gome

See also: gomë and gɔmɛ

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-

Proto-Indo-European *-ōm

Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm

Proto-Indo-European *-ō

?

Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰmṓ

Proto-Germanic *gumô

Proto-West Germanic *gumō

Old English guma

Middle English gome

English gome

From Middle English gome (“man”), from Old English guma (“man”), from Proto-West Germanic *gumō, from Proto-Germanic *gumô (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰmṓ (“earthling”), shortened variant of *dʰǵʰm̥mō (“earthling”). Cognate to Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌼𐌰 (guma) and Latin homō. Doublet of hombre, homo, ombre, and omi. See also human.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʌm/

• Audio (Southern England, /gəʊm/):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌm
• Homophone: gum

Noun

gome

1. (obsolete, Scotland, Northern England) A man.
   • a. 1500, The Knightly Tale of Golagros and Gawane:

     A gome gais to ane garet.

   • 1515, The Scottish Field:

     The King was glade of that golde, that the gome brought.

   • 1820, Scots Magazine:

     Whan the stalwart gome strade ower the spait An' clasp'd me in the flude.

Usage notes

The word gome survives only as part of the oral tradition in rural Scotland and Northern England. It is no longer used in common speech.

Related terms

• bridegroom

References

• DSL
• Chetham Miscellanies, Volume 2
• DSL

Anagrams

• geom., mego

Lombard

Alternative forms

• gomm, gumm, gom, gomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡom/, [ɡom], [ɡum] (Western dialects)
• IPA^(key): /ˈɡome/, [ˈɡome] (Eastern dialects)
• IPA^(key): /ˈɡome/, [ˈɡomi], [ˈɡumi] (Valtellinese)

Noun

gome

1. plural of goma

Middle English

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English guma, from Proto-West Germanic *gumō, from Proto-Germanic *gumô, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰmṓ.

Alternative forms

• gom, gomme, gone, goom, goome, gume

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡoːm(ə)/, /ˈɡum(ə)/

Noun

gome (plural gomes or gomen)

2. A man; a male human being.
   • c. 1385, William Langland, Piers Plowman, section II:

     And þus bigynneth þes gomes · to greden ful heiȝ.

     And thus began these men · to cry out full high.^{Verification Needed}

   • c. 1450, Life of Saint Cuthbert:

     Some towns wex near toom, In the which woned many a gome.

     Some towns wax near empty, In which lived many a man.^{Verification Needed}

   • 15th c., “Iohannes baptista [John the Baptist]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 203, lines 267–270:

     To the, ihesu, I make my mone; / ffarwell! comly, of cors so cleyn! / ffarwel! gracyouse gome! where so thou gone, / fful mekill grace is to the geyn;

     To thee, Jesus, I make my lamentation: farewell, pleasing [man], so clean of body! Farewell, gracious man! Wheresoever thou goest, you will gain much grace

3. A fighter or combatant; one who engages in battle.
4. A young male; a child who is male.
5. A person of any gender; a human being.
6. (rare) A male hireling, assistant or underling
7. (rare) A bridegroom; a male spouse.

Declension

Declension of gome

	singular	plural
(nominative/accusative)	gome	gomes, gomen
genitive	gome, gomes	gomes, gomene
dative	gome1	gomen2

¹Optional; mostly fossilised after Early Middle English.
²Only found in Early Middle English and optional there.

Related terms

• bridegome

Descendants

• English: gome
• Scots: gome

References

• “gome”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “gǒme, gōme, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 October 2018.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old English gōma, from Proto-West Germanic *gōmō, from Proto-Germanic *gōmô.

Alternative forms

• gomme, goome, gume, gumme

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡoːm(ə)/, /ˈɡum(ə)/

Noun

gome (plural gomes or goman)

2. (often in the plural) The flesh around the teeth; the gum.
3. The interior of one's mouth; the palate or roof of the mouth.
4. (rare, Late Middle English) One's teeth or jaws.

Descendants

• English: gum (dialectal goom)
• Scots: goom, geem, gum

References

• “gọ̄me, gom(m)e, n.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 October 2018.

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Old Norse gaumr, from Proto-Germanic *gaumaz.

Alternative forms

• gom, goom

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡoːm/

Noun

gome (uncountable)

2. Regard, attention, gaum.

Descendants

• English: gaum, gorm (dialectal)
• Scots: goam
  • → English: gumption

References

• “gọ̄me, n.(4).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 October 2018.

Etymology 4

Noun

gome

1. alternative form of gumme

Etymology 5

Noun

gome

1. (Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, Staffordshire, Worcestershire) alternative form of game

Scots

Etymology

From Middle English gome, gume, from Old English guma (“man, lord, hero”), from Proto-Germanic *gumô (“man”).

Noun

gome (plural gomes)

1. a man

Spanish

Verb

gome

1. inflection of gomar:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

gome class V (plural magome class VI)

1. bark (of a tree)

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English gon, igon, from Old English gān, ġegān.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɔːm/

Verb

gome

1. past participle of goe
   • 1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 6:

     An awi gome her egges wi a wheel an car taape,

     And away went her eggs, with the car overset.

References

• Kathleen A. Browne (1927), “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, in Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series)‎^[1], volume 17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 129