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系

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 糸, 繫, 係, and Appendix:Variations of "kei"
系 U+7CFB, 系
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CFB
← 糺
[U+7CFA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 糼 →
[U+7CFC]

Translingual

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Stroke order
7 strokes
Japanese 系 係 繋
Simplified 系 系 系
Traditional 系 係 繫

Han character

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系 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+1, 7 strokes, Cangjie input 竹女戈火 (HVIF), four-corner 20903, composition ⿱丿糸)

Usage notes

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In Chinese, this character both exists as a traditional character and as simplification of 係 and 繫. In Japanese, 系 and 係 are separate characters, while 繫 is unofficially simplified as 繋 (extended shinjitai).

Derived characters

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Additional derived characters

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 915, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27223
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1342, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3361, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+7CFB

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 系
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (系) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
係 *keːɡs
系 *ɡeːɡs

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): abbreviated 手 + 糸. Also used as simplified forms:

  • Simplified from 繫 (𣪠 → 丿) (through an intermediate form 毄).
  • Simplified from 係 (elimination of 人).

Etymology 1

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trad. 系
simp. # 系

Pronunciation 1

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 系
Mandarin Beijing /ɕi⁵¹/
Harbin /ɕi⁵³/
Tianjin /ɕi⁵³/
Jinan /ɕi²¹/
Qingdao /ɕi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕi³¹²/
Xi'an /ɕi⁴⁴/
Xining /ɕji²¹³/
Yinchuan /ɕi¹³/
Lanzhou /ɕi¹³/
Ürümqi /ɕi²¹³/
Wuhan /ɕi³⁵/
Chengdu /ɕi¹³/
Guiyang /ɕi²¹³/
Kunming /ɕi²¹²/
Nanjing /ɕi⁴⁴/
Hefei /sz̩⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕi⁴⁵/
Pingyao /ɕi³⁵/
Hohhot /ɕi⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦi²³/
Suzhou /ɦi³¹/
Hangzhou /ɕi⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /ji²²/
Hui Shexian /ɕi²²/
Tunxi /ɕie¹¹/ 關～
/t͡ɕie⁴²/ ～帶子
Xiang Changsha /ɕi⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /ɕi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /ɕi²¹/
Hakka Meixian /hi⁵³/
Taoyuan /hi⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hɐi²²/
Nanning /hɐi²²/
Hong Kong /hɐi²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /he²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hiɛ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xi⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /hi³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hi³³/
Rime
Character 系
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 胡計切
Baxter hejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦeiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦeiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦɛjH/
Li
Rong 		/ɣeiH/
Wang
Li 		/ɣieiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɣieiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hai6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 系
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hejH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[m]-kˁek-s/
English bind (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 系
Reading # 1/1
No. 13427
Phonetic
component 		系
Rime
group 		賜
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		蒵
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡeːɡs/
Definitions
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系

  1. department; faculty
    中文系  ―  zhōngwén xì  ―  Chinese language faculty
  2. system
    太陽系／太阳系  ―  Tàiyángxì  ―  the Solar system
  3. to belong to; to be part of; to fall under; to be categorised as; to be classified as
    視覺系／视觉系  ―  Shìjúexì  ―  visual kei
  4. (historical) warlord clique (only used in compounds.)
    皖系  ―  Wǎnxì  ―  the Anhui clique

Synonyms

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  • (to belong to):
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions
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系

  1. (historical dictionaries only) chopsticks

Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 系 – see 繫 (“to tie, to fasten, to button up; to connect; to link; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified form of 繫).
Notes:

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of 系 – see 係 (“to relate; to bear on; to tie; to bind; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified form of 係).
Notes:

Japanese

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Kanji

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系

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: げ (ge)
  • Kan-on: けい (kei, Jōyō)
  • Kun: つなぐ (tsunagu, 系ぐ)

Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
系
けい
Grade: 6
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 系 (MC hejH).

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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系(けい) • (-kei) 

  1. type, kind, system, family
    感(かん)動(どう)する系(けい)の曲(きょく)
    kandō suru kei no kyoku
    an emotionally stirring kind of musical piece
    癒(いや)し系(けい)の女(じょ)性(せい)
    iyashi-kei no josei
    a soothing kind of woman
    萌(も)え系(けい)
    moe-kei
    moe-type anime

References

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Korean

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Hanja

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系 (eumhun 이을 계 (ieul gye))

  1. hanja form? of 계 (“connect, link, join”)

Vietnamese

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Chữ Hán

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系: Hán Nôm readings: hệ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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