition shall the tile line be laid below the groundwater level.
    
    
    

• Minnesota Septic Regulations, Codes, Design Guides  
  • University of Minnesota Septic System Web Septic System Owner’s Guide

• Mississippi Septic Codes & Regulations
  • 2.0 Regulation Governing Individual Onsite Wastewater Disposal [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://sos.ms.gov/ACProposed/00012831B.pdf

• Missouri Septic Code & Regulations
  • MISSOURI SEPTIC LAWS & RULES [PDF] (2019) Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services, Bureau of Environmen tal Health Services, retrieved 2023/03/23, original source: health.mo.gov/living/environment/onsite/pdf/onsite_ref_book.pdf
  • Missouri Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems [PDF] (2014) Missouri Laws Accompanied by Department of Health and Senior Services Rules Governing Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems, [PDF], Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services Bureau of Environmen tal Health Services, retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: health.mo.gov/living/environment/onsite/pdf/onsite_ref_book.pdf
  • Jefferson County 8.15 On-Site Sewage Code [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://www.jeffersoncountypublichealth.org/pdf/JC_CODE_8.15.pdf
  • Upper Missouri District Health Unit Regulations For Individual Sewage Treatment Systems For Homes And Other Establishments Where Public Sewage Systems Are Not Available [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: umdhu.org/usrfiles/resources/Septic_Coderevised2014.pdf

• Montana Septic Codes & Regulations 
  • Montana Septic Tank Inspection & Trouble Shooting

• Nebraska Septic Codes  
  • Nebraska Residential On-site Wastewater Treatment: Site Evaluation, Univ. of Nebraska - Lincoln, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources

• Nevada Septic Code & Regulations 
  • Domestic Septic Systems Fact Shee T, [PDF] Nevada Division of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Pollution Control, retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://ndep.nv.gov/bwpc/docs/domestseptics_fs.pdf
  • Regulations Governing Individual Sewage Disposal Systems And Liquid Waste Management [PDF], Southern Nevada District Board of Health, retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://southernnevadahealthdistrict.org/download/eh/isds/sewage-regs.pdf
  • Washoe County Health District, Sewage, Wastewater and Sanitation, [PDF], Washoe County Health District 1001 East Ninth Street P.o. Box 11130 Reno, Nevada 89520 (775) 328-2434 retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://www.washoecounty.us/health/files/regulations/ehs/sws-regs-2013-05-23.pdf

• New Hampshire Septic Regulations & Codes & Design Guides
  • New Hampshire Certified Septic Evaluation Program sets the minimum level of standard evaluation procedures by qualified septic system professionals
  • New Hampshire Subsurface Systems Bureau New Hampshire Dept. of Environmental Services (updated 10/2009)
  • New Hampshire Septic Test Guideline retrieved 2018/05/23, original source: https://www.dhhs.nh.gov/dphs/holu/documents/hom-septic.pdf

• New Jersey Septic Regulations & Codes
  
  
  • ABANDONED SEPTIC SYSTEMS N.J. Admin. Code § 7:9A-12.8 [PDF]
  • Amendments to N.J.A.C. 7:9A Regarding Cesspools and Inspections for Real Property Transfers - An Update [PDF] - original source: www.nj.gov/dep/dwq/pdf/tnef2.pdf
  • NEW JERSEY SEPTIC SYSTEM LAW - STANDARDS FOR INDIVIDUAL SUBSURFACE SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS [PDF] (2021) Statutory authority: N.J.S.A. 13:1D-1 et seq.; 26:3A2-21 et seq.; 58:10A-1 et seq., including 58:10A-16 ; 58:11-23 et seq. Date last amended: July 6, 2021 - original source: www.state.nj.us/dep/dwq/pdf/njac79a.pdf
  • A NEW JERSEY HOMEOWNERS GUIDE to SEPTIC SYSTEMS PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dwq/pdf/septicmn.pdf
  • HIGH VOLUME GROUND WATER MASTER GENERAL PERMIT RENEWAL [PDF] New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Division of Water Quality Bureau of Nonpoint Pollution Control (Ground Water) P.O. Box 029 Trenton, NJ 08625-029 original source: www.nj.gov/dep/dwq/pdf/FS_T1.pdf
    Excerpt:
    This New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System - Discharge to Ground Water (NJPDES-DGW) General Permit (NJ0130281) renewal is issued in accordance with N.J.A.C. 7:14A-1 et seq., and authorizes sanitary discharges to ground water from facilities with existing individual subsurface sewage disposal systems (commonly called septic systems).
    
    For the purposes of this permit, a sanitary discharge means sanitary sewage discharged from an existing dwelling or other establishment having a daily design flow that exceeds 2,000 gallons per day (GPD).
    
    Sanitary sewage is defined at N.J.A.C. 7:14A-1.2 and means any liquid waste containing animal or vegetable matter in suspension or solution, or water carried wastes resulting from the discharge of water closets, laundry tubs, washing machines, sinks, dishwashers or any other source of water carried wastes of human origin or containing putrescible material.
    
