aku

See also: Appendix:Variations of "aku"

Languages (40)

Abau • Akawaio • Balangingi • Banjarese • Brooke's Point Palawano • Bulungan • Estonian • Greenlandic • Hadza • Hawaiian • Iban • Indonesian • Japanese • Jarai • Javanese • Kabishiana • Kapampangan • Karo Batak • Keningau Murut • Latvian • Makasar • Malay • Māori • Mbya Guarani • Mmen • Mori Bawah • Moronene • Musi • Ngizim • Nupe • Old Javanese • Paraguayan Guarani • Quechua • Sasak • Tagal Murut • Tausug • Ternate • Tokelauan • Totoli

Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

aku

(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Akum.

Abau

Etymology

From a (“house”) +‎ ku (“side”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /aku/

Noun

aku class II gender m

side of a house

References

SIL International (2020), “Abau Dictionary”, in Webonary.org‎^[3], archived from the original on 16 May 2025

Akawaio

Noun

aku (unpossessed)^[1]

An agouti.

References

^ Stegeman, Ray; Hunter, Rita (2014), Akawaio-English Dictionary and English-Akawaio Index, SIL International, page 21

Balangingi

Pronoun

aku

I (first person singular)

References

JoAnn Marie Gault, Pronouns in Sama Bangingi' hortatory discourse (2003)
JoAnn Marie Gault, An ergative description of Sama Bangingi' (1999)

Banjarese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronoun

aku

I, me (first person singular pronoun)
(when placed after a noun) my (first person singular possessive pronoun)

References

Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*aku”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Brooke's Point Palawano

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku

Proto-Philippine *akú

Brooke's Point Palawano aku

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *akú, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

aku

I (personal pronoun)

Bulungan

Alternative forms

daku

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈaku/

Pronoun

aku

I (personal pronoun)

Estonian

Etymology

A reduction of akumulaator, ultimately from Latin accumulātor.

Noun

aku (genitive aku, partitive akut)

battery, cell, accumulator

Declension

Declension of aku (ÕS type 16/pere, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		aku	akud
accusative	nom.	aku
accusative	gen.	aku
genitive		aku	akude
partitive		akut	akusid
illative		akku akusse	akudesse
inessive		akus	akudes
elative		akust	akudest
allative		akule	akudele
adessive		akul	akudel
ablative		akult	akudelt
translative		akuks	akudeks
terminative		akuni	akudeni
essive		akuna	akudena
abessive		akuta	akudeta
comitative		akuga	akudega

Greenlandic

Etymology

From Proto-Inuit *aku- (“interval, to mix”), from Proto-Eskimo *akuv- (“between, to mix”). Compare akunneq (“interval”) and akulaaq (“crotch”).

Pronunciation

(Nuuk) IPA^(key): /aku/, [a.kʊ]

Noun

aku (plural akut)

ingredient
estuary, mouth of a river

Declension

Declension of *aku* (type *illu*)
case	singular	plural
absolutive	aku	akut
ergative	akup	akut
allative	akumut	akunut
ablative	akumit	akunit
prolative	akukkut	akutigut
locative	akumi	akuni
instrumental	akumik	akunik
equative	akutut

First-person singular declension of *akuga* (type *illu*)
case	singular	plural
absolutive	akuga	akukka
ergative	akuma
allative	akunnut
ablative	akunnit
prolative	akukkut
locative	akunni
instrumental	akunnik
equative	akuttut

Hadza

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔaku/

Determiner

aku

what kind?, which?

Related terms

akwaza (“who?”)
akwia (“what?”)

Hawaiian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈa.ku/, [ˈɐ.ku]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *qatu (compare with Māori atu, Rarotongan atu, Tongan ʻatu, Samoan atu)^[1] from Proto-Oceanic *qatun (compare with Fijian yatu).^[2]

Noun

aku

bonito, skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis)

References

^ Hooper, Robin (1994), Reconstructing Proto-Polynesian fish names‎^[1], Pacific Linguistics, Australian National University, →DOI, page 222
^ M. Ross, A. Pawley, M. Osmond, editors (2011), The Lexicon of Proto-Oceanic‎^[2], volume 4: Animals, Australian National University, →ISBN, pages 112–3.

Etymology 2

Compare with Māori atu. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Particle

aku

direction away from the speaker, away
soon, later, earlier, last (week, year, etc.)

