doc: consolidate use of multiple-byte units

Refs: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte#Multiple-byte_units PR-URL: #42587 Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Darshan Sen <raisinten@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Paolo Insogna <paolo@cowtech.it> Reviewed-By: Matteo Collina <matteo.collina@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Mestery <mestery@protonmail.com>
targos · May 3, 2022 · Apr 14, 2022 · Apr 14, 2022 · Apr 14, 2022 · Apr 14, 2022
commit 025b3e786a3773eb078beb46a37376a08ecaaf9f
diff --git a/doc/api/buffer.md b/doc/api/buffer.md
@@ -833,7 +833,7 @@ _may contain sensitive data_. Use [`buf.fill(0)`][`buf.fill()`] to initialize
 such `Buffer` instances with zeroes.
 
 When using [`Buffer.allocUnsafe()`][] to allocate new `Buffer` instances,
-allocations under 4 KB are sliced from a single pre-allocated `Buffer`. This
+allocations under 4 KiB are sliced from a single pre-allocated `Buffer`. This
 allows applications to avoid the garbage collection overhead of creating many
 individually allocated `Buffer` instances. This approach improves both
 performance and memory usage by eliminating the need to track and clean up as
@@ -5204,9 +5204,9 @@ changes:
 * {integer} The largest size allowed for a single `Buffer` instance.
 
 On 32-bit architectures, this value currently is 2<sup>30</sup> - 1 (about 1
-GB).
+GiB).
 
-On 64-bit architectures, this value currently is 2<sup>32</sup> (about 4 GB).
+On 64-bit architectures, this value currently is 2<sup>32</sup> (about 4 GiB).
 
 It reflects [`v8::TypedArray::kMaxLength`][] under the hood.
 

diff --git a/doc/api/cli.md b/doc/api/cli.md
@@ -666,10 +666,10 @@ added:
 changes:
   - version: v13.13.0
     pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32520
-    description: Change maximum default size of HTTP headers from 8 KB to 16 KB.
+    description: Change maximum default size of HTTP headers from 8 KiB to 16 KiB.
 -->
 
-Specify the maximum size, in bytes, of HTTP headers. Defaults to 16 KB.
+Specify the maximum size, in bytes, of HTTP headers. Defaults to 16 KiB.
 
 ### `--napi-modules`
 
@@ -1993,8 +1993,8 @@ Sets the max memory size of V8's old memory section. As memory
 consumption approaches the limit, V8 will spend more time on
 garbage collection in an effort to free unused memory.
 
