vós

See also: Appendix:Variations of "vos"

Asturian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Leonese vós from Latin vōs.

Pronoun

vós

1. you (subject pronoun: the group being addressed)
2. (dated) thou, thee (an elevated form of you, singular)

Synonyms

• vosotros, vosotres

Further reading

• “vós”, in Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana [Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Asturian), 1st edition, Academy of the Asturian Language [Asturian: Academia de la Llingua Asturiana], 2000, →ISBN
• García Arias, Xosé Lluis (2002–2004), “vós”, in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana [General Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (overall work in Spanish), Editorial Prensa Asturiana, →ISBN

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin vōs, from Proto-Italic *wōs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern) [ˈbus]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈvos]
• IPA^(key): (Central, Northwestern) [ˈbos]
• Rhymes: -os

Pronoun

vós (strong)

1. you

Usage notes

• Vós is a polite form, used when addressing a single person. It is used with the second person plural form of the verb. (Compare the polite usage of vous in French.)

Declension

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics

number	person		nominative	proclitic		enclitic		possessive
				accusative	dative	accusative	dative
singular	1st	standard	jo, mi3	em, m’		-me, ’m		meu
		majestic1	nós	ens		-nos, ’ns		nostre
	2nd	standard	tu	et, t’		-te, ’t		teu
		formal1	vós	us		-vos, -us		vostre
		very formal2	vostè	el, l’	li	-lo, ’l	-li	seu
	3rd	m	ell	el, l’	li	-lo, ’l	-li	seu
		f	ella	la, l’4	li	-la	-li	seu
		n	―	ho	li	-ho	-li	seu
plural
	1st		nosaltres	ens		-nos, ’ns		nostre
	2nd	standard	vosaltres	us		-vos, -us		vostre
		formal2	vostès	els		-los, ’ls		seu
	3rd	m	ells	els		-los, ’ls		seu
		f	elles	les	els	-les	-los, ’ls	seu
3rd reflexive			si	es, s’		-se, ’s		seu
adverbial	ablative/genitive		―	en, n’	―	-ne, ’n	―
	locative			hi		-hi

¹ Behaves grammatically as plural.   ² Behaves grammatically as third person.
³ Only as object of a preposition.   ⁴ Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

See also

• tu
• vostè
• vos
• vosaltres

Further reading

• “vós”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “vós”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “vós” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “vós”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)

Galician

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *yúHsder.

Proto-Italic *wōs

Latin vōs

Old Galician-Portuguese vos

Galician vós

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese vos, from Latin vōs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɔs/

Pronoun

vós (accusative vos, dative vos)

1. second-person plural nominative personal pronoun; you

   Synonyms: vosoutros, vostedes

2. (dated, dialectal) thou, thee (an elevated form of you, singular)

   Synonym: vostede

   • 1310, E. Portela Silva, editor, La región del obispado de Tuy en los siglos XII a XV, Santiago: Tip. El Eco Franciscano, page 384:

     De min dom ffernan ffernandez de Lima A vos Pero viçente de Martin meu omme Saude

     From me Don Fernán Fernández de Limia to thee Pedro Vicente de Martín, my man, hail

   • 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

     An que me trataches bén
     si'ávesita non pagàs
     dou ò demo pè ala poño
     nin me alembro de vòs màis.

     Although thou treated me well
     If the visit thou don't pay [lit. you (plural) don't pay]
     No way I'm putting a feet there
     Or remembering thee anymore

Usage notes

When vós is a polite form, addressing a single person, is used with the second person plural form of the verb. Compare the polite usage of vous in French and vós in Catalan.

Derived terms

• vola
• volas
• volo
• volos

Related terms

• convosco
• vosoutros

See also

Galician personal pronouns

number	person		nominative (subject)	accusative (direct object)	dative (indirect object)	prepositional	prepositional with con	non-declining
singular	first		eu	me		min	comigo	—
	second		ti	te	che	ti	contigo	vostede
	third	m	el	o (lo, no)	lle	el	con el	—
		f	ela	a (la, na)		ela	con ela	—
plural	first		nós nosoutros m nosoutras f	nos		nós	connosco	—
	second		vós vosoutros m vosoutras f	vos		vós	convosco	vostedes
	third	m	eles	os (los, nos)	lles	eles	con eles	—
		f	elas	as (las, nas)		elas	con elas	—
reflexive third / indefinite			—	se		si	consigo	—

See also

• Appendix:Galician pronouns

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “vos”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “vós”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Santamarina, editor (2006–2013), “vós”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Santamarina, Ernesto X. González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “vós”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “vós”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Old Leonese

Etymology

From Latin vōs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈβos/

Pronoun

vós

1. you (second-person plural pronoun) (elevated?)
   • 1276, Documents from San Andrés de Espinareda (Bierzo):

     cuanto demandar duble a vós [...] ye a la voz del rey ccc moravedís peite

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants

• Asturian: vós
• Leonese: vós
• Mirandese: bós

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈvɔ(j)s/ [ˈvɔ(ɪ̯)s]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈvɔ(j)s/ [ˈvɔ(ɪ̯)s]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈvɔ(j)ʃ/ [ˈvɔ(ɪ̯)ʃ]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈvɔʃ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈvɔʃ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈbɔʃ/

• Audio (Portugal (Porto)):

  (file)

• Homophone: voz
• Hyphenation: vós

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese vos, from Latin vōs, from Proto-Indo-European *wōs.

Pronoun

vós m pl or f pl by sense

1. (archaic, dialectal, literary, religion, or humorous) you, ye (second-person plural nominative and prepositional personal pronoun)

   Synonyms: vocês, os senhores

   Vós deveis fugir. ― Ye must flee.

   Aonde ides vós? ― Whither go ye?

2. (archaic, dialectal, literary, religion, or humorous) you, thou (second-person singular nominative and prepositional pronoun used when addressing a deity, noble or certain powerful officials)

   Synonyms: tu, você, o senhor

   Deus, vós sois a minha força.

   God, thou art my strength.

Usage notes

• In Brazil, vós has been almost fully replaced by vocês; while some northern dialects of Portugal retain its usage, it is otherwise archaic and literary, even when referring to the second-person formal singular. This usage has been replaced with você and o senhor.

Derived terms

• você
• vocês
• vós outros

Related terms

• vos
• vosso
• convosco

Descendants

• Kabuverdianu: bo
• Kristang: bos
• Guinea-Bissau Creole: bos
• Macanese: vôs
• Papiamentu: bo, abo

See also

Portuguese personal pronouns

number	person		nominative	prepositional	accusative	dative	prepositional with com	non-declining
singular	1st		eu	mim	me		comigo	—
	2nd		tu	ti	te		contigo	você o senhor m a senhora f
	3rd	m	ele		o (lo, no)	lhe	com ele	o mesmo
		f	ela		a (la, na)		com ela	a mesma
plural	1st		nós		nos		connosco (Portugal) conosco (Brazil)	a gente
	2nd		vós		vos		convosco com vós	vocês os senhores m as senhoras f
	3rd	m	eles		os (los, nos)	lhes	com eles	os mesmos
		f	elas		as (las, nas)		com elas	as mesmas
reflexive 3rd / indefinite			—	si	se		consigo	o mesmo etc. (reflexive)

Etymology 2

Noun

vós f

1. plural of vó

Further reading

• “vós”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “vós”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Pronoun

vós

1. obsolete spelling of vos