View source for s

{{also|Appendix:Variations of "s"}}
{{character info}}
{{character info/var|ˢ|𝆍|ｓ}}
{{minitoc}}
==Translingual==
{{wp}}

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|mul|ſ||archaic}}

===Letter===
{{letter|mul}}

# {{Latn-def|mul|letter|19}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{audio|mul|Voiceless alveolar sibilant.ogg|Pronunciation of IPA {{IPAfont|[sːɑː, ɑssɑː]}} with the sound {{IPAfont|[s]}}}}

===Symbol===
{{wp|[[Voiceless alveolar sibilant|Voiceless alveolar fricative]]}}
{{mul-symbol}}

# {{senseid|mul|Q11574}} [[second#English:_Q11574|Second]], the [[SI]] base [[unit]] for [[measurement]] of [[time]].
#: {{alti|mul|sec<id:Q11574><qq:non-SI variant>}}
#* {{quote-web|en|termlang=mul|title=The International System of Units (SI)|url=https://www.bipm.org/documents/20126/41483022/SI-Brochure-9-EN.pdf|date=2025-08|page=147|work=w:Bureau International des Poids et Mesures|passage=It is not permissible to use abbreviations for unit symbols or unit names, such as sec (for either '''s''' or second), sq. mm (for either mm<sup>2</sup> or square millimetre), cc (for either cm<sup>3</sup> or cubic centimetre), or mps (for either m/s or metre per second).|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250917090250/https://www.bipm.org/documents/20126/41483022/SI-Brochure-9-EN.pdf}}
# {{lb|mul|IPA}} A [[voiceless]] [[alveolar]] [[fricative]].
#: {{lb|mul|superscript {{angbr IPA|ˢ}}}} {{IPAfont|[s]}}-fricated [[release]], {{IPAfont|[s]}}-coloring, or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic {{IPAfont|[s]}} &ndash; see [[ˢ|{{angbr IPA|ˢ}}]].
# {{lb|mul|math|statistics}} {{U|sample}} [[standard deviation]].
#: {{cot|mul|σ}}

===Gallery===
<gallery class="skin-invert-image" perrow="3" mode="packed" caption="Letter styles">
Image:Latin S.png|Uppercase and lowercase versions of '''S''', in normal and italic type
Image:Fraktur letter s.svg|Uppercase (''left'') and lowercase (''right'') '''S''' in [[Fraktur]]. The middle character is {{angbr|[[ſ]]}}, an archaic form of writing lower-case ''s'' in some positions.
</gallery>

===See also===
{{Latn-script}}
* {{l|mul|ß}}
* {{l|mul|Ʃ}} ([[esh]])
* {{l|mul|Ѕ}} ([[dze]])
* {{l|mul|$}}
{{Letter
|page=S
|NATO=Sierra
|Morse=···
|Braille=⠎
}}

[[Category:IPA symbols|S]]
[[Category:Symbols for SI units]]

==English==

===Etymology 1===

====Pronunciation====
* {{qual|name of letter}} {{IPA|en|/ɛs/}}
** {{audio|en|en-us-s.ogg|a=US}}
** {{rhymes|en|ɛs|s=1}}
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|en|/s/|/ʃ/|/z/|/ʒ/}}

====Letter====
{{letter|en}}

# {{Latn-def|en|letter|19|ess}}
#: {{hypo|en|short s|round s|terminal s|;|long s|descending s|medial s|;|closed round s|;|insular s|;|trailing s|;|sharp s|double S}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{col|en
|closed round s
|impure s|s-aorist|s-band|s-bomb|s-cis|s-f|s-mobile|s-perfect