-On a machine with 2 GB of memory, consider setting this to
-1536 (1.5 GB) to leave some memory for other uses and avoid swapping.
+On a machine with 2 GiB of memory, consider setting this to
+1536 (1.5 GiB) to leave some memory for other uses and avoid swapping.
 
 ```console
 $ node --max-old-space-size=1536 index.js

diff --git a/doc/api/errors.md b/doc/api/errors.md
@@ -2951,11 +2951,11 @@ changes:
      - v10.15.0
     commit: 186035243fad247e3955f
     pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/143
-    description: Max header size in `http_parser` was set to 8 KB.
+    description: Max header size in `http_parser` was set to 8 KiB.
 -->
 
 Too much HTTP header data was received. In order to protect against malicious or
-malconfigured clients, if more than 8 KB of HTTP header data is received then
+malconfigured clients, if more than 8 KiB of HTTP header data is received then
 HTTP parsing will abort without a request or response object being created, and
 an `Error` with this code will be emitted.
 

diff --git a/doc/api/fs.md b/doc/api/fs.md
@@ -262,8 +262,8 @@ added: v16.11.0
   * `highWaterMark` {integer} **Default:** `64 * 1024`
 * Returns: {fs.ReadStream}
 
-Unlike the 16 kb default `highWaterMark` for a {stream.Readable}, the stream
-returned by this method has a default `highWaterMark` of 64 kb.
+Unlike the 16 KiB default `highWaterMark` for a {stream.Readable}, the stream
+returned by this method has a default `highWaterMark` of 64 KiB.
 
 `options` can include `start` and `end` values to read a range of bytes from
 the file instead of the entire file. Both `start` and `end` are inclusive and
@@ -2186,8 +2186,8 @@ changes:
   * `fs` {Object|null} **Default:** `null`
 * Returns: {fs.ReadStream}
 
-Unlike the 16 kb default `highWaterMark` for a {stream.Readable}, the stream
-returned by this method has a default `highWaterMark` of 64 kb.
+Unlike the 16 KiB default `highWaterMark` for a {stream.Readable}, the stream
+returned by this method has a default `highWaterMark` of 64 KiB.
 
 `options` can include `start` and `end` values to read a range of bytes from
 the file instead of the entire file. Both `start` and `end` are inclusive and
@@ -3430,8 +3430,8 @@ to read a complete file into memory.
 The additional read overhead can vary broadly on different systems and depends
 on the type of file being read. If the file type is not a regular file (a pipe
 for instance) and Node.js is unable to determine an actual file size, each read
-operation will load on 64 KB of data. For regular files, each read will process
-512 KB of data.
+operation will load on 64 KiB of data. For regular files, each read will process
+512 KiB of data.
 
 For applications that require as-fast-as-possible reading of file contents, it
 is better to use `fs.read()` directly and for application code to manage

diff --git a/doc/api/http.md b/doc/api/http.md
@@ -2998,7 +2998,7 @@ changes:
   * `maxHeaderSize` {number} Optionally overrides the value of
     [`--max-http-header-size`][] for requests received by this server, i.e.
     the maximum length of request headers in bytes.
-    **Default:** 16384 (16 KB).
+    **Default:** 16384 (16 KiB).
   * `noDelay` {boolean} If set to `true`, it disables the use of Nagle's
     algorithm immediately after a new incoming connection is received.
     **Default:** `true`.
@@ -3154,7 +3154,7 @@ added:
 * {number}
 
 Read-only property specifying the maximum allowed size of HTTP headers in bytes.
-Defaults to 16 KB. Configurable using the [`--max-http-header-size`][] CLI
+Defaults to 16 KiB. Configurable using the [`--max-http-header-size`][] CLI
 option.
 
 This can be overridden for servers and client requests by passing the
@@ -3231,7 +3231,7 @@ changes:
   * `maxHeaderSize` {number} Optionally overrides the value of
     [`--max-http-header-size`][] (the maximum length of response headers in
     bytes) for responses received from the server.
-    **Default:** 16384 (16 KB).
+    **Default:** 16384 (16 KiB).
   * `method` {string} A string specifying the HTTP request method. **Default:**
     `'GET'`.
   * `path` {string} Request path. Should include query string if any.

diff --git a/doc/api/stream.md b/doc/api/stream.md
@@ -1674,7 +1674,7 @@ If the loop terminates with a `break`, `return`, or a `throw`, the stream will
 be destroyed. In other terms, iterating over a stream will consume the stream
 fully. The stream will be read in chunks of size equal to the `highWaterMark`
 option. In the code example above, data will be in a single chunk if the file
-has less then 64 KB of data because no `highWaterMark` option is provided to
+has less then 64 KiB of data because no `highWaterMark` option is provided to
 [`fs.createReadStream()`][].
 
 ##### `readable.iterator([options])`
@@ -3047,7 +3047,7 @@ changes:
 * `options` {Object}
   * `highWaterMark` {number} Buffer level when
     [`stream.write()`][stream-write] starts returning `false`. **Default:**
-    `16384` (16 KB), or `16` for `objectMode` streams.
+    `16384` (16 KiB), or `16` for `objectMode` streams.
   * `decodeStrings` {boolean} Whether to encode `string`s passed to
     [`stream.write()`][stream-write] to `Buffer`s (with the encoding
     specified in the [`stream.write()`][stream-write] call) before passing
@@ -3420,7 +3420,7 @@ changes:
 * `options` {Object}
   * `highWaterMark` {number} The maximum [number of bytes][hwm-gotcha] to store
     in the internal buffer before ceasing to read from the underlying resource.
-    **Default:** `16384` (16 KB), or `16` for `objectMode` streams.
+    **Default:** `16384` (16 KiB), or `16` for `objectMode` streams.
   * `encoding` {string} If specified, then buffers will be decoded to
     strings using the specified encoding. **Default:** `null`.
   * `objectMode` {boolean} Whether this stream should behave

diff --git a/doc/api/util.md b/doc/api/util.md
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ changes:
     description: The `depth` default changed to `20`.
   - version: v11.0.0
     pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/22756
-    description: The inspection output is now limited to about 128 MB. Data
+    description: The inspection output is now limited to about 128 MiB. Data
                  above that size will not be fully inspected.
   - version: v10.12.0
     pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/22788
@@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ console.log(thousand, million, bigNumber, bigDecimal);
 ```
 
