JSQLParser · minleejae · Oct 1, 2026
diff --git a/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/CascadeBehavior.java b/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/CascadeBehavior.java
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*-
+ * #%L
+ * JSQLParser library
+ * %%
+ * Copyright (C) 2004 - 2026 JSQLParser
+ * %%
+ * Dual licensed under GNU LGPL 2.1 or Apache License 2.0
+ * #L%
+ */
+package net.sf.jsqlparser.statement;
+
+/**
+ * An explicit CASCADE or RESTRICT clause. A null field leaves the clause omitted and preserves the
+ * database's default behavior for that statement.
+ */
+public enum CascadeBehavior {
+    CASCADE, RESTRICT
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/alter/AlterDomain.java b/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/alter/AlterDomain.java
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.expression.Expression;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.CascadeBehavior;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.create.domain.DomainConstraint;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.Statement;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.StatementVisitor;
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ public class AlterDomain implements Statement {
     private String newName;
     private boolean notValid;
     private boolean ifExists;
-    private Behavior behavior;
+    private CascadeBehavior behavior;
 
     public String getName() {
         return name;
@@ -90,11 +91,11 @@ public void setIfExists(boolean ifExists) {
         this.ifExists = ifExists;
     }
 
-    public Behavior getBehavior() {
+    public CascadeBehavior getBehavior() {
         return behavior;
     }
 
-    public void setBehavior(Behavior behavior) {
+    public void setBehavior(CascadeBehavior behavior) {
         this.behavior = behavior;
     }
 
@@ -106,9 +107,6 @@ public <T, S> T accept(StatementVisitor<T> visitor, S context) {
     public enum Action {
         SET_DEFAULT, DROP_DEFAULT, SET_NOT_NULL, DROP_NOT_NULL, ADD_CONSTRAINT, DROP_CONSTRAINT, RENAME_CONSTRAINT, VALIDATE_CONSTRAINT, OWNER, RENAME, SET_SCHEMA
     }
-    public enum Behavior {
-        CASCADE, RESTRICT
-    }
 
     public void appendTo(StringBuilder sql, Consumer<Expression> expressions) {
         sql.append("ALTER DOMAIN ").append(name).append(' ');

diff --git a/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/alter/AlterType.java b/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/alter/AlterType.java
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.expression.StringValue;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.CascadeBehavior;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.create.type.TypeAttribute;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.Statement;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.StatementVisitor;
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ public class AlterType implements Statement {
     private StringValue neighborValue;
     private Position position;
     private boolean ifNotExists;
-    private Behavior behavior;
+    private CascadeBehavior behavior;
     private List<AttributeChange> attributeChanges = new ArrayList<>();
 
     public String getName() {
@@ -102,11 +103,11 @@ public void setIfNotExists(boolean ifNotExists) {
         this.ifNotExists = ifNotExists;
     }
 
-    public Behavior getBehavior() {
+    public CascadeBehavior getBehavior() {
         return behavior;
     }
 
-    public void setBehavior(Behavior behavior) {
+    public void setBehavior(CascadeBehavior behavior) {
         this.behavior = behavior;
     }
 
@@ -129,9 +130,6 @@ public enum Action {
     public enum Position {
         BEFORE, AFTER
     }
-    public enum Behavior {
-        CASCADE, RESTRICT
-    }
     public static class AttributeChange implements java.io.Serializable {
         public enum Kind {
             ADD, DROP, ALTER
@@ -141,7 +139,7 @@ public enum Kind {
         private TypeAttribute attribute;
         private boolean ifExists;
         private boolean useSetData;
-        private Behavior behavior;
+        private CascadeBehavior behavior;
 
         public Kind getKind() {
             return kind;
@@ -175,11 +173,11 @@ public void setUseSetData(boolean useSetData) {
             this.useSetData = useSetData;
         }
 
-        public Behavior getBehavior() {
+        public CascadeBehavior getBehavior() {
             return behavior;
         }
 
-        public void setBehavior(Behavior behavior) {
+        public void setBehavior(CascadeBehavior behavior) {
             this.behavior = behavior;
         }
 

diff --git a/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/drop/DropPolicy.java b/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/drop/DropPolicy.java
@@ -9,14 +9,15 @@
  */
 package net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.drop;
 
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.CascadeBehavior;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.Statement;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.StatementVisitor;
 
 public class DropPolicy implements Statement {
     private String policyName;
     private net.sf.jsqlparser.schema.Table table;
     private boolean ifExists = false;
-    private Behavior behavior;
+    private CascadeBehavior behavior;
 
     public String getPolicyName() {
         return policyName;
@@ -45,19 +46,15 @@ public DropPolicy setIfExists(boolean ifExists) {
         return this;
     }
 
-    public Behavior getBehavior() {
+    public CascadeBehavior getBehavior() {
         return behavior;
     }
 
-    public DropPolicy setBehavior(Behavior behavior) {
+    public DropPolicy setBehavior(CascadeBehavior behavior) {
         this.behavior = behavior;
         return this;
     }
 