Usage notes

Mai and aku may change the meaning of the verb:
aʻo mai (“to learn”) — aʻo aku (“to teach”)

kūʻai mai (“to buy”) — kūʻai aku (“to sell”)

Synonyms

akula

Antonyms

mai, maila

Iban

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronoun

aku

I, me (first person singular pronoun)
(when placed after a noun) my (first person singular possessive pronoun)

References

Adelaar, K. A. (1992), Proto-Malayic: The reconstruction of its phonology and parts of its lexicon and morphology‎^[5], Canberra: The Australian National University
Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*aku”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Indonesian

Pronunciation

(Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈaku/ [ˈa.ku]
Audio: (file)
Syllabification: a‧ku

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay aku, from Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku. False cognate of Latin ego and Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ).

Pronoun

aku

Indonesian personal pronouns
		singular	plural
1st person exclusive	regular	aku, saya¹	kami
	enclitic	-ku	-
	proclitic	ku-	-
1st person inclusive		-	kita
2nd person	regular	kamu, Anda², kau³	kalian, Anda², Anda sekalian², Anda semua²
2nd person	enclitic	-mu	-
3rd person	regular	dia, beliau⁴, ia³	mereka
3rd person	enclitic	-nya	-
reflexive		diri⁵, diri sendiri
emphatic		sendiri

¹ Polite.
² Formal.
³ Now mostly literary.
⁴ Respectful.

⁵ Sometimes used as an emphatic marker instead of being reflexive.

Notes:

This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language.
The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms, titles, or the like.
The enclitics are only used obliquely (object or possessor), while the proclitic is only used as a subject.

See each entry for more information.

(casual or informal) first person singular pronoun: I, me, my
Synonyms: (informal, Jakarta) gua; (polite) saya; (poetic) hamba

Pagi ini aku makan ikan.
This morning I ate fish.

Dia mengajak aku berjalan-jalan di taman.
He invited me to take a walk in the park.

Kucing aku sedang tidur.
My cat is sleeping.

Alternative forms

Derived terms

Affixations

Etymology 2

Noun

aku (uncountable)

syllabic abbreviation of anggaran dan keuangan (“budgeting and finance”)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Javanese [Term?].

Noun

aku (plural aku-aku)

(dialect) pomegranate flower

Japanese

Romanization

aku

Rōmaji transcription of あく

Jarai

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ikuR, from Proto-Austronesian *ikuR.

Noun

aku (classifier ƀĕ)

tail

Javanese

Romanization

aku

romanization of ꦲꦏꦸ

Kabishiana

Noun

äḳu

water

References

Merritt Ruhlen, The Origin of Language: Tracing the Evolution of the Mother Tongue (1996, →ISBN)

Kapampangan

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *akú, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈaku/ [ˈa.xu]
Hyphenation: a‧ku

Pronoun

áku

I (personal pronoun)
me (direct object of a verb)
me (object of a preposition)
me (indirect object of a verb)
my (belonging to me)

Karo Batak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronoun

aku

I, me (first person singular pronoun)
(when placed after a noun) my (first person singular possessive pronoun)

References

Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*aku”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Keningau Murut

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronoun

aku

I (first person singular pronoun nominative)

References

N. B. Baboneau (November 1922), “A Murut Vocabulary”, in Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society‎^[6], number 86, Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 358
Jason William Lobel (2016), North Borneo Sourcebook: Vocabularies and Functors‎^[7], Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, page 259

Latvian

Noun

aku f

inflection of aka:
1. accusative/instrumental singular
2. genitive plural

Makasar

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-South Sulawesi *aku (“I”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, Proto-Austronesian *aku (“I”). Cognate with Malay aku, mengaku. Doublet of nakke and inakke.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈaku/, [ˈa.kʰu]
Syllabification: a‧ku

Verb

aku (Lontara spelling ᨕᨀᨘ or 𑻱𑻠𑻴, semi-transitive anngaku, passive niaku)

(transitive) to claim, to profess, to avow (of oneself)
Naàkui kalenna sibija sombaya.
He claims to be related to the somba (the ruler of Gowa).

Derived terms

affixations

Malay

Alternative forms

daku (poetic)
ak, aque, aq (text messaging, Internet slang)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (aku).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈaku/ [ˈʔa.ku]
- Audio (Malaysia): (file)
- Audio (Malaysia): (file)
Rhymes: -aku, -ku, -u
Hyphenation: a‧ku

Pronoun

aku (Jawi spelling اکو)

(informal) first person singular pronoun; I, me
Synonym: saya (polite)

Aku tengah makan.
I am eating.