 `util.inspect()` is a synchronous method intended for debugging. Its maximum
-output length is approximately 128 MB. Inputs that result in longer output will
+output length is approximately 128 MiB. Inputs that result in longer output will
 be truncated.
 
 ### Customizing `util.inspect` colors

diff --git a/doc/contributing/investigating-native-memory-leaks.md b/doc/contributing/investigating-native-memory-leaks.md
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Leaks can be introduced in native addons and the following is a simple
 example leak based on the "Hello world" addon from
 [node-addon-examples](https://github.com/nodejs/node-addon-examples).
 
-In this example, a loop which allocates approximately 1 MB of memory and never
+In this example, a loop which allocates approximately 1 MiB of memory and never
 frees it has been added:
 
 ```cpp

diff --git a/doc/node.1 b/doc/node.1
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ This flag is inherited from V8 and is subject to change upstream. It may
 disappear in a non-semver-major release.
 .
 .It Fl -max-http-header-size Ns = Ns Ar size
-Specify the maximum size of HTTP headers in bytes. Defaults to 16 KB.
+Specify the maximum size of HTTP headers in bytes. Defaults to 16 KiB.
 .
 .It Fl -napi-modules
 This option is a no-op.

diff --git a/lib/assert.js b/lib/assert.js
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ function getCode(fd, line, column) {
   let lines = 0;
   // Prevent blocking the event loop by limiting the maximum amount of
   // data that may be read.
-  let maxReads = 32; // bytesPerRead * maxReads = 512 kb
+  let maxReads = 32; // bytesPerRead * maxReads = 512 KiB
   const bytesPerRead = 16384;
   // Use a single buffer up front that is reused until the call site is found.
   let buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafe(bytesPerRead);

diff --git a/lib/fs.js b/lib/fs.js
@@ -2879,7 +2879,7 @@ function lazyLoadStreams() {
 
 /**
  * Creates a readable stream with a default `highWaterMark`
- * of 64 kb.
+ * of 64 KiB.
  * @param {string | Buffer | URL} path
  * @param {string | {
  *   flags?: string;

diff --git a/lib/internal/crypto/scrypt.js b/lib/internal/crypto/scrypt.js
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const defaults = {
   N: 16384,
   r: 8,
   p: 1,
-  maxmem: 32 << 20,  // 32 MB, matches SCRYPT_MAX_MEM.
+  maxmem: 32 << 20,  // 32 MiB, matches SCRYPT_MAX_MEM.
 };
 
 function scrypt(password, salt, keylen, options, callback = defaults) {

diff --git a/lib/internal/errors.js b/lib/internal/errors.js
@@ -1004,7 +1004,7 @@ E('ERR_FS_CP_SYMLINK_TO_SUBDIRECTORY',
   'Cannot overwrite symlink in subdirectory of self', SystemError);
 E('ERR_FS_CP_UNKNOWN', 'Cannot copy an unknown file type', SystemError);
 E('ERR_FS_EISDIR', 'Path is a directory', SystemError);
-E('ERR_FS_FILE_TOO_LARGE', 'File size (%s) is greater than 2 GB', RangeError);
+E('ERR_FS_FILE_TOO_LARGE', 'File size (%s) is greater than 2 GiB', RangeError);
 E('ERR_FS_INVALID_SYMLINK_TYPE',
   'Symlink type must be one of "dir", "file", or "junction". Received "%s"',
   Error); // Switch to TypeError. The current implementation does not seem right

diff --git a/lib/internal/fs/utils.js b/lib/internal/fs/utils.js
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ const kMaximumCopyMode = COPYFILE_EXCL |
                          COPYFILE_FICLONE |
                          COPYFILE_FICLONE_FORCE;
 
-// Most platforms don't allow reads or writes >= 2 GB.
+// Most platforms don't allow reads or writes >= 2 GiB.
