專

See also: 専, 专, and 尃

專 U+5C08, 專 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C08 ← 將 [U+5C07] CJK Unified Ideographs 尉 → [U+5C09]

Translingual

Traditional	專
Shinjitai	専
Simplified	专

Han character

專 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+8, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 十戈木戈 (JIDI), four-corner 5034₃, composition ⿳⿻一申⿰㇀丶寸 or ⿱⿻一⿻虫一寸)

Descendants

• 専
• 专

Derived characters

• 傳, 轉, 磚, 團, 摶, 膞, 蓴, 篿, 竱, 漙, 鱄, 嫥, 縳

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 295, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7439
• Dae Jaweon: page 584, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 507, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5C08

Chinese

trad.		專
simp.		专
alternative forms		専 耑 剸／𰄞 叀 𠧡

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 專
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (專) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
竱	*toːn, *tjonʔ
團	*doːn
摶	*doːn, *doːn, *donʔ
篿	*doːn, *tjon
慱	*doːn
剸	*doːn, *tjonʔ, *tjons
鄟	*doːn, *tjon, *djonʔ
漙	*doːn
鷒	*doːn, *tjon
轉	*tonʔ, *tons
傳	*tons, *don, *dons
囀	*tons
縳	*donʔ, *dons
專	*tjon
磚	*tjon
甎	*tjon
塼	*tjon
嫥	*tjon
膞	*tjon, *tjonʔ, *djonʔ
鱄	*tjon, *tjonʔ
蓴	*djun

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tjon): phonetic 叀 (“spindle”) + semantic 又 (“hand”) – a hand turning a spindle or spinning wheel. It has come to mean to bundle several things together into one. Originally also written 叀.

The 又 was later replaced by related 寸.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhuān (zhuan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄢ

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): pfǎn

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zyun¹

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): zoen¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zon¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): zon¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chôn

  (Hailu, HRS): zhon^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zon¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): zuan¹
• Northern Min (KCR): cṳíng
• Eastern Min (BUC): ciŏng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zoeng¹ / zyoeng¹ / zuong¹ / zieng¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): choan

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zuang¹ / zuêng¹

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): jieng¹

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): zyun¹
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹tsoe / ¹cioen / ¹tsie / ¹tse / ¹tsuon / ¹tseen / ¹tsoen
  • (Jinhua): ¹cioe; ¹ciuan
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jyenn¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhuān
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhuan
    • Wade–Giles: chuan¹
    • Yale: jwān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juan
    • Palladius: чжуань (čžuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵⁵/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: pfǎn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /p͡fʰã²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zyun¹
    • Yale: jyūn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzyn¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: jun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syːn⁵⁵/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: zoen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡søn²¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zon¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sᵘɔn³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: zon¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵn⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chôn
    • Hakka Romanization System: zon^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zon¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡son²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: zhon^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃon⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zon¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔn⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: zuan¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡suæ̃¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cṳíng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syiŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ciŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suoŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zoeng¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ce̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœŋ⁵³³/
  • (Youyang)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zoeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœŋ⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zyoeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syøŋ⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zuong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suoŋ⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zieng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sieŋ⁵⁴⁴/

Note: zuong1 - vernacular (俗讀).

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: choan
    • Tâi-lô: tsuan
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoafn
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡suan⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡suan³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡suan⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡suan⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡suan⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zuang¹ / zuêng¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsuang / tsueng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suaŋ³³/, /t͡sueŋ³³/

Note:

• zuang1 - Shantou;
• zuêng1- Chaozhou.

• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: jieng¹
  • Sinological IPA: /t͡sieŋ³⁵/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: zyun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syn⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Chongming, Suzhou, Kunshan, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Haining, Haiyan, Deqing, Xiaoshan, Ningbo)
    • Wugniu: ¹tsoe
    • MiniDict: tsoe^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tsoe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sø⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sø⁵⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sø⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /t͡sø⁵⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡sɵ⁵⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sɤə⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /t͡sɤ⁵⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /t͡sə⁵¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Deqing): /t͡sɤ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiaoshan): /t͡sə̃⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡sø⁵²/
  • (Northern: Jingjiang)
    • Wugniu: ¹cioen
    • Sinological IPA (Jingjiang): /t͡ɕiũ⁴⁴/
  • (Northern: Jiading)
    • Wugniu: ¹tsie
    • MiniDict: tsie^平
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡sɪ⁵³/
  • (Northern: Songjiang, Tongxiang, Haining)
    • Wugniu: ¹tse
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡se⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /t͡sɛ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /t͡se⁵⁵/
  • (Northern: Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹tsuon
    • MiniDict: tsuon^平
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sɹ̩ʷõ³³⁴/
  • (Northern: Shaoxing, Cixi)
    • Wugniu: ¹tseen
    • MiniDict: tsen^平
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡sẽ⁵²/
    • Sinological IPA (Cixi): /t͡sẽ³²⁴/
  • (Northern: Shaoxing, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ¹tsoen
    • MiniDict: tsoeon^平
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡sø̃⁵²/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡sø⁵³/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ¹cioe; ¹ciuan
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡ɕyɤ³³⁴/, /t͡ɕyã³³⁴/

Note:

• Haining:
  • 1tsoe - old-style;
  • 1tse - new-style.

• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: jyenn¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy̯ẽ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsywen

Rime
Character	專
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	職緣切
Baxter	tsywen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʷiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjuæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cwian/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuɛn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭwɛn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhuān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyun1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ton/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjon/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	專
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhuān
Middle Chinese	‹ tsywen ›
Old Chinese	/*ton/
English	exclusively
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	專
Reading #	1/1
No.	17683
Phonetic component	專
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	專
Old Chinese	/*tjon/

Definitions

專

1. to monopolize; to take sole possession
2. specific; special; exclusive
3. expert; focused; concentrated
4. (archaic) to concentrate; to focus; mindfulness
5. exclusively; specially; solely
6. (Teochew) deliberately; on purpose
7. (obsolete) spindle; spinning wheel
8. a surname, Zhuan

