donar / fer una ullada

xetta

New Member
Español y Catalán, España
Només això, que m'ha sorgit aquest dubte mentre parlava i li he donat tantes voltes que tot em sona malament. Oi que diem "fer una ullada" en comptes de "donar una ullada"? No n'estic segura!!


Merci!
 
  • Bon dia,
    En català normatiu seria donar una ullada. Us deixo l'entrada de l'optimot adjunta:
    "Sovint s'usa incorrectament el verb fer en expressions en què el verb donar és l'adequat. Així, amb el significat de 'clavar, pegar, fer que algú rebi els efectes d'una acció nostra' s'ha d'utilitzar el verb donar, en comptes de fer, en expressions com ara: donar una bufetada, un calbot, una clatellada, un cop de puny, un mastegot, una puntada de peu, etc.; també en les expressions donar una ullada, un cop d'ull, etc."
     
    En el diccionari català-valencià-balear (http://dcvb.iecat.net) diu el següent:

    ULLADA f.
    Cop d'ull; mirada ràpida; cast. mirada, ojeada.
    "Ab se uylada los sarrahins vehents que no podien la ciutat defendre", Marsili Cròn., c. 28.
    Fer ullades: "Innuere oculis", Esteve Eleg.
    "Uns ulls d'ullada blava i fonda", Canigó II.
    "Guaytà a la Rossa ab una de sas tempestuosas ulladas", Pons Auca 37.
    "Després de pegar una lleugera ullada a tot", Mascarell Vall 38.
     
    I apologize for writing in English, but unfortunately I do not speak Catalan. I have noticed that Catalan has many expressions that, like donar una ullada, are constructed with the verb donar or fer, followed by the feminine indefinite article una and a feminine deverbal noun. The same structure also exists in Italian, Spanish, and Brazilian Portuguese (in European Portuguese, it is slightly different, as a diminutive form of the feminine deverbal noun is used, with the corresponding diminutive suffix).

    What I would like to ask is the following: is donar una ullada, fer una abraçada, fer una dormida, and fer una llegida essentially the same as ullar, abraçar, dormir, and llegir? In other words, do the deverbal nouns ullada, abraçada, dormida, and llegida merely designate the action itself? Or, in these constructions, is there some aspectual modulation indicating, for example, that the action is punctual, brief, or superficial?
     
    What I would like to ask is the following: is donar una ullada, fer una abraçada, fer una dormida, and fer una llegida essentially the same as ullar, abraçar, dormir, and llegir? In other words, do the deverbal nouns ullada, abraçada, dormida, and llegida merely designate the action itself? Or, in these constructions, is there some aspectual modulation indicating, for example, that the action is punctual, brief, or superficial?
    Per a mi, tot i ser el mateix, sí que hi veig certa diferència, com si poséssim més èmfasi en l'acció, el procés o durada de l'acte. Però trobo que no és una cosa fixa i pot variar en funció del terme. En el cas d'ullar, per exemple, diria que la forma perifràstica és molt més freqüent que no la sintètica.

    En tot cas, és cert que el català fa un ús predominant del verb fer en aquestes construccions en què l'espanyol i el portuguès fan servir «dar»:

    dar medo / dar miedo = fer por​
    dar um beijo / dar un beso = fer un petó​
    dar uma volta / dar una vuelta = fer una volta​
    Dá pena vê-lo assim / Da pena verlo así = Fa pena veure'l així.​

    En el diccionari català-valencià-balear (http://dcvb.iecat.net) diu el següent:

    ULLADA f.
    Cop d'ull; mirada ràpida; cast. mirada, ojeada.
    "Ab se uylada los sarrahins vehents que no podien la ciutat defendre", Marsili Cròn., c. 28.
    Fer ullades: "Innuere oculis", Esteve Eleg.
    "Uns ulls d'ullada blava i fonda", Canigó II.
    "Guaytà a la Rossa ab una de sas tempestuosas ulladas", Pons Auca 37.
    "Després de pegar una lleugera ullada a tot", Mascarell Vall 38.
    Al DCVB no hi és, però hi afegiria:

    «Si passegen o fan vila [...] e a tothom fan ullada» [F. Eiximenis (s. XIV), Llibre de les Dones, c. 54]
     
    Thanks for your answer. Sorry for replying to you in English, but I can only read Catalan, not write it.