 // See https://github.com/libuv/libuv/pull/1501.
 const kIoMaxLength = 2 ** 31 - 1;
 

diff --git a/src/inspector_agent.cc b/src/inspector_agent.cc
@@ -97,11 +97,11 @@ static int StartDebugSignalHandler() {
   pthread_attr_t attr;
   CHECK_EQ(0, pthread_attr_init(&attr));
 #if defined(PTHREAD_STACK_MIN) && !defined(__FreeBSD__)
-  // PTHREAD_STACK_MIN is 2 KB with musl libc, which is too small to safely
-  // receive signals. PTHREAD_STACK_MIN + MINSIGSTKSZ is 8 KB on arm64, which
+  // PTHREAD_STACK_MIN is 2 KiB with musl libc, which is too small to safely
+  // receive signals. PTHREAD_STACK_MIN + MINSIGSTKSZ is 8 KiB on arm64, which
   // is the musl architecture with the biggest MINSIGSTKSZ so let's use that
   // as a lower bound and let's quadruple it just in case. The goal is to avoid
-  // creating a big 2 or 4 MB address space gap (problematic on 32 bits
+  // creating a big 2 or 4 MiB address space gap (problematic on 32 bits
   // because of fragmentation), not squeeze out every last byte.
   // Omitted on FreeBSD because it doesn't seem to like small stacks.
   const size_t stack_size = std::max(static_cast<size_t>(4 * 8192),

diff --git a/test/common/README.md b/test/common/README.md
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ On non-Windows platforms, this always returns `true`.
 
 ### `createZeroFilledFile(filename)`
 
-Creates a 10 MB file of all null characters.
+Creates a 10 MiB file of all null characters.
 
 ### `enoughTestMem`
 

diff --git a/test/parallel/test-crypto-scrypt.js b/test/parallel/test-crypto-scrypt.js
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ const good = [
   },
   // Test vectors from https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7914#page-13 that
   // should pass.  Note that the test vector with N=1048576 is omitted
-  // because it takes too long to complete and uses over 1 GB of memory.
+  // because it takes too long to complete and uses over 1 GiB of memory.
   {
     pass: '',
     salt: '',

diff --git a/test/parallel/test-fs-util-validateoffsetlength.js b/test/parallel/test-fs-util-validateoffsetlength.js
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ const {
   );
 }
 
-// Most platforms don't allow reads or writes >= 2 GB.
+// Most platforms don't allow reads or writes >= 2 GiB.
 // See https://github.com/libuv/libuv/pull/1501.
 const kIoMaxLength = 2 ** 31 - 1;
 

diff --git a/test/parallel/test-http2-max-session-memory-leak.js b/test/parallel/test-http2-max-session-memory-leak.js
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ const http2 = require('http2');
 // mechanism.
 
 const bodyLength = 8192;
-const maxSessionMemory = 1;  // 1 MB
+const maxSessionMemory = 1;  // 1 MiB
 const requestCount = 1000;
 
 const server = http2.createServer({ maxSessionMemory });

diff --git a/test/parallel/test-tls-securepair-leak.js b/test/parallel/test-tls-securepair-leak.js
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ setImmediate(() => {
   global.gc();
   const after = process.memoryUsage().external;
 
-  // It's not an exact science but a SecurePair grows .external by about 45 kB.
+  // It's not an exact science but a SecurePair grows .external by about 45 KiB.
   // Unless AdjustAmountOfExternalAllocatedMemory() is called on destruction,
-  // 10,000 instances make it grow by well over 400 MB.  Allow for some slop
+  // 10,000 instances make it grow by well over 400 MiB.  Allow for some slop
   // because objects like buffers also affect the external limit.
