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圓

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 圆, 円, 圎, and 圜
圓 U+5713, 圓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5713
← 園
[U+5712] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 圔 →
[U+5714]

Translingual

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Traditional 圓
Shinjitai 円
Simplified 圆

Han character

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圓 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+10, 13 strokes, Cangjie input 田口月金 (WRBC), four-corner 60806, composition ⿴囗員)

  1. circle

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 220, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4819
  • Dae Jaweon: page 451, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 724, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5713

Chinese

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trad. 圓
simp. 圆
2nd round simp. 元
alternative forms 圎
园
円 especially “yen”
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 圓
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (員) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
員 *ɢon, *ɢun
圓 *ɢon
塤 *qʰon
損 *sqʰuːnʔ
縜 *ɢun
隕 *ɢunʔ
殞 *ɢunʔ
溳 *ɢunʔ, *ɢun
磒 *ɢunʔ
霣 *ɢunʔ
愪 *ɢunʔ, *ɢun
勛 *qʰun
鄖 *ɢun
篔 *ɢun
貟 *ɢun, *ɢuns
韻 *ɢʷɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɢon): semantic 囗 + phonetic 員 (OC *ɢon, *ɢun). The interior 口 is 〇, which is the original ideogram for the word "circle"; 鼎 and 囗 were added later.

Etymology

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Borrowed from Tocharian B wänt-, Tocharian A wänt- (“to envelop, to surround”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Note: jen1 - “yen” (Hong Kong colloquial borrowing from English yen).
Note:
  • Changting:
    • ving2 - vernacular;
    • ying2 = literary.
Note:
  • ièng - vernacular (“circle; round”);
  • uòng - literary (“complete; currency”).
Note:
  • ing2 - vernacular;
  • oeng2/yoeng2 - literary.
Note:
  • îⁿ - vernacular (“circle; circular; satisfactory; classifier for money; classifier for value of currency or denomination; glutinous rice ball”);
  • oân - literary.
Note:
  • i5 - vernacular;
  • yieng5 - literary.
Rime
Character 圓 圓
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 邪 (17) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 仙 (78) 仙 (80)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 似宣切 王權切
Baxter zjwen hjwen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ziuᴇn/ /ɦˠiuᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/zʷiɛn/ /ɦʷᵚiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/zjuæn/ /ɣiuæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/zwian/ /ɦwian/
Li
Rong 		/ziuɛn/ /ɣjuɛn/
Wang
Li 		/zĭwɛn/ /ɣĭwɛn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/zi̯wɛn/ /i̯wɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xuán yuán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cyun4 jyun4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 圓
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yuán
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hjwen ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢʷ<r>en/
English round

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 圓
Reading # 1/1
No. 16200
Phonetic
component 		員
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		貟
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢon/
Notes 同圜

Definitions

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圓

  1. (mathematics) circle; sphere
    圓的面積／圆的面积  ―  yuán de miànjī  ―  area of a circle
  2. circular; round; spherical
    圓月／圆月  ―  yuányuè  ―  round moon
  3. satisfactory; thorough; tactful; comprehensive
    他說的話說得不太圓。 [MSC, trad.]
    他说的话说得不太圆。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā shuō de huà shuō dé bù tài yuán. [Pinyin]
    The words he said was not so tactful.
    伊將代誌做甲真圓。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    伊将代志做甲真圆。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    I chiong tāi-chì chòe kah chin îⁿ. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    He did things very satisfactorily.
  4. to perfect; to complete
    圓夢／圆梦  ―  yuánmèng  ―  to fulfill one's dream
  5. melodious; sweet and agreeable; smooth (of one's voice)
    字正腔圓／字正腔圆  ―  zìzhèngqiāngyuán  ―  pronouncing every word clearly and correctly
  6. alternative form of 元 (yuán, “coin of fixed value and weight”)
    銀圓／银圆  ―  yínyuán  ―  silver dollar
  7. alternative form of 元 (yuán, “Classifier for yuan or dollars.”)
    一圓人民幣／一圆人民币  ―  yī yuán rénmínbì  ―  one Chinese yuan
  8. alternative form of 元 (yuán, “a surname”)
  9. (Hokkien) Classifier for money.
  10. (Hokkien) Classifier for value of currency or denomination. (used with 大 and 細／细)
  11. (dialectal Cantonese, Teochew, Singapore Hokkien) glutinous rice ball