Usage notes

This pronoun is generally only used with people of the same, younger, or a similar age group such as one's classmates.
If used with someone of a socially higher position such an older person or a superior, it would be considered very disrespectful.

Derived terms

Affixations

Descendants

> Indonesian: aku

References

Adelaar, K. A. (1992), Proto-Malayic: The reconstruction of its phonology and parts of its lexicon and morphology‎^[8], Canberra: The Australian National University
Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*aku”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Māori

Etymology

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *au, from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *au, from Proto-Polynesian *au,^[1] from Proto-Central Pacific *au, from Proto-Oceanic *(i-)au, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku. Cognates include Hawaiian au and Samoan aʻu.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈaku/ [ˈɐkʉ]

Pronoun

aku

my (when talking of more than one thing)
Ko aku tīpuna ērā. ― Those are my grandparents.

Usage notes

A possessive determiner which must be followed by a noun, unlike āku and ōku. This is the neutral or informal form and is not governed by the a and o categories. It cannot be stressed, in which case either āku or ōku must be used, depending on the category of the noun.

Declension

Māori possessive pronouns
		singular object			dual/plural object
		A category	O category	neutral	A category	O category	neutral
singular subject	1st person	tāku	tōku	taku	āku	ōku	aku
	2nd person	tāu	tōu	tō	āu	ōu	ō
	3rd person	tāna	tōna	tana	āna	ōna	ana

dual subject	1st person, inclusive	tā tāua	tō tāua	—	ā tāua	ō tāua	—
	1st person, exclusive	tā māua	tō māua	—	ā māua	ō māua	—
	2nd person	tā kōrua	tō kōrua	—	ā kōrua	ō kōrua	—
	3rd person	tā rāua	tō rāua	—	ā rāua	ō rāua	—

plural subject	1st person, inclusive	tā tātou	tō tātou	—	ā tātou	ō tātou	—
	1st person, exclusive	tā mātou	tō mātou	—	ā mātou	ō mātou	—
	2nd person	tā koutou	tō koutou	—	ā koutou	ō koutou	—
	3rd person	tā rātou	tō rātou	—	ā rātou	ō rātou	—

A category: alienable possession; possessor has control of the relationship.
O category: inalienable possession; possessor has no control over the relationship.

References

^ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “AU.1”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 50, number 2, pages 551–9

John C. Moorfield (2011), “aku”, in Te Aka: Māori–English, English–Māori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, →ISBN

Mbya Guarani

Adjective

aku

(to be) hot

Conjugation

Conjugation of aku
singular			plural
1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person inclusive	1^st person exclusive	2^nd person	3^rd person
xee xeraku	ndee nderaku	ha'e haku	nhande nhanderaku	ore oreraku	peẽ penderaku	ha'e haku

Mmen

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [āku᷇]

Noun

aku

forest

Mori Bawah

Etymology

From Proto-Bungku-Tolaki *ku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronoun

aku

I (personal pronoun)
me (direct object of a verb)
me (object of a preposition)
me (indirect object of a verb)
my (belonging to me)

Moronene

Alternative forms

iβaku

Etymology

From Proto-Bungku-Tolaki *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronoun

aku

I (personal pronoun)
me (direct object of a verb)
me (object of a preposition)
me (indirect object of a verb)
my (belonging to me)

Musi

Alternative forms

ku

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /aku/
Audio (Palembang): (file)

Pronoun

aku

I, me (first person singular pronoun)
Aku nandang kumanyé kûyûng. (Sekayu) ― I visited my brother's house.
(when placed after a noun) my (first person singular possessive pronoun)
Emé' aku la nyawîske kuî segelo'. (Palembang) ― My mother has prepared a jar of cookies.

References

Adelaar, K. A. (1992), Proto-Malayic: The reconstruction of its phonology and parts of its lexicon and morphology‎^[9], Canberra: The Australian National University
Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*aku”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Ngizim

Etymology

From Proto-Chadic *wk-/*kw- (“goat”). Cognate with Karekare àuyàku, Uldeme awak, Miya nkwak, Ngamo aku, Bura aki.