   assert(after - before < 25 << 20);
 });
diff --git a/tools/compress_json.py b/tools/compress_json.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
   # To make decompression a little easier, we prepend the compressed data
   # with the size of the uncompressed data as a 24 bits BE unsigned integer.
-  assert len(text) < 1 << 24, 'Uncompressed JSON must be < 16 MB.'
+  assert len(text) < 1 << 24, 'Uncompressed JSON must be < 16 MiB.'
   data = struct.pack('>I', len(text))[1:4] + data
 
   step = 20

diff --git a/tools/gyp/pylib/gyp/generator/ninja.py b/tools/gyp/pylib/gyp/generator/ninja.py
@@ -2112,8 +2112,8 @@ class MEMORYSTATUSEX(ctypes.Structure):
         ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalMemoryStatusEx(ctypes.byref(stat))
 
         # VS 2015 uses 20% more working set than VS 2013 and can consume all RAM
-        # on a 64 GB machine.
-        mem_limit = max(1, stat.ullTotalPhys // (5 * (2 ** 30)))  # total / 5GB
+        # on a 64 GiB machine.
+        mem_limit = max(1, stat.ullTotalPhys // (5 * (2 ** 30)))  # total / 5GiB
         hard_cap = max(1, int(os.environ.get("GYP_LINK_CONCURRENCY_MAX", 2 ** 32)))
         return min(mem_limit, hard_cap)
     elif sys.platform.startswith("linux"):

diff --git a/tools/inspector_protocol/encoding/encoding.h b/tools/inspector_protocol/encoding/encoding.h
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ namespace cbor {
 //   must use a 32 bit wide length.
 // - At the top level, a message must be an indefinite length map
 //   wrapped by an envelope.
-// - Maximal size for messages is 2^32 (4 GB).
+// - Maximal size for messages is 2^32 (4 GiB).
 // - For scalars, we support only the int32_t range, encoded as
 //   UNSIGNED/NEGATIVE (major types 0 / 1).
 // - UTF16 strings, including with unbalanced surrogate pairs, are encoded

diff --git a/tools/inspector_protocol/lib/encoding_h.template b/tools/inspector_protocol/lib/encoding_h.template
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ namespace cbor {
 //   must use a 32 bit wide length.
 // - At the top level, a message must be an indefinite length map
 //   wrapped by an envelope.
-// - Maximal size for messages is 2^32 (4 GB).
+// - Maximal size for messages is 2^32 (4 GiB).
 // - For scalars, we support only the int32_t range, encoded as
 //   UNSIGNED/NEGATIVE (major types 0 / 1).
 // - UTF16 strings, including with unbalanced surrogate pairs, are encoded

diff --git a/tools/msvs/install_tools/install_tools.bat b/tools/msvs/install_tools/install_tools.bat
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ echo This script will install Python and the Visual Studio Build Tools, necessar
 echo to compile Node.js native modules. Note that Chocolatey and required Windows
 echo updates will also be installed.
 echo.
-echo This will require about 3 Gb of free disk space, plus any space necessary to
+echo This will require about 3 GiB of free disk space, plus any space necessary to
 echo install Windows updates. This will take a while to run.
 echo.
 echo Please close all open programs for the duration of the installation. If the

diff --git a/tools/v8_gypfiles/features.gypi b/tools/v8_gypfiles/features.gypi
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@
     # will fail.
     'v8_enable_webassembly%': 1,
 
-    # Enable advanced BigInt algorithms, costing about 10-30 KB binary size
+    # Enable advanced BigInt algorithms, costing about 10-30 KiB binary size
     # depending on platform.
     'v8_advanced_bigint_algorithms%': 1
   },