    This term specifically excludes industrial, hazardous or toxic wastes and materials. Any discharge resulting from activities other than those described is prohibited.
    
    Examples of existing individual subsurface sewage disposal systems which may qualify for this permit can include septic tanks with seepage pits, disposal fields or other systems issued in accordance with the Standards for Individual Subsurface Sewage Disposal Systems, N.J.A.C. 7:9A or its regulatory precursors.
    
    This general permit does not address and is not an approval of any past activity which was conducted at the site that has or may have adversely affected the ground waters of the State.
    
  • N.J.A.C. 7:9a Standards For Individual Subsurface Sewage Disposal Systems [PDF], (2012) retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dwq/pdf/njac79a.pdf
  • SEPTIC SYSTEM INSPECTION GUIDE for NEW JERSEY [PDF] (2022) New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, - retrieved 2022/08/22 original source: https://www.state.nj.us/dep/dwq/pdf/inspection_guidance.pdf
    
    Excerpt:
    This manual provides guidance to professionals who inspect septic systems during real estate transactions. Outlined in this manual is a thorough, professional procedure for conducting inspections of septic systems.
    
    This procedure includes discussion points on the evaluation of each component examined. By providing this guidance, the Department hopes to provide consistent information to homeowners, buyers, interested parties and regulatory agencies.
    
    With an unbiased and comprehensive evaluation of septic systems inspected using this procedure, the Department can also help to protect human health and the environment.

• New Mexico Septic Codes
  • Onsite Sewage Management in New Mexico, PDF], (2006), retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://www.env.nm.gov/fod/LiquidWaste/documents/onsitesewagemanagementinNM.pdf
  • New Mexico Liquid Waste Program - Website: https://www.env.nm.gov/fod/LiquidWaste/
  • New Mexico Liquid Waste Program Laws, Regulations, & Policies - website: https://www.env.nm.gov/fod/LiquidWaste/laws.regs.pol.html
  • New Mexico Liquid Waste Regulations, Title 20 Environmental Protection Chapter 7 Waste Water And Water Supply Facilities Part 3 Liquid Waste Disposal And Treatment [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://www.env.nm.gov/fod/LiquidWaste/ documents/2073NMACIntegratedapprovedAL-2014.pdf

• New York State Septic Codes: New York State Septic and Wastewater Treatment Standards, Appendix 75-A - Individual Household Systems (Public Health Law 201(1)(1)
  • New York State APPENDIX 75-A WASTEWATER TREATMENT STANDARDS - RESIDENTIAL ONSITE SYSTEMS, [PDF] (2016) retrieved 2017/12/09, original source: https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/water/drinking/docs/appendix_75a.pdf
  • New York State Department of Health, APPENDIX 75-A WASTEWATER TREATMENT STANDARDS - INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLD SYSTEMS , [PDF] (2010) New York State Department of Health, 3 February 2010, retrieved 3/1/2010, original source: https://www.health.ny.gov/regulations/nycrr/title_10/part_75/appendix_75-a.htm
  • ON-SITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION PREVENTION AND WATER QUALITY PROTECTION IN NEW YORK STATE [PDF] (1996) NYS DEC, retrieved 2022/04/25 original source: https://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/water_pdf/onsitewastewater.pdf
    Excerpt:
    On-site wastewater treatment systems management practices can prevent or reduce the availability, release or transport of substances that adversely affect surface and ground waters. They generally diminish the generation of pollutants from failing systems or densely located systems.
  • NYS 75-A.0 New York State Regulation of Private Septic Systems (2016) Complete PDF
  • 75-A.0 New York State Regulation of Private Septic Systems includes septic system construction details:
  • 75-A.1 Introduction to Septic Systems, Definitions of Septic System Terms
  • 75-A.2 Regulation of Sewage Treatment Systems by other agencies
  • 75-A.3 Sewage flows and design flow estimates
  • 75-A.4 Soil and site appraisal for Septic Systems
  • 75-A.5 House or building sewer line specifications
  • 75-A.6 Septic tank capacity requirements, installation, and placement (conventional septic tank and septic drainfield)
  • 75-A.7 Distribution lines, distribution boxes, gravity flow, pressure distribution, dosing, siphons
  • 75-A.8 Subsurface treatment of effluent, absorption field requirements, leach field design criteria (conventional septic tank and septic drainfield)
  • 75-A.9 Alternative Septic System Designs mound systems, raised bed septics, sand filter bed septics, evaporation/transpiration septic systems. others.
  • 75-A.10 Other systems
  • 75-A.11 New product/system design interim approval
  • SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS, OTHER
  • NY SEPTIC CLEARANCE DISTANCE FAQs
• RESIDENTIAL ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS DESIGN HANDBOOK [PDF] (2012) NYS Department of Health
• SEPTIC INSPECTION & TEST LAWS & PROCEDURES
• New York Cayuga County Septic Test Guideline SEPTIC SYSTEM INSTALLATION AND INSPECTION PROGRAM [PDF] Cayuga County Govenment, New York, http://www.cayugacounty.us/Community/Health/Environmental-Health/Septic-System-Installation-and-Inspection
  