Noun

àkū (plural gàrau)

goat

Nupe

Etymology

From Hausa aku.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /à.kú/

Noun

àkú (plural àkúzhì)

African gray parrot (Psittacus erithacus)

Old Javanese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronoun

aku

I, me (first person singular pronoun)
(when placed after a noun) my (first person singular possessive pronoun)

Derived terms

Descendants

Javanese: ꦲꦏꦸ (aku)

References

"aku" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Paraguayan Guarani

Pronunciation

Rhymes: -u

Adjective

aku

hot

References

Britton, A. Scott (2005), “aku”, in Guaraní Concise Dictionary (overall work in English), New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN, page 14
Canese, Natalia Krivoshein de; Alcaraz, Feliciano Acosta (2016), “aku”, in Ñe’ẽryru [Dictionary] (overall work in Spanish), Asunción: Instituto Superior de Lenguas, →ISBN, page 13, column 1

Quechua

Alternative forms

haku (Ayacucho) ("flour")
hak'u (Cuzco-Collao) ("flour")

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Quechuan *aku.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈa.kʊ/

Noun

aku

flour, a milled cereal
Synonyms: hak'u (Cuzco-Collao), haku (Ayacucho)
(Cuzco) chewed coca
(Collao) resting time after chewing coca

Sasak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronoun

aku

I, me (first person singular pronoun)
(when placed after a noun) my (first person singular possessive pronoun)

References

Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*aku”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Tagal Murut

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku

Tagal Murut aku

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

aku

I (personal pronoun)

Tausug

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku.

Pronunciation

(Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /ʔaku/ [ʔɑˈk̠u]
Rhymes: -u
Syllabification: a‧ku

Pronoun

aku (Sulat Sūg spelling اَكُ)

I

Ternate

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-North Halmahera (likely of the form *akun); compare Loloda akunu, Sahu nga'unu (with N- prefixation), Pagu akun.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈa.ku/

Verb

aku (Jawi أكو)

(auxiliary) to be allowed, may
أكو ؤواه سکالي٢ أن إهورو سسيره ― aku ua sakali-sakali ana ihoru sosira ― it is absolutely not allowed that they paddle earlier

una owosa toma hito, mina moaku ua ― he enters the kitchen, she may not

ngone fosabea ge aku ― we (incl.) may pray for that

Usage notes

As an auxiliary, aku follows the main verb. It may take the subject clitics (o, mo, etc.) only either for emphasis or when aku is used as the sole verb in a sentence.

Conjugation

Conjugation of *aku*
		singular	plural
		singular	inclusive	exclusive
1st person		toaku	foaku	miaku
2nd person		noaku	niaku
3rd person	masculine	oaku	iaku yoaku (archaic)
	feminine	moaku
	neuter	iaku

References

Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890), Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Tokelauan

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈa.ku]
Hyphenation: a‧ku

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *qa-ku. Cognates include Māori āku.

Pronoun

a aku

(alienable) mine

Determiner

aku

(alienable) my

Etymology 2

From Proto-Polynesian *haku, from Proto-Oceanic *saku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saku. Cognates include Hawaiian aʻu and Samoan a'u.

Noun

aku

needlefish of the genus Strongylura

References

R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary‎^[10], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 10

Totoli

Alternative forms

yaku

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

aku

I (first person singular pronoun)

[1] Stegeman, Ray; Hunter, Rita (2014), Akawaio-English Dictionary and English-Akawaio Index, SIL International, page 21

[2] Hooper, Robin (1994), Reconstructing Proto-Polynesian fish names‎^[1], Pacific Linguistics, Australian National University, →DOI, page 222

[3] M. Ross, A. Pawley, M. Osmond, editors (2011), The Lexicon of Proto-Oceanic‎^[2], volume 4: Animals, Australian National University, →ISBN, pages 112–3.

[4] Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “AU.1”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 50, number 2, pages 551–9

[1]

[1]

[2]

[1]

	Nom. (Long)	Nom. (Short)	Genitive	Oblique
1SG	aku		ku	dakiʔ
2SG	okow	kow	mu	diun
3SG	io		no	diso
1EX	akay		may	damiʔ
1IN.DU	ito	to	to	dito
1IN.PL	itakaw	takaw	takaw	ditakaw
2PL	akaw	kaw	muyun	damuyun
3PL	iro		niro	disiro