-    public enum Behavior {
-        CASCADE, RESTRICT
-    }
-
     public StringBuilder appendTo(StringBuilder sql) {
         sql.append("DROP POLICY ");
         if (ifExists) {

diff --git a/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/grant/Revoke.java b/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/grant/Revoke.java
@@ -11,17 +11,14 @@
 
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.expression.Expression;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.CascadeBehavior;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.Statement;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.StatementVisitor;
 
 public class Revoke implements Statement {
-    public enum Behavior {
-        CASCADE, RESTRICT
-    }
-
     private PrivilegeClause clause = new PrivilegeClause();
     private GrantOption.Kind optionFor;
-    private Behavior behavior;
+    private CascadeBehavior behavior;
 
     public PrivilegeClause getClause() {
         return clause;
@@ -39,11 +36,11 @@ public void setOptionFor(GrantOption.Kind optionFor) {
         this.optionFor = optionFor;
     }
 
-    public Behavior getBehavior() {
+    public CascadeBehavior getBehavior() {
         return behavior;
     }
 
-    public void setBehavior(Behavior behavior) {
+    public void setBehavior(CascadeBehavior behavior) {
         this.behavior = behavior;
     }
 

diff --git a/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/truncate/Truncate.java b/src/main/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/truncate/Truncate.java
@@ -14,22 +14,20 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.schema.Table;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.schema.TableReference;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.CascadeBehavior;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.Statement;
 import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.StatementVisitor;
 
 public class Truncate implements Statement {
     public enum IdentityOption {
         RESTART, CONTINUE
     }
-    public enum DropBehavior {
-        CASCADE, RESTRICT
-    }
 
     private boolean tableToken;
     private boolean only;
     private final List<TableReference> targets = new ArrayList<>();
     private IdentityOption identityOption;
-    private DropBehavior dropBehavior;
+    private CascadeBehavior dropBehavior;
 
     @Override
     public <T, S> T accept(StatementVisitor<T> statementVisitor, S context) {
@@ -109,20 +107,20 @@ public void setIdentityOption(IdentityOption option) {
         identityOption = option;
     }
 
-    public DropBehavior getDropBehavior() {
+    public CascadeBehavior getDropBehavior() {
         return dropBehavior;
     }
 
-    public void setDropBehavior(DropBehavior behavior) {
+    public void setDropBehavior(CascadeBehavior behavior) {
         dropBehavior = behavior;
     }
 
     public boolean getCascade() {
-        return dropBehavior == DropBehavior.CASCADE;
+        return dropBehavior == CascadeBehavior.CASCADE;
     }
 
     public void setCascade(boolean cascade) {
-        dropBehavior = cascade ? DropBehavior.CASCADE : null;
+        dropBehavior = cascade ? CascadeBehavior.CASCADE : null;
     }
 
     public boolean isTableToken() {

diff --git a/src/main/jjtree/net/sf/jsqlparser/parser/JSqlParserCC.jjt b/src/main/jjtree/net/sf/jsqlparser/parser/JSqlParserCC.jjt
@@ -17064,8 +17064,8 @@ Truncate Truncate():
     [ ( <K_RESTART> { truncate.setIdentityOption(Truncate.IdentityOption.RESTART); }
         | ContextualKeyword("CONTINUE") { truncate.setIdentityOption(Truncate.IdentityOption.CONTINUE); } )
       <K_IDENTITY> ]
-    [ <K_CASCADE> { truncate.setDropBehavior(Truncate.DropBehavior.CASCADE); }
-      | <K_RESTRICT> { truncate.setDropBehavior(Truncate.DropBehavior.RESTRICT); } ]
+    [ <K_CASCADE> { truncate.setDropBehavior(CascadeBehavior.CASCADE); }
+      | <K_RESTRICT> { truncate.setDropBehavior(CascadeBehavior.RESTRICT); } ]
     { return truncate; }
 }
 
@@ -19651,7 +19651,7 @@ Revoke Revoke(boolean defaults):
     clause=AccessClause(true, defaults) { revoke.setClause(clause); }
     [ LOOKAHEAD({ isAccessKeywordAhead("GRANTED") }) AccessKeyword("GRANTED") <K_BY> name=RelObjectName()
       { requireAccessSyntax(!defaults, "GRANTED BY is not part of default privileges"); clause.setGrantedBy(name); } ]
-    [ ( <K_CASCADE> { revoke.setBehavior(Revoke.Behavior.CASCADE); } | <K_RESTRICT> { revoke.setBehavior(Revoke.Behavior.RESTRICT); } ) ]
+    [ ( <K_CASCADE> { revoke.setBehavior(CascadeBehavior.CASCADE); } | <K_RESTRICT> { revoke.setBehavior(CascadeBehavior.RESTRICT); } ) ]
     { requireAccessSyntax(revoke.getOptionFor() == null || (clause.getPrivileges() == null
         ? revoke.getOptionFor() != GrantOption.Kind.GRANT : revoke.getOptionFor() == GrantOption.Kind.GRANT), "Invalid REVOKE option");
       return revoke; }
@@ -20271,19 +20271,19 @@ RangeTypeDefinition.Option RangeTypeOption():
     )
 }
 