  This is an example of what I consider a quite reasonable minimum septic inspection and test standard, including the specification of test water volumes.
  also see this
  Cayuga County NY SEPTIC INSPECTION / TEST FORM [PDF] retrieved 2018/05/23, original source http://www.cayugacounty.us/Portals/0/environmental/Septic%20Inspection%20Form%202018.pdf

• North Carolina Septic Codes & Regulations  
  • NORTH CAROLINA SEPTIC SETBACKS & CODE [PDF] retrieved 2018/03/17, original source: http://www.alamance-nc.com/envhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/2013/10/SepticRulesCompleteEff10012011.pdf
    In this document see 15A NCAC 18A .1950 LOCATION OF SANITARY SEWAGE SYSTEMS
  • IMPROVING SEPTIC SYSTEMS provided for NC by FarmASyst.
  • North Carolina Septic Code Onsite Wastewater Manual, from the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR). http://www.deh.enr.state.nc.us/osww_new//

• North Dakota Septic Code  
  • Individual Home Sewage Treatment Systems NDSU North Dakota State University

• Ohio Septic Regulations & Codes 
  • Ohio - ABANDONMENT of SEPTIC TANKS, REGULATIONS [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • OHIO ADMINISTRATIVE CODE CHAPTER 3701-29 SEWAGE TREATMENT SYSTEM RULES [PDF] retrieved 2020/04/09 - this is the complete Ohio Septic code
    
    OHIO DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Bureau of Environmental Health JANUARY 1, 2015
  • Ohio - DRAINFIELD LEACHING TRENCH SPECIFICATIONS [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • Ohio - DRIP DISTRIBUTION SEPTIC SYSTEM DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • Ohio - GRAYWATER & ALTERNATIVE TOILET REGULATIONS & SPECIFICATIONS, [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • Ohio - LOW PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM SEPTIC DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • Ohio - LOW PRESSURE SAND FILTER SEPTIC DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • Ohio - OUTHOUSES & HOLDING TANKS REGULATIONS, [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • Ohio - SAND MOUND SEPTIC DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • Ohio - SEPTIC SEPARATION from SEASONAL HIGH WATER LEVEL [PDF] Drainage to manage the level of seasonal water in soils
    
    Watch out: also see Bicki, T. J., and R. B. Brown. "ON-SITE SEWAGE DISPOSAL: THE IMPORTANCE OF THE WET SEASON WATER TABLE." [PDF] Journal of Environmental Health 52, no. 5 (1990): 277-279.
  • Ohio - SEPTIC TANKS, PUMPS & CONTROLS REGULATIONS [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • Ohio - SITE DRAINAGE REGULATIONS [PDF] for existing site drainage systems when siting a septic system
  • Ohio - SOIL ABSORPTION SYSTEM STANDARDS, GENERAL [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • Ohio - SOIL EVALUATION for Home Septic Systems [PDF] retrieved 2017/10/20, original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/
  • SEPTAGE & SEWAGE MANAGEMENT, [PDF] Ohio Septic Code 3701-29-20 retrieved 2017/10/20 original source: http://www.odh.ohio.gov/ -/media/ODH/ASSETS/ Files/rules/final/3701 -20-TO--29/3701-29/ 2015-0101/3701-29-20-N.pdf?la=en
  • Ohio - TIMED DOSING SYSTEM SEPTIC DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS [PDF]
  • Ohio - WASTEWATER DESIGN FLOWS [PDF] septic flow estimates and septage effluent waste strength estimages for septic design purposes

• Oklahoma Septic Code & Regulations 
  • Title 252. Department Of Environmental Quality Chapter 641. Individual And Small Public On-site Sewage Treatment Systems [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://www.deq.state.ok.us/rules/641.pdf
  • Septic Tanks [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://www.deq.state.ok.us/factsheets/local/septictanks.pdf
  • Homeowner's Guide for Maintenance and Care of On-Site Sewage Systems, It's Your Septic System, Here's How to Take Care Of It [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://www.deq.state.ok.us/pubs/local/sptcbklt.pdf

• Oregon Septic Code & Regulations - These rules establish requirements for the construction, alteration, repair, operation, and maintenance of onsite wastewater treatment systems. Their purpose is to restore and maintain the quality of public waters and to protect the public health and general welfare of the people of the State of Oregon.
  • OAR 340-071-0100 to 340-071-0650 - see http://www.deq.state.or.us/regulations/rules.htm
  • OAR 71 Rules - see http://www.deq.state.or.us/regulations/docs/d071rules.pdf
  • OAR 340-073-0025 to 340-073-0085 - see http://www.deq.state.or.us/regulations/rules.htm
  • OAR 73 Rules - see http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/onsite/docs/oar073rules.pdf
  • ORS 454 - Sewage Treatment and Disposal Systems retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors454.html
  • ORS 468B - Water Quality - see https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors468B.html
  • The complete set of the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality administrative rules is available in hardcopy for a minimal cost. For questions about DEQ's administrative rules, contact Meyer Goldstein at 800-452-4011 x6478 or 503-229-6478 or email.
  
