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勇

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
勇 U+52C7, 勇
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52C7
← 勆
[U+52C6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 勈 →
[U+52C8]

勇 U+FA76, 勇
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA76
← 冀
[U+FA75] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 勺 →
[U+FA77]

勇 U+2F825, 勇
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F825
← 㔕
[U+2F824] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 勉 →
[U+2F826]

Translingual

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Japanese 勇
Simplified 勇
Traditional 勇

Alternative forms

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Note that in Japanese and Korean, the character is written 龴+田+力, as found in the Kangxi dictionary. In traditional Chinese (Hong Kong and Taiwan) and Vietnamese script, the character is written 龴+用+力. In modern simplified Chinese, the character is written similar to the traditional Chinese form but the lower right hook of 用 is missing.

Han character

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勇 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+7, 9 strokes, Cangjie input 弓月大尸 (NBKS), four-corner 17427, composition ⿱甬力(GHTV) or ⿱龴男(JK))

Derived characters

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Additional Derived Characters

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 147, character 35
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2360
  • Dae Jaweon: page 332, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 372, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+52C7

Chinese

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trad. 勇
simp. # 勇
alternative forms 勈
恿
㦷
𢦨

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 勇
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (用) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
通 *l̥ʰoːŋ
俑 *l̥ʰoːŋ, *loŋʔ
蓪 *l̥ʰoːŋ
桶 *l̥ʰoːŋʔ, *l'oːŋʔ
捅 *l̥ʰoːŋʔ
痛 *l̥ʰoːŋs
筩 *l'oːŋ
誦 *ljoŋs
傭 *l̥ʰoŋ, *loŋ
慵 *ɦljoŋ
鱅 *ɦljoŋ, *loŋ
滽 *loŋ
墉 *loŋ
鏞 *loŋ
鄘 *loŋ
槦 *loŋ
銿 *loŋ
甬 *loŋʔ
勇 *loŋʔ
涌 *loŋʔ
踊 *loŋʔ
蛹 *loŋʔ
恿 *loŋʔ
慂 *loŋʔ
悀 *loŋʔ
埇 *loŋʔ
踴 *loŋʔ
庸 *loŋ
用 *loŋs
佣 *loŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *loŋʔ): phonetic 甬 (OC *loŋʔ) + semantic 力 (“strong”) – brave and strong.

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 勇
Mandarin Beijing /yŋ²¹⁴/
Harbin /yŋ²¹³/
Tianjin /ʐuŋ¹³/
/yŋ¹³/
Jinan /yŋ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /iŋ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /yuŋ⁵³/
Xi'an /yŋ⁵³/
Xining /yə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /yŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ỹn⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /yŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /ioŋ⁴²/
Chengdu /yoŋ⁵³/
Guiyang /ioŋ⁴²/
Kunming /ioŋ⁵³/
Nanjing /ioŋ²¹²/
Hefei /iŋ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /yəŋ⁵³/
Pingyao /yŋ⁵³/
Hohhot /ỹŋ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ioŋ³⁵/
Suzhou /ioŋ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /ʔioŋ⁵³/
Wenzhou /j̠yɔ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /yʌ̃³⁵/
Tunxi /in³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ioŋ⁴¹/
Xiangtan /in⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /iuŋ²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /iuŋ³¹/
Taoyuan /ʒuŋ³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /joŋ²³/
Nanning /juŋ²⁴/
Hong Kong /juŋ¹³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /iɔŋ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /yŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /œyŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /ioŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /zoŋ²¹³/
Rime
Character 勇
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 余隴切
Baxter yowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jɨoŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jioŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ioŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/juawŋX/
Li
Rong 		/ioŋX/
Wang
Li 		/jĭwoŋX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/i̯woŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yǒng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jung5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 勇
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yǒng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yowngX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*loŋʔ/
English brave

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 勇
Reading # 1/1
No. 15449
Phonetic
component 		用
Rime
group 		東
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		勇
Old
Chinese 		/*loŋʔ/

Definitions

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勇

  1. brave; courageous; valiant
    勇敢  ―  yǒnggǎn  ―  brave
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) courage; bravery; valor
  3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) soldier
  4. (Hokkien) strong
  5. (Hokkien) healthy
  6. (Hokkien) sturdy; durable
  7. a surname

Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (勇):
  • → Japanese: 勇(ゆう) (yū)
  • → Korean: 용(勇) (yong)
  • → Vietnamese: dũng (勇)

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai 勇
Kyūjitai
[1]
勇󠄁
勇+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
勇󠄃
勇+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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勇

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. courage

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
勇
ゆう
Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 勇 (MC yowngX).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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勇(ゆう) • (yū) ←ゆう (yuu)?

  1. bravery

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
勇
いさむ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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勇(いさむ) • (Isamu) 

  1. a male given name

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
勇
いさ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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勇(いさ) • (Isa) 

  1. a female given name

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
勇
いさみ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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勇(いさみ) • (Isami) 

  1. a male given name

Etymology 5

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Kanji in this term
勇
いさお
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 勇 – see the following entry.
【いさお】
[proper noun] 功, 勲, 勇, 勲男, 勇雄: a male given name
Alternative spellings
功, 勲, 勲男, 勇雄
(This term, 勇, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

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  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914), 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 324 (paper), page 212 (digital)
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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勇 (eumhun 날랠 용 (nallael yong))

  1. hanja form? of 용 (“bravery; courage”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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勇: Hán Nôm readings: dũng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

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