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 圓 (“round; circular”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 圓, 團, 圜
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 圓
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 圓
Taiwan 圓
Singapore 圓
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 圓
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 圓
Xi'an 圓
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 圓
Wuhan 圓, 團
Liuzhou 圞
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 圓, 團
Hefei 圓, 團
Cantonese Guangzhou 圓
Hong Kong 圓
Yangjiang 圓
Gan Nanchang 圓
Lichuan 圓
Pingxiang 圞
Hakka Meixian 圓
Yudu 圓
Huizhou Jixi 圓
Jin Taiyuan 圓
Northern Min Jian'ou 滾圇
Eastern Min Fuzhou 圓
Southern Min Xiamen 圓
Kaohsiung 圓
Yilan 圓
Changhua (Lukang) 圓
Taichung 圓
Taichung (Wuqi) 圓
Tainan 圓
Taitung 圓
Hsinchu 圓
Penghu (Magong) 圓
Manila (Hokkien) 圓
Chaozhou 圓
Leizhou 圓
Haikou 圓
Wu Shanghai 圓
Suzhou 圓
Hangzhou 團
Ningbo 圓
Wenzhou 圓, 圞
Xiang Changsha 圞
Shuangfeng 圞
Dialectal synonyms of 湯圓 (“glutinous rice ball”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 湯圓
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 湯圓兒, 元宵
Taiwan 湯圓, 元宵
Harbin 湯圓兒, 元宵
Singapore 湯圓
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 元宵
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 元宵
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 湯圓兒, 元宵
Wanrong 元宵
Xi'an 湯圓兒, 元宵
Xining 元宵
Xuzhou 湯丸兒, 湯圓兒, 湯圓子
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 元宵
Ürümqi 湯圓兒
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 湯圓兒
Wuhan 湯圓, 元宵
Guiyang 湯圓, 元宵
Guilin 湯圓
Guilin (Lingui) 湯圓
Liuzhou 湯圓, 水圓
Liuzhou (Luorong) 湯圓
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 湯圓, 湯糰, 元宵
Yangzhou 圓子, 湯圓子
Cantonese Guangzhou 湯圓
Hong Kong 湯圓
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 湯圓
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 湯圓, 糖水圓
Macau 湯圓
Guangzhou (Panyu) 年宵
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 糖圓仔
Guangzhou (Conghua) 湯圓
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 湯圓
Foshan 湯圓
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 圓湯
Foshan (Shunde) 水攬
Foshan (Sanshui) 糖圓
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 元宵
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 水攬
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 湯圓
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 水攬
Zhuhai (Doumen) 糖包圓
Jiangmen (Baisha) 圓糍
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 圓糍
Taishan 湯圓
Kaiping (Chikan) 圓
Enping (Niujiang) 圓仔
Heshan (Yayao) 元宵
Dongguan 水糰, 湯圓, 水包
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 扁米
Shaoguan 年宵
Xinyi 湯圓
Lianjiang 湯圓
Nanning 水圓
Guiping 水圓
Mengshan (Xihe) 水圓
Beiliu (Tangliao) 水圓
Baise 水圓
Bobai 湯圓
Pubei 圓餈
Qinzhou 水圓
Beihai 水圓, 湯圓
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 水圓
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 水圓
Ningming 水圓
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 湯圓
Singapore (Guangfu) 湯圓
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 湯圓
Móng Cái 湯圓
Gan Nanchang 湯圓, 湯圓子, 元宵
Lichuan 湯圓
Pingxiang 湯圓子, 元宵, 元宵坨牯
Hakka Meixian 圓粄仔, 圓仔, 湯圓
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 糖圓
Dongguan (Qingxi) 雪圓粄
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 惜圓粄
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 圓湯粄
Luhe 粄圓
Yudu 元宵
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 雪圓仔
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) 雪圓仔
Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) 雪圓
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 圓粄仔
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 粄圓
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 圓粄仔
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 粄圓
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 粄圓
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 惜圓
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 惜圓, 粄圓
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 惜圓
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 惜圓
Hong Kong 雪圓粄, 糖圓
Beiliu (Tang'an) 湯圓
Mashan (Pianlian) 水圓
Huizhou Jixi 元宵
Jin Taiyuan 元宵
Xinzhou 湯圓, 元宵
Northern Min Jian'ou 㷍湯糍
Eastern Min Fuzhou 湯丸, 元宵
Southern Min Xiamen 圓仔, 米圓
Quanzhou 圓仔, 米圓
Zhangzhou 圓仔
Taipei 圓仔
Kaohsiung 圓仔
Penang (Hokkien) 圓
Singapore (Hokkien) 圓仔, 圓, 圓湯
Manila (Hokkien) 狀元圓, 上元圓
Pingnan (Shangdu) 元宵
Chaozhou 鴨母捻
Shantou 圓, 鴨母捻
Jieyang 圓, 鴨母捻
Singapore (Teochew) 圓, 鴨母捻
Leizhou 湯丸
Haikou 元宵
Puxian Min Putian 丸囝
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 丸囝
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 丸囝
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 丸囝
Xianyou 粿囝
Xianyou (Fengting) 圓囝
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 渾湯
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 水圓
Binyang (Xinqiao) 水圓
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Chaoyang) 湯圓
Guilin (Zhuyuan) 元宵
Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) 水圓
Lingchuan (Tanxia) 湯圓
Wu Shanghai 湯糰, 圓子
Shanghai (Chongming) 圓子
Suzhou 湯糰, 元宵
Danyang 湯圓, 湯糰
Hangzhou 湯糰, 元宵
Wenzhou 湯圓, 圓兒
Jinhua 湯糰
Xiang Changsha 湯圓, 湯圓子, 元宵
Loudi 元宵糰子
Quanzhou 元宵
Guanyang (Wenshi) 元宵

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (圓):
  • → Japanese: 円(えん) (en)
  • → Korean: 원(圓) (won)

Others:

References

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  • “圓”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “圆”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 227.
  • 周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “圆”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, pages 697, 769.
  1. ^ Alexander Lubotsky (1998), “Tocharian Loan Words in Old Chinese: Chariots, Chariot Gear, and Town Building”, in The Bronze Age and Early Iron Age peoples of Eastern Central Asia, pages 379-390

Japanese

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Shinjitai 円
Kyūjitai 圓

Kanji

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圓

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 円)

  1. round; circle
  2. yen

Readings

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Definitions

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For pronunciation and definitions of 圓 – see the following entry.
【円】1
[kanji] first grade kanji
[kanji] circle
[kanji] yen
(This term, 圓, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

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Hanja

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Historical readings

圓 (eumhun 둥글 원 (dunggeul won))

  1. hanja form? of 원 (“circle”)
  2. hanja form? of 원 (“won”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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圓: Hán Nôm readings: viên, vin

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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