  

• Pennsylvania Septic Codes: Three septic standards have been developed in "Standards Related to On-site Septic Systems," ISBN 0-8031-1836-8:
  • D 5879-95 Standard Practice for Surface Site Characterization for On-site Septic Systems
  • D 5921-96 Standard Practice for Sub-surface Site Characterization of Test Pits for On-site Septic Systems
  • D 5925-96 Standard Practice for Preliminary Sizing and Delineation of Soil Absorption Field Areas for On-site Septic Systems.
    
    Inquiries to Staff Mgr Comm. D18 Soil and Rock, ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, voice: 610-832-9500, fax: 610-832-9555, email: service@astm.org
  • PA SEPTIC CLEARANCE DISTANCE FAQs

• Rhode Island Septic Regulations  
  • Rhode Island Septic Code- Septic System Checkup Handbook

• South Carolina Septic Regulations & Code

  • South Carolina's septic regulations are at https://www.scdhec.gov/Agency/docs/septic-regs/61-56.pd but I've not been able to get that page to load.

  • Check with your county health department for any changes or additional local restrictions.

    For Dillon County SCYou check with your Dillon SC Cooperative Extension at 200 S. 5th St., Dillon 29536 (843) 774-8218 (843) 774-7249
    
    I found these South Carolina septic system distances & clearances
    
    Minimum Distance from Septic Components in South Carolina

    Separation Distances for Septic Systems*

    • Building .................................. 5 feet
    • Property lines ......................... 5 feet
    • Private well........................... 50 feet
    • Public well .......................... 100 feet
    • Surface water ....................... 50 feet
    • Drainage ditch ...................... 25 feet
      

    *Based on S.C. septic system regulations as of 1996. Additional separation distances are required for certain types of alternative systems.

  • S.C. Regulation 61-56 - Onsite Wastewater Systems [PDF] , original source: unavailable, website does not load 2016/06/26

• South Dakota Septic Code & Regulations & Design Guides 
  • Individual and Small On-Site Wastewater Systems Chapter 74:53:01 [PDF] (April 1997), retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://www.nesc.wvu.edu/pdf/summaries/SOUTHDAKOTA.pdf
    South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources 523 East Capitol Ave. Pierre, South Dakota 57501 (605) 773-3351
  • South Dakota septic installer regulations https://denr.sd.gov/des/fp/septic.aspx

• Tennessee Septic Code & Regulations 
  • Rules Of The Tennessee Department Of Environment And Conservation Division Of Water Resources 0400-48-01 Regulations To Govern Subsurface Sewage Disposal Systems, [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://share.tn.gov/sos/rules/0400/0400-48/0400-48-01.20140408.pdf
  • Regulations Governing On-site Sewage Disposal Systems Of The Williamson County Department Of Sewage Disposal Management, [PDF]retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://onsite.tennessee.edu/WC%20regs%20cert.pdf

• Texas Septic System Codes Regulations & Design Guides 
  • Texas Water Resource Institute - Ric Jensen - 409-845-8571 E-mail - Rjensen@tamu.edu
  • Texas On-site Wastewater Association - 409-862-7402
  • Texas Agricultural Extension Service - Dr. Bruce Lesikar - 409-845-7453; E-mail - b-lesikar@tamu.edu
  • Texas Septic Newsletter the Texas Water Resources Institute
  • Texas, Austin City information on septic tanks and onsite wastewater treatment
  • Texas A&M Cooperative Extension, Onsite Wastewater Treatment & Re-use
  • TX SEPTIC CLEARANCE DISTANCE FAQs

• Utah Septic Code & Design Regulations 
  • Rule R317-3. Design Requirements for Wastewater Collection, Treatment and Disposal Systems [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: http://www.rules.utah.gov/publicat/code/r317/r317-003.htm
  • Rule R317-550. Rules for Liquid Waste Operations [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/26, original source:
  • How to Manage Your Septic System and Protect Your Water,Fact Sheet 6, WQFA-12, Utah State University Extension, retrieved 2016/06/26, original source: https://extension.usu.edu/smac/files/ uploads/Factsheets%20and%20Surverys/FAS6_septic_factsheet.pdf

• Virginia Septic Codes & Rules

• Virginia Health Dept. Division of Onsite Sewage and Water Services

• Vermont Septic Codes & Laws  
  • Vermont Wastewater Management Division
  • VT SEPTIC CLEARANCE DISTANCE FAQs - drainfield to river

• Washington State Septic Code
• PUMPING YOUR SEPTIC Washington State University Sea Grant Program
• Washington, Clallam County Septic Systems: General Info
• Washington, Spokane Septic System advice and regulation
• Washington State Wastewater rules and regulations at https://www.doh.wa.gov/CommunityandEnvironment/WastewaterManagement/RulesandRegulations



