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symptom

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Symptom

English

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Etymology

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From Middle English sinthoma, from Medieval Latin sinthoma, altered by Late Latin symptoma, from Ancient Greek σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “a happening, accident, symptom of disease”), from stem of συμπίπτω (sumpíptō, “Ι befall”), from συν- (sun-, “together”) + πίπτω (píptō, “to fall”). See also syn-, -oma, -ome.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsɪm(p)təm/
  • Audio (Southern England):(file)
  • Hyphenation: sym‧ptom

Noun

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symptom (plural symptoms)

  1. (medicine) A perceived change in some function, sensation or appearance of a person that indicates a disease or disorder, such as fever, headache or rash; strictly, a symptom is felt or experienced by the patient, while a sign can be detected by an observer.
    The doctor told that his coughing and sneezing was the symptom of standing for too long in the rain.
    Swollen breasts, morning sickness, and a missed period are classic symptoms of pregnancy.
    • 1987 October, Avery N. Gilbert and Charles J. Wysocki, “Results of the Smell Survey”, in National Geographic, volume 172, number 4, page 520:
      Sometimes a change in olfactory experience is the only symptom in a patient who is otherwise healthy.
    • 2026, Ginny Graves, quoting Rishi K. Wadhera, “The Most Important Health Metric You're Not Tracking”, in Men's Health, volume 41, number 2, page 18:
      "Since hypertension doesn't usually cause symptoms, it flies below the radar, quietly damaging the vessels that deliver blood to your body and brain and increasing your risk of being blindsided by a heart attack or stroke."
  2. (figuratively) A signal; anything that indicates, or is characteristic of, the presence of something else, especially of something undesirable.
    Lying, hiding one's true feelings, and having affairs are typical symptoms of a doomed marriage.
    • 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, pages 114–115:
      "Nay, nay," exclaimed Lord Norbourne, "I cannot go quite so far as that. I have, thanks to your hospitality, laid in a stock of health enough for the ensuing winter: but as to the general benevolence of which you talk, I confess I find no symptoms: if I did, they would alarm me more than those of the gout."
    • 2009, Charles Zastrow, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare:
      Some people see birth outside of marriage as a social problem—a sign of a breakdown in the traditional family and a symptom of moral decay.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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  • Treatment of symptoms versus treatment of cause

Derived terms

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Translations

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References

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Further reading

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References

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  1. ^ "symptom" in "Kato's Integrated English-Japanese Medical Dictionary", published by Nanzando, 1970, pg. 1506.

Czech

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German Symptom[1] from Ancient Greek σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “a happening, accident, symptom of disease”), from stem of συμπίπτω (sumpíptō, “Ι befall”), from συν- (sun-, “together”) + πίπτω (píptō, “to fall”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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symptom m inan

  1. symptom
    Synonym: příznak

Declension

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Declension of symptom (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative symptom symptomy
genitive symptomu symptomů
dative symptomu symptomům
accusative symptom symptomy
vocative symptome symptomy
locative symptomu symptomech
instrumental symptomem symptomy
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References

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  1. ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2007), “symptom”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda

Further reading

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Danish

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Noun

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symptom n (singular definite symptomet, plural indefinite symptomer)

  1. symptom

Declension

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Declension of symptom
neuter
gender 		singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative symptom symptomet symptomer symptomerne
genitive symptoms symptomets symptomers symptomernes

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

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From Ancient Greek σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “chance, casualty; symptom”), from συμπίπτω (sumpíptō, “Ι befall”) (with the suffix, -μα (-ma), from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥), from both συν- (sun-, “with, together”), from σύν (sún, “beside, with”), from Proto-Indo-European *som-, from *sem- (“together, one”), or possibly from *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”), from *ḱe + and from πίπτω (píptō, “to fall”), from Proto-Indo-European *pípth₂-, from *peth₂- (“to spread out, fly”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /sʏmpˈtuːm/
  • Rhymes: -uːm
  • Hyphenation: symp‧tom

Noun

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symptom n (definite singular symptomet, indefinite plural symptom or symptomer, definite plural symptoma or symptomene)

  1. symptom

Derived terms

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Noun

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symptom n (definite singular symptomet, indefinite plural symptom, definite plural symptoma)

  1. symptom

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

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    Borrowed from French symptôme.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    symptom m inan

    1. (literary, medicine) symptom (something that indicates a disease or disorder)
      Synonyms: objaw, zwiastun
    2. (figurative, literary) symptom (indicator of something)
      Synonyms: objaw, oznaka, przejaw, sygnał, symptomat

    Declension

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    Declension of symptom
    singular plural
    nominative symptom symptomy
    genitive symptomu symptomów
    dative symptomowi symptomom
    accusative symptom symptomy
    instrumental symptomem symptomami
    locative symptomie symptomach
    vocative symptomie symptomy

    Further reading

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    • “symptom”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[1] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
    • “symptom”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[2] (in Polish)

    Swedish

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    Etymology

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    In the Swedish language since 1730. From Ancient Greek σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “a happening, accident, symptom of disease”).

    Noun

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    symptom n

    1. alternative form of symtom (“symptom”)

    Declension

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    Declension of symptom
    nominative genitive
    singular indefinite symptom symptoms
    definite symptomet symptomets
    plural indefinite symptom symptoms
    definite symptomen symptomens
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