    You said: “Per a mi, tot i ser el mateix, sí que hi veig certa diferència, com si poséssim més èmfasi en l'acció, el procés o durada de l'acte.” That’s exactly the certa diferència I’m trying to understand.

    In Portuguese, there are cases where this construction has the same meaning as the corresponding verb itself, or can have the same meaning depending on the context. But there are other cases, which are more common, where the construction indicates a brief or quick action.

    In Brazilian Portuguese, in Spanish and in Italian, dar uma dormida, echar(se) una dormida e farsi una dormita generally means taking a short nap, although you can say dar uma boa dormida, echar(se) una buena dormida and farsi una bella dormita, when you mean that you’re going to sleep for a long time. If it's really short, you can even say dar uma dormidinha, in Brazilian Portuguese, and farsi una dormitina, in Italian.

    So, generally speaking, in Catalan, when you use this construction, dar una Xada or dar una Xida, does it tend to single out the action or does it tend to suggest that the action is brief or superficial? For example, when someone says dar una llegida, does that mean only that they’re going to read it or that they're going to skim through it?
     
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    In Brazilian Portuguese, in Spanish and in Italian, dar uma dormida, echar(se) una dormida e farsi una dormita generally means taking a short nap
    Disculpa Rodrigo, però això no és veritat. En italià, farsi una dormita no vol dir dormir durant poc temps o breument; en molts casos significa exactament el contrari, és a dir, voler dormir ben bé i durant molt de temps. Quan volem dormir una mica, per poc temps, nosaltres diríem fare una dormitina, far un pisolino/sonnellino o far un riposino. En canvi, fare una dormitona no és gaire comú en italià, però és cert que es pot fer servir de tant en tant i també crec que depèn de la regió i dels usos personals.

    Dormita: Definizione e significato - Dizionario italiano - Corriere.it
     
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    Al meu parer depèn una mica de la intenció del parlant. En principi, no té per què indicar menys temps o certa superficialitat. La diferència rau en el fet que mencionem l'acte en la seva totalitat, és a dir, hi ha una èmfasi en el procés.

    Dit altrament, si jo dic «Fes una llegida al document» no és necessàriament perquè vulgui que la teva lectura sigui més ràpida o superficial que si dic «Llegeix el document», tot i que algun parlant potser ho veu així. Si fos així, jo, com diu l'Olaszinhok per l'italià, faria servir algun diminutiu per indicar-ho: «Fes-li una llegideta i en parlem». També cal dir que això podria variar una mica en funció de quina és la construcció, perquè de vegades, com he dit abans, la forma verbal simple és menys freqüent que la composta, o a l'inrevés.
     
    Disculpa Rodrigo, però això no és veritat.

    I’m the one who should apologize for giving wrong information. I took what Treccani says in the Nominalizzazioni entry and mistakenly generalized it to all cases of dare/fare una -ata:

    Spesso i nomi in -ata danno luogo a perifrasi verbali con ➔ verbi supporto(dare, fare, ecc.) semanticamente vuoti: tale perifrasi è «una variante del verbo transitivo corrispondente che sottolinea la brevità, l’occasionalità dell’azione» (Salvi 1988: 81; Simone 2003):
    (18) farsi una dormita, una bevuta, una mangiata, una scopata, una cacata, una passeggiata
    (19) dare un’ordinata alla casa, una letta a un giornale

    Nonetheless, I took the time to check the meaning of some specific examples of this construction, like dare una letta, dare una guardata and dare una lavata, which really do mean “to have a quick read”, “to have a quick look” and “to give a quick wash”.

    Al meu parer depèn una mica de la intenció del parlant. En principi, no té per què indicar menys temps o certa superficialitat. La diferència rau en el fet que mencionem l'acte en la seva totalitat, és a dir, hi ha una èmfasi en el procés.

    Thanks, Penyafort. I think I’m starting to get it. Maybe I should have explained a bit more about what originally got me interested in this topic.

    On the Portuguese forum, our Portuguese friends explained that deverbal nouns ending in -adela don’t necessarily refer to a single, brief, or superficial action. Sometimes they can simply mean the act itself. That surprised me, because -adela is the diminutive form of the suffix -ada, which also has another diminutive form, -adinha. That one is much more common in Brazilian Portuguese, and the diminutive tends to emphasize the punctual, brief, or superficial nature that deverbal nouns in -ada already tend to have in the construction dar uma -ada.