• West Virginia Septic Codes, Rules, Design Guides
  • WEST VIRGINIA ES-52 INDIVIDUAL & ONSITE SEWAGE SYSTEM DESIGN STANDARDS [PDF]
  • WEST VIRGINIA ES-52 INDIVIDUAL & ONSITE SEWAGE SYSTEM DESIGN STANDARDS ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET [PDF] [Excerpts, nice illustrations] retrieved 2018/04/27 original source https://www.wvdhhr.org/phs/forms /ES-52_Individual_and_Onsite_Sewage_ System_Design_ Standards_(Booklet).pdf - source of West Virginia septic tank sketch shown above.
  • WEST VIRGINIA SEPTIC TANK & SEPTIC SYSTEM LAW 64 CSR 9 [PDF]
  • West Virginia Public Health Sanitation Division, retrieved 20178/04/27, original source: https://www.wvdhhr.org/phs/sewage/index.asp
  • West Virginia Office of Environmental Services, Public Health Sanitation Division, 350 Capital Street, Room 313, Charleston, WV 25301-3713
  • National Small Flows Clearinghouse, West Virginia University, 800-624-8301

• Wisconsin Septic Code & Regulations 
  
  
  • WISCONSIN ADMINISTRATIVE CODE NR § 113.07 DISPOSAL OF SEPTAGE [PDF] (2023) includes setback and clearance distance details in Wisconsin septic law.
  • Wisconsin Chapter SPS 383 PRIVATE ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS [PDF] Published under s. 35.93, Wis. Stats., by the Legislative Reference Bureau. - retrieved 2022/08/21, and 2026/05/04
    
    Excerpt:
    
    WIsconsin SPS 383.01 Purpose.
    
    The purpose of this chapter is to establish uniform standards and criteria for the design, installation, inspection and management of a private onsite wastewater treatment system, POWTS, so that the system is safe and will protect public health and the waters of the state
  • Wisconsin Chapter Nr 113 Servicing Septic Or Holding Tanks, Pumping Chambers, Grease Interceptors, Seepage Beds, Seepage Pits, Seepage Trenches, Privies, Or Portable Restrooms, [PDF], retrieved 2016/06/23, original source: http://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/code/admin_code/nr/100/113.pdf
    
    Excerpt: The purposes of this chapter are to establish standards for the servicing of private sewage systems including septic and holding tanks, dosing chambers, grease interceptors, seepage beds, seepage pits, seepage trenches, privies and portable restrooms; to provide for the use and disposal of wastewaters from these sources while protecting public health from unsanitary and unhealthful practices and conditions; and to protect surface waters and groundwaters of the state from contamination by septage.
  • WISCONSIN PRIVATE ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM (POWTS) INSPECTOR’S HANDBOOK [PDF] (2022) Wisconsin Department of Safety & Professional Services (DSPS)
    
    Excerpt from Forward:
    The “Private Onsite Wastewater Treatment System (POWTS) Inspector Handbook” is intended to be a self-taught instructional publication primarily for persons interested in becoming certified POWTS inspectors. This handbook and the associated required and recommended reading materials provide the basic knowledge required to perform soil and site verification inspections, review basic POWTS plans, issue state sanitary permits, inspect new system installations, and seek code compliance, if necessary.
  • WISCONSIN MOUND SOIL ABSORPTION SYSTEM: SITING, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION MANUAL [PDF] (2000) - retrieved 2023/12/23, original source: soilsfacstaff.cals.wisc.edu/sswmp/pubs/15.24.pdf
    
    Excerpt:
    
    The Wisconsin mound wastewater soil treatment system was developed in the 1970s to overcome some limitations of in-ground trench and bed units and the Nodak system (Witz, 1974). The objective of the mound, as with other soil-based units, is to treat and disperse domestic and commercial wastewater on-site via subsurface in an environmentally acceptable manner and to protect the public health.
    
    The Wisconsin mound has been widely accepted and incorporated in many state and local regulations. In 1980 it was incorporated into the Wisconsin Administrative code. Mound technology was successfully implemented in Wisconsin partially because of an extensive educational program offered during the introduction of the mound concept.
    
    For the mounds to continue as a viable “tool” in treating and dispersing on-site wastewater, the soil evaluator, designer, installer, regulator and manager must understand the principles of operation, design, installation and management of the system.
    