-AlterType.Behavior TypeAlterBehavior():
-{ AlterType.Behavior result; }
+CascadeBehavior TypeAlterBehavior():
+{ CascadeBehavior result; }
 {
-    ( <K_CASCADE> { result = AlterType.Behavior.CASCADE; }
-      | <K_RESTRICT> { result = AlterType.Behavior.RESTRICT; } )
+    ( <K_CASCADE> { result = CascadeBehavior.CASCADE; }
+      | <K_RESTRICT> { result = CascadeBehavior.RESTRICT; } )
     { return result; }
 }
 
 AlterType.AttributeChange TypeAttributeChange():
 {
     AlterType.AttributeChange result = new AlterType.AttributeChange();
     TypeAttribute attribute = new TypeAttribute();
-    String name; ColDataType type; AlterType.Behavior behavior;
+    String name; ColDataType type; CascadeBehavior behavior;
     boolean useSetData;
 }
 {
@@ -20304,7 +20304,7 @@ AlterType.AttributeChange TypeAttributeChange():
 AlterType AlterType():
 {
     AlterType result = new AlterType(); String name; Token label;
-    AlterType.AttributeChange change; AlterType.Behavior behavior;
+    AlterType.AttributeChange change; CascadeBehavior behavior;
 }
 {
     <K_TYPE> name=TypeDdlName() { result.setName(name); }
@@ -20376,8 +20376,8 @@ AlterDomain AlterDomain():
             | <K_NOT> <K_NULL> { result.setAction(AlterDomain.Action.DROP_NOT_NULL); }
             | <K_CONSTRAINT> [ LOOKAHEAD(2) <K_IF> <K_EXISTS> { result.setIfExists(true); } ]
               name=RelObjectName() { result.setAction(AlterDomain.Action.DROP_CONSTRAINT); result.setConstraintName(name); }
-              [ <K_CASCADE> { result.setBehavior(AlterDomain.Behavior.CASCADE); }
-                | <K_RESTRICT> { result.setBehavior(AlterDomain.Behavior.RESTRICT); } ]
+              [ <K_CASCADE> { result.setBehavior(CascadeBehavior.CASCADE); }
+                | <K_RESTRICT> { result.setBehavior(CascadeBehavior.RESTRICT); } ]
         )
         | <K_ADD> constraint=DomainConstraint(false) { result.setAction(AlterDomain.Action.ADD_CONSTRAINT); result.setConstraint(constraint); }
           [ <K_NOT> TypeDdlKeyword("VALID") {
@@ -20794,7 +20794,7 @@ DropPolicy DropPolicy():
     <K_DROP> <K_POLICY> [ LOOKAHEAD(2) <K_IF> <K_EXISTS> { statement.setIfExists(true); } ]
     name=RelObjectName() { statement.setPolicyName(name); }
     <K_ON> table=Table() { statement.setTable(table); }
-    [ (behavior=<K_CASCADE> | behavior=<K_RESTRICT>) { statement.setBehavior(DropPolicy.Behavior.valueOf(behavior.image.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT))); } ]
+    [ (behavior=<K_CASCADE> | behavior=<K_RESTRICT>) { statement.setBehavior(CascadeBehavior.valueOf(behavior.image.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT))); } ]
     { return statement; }
 }
 

diff --git a/src/site/sphinx/usage.rst b/src/site/sphinx/usage.rst
@@ -288,6 +288,29 @@ These named targets do not populate the legacy ``getPkColumns()`` list.
     AlterExpression checkDrop = new AlterExpression()
         .withOperation(AlterOperation.DROP_CHECK).withConstraintName("positive_id");
 
+Shared CASCADE and RESTRICT behavior
+------------------------------------
+
+``AlterDomain``, ``AlterType`` (including ``AttributeChange``), ``DropPolicy``,
+``Truncate`` and ``Revoke`` use ``net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.CascadeBehavior``
+for their explicit ``CASCADE`` and ``RESTRICT`` clauses. A null value preserves
+an omitted clause; it does not insert an explicit ``RESTRICT``.
+
+.. code-block:: java
+
+    import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.CascadeBehavior;
+
+    truncate.setDropBehavior(CascadeBehavior.RESTRICT);
+    revoke.setBehavior(truncate.getDropBehavior());
+    revoke.setBehavior(null); // Omit the clause and leave the server default unchanged.
+
+Migration: the nested enums ``AlterDomain.Behavior``, ``AlterType.Behavior``,
+``DropPolicy.Behavior``, ``Truncate.DropBehavior`` and ``Revoke.Behavior`` have
+been removed. Replace their imports and enum references with ``CascadeBehavior``.
+The existing getter and setter names remain, but their return and parameter types
+have changed, so clients must recompile. ``Truncate.setCascade(false)`` still
+clears the clause. Foreign-key referential actions retain their separate enum.
+
 Inspect PostgreSQL schema statements
 ------------------------------------