    So I started looking into it and found that Spanish and Italian have the same kind of construction, although they can use other verbs besides dar and dare. And quite often, the construction does seem to emphasize the fact that the action is punctual, brief, or superficial.

    Then I checked Catalan and found that it has the construction too, with donar and fer. But I found it much harder to tell exactly what these constructions mean in Catalan—whether they simply refer to the act itself, or whether they also somehow indicate something about the nature of the act. The only deverbal noun I came across that seemed to clearly indicate the kind of action was ullada, which means a quick look.

    I remembered, though, that I'd already asked a similar question about Spanish on Sólo español, and, although most of the respondents simply confirmed that dar una leída means the same as to have a quick read, Rocko gave me a different answer, one which applies just as well to Brazilian Portuguese for the same reasons:

    Antes de decir lo que entiendo al leer la frase de ejemplo, quiero dejar claro que para mí el significado de “dar una leída” varía según el tono de voz y las intenciones que uno puede percibir o captar. Si se dice con tono sincero, grave, pausado y de genuino interés, significaría “lo voy a revisar”, pero cuando se dice “a la ligera”, con tono de voz normal, rápido y casi como para salir del paso (promesas vacías), entonces entiendo “después le dedicaré unos minutos para encontrar la parte importante del texto” (no leer todo con mucha atención, únicamente buscando enterarse del meollo del asunto).

    So, even in Brazilian Portuguese and Spanish, where dar uma -ada and dar/echar una -ada very often seem to convey the idea of a brief, one-off, or superficial action, context matters when it comes to determining the meaning of the expression. From what you’ve told me, in Catalan, donar/fer una -ada can sometimes refer to a brief, one-off, or superficial action, but that isn’t really the default meaning, as it is in Brazilian Portuguese and Spanish and, with many deverbal nouns, though not all of them, in Italian as well. Have I understood it correctly?
     
    I'd say you have. In my opinion, it's a more accurate way of seeing it, at least regarding Catalan.
     
    Nonetheless, I took the time to check the meaning of some specific examples of this construction, like dare una letta, dare una guardata and dare una lavata, which really do mean “to have a quick read”, “to have a quick look” and “to give a quick wash”.
    El sentit de brevetat varia molt segons cada expressió. En general, diria que les perífrasis amb el verb dare sí que expressen una acció més ràpida o superficial. Les de fare no sempre, com ja vaig dir en el meu missatge anterior.
     
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    El sentit de brevetat varia molt segons cada expressió. En general, diria que les perífrasis amb el verb dare sí que expressen una acció més ràpida o superficial. Les de fare no sempre, com ja vaig dir en el meu missatge anterior.

    I had forgotten that, in another thread, I had commented on the existence of this construction, involving diminutive forms of the participle, in several languages spoken in Italy:

    I'm not sure I fully understood the OP's question, but I think the equivalent in Spanish (§§ 5.8o-5.8q in NGLE) and in Portuguese of the evaluative verbs in Italian you mentioned, @Olaszinhok, are verbal constructions with light verbs + una (sp)/uma (pt) + diminutive forms of deverbal nouns, such as: echar or dar una miradita/dar uma olhadinha; dar una dormidita/dar uma dormidinha; dar una leidita/dar uma lidinha. This type of construction exists in Italian, too: dare una guardatina/sbirciatina/occhiatina; dare una dormitina; dare una letturina (there are even some examples of dare una lettina, from dare una letta). And also in several Italian languages, as in Emilian (Bolognese dialect: far una durmidèina; Mantuan dialect: far na dormidina), Sicilian (fari una durmutedda), and in Venetian (Triestine dialect: far una spavadina). Brazilian Portuguese and Italian also have examples of "augmentatives": dar uma dormidona, fare una dormitona.

    As far as I can tell—and please correct me if I’m wrong—these constructions are also possible in Catalan, as in fer una dormideta and donar una ulladeta. However, their low frequency in Google makes me wonder whether they are not quite as common in Catalan as they are in Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese.

    In this case, I assume they do convey a sense of brevity and quickness, don’t they?
     
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