    Mounds in some areas have not been as successful as in Wisconsin, primarily because of the lack of trained professionals and/or unproven design modifications. Education of all parties involved is essential and care must be taken when making modifications.
  • Wisconsin, Wood County SEPTIC SYSTEM GENERAL INFORMATION [PDF] includes septic failure description & criteria, retrieved 2023/12/23, original source: woodcountywi.gov/departments/pz/Doc/Septic System Information for Homeowners.pdf
    
    Excerpt: The life expectancy of your septic system will be enhanced with knowledgeable soil testing, site specific design, quality installation, and regular maintenance. Failing septic systems lower property values, cause health risk, and are generally a serious nuisance. The Wood County Private Sewage System Ordinance #702 requires proper maintenance for your septic system.
  • Also Contact: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources 101 S. Webster Street PO Box 7921 Madison, WI 53707-7921 Call 1-888-936-7463 (TTY Access via relay - 711) from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m.
  • Wyoming Septic Code & Regulations 
  • Small Wastewater Systems [PDF], permit application instructions & links to pertinent design guides, codes, permit forms, retrieved 2016/06/23, original source: http://deq.wyoming.gov/wqd/permitting-2/resources/small-wastewater-systems/
    
    This guide provides 50 supporting documents such as PDFs for chamber bed septic design, chamber trench septic designs, design flow estimates for different facilities, equivalent areas for chambered septic systems, general septic permit application, pipe bed septic system, pipe trench septic system, septic system leachfield applications, septic tank list.
  • Chamber Bed Septic Design[PDF] retrieved 2016/06/23, original source: http://deq.wyoming.gov/media/attachments/ Water%20Quality/Permitting/Small%20 Wastewater%20Systems/Chamber-Bed-System-(Part-D).pdf
  • Chamber Trench Septic Design [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/23, original source: http://deq.wyoming.gov/media/attachments/ Water%20Quality/Permitting/ Small%20Wastewater%20Systems/Chamber-Trench-System-(Part-C).pdf
  • Equivalent Areas for Chamber Systems [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/23, original source: http://deq.wyoming.gov/media/attachments/ Water%20Quality/Permitting/Small%20 Wastewater%20Systems/Equiv-Areas-for-Several-Chambered-Systems.pdf
  • Pipe Bed Septic System Design [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/23, original source: http://deq.wyoming.gov/media/attachments/Water%20Quality/Permitting/Small%20Wastewater%20Systems/Pipe-Bed-System-(Part-B).pdf
  • Trench System Septic Design [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/23, original source: http://deq.wyoming.gov/media/attachments/Water%20Quality/Permitting/Small%20Wastewater%20Systems/Pipe-Trench-System-(Part-A).pdf
  • Conventional Septic Leachfield Application Package [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/23, original source: http://deq.wyoming.gov/media/attachments/ Water%20Quality/Permitting/Small%20 Wastewater%20Systems/Septic-System-Leachfield-App-Pkg-Long.pdf
  • Wyoming A-List of Previously Approved Septic Tanks [PDF] retrieved 2016/06/23, original source: http://deq.wyoming.gov/media/attachments/ Water%20Quality/Permitting/ Small%20Wastewater%20Systems/Septic-Tank-List.pdf

  CONTACT US to SUBMIT SEPTIC CODES & REGULATIONS or LINKS TO THEM - Submissions welcome. Send us a suggested document link or request an exchange of website links

  Academic, University, & International Septic Codes & Wastewater Sites

  National & International Septic & Wastewater Industry Associations & Standards are now found at

• SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS, OTHER - International Septic Regulations & Codes

  Books: Septic Design Books & Guides

  • Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems, Bennette D. Burks, Mary Margaret Minnis, Hogarth House 1994
  • The NSFC Products List has an excellent list of design manuals/modules National Small Flows Clearinghouse (NSFC) now (2019/12/13) hosted at http://www.nesc.wvu.edu/ Tel: 304-293-4191 e-mail info@mail.nesc.wvu.edu.
  • Builder's Guide to Wells and Septic Systems, R. Dodge Woodson, McGraw-Hill, 1996 - see BUY SEPTIC BOOKS ONLINE below.
  • Farm*A*Syst/Home*A*Syst preventing pollution on farms and in homes, assessment worksheets prepared by state programs, newsletters and slide training pro
  • NEMO Nonpoint Education for Municipal Officials nonpoint source pollution and online publications order page
  • US EPA SEPTIC SYSTEM DESIGN MANUAL - Online US EPA's Design Manual for Onsite Wastewater Treatment and Disposal, 1980, available from the US EPA, the US GPO Superintendent of Documents (Pueblo CO), and from the National Small Flows Clearinghouse. This document is now also available online at http://www.epa.gov/ORD/NRMRL/Pubs/625R00008/625R00008.htm
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Website: Septic Systems Reports, Regulations, Guideance and Manuals: Web: epa.gov/septic/septic-systems-reports-regulations-guidance-and-manuals
  • US Public Health Service's Manual of Septic Tank Practice, 1959.

  CONTACT US to submit septic codes, regulations,d sesign resources - Submissions welcome. Send us a suggested document link or request an exchange of website links

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  Reader Comments, Questions & Answers About The Article Above

  Below you will find questions and answers previously posted on this page at its page bottom reader comment box.

  Reader Q&A - also see RECOMMENDED ARTICLES & FAQs

  how do I get educated to perform septic inspections in New York State?

  My business partner and I are looking to get into Blackwater assessments and phase 2 inspections.

  We have multiple licenses that I believe will be a need for the phase two inspection such as mold assessor, asbestos inspector, lead (soon) and the basic well testing / soil testing capabilities .