Compounds

• 一專多能 / 一专多能 (yīzhuānduōnéng)
• 一清專案 / 一清专案
• 不專 / 不专
• 二專 / 二专
• 五專 / 五专
• 八專 / 八专
• 反專利 / 反专利
• 君主專制 / 君主专制 (jūnzhǔ zhuānzhì)
• 大專 / 大专 (dàzhuān)
• 大專教育 / 大专教育
• 大專暑訓 / 大专暑训
• 大專生 / 大专生
• 大專聯考 / 大专联考
• 大專院校 / 大专院校 (dàzhuān yuànxiào)
• 好學專輯 / 好学专辑
• 專一 / 专一 (zhuānyī)
• 專人 / 专人 (zhuānrén)
• 專任 / 专任 (zhuānrèn)
• 專使 / 专使 (zhuānshǐ)
• 專修 / 专修 (zhuānxiū)
• 專刊 / 专刊 (zhuānkān)
• 專利 / 专利 (zhuānlì)
• 專利地圖 / 专利地图
• 專利權 / 专利权 (zhuānlìquán)
• 專利法 / 专利法
• 專制 / 专制 (zhuānzhì)
• 專制政治 / 专制政治
• 專制政體 / 专制政体
• 專勤制度 / 专勤制度
• 專區 / 专区 (zhuānqū)
• 專司 / 专司
• 專名 / 专名 (zhuānmíng)
• 專名號 / 专名号 (zhuānmínghào)
• 專命 / 专命
• 專員 / 专员 (zhuānyuán)
• 專國弄權 / 专国弄权
• 專城 / 专城
• 專家 / 专家 (zhuānjiā)
• 專家政治 / 专家政治
• 專家系統 / 专家系统
• 專寵 / 专宠
• 專屬海域 / 专属海域
• 專差 / 专差
• 專征
• 專心 / 专心 (zhuānxīn)
• 專心一志 / 专心一志
• 專心一意 / 专心一意
• 專心致志 / 专心致志 (zhuānxīnzhìzhì)
• 專恣跋扈 / 专恣跋扈
• 專情 / 专情
• 專戮 / 专戮
• 專戶 / 专户
• 專房 / 专房
• 專才 / 专才 (zhuāncái)
• 專擅 / 专擅 (zhuānshàn)
• 專攻 / 专攻 (zhuāngōng)
• 專政 / 专政 (zhuānzhèng)
• 專斷 / 专断 (zhuānduàn)
• 專斷獨行 / 专断独行
• 專書 / 专书
• 專有名詞 / 专有名词 (zhuānyǒu míngcí)
• 專案 / 专案 (zhuān'àn)
• 專校 / 专校
• 專案小組 / 专案小组
• 專業 / 专业 (zhuānyè)
• 專業人員 / 专业人员 (zhuānyè rényuán)
• 專業人才 / 专业人才 (zhuānyè réncái)
• 專業化 / 专业化 (zhuānyèhuà)
• 專業區 / 专业区
• 專業村 / 专业村
• 專業科目 / 专业科目
• 專業警察 / 专业警察
• 專橫 / 专横 (zhuānhèng)
• 專機 / 专机 (zhuānjī)
• 專橫跋扈 / 专横跋扈 (zhuānhèngbáhù)
• 專櫃 / 专柜 (zhuānguì)
• 專欄 / 专栏 (zhuānlán)
• 專欄作家 / 专栏作家
• 專權 / 专权 (zhuānquán)
• 專欲難成 / 专欲难成
• 專款 / 专款 (zhuānkuǎn)
• 專款專用 / 专款专用
• 專注 / 专注 (zhuānzhù)
• 專營 / 专营 (zhuānyíng)
• 專用 / 专用 (zhuānyòng)
• 專科 / 专科 (zhuānkē)
• 專科學校 / 专科学校 (zhuānkē xuéxiào)
• 專科辭典 / 专科辞典
• 專科醫師 / 专科医师
• 專程 / 专程 (zhuānchéng)
• 專管 / 专管
• 專精 / 专精
• 專精覃思 / 专精覃思
• 專線 / 专线 (zhuānxiàn)
• 專美 / 专美 (zhuānměi)
• 專美於前 / 专美于前
• 專職 / 专职 (zhuānzhí)
• 專著 / 专著 (zhuānzhù)
• 專訪 / 专访 (zhuānfǎng)
• 專誠 / 专诚 (zhuānchéng)
• 專論 / 专论 (zhuānlùn)
• 專責 / 专责 (zhuānzé)
• 專賣 / 专卖 (zhuānmài)
• 專賣店 / 专卖店 (zhuānmàidiàn)
• 專賣憑證 / 专卖凭证
• 專賣權 / 专卖权
• 專車 / 专车 (zhuānchē)
• 專輯 / 专辑 (zhuānjí)
• 專達 / 专达
• 專長 / 专长 (zhuāncháng)
• 專門 / 专门 (zhuānmén)
• 專集 / 专集 (zhuānjí)
• 專電 / 专电 (zhuāndiàn)
• 專題 / 专题 (zhuāntí)
• 專題報導 / 专题报导
• 工專 / 工专 (gōngzhuān)
• 心神專注 / 心神专注
• 恃才自專 / 恃才自专
• 擅專 / 擅专
• 數據專線 / 数据专线
• 水利專家 / 水利专家
• 治平專案 / 治平专案
• 獨斷專行 / 独断专行 (dúduànzhuānxíng)
• 璞玉專案 / 璞玉专案
• 硬專家 / 硬专家
• 自專 / 自专
• 軟專家 / 软专家
• 開明專制 / 开明专制
• 限時專送 / 限时专送

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (專):

• → Vietnamese: chuyên (專)

References

• “專”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• “專”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01062
• 李如龙 [Lǐ Rúlóng]; 刘福铸 [Liú Fúzhù]; 吴华英 [Wú Huáyīng]; 黄国城 [Huáng Guóchéng] (2019), “专”, in 《莆仙方言调查报告》 [Investigation Report on the Puxian Topolect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), 厦门大学出版社 [Xiamen University Press], →ISBN, page 226.

Japanese

Shinjitai	専
Kyūjitai	專

Kanji

專

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 専)

1. monopolize, specialize (もっぱら)
2. to do as one pleases (ほしいまま)

Readings

• On (unclassified): せん (sen)
• Kun: もっぱら (moppara, 專ら)、ほしいまま (hoshīmama)^{←ほしきまま (fosikimama, historical)}

Korean

Hanja

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 젼 (Yale: cyen) in Gugeupgan'ibang (救急簡易方 / 구급간이방), 1489.

專 (eum 전 (jeon))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

專: Hán Việt readings: chuyên
專: Nôm readings: choen, choèn, chuyến

1. chữ Hán form of chuyên (“specific; expertise”)