	Singular	Plural
1^st person	saya¹ aku³	kita⁴ kami^{2 & 5} kita orang^{3 & 5}
2^nd person	awak¹ anda² awda⁸ (eng)kau³ kamu³	(2^nd person) + semua⁶ kalian² (eng)kau orang³
3^rd person	dia ia beliau⁷ -nya²	mereka² dia orang³

inalienable (O-type)	singular	dual		plural
inalienable (O-type)	singular	long	short	plural
1st person (exclusive)	o oku, o kita¹	o māua	o mā	o mātou
1st person (inclusive)	―	o tāua	o tā	o tātou
2nd person	o ōu, o koe	o koulua		o koutou
3rd person	o ona	o lāua	o lā	o lātou

alienable (A-type)	singular	dual		plural
alienable (A-type)	singular	long	short	plural
1st person (exclusive)	a aku, a kita¹	a māua	a mā	a mātou
1st person (inclusive)	―	a tāua	a tā	a tātou
2nd person	a āu, a koe	a koulua		a koutou
3rd person	a ana	a lāua	a lā	a lātou

Definite inalienable (O-type)
		singular reference				plural reference
		sg	du		pl	sg	du		pl
		sg	long	short	pl	sg	long	short	pl
1st person	excl.	toku, tota¹	to māua	to mā	to mātou	oku, ota¹	o māua	o mā	o mātou
1st person	incl.	―	to tāua	to tā	to tātou	―	o tāua	o tā	o tātou
2nd person		tō	toulua		toutou	ō	oulua		outou
3rd person		tona	to lāua	to lā	to lātou	ona	o lāua	o lā	o lātou

Definite alienable (A-type)
		singular reference				plural reference
		sg	du		pl	sg	du		pl
		sg	long	short	pl	sg	long	short	pl
1st person	excl.	taku, tata¹	ta māua	ta mā	ta mātou	aku, ata¹	a māua	a mā	a mātou
1st person	incl.	―	ta tāua	ta tā	ta tātou	―	a tāua	a tā	a tātou
2nd person		tau	taulua		tautou	au	aulua		autou
3rd person		tana	ta lāua	ta lā	ta lātou	ana	a lāua	a lā	a lātou

Indefinite inalienable (O-type)
		singular reference				plural reference
		sg	du		pl	sg	du		pl
		sg	long	short	pl	sg	long	short	pl
1st person	excl.	hoku, hota¹	ho māua	ho mā	ho mātou	ni oku, ni ota¹	ni o māua	ni o mā	ni o mātou
1st person	incl.	―	ho tāua	ho tā	ho tātou	―	ni o tāua	ni o tā	ni o tātou
2nd person		hō	houlua		houtou	ni ō	ni oulua		ni outou
3rd person		hona	ho lāua	ho lā	ho lātou	ni ona	ni o lāua	ni o lā	ni o lātou

Indefinite alienable (A-type)
		singular reference				plural reference
		sg	du		pl	sg	du		pl
		sg	long	short	pl	sg	long	short	pl
1st person	excl.	haku, hata¹	ha māua	ha mā	ha mātou	ni aku, ni ata¹	ni a māua	ni a mā	ni a mātou
1st person	incl.	―	ha tāua	ha tā	ha tātou	―	ni a tāua	ni a tā	ni a tātou
2nd person		hau	haulua		hautou	ni au	ni aulua		ni autou
3rd person		hana	ha lāua	ha lā	ha lātou	ni ana	ni a lāua	ni a lā	ni a lātou

Kapampangan personal pronouns
		absolute		ergative	oblique
		disjunctive	enclitic	ergative	oblique
first person	singular	aku/i aku/yaku	ku		kanaku
	plural inclusive	ikatamu	katamu/tamu	tamu/ta	kekatamu
	plural exclusive	ikami, ike	kami/ke	mi	kekami/keke
second person	singular	ika	ka	mu	keka
second person	plural	ikayu/iko	kayu/ko	yu	kekayu/keko
third person	singular	iya/ya	ya	na	keya/kaya
third person	plural	ila	la	da/ra	karela

Translingual

Symbol

See also

Abau

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Akawaio

Noun

See also

References

Balangingi

Pronoun

References

Banjarese

Etymology

Pronoun

References

Brooke's Point Palawano

Etymology

Pronoun

Bulungan

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Pronoun

Further reading

Estonian

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Greenlandic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Hadza

Pronunciation

Determiner

Related terms

Hawaiian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

References

Etymology 2

Particle

Usage notes

Synonyms

Antonyms

Iban

Etymology

Pronoun

References

Indonesian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Pronoun

Alternative forms

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

Etymology 3

Noun

Further reading

Japanese

Romanization

Jarai

Etymology

Noun

Javanese

Romanization

Kabishiana

Noun

References

Kapampangan

Alternative forms

Etymology