  Do you know what else the phase 2 assessments consist of ? I am under the impression it’s a bunch of general knowledge regarding building which we have from home inspections then testing credentials of certain materials , soil or substances based on the current and past occupancy uses through out the years .

  Also do you know what black water assessments consist of? - Anonymous by private email 20223/01/22

  Moderator reply:

  What I did was to drive over to MA and take their septic inspector certification course. In my opinion that state has the best education program in the country for this topic. When you've done that you'll of course want to be familiar with NYS regulations - a read of the sepic code is a good place to start.

  The difference is that MA teaches the underlying theory that better equips us to spot trouble while the NYS regulations are the minimum standard that is enforced here.

  Here is a collection of links to stuff from NY that you'll want to read.

  Click this link:  -  NY  - or go to https://inspectapedia.com/septic/Septic_Design_Regulations_U.S.A.php#NY

  About your question of what is a "phase 2 septic inspection" - it depends.

  See SEPTIC INSPECTION LEVELS for a start.

  About your "What do blackwater assessments consist of?"

  Let's start by reading the following, then let me know of any questions or suggestions you have after seeing those guidelines.

  • SEPTIC SYSTEM INSPECT DIAGNOSE REPAIR - home
  • SEPTIC SYSTEM INSPECTION & TEST GUIDE - home

  Finally, when you're ready, be sure to give us your contact information so that we can list ou as a New York State septic inspector found via

  • SEPTIC CONSULTANTS, DESIGNERS, ENGINEERS

  There's no fee for that service though we'll appreciate a return-link from your website.

  What's the Code for the distance (or max distance) of the line between the main drain line to the leach lines?

  Is there specific code of the required distance (or max distance) of the line between the main drain line to the leach lines? On 2019-06-12 by Kelly -

  by (mod) - code for distance from main drain line to leach lines

  No Kelly that distance is specific to the site design, slope, changes in elevation, etc.

  
  

  What were the NJ Codes for Septic Systems in 1996

  What were the NJ Codes for Septic Systems in 1996 On 2017-07-11 by Anonymous -

  Answer by (mod) -

  Dawn:
  
  First: you need an inspection and perhaps testing of the condition of the septic tank AND the effluent disposal system - a drainfield, leachfield, soakaway bed, or similar term depending on where you live. Important in that process is a finding that the system is safe - that is, for example that the tank cover doesn't risk someone falling into the tank (a quick death).
  
  Next: if the existing system is not usable you'll need a new septic system sized by an engineer as adequate for your food service business, and you'll need the system design and capacity to be approved by your local building department. Or if the existing system is functional you'll need to document its capacity and have that approved for your use for your business.
  
  Finally: IF you need to abandon a septic tank you don't usually have to dig it up - unless there were really no other place to put the new tank. Even then a septic contractor may have other options depending on the tank type (example: a steel tank might be just crushed and buried alongside a new tank in the same spot).
  
  Use the search box just above to search InspectApedia for SEPTIC TANK ABANDONMENT PROCEDURES if needed

  What's the septic system code for the depth of the lid to the tank?

  Is there a code for the depth of the lid to the tank? On 2016-09-02 by Donna Deerwester -

  by (mod) - that depth isn't code regulated

  No, Donna in fact septic tank depth requirements vary widely by type of system and climate. There in fact some systems that are completely above ground.
  
  There are of course recommendations depending on the specific type of system and on site conditions.

  Simply placing bricks over the lid of a concrete septic tank outside is harmless and not prohibited by any code I've seen.

  Watch out: before working over or putting bricks over a septic tank, you need to know (with help from your septic tank service or pumping company) that your septic tank cover is sound and secure - otherwise someone could fall into the septic tank - a fatal hazard!

  My bank says that federal law prohibits "building atop the septic tank"

  I am buying a house were the septic system lid was used as a small floor with decorative bricks on top, even though the systems operates well and maintenance is appropriately given.

  The bank tells me that by federal law, the septic system cannot have any thing built on top and that I have to remove the bricks, if not they will not approve the loan for the house.

  Is this true? Do decorative bricks qualify as violating federal law if anyway the septic system has a cement lid? On 2015-11-12 by Laura

  by (mod) - not federal law, but common sense; and a few decorative bricks on the ground are not "building over the septic tank"

  I'd sure love to see your bank's federal law citation as I think someone was speaking loosely. Septic tank regulations where you live will come from your state or province and cannot specify every odd thing people might dream up. Certainly "decorative bricks" aren't named.
  
  Watch out: However
  
  1 You don't want to put a septic tank inside of a building as a sewer gas explosion could occur and there are health concerns.
  
  2 You don't use a septic tank to support a structure
  
  3. Walking or sitting on a septic tank could be fatal if the cover is not adequate regardless if other concerns.

  4. You would not build an actual structure atop a septic tank for a host of reasons including impeding future access, creating a sewer gas explosion hazard, damaging the tank or piping, and quite likley, violating local building codes.

  See DRIVING or PARKING OVER SEPTIC - don't build, drive, park, or pave over the septic system components

  ...

  Continue reading  at SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS, OTHER or select a topic from the closely-related articles below, or see the complete ARTICLE INDEX.

  Or see this

  Article Series

  • SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT CODES & REFERENCES
    • SEPTIC CLEARANCE DISTANCES
    • AUSTRALIA SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS
    • CANADA SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS
    • CARIBBEAN SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS
    • ITALY SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS
    • INDIA SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS
    • NEW ZEALAND SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS
    • U.S. SEPTIC AUTHORITIES & DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
    • U.S. SEPTIC AUTHORITIES & REGULATIONS - other
    • U.K. OFF-GRID SEPTIC REGULATIONS & SEWAGE SYSTEMS
    • U.K. SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS
    • U.N. SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS
  • SEPTIC & SEWAGE TREATMENT REGULATIONS, OTHER
  • SEPTIC INSPECTION & TEST LAWS & PROCEDURES
  • WELL CLEARANCE DISTANCES 

  Suggested citation for this web page

  U.S. SEPTIC AUTHORITIES & DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS at InspectApedia.com - online encyclopedia of building & environmental inspection, testing, diagnosis, repair, & problem prevention advice.

  Or see this

  INDEX to RELATED ARTICLES: ARTICLE INDEX to SEPTIC SYSTEMS

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  Citations & Reviewers

  In addition to any citations in the article above, a full list is available on request.

  • Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems, Bennette D. Burks, Mary Margaret Minnis, Hogarth House 1994 - one of the best septic system books around, suffering a bit from small fonts and a weak index. (DF volunteers to serve as indexer if Burks/Minnis re-publish this very useful volume.)
  • Septic Tank/Soil-Absorption Systems: How to Operate & Maintain, Equipment Tips, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 8271 1302, 7100 Engineering, 2300 Recreation, September 1982, web search 08/28/2010, original source: http://www.fs.fed.us/t-d/pubs/pdfimage/82711302.pdf
  • Septic System Owner's Manual, Lloyd Kahn, Blair Allen, Julie Jones, Shelter Publications, 2000 $14.95 U.S. - easy to understand, well illustrated, one of the best practical references around on septic design basics including some advanced systems; a little short on safety and maintenance.
  • US EPA ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS MANUAL Top Reference: US EPA's Design Manual for Onsite Wastewater Treatment and Disposal, 1980, available from the US EPA, the US GPO Superintendent of Documents (Pueblo CO), and from the National Small Flows Clearinghouse. Original source http://www.epa.gov/ORD/NRMRL/Pubs/625R00008/625R00008.htm
    
  • Wells and Septic System, Alth, Max and Charlet, Rev. by S. Blackwell Duncan, $ 18.95; Tab Books 1992.
  • Advanced Onsite Wastewater Systems Technologies, Anish R. Jantrania, Mark A. Gross. Anish Jantrania, Ph.D., P.E., M.B.A., is a Consulting Engineer, in Mechanicsville VA, 804-550-0389 (2006), Advanced Onsite Wastewater Systems Technologies. Outstanding technical reference especially on alternative septic system design alternatives. Written for designers and engineers, this book is not at all easy going for homeowners but is a text we recommend for professionals--DF.
  • US EPA ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS MANUAL [online copy, free] Top Reference: US EPA's Design Manual for Onsite Wastewater Treatment and Disposal, 1980, available from the US EPA, the US GPO Superintendent of Documents (Pueblo CO), and from the National Small Flows Clearinghouse. Original source http://www.epa.gov/ORD/NRMRL/Pubs/625R00008/625R00008.htm Onsite wastewater treatment and disposal systems, Richard J Otis, published by the US EPA.
  • "International Private Sewage Disposal Code," 1995, BOCA-708-799-2300, ICBO-310-699-0541, SBCCI 205-591-1853, available from those code associations.
  • "Manual of Policy, Procedures, and Guidelines for Onsite Sewage Systems," Ontario Reg. 374/81, Part VII of the Environmental Protection Act (Canada), ISBN 0-7743-7303-2, Ministry of the Environment,135 St. Clair Ave. West, Toronto Ontario M4V 1P5 Canada $24. CDN.
  • Manual of Septic Tank Practice, US Public Health Service's 1959.
  • In addition to citations & references found in this article, see the research citations given at the end of the related articles found at our suggested
    
    CONTINUE READING or RECOMMENDED ARTICLES.

  • Carson, Dunlop & Associates Ltd., 120 Carlton Street Suite 407, Toronto ON M5A 4K2. Tel: (416) 964-9415 1-800-268-7070 Email: info@carsondunlop.com. Alan Carson is a past president of ASHI, the American Society of Home Inspectors.
    
    Thanks to Alan Carson and Bob Dunlop, for permission for InspectAPedia to use text excerpts from The HOME REFERENCE BOOK - the Encyclopedia of Homes and to use illustrations from The ILLUSTRATED HOME .
    
    Carson Dunlop Associates provides extensive home inspection education and report writing material. In gratitude we provide links to tsome Carson Dunlop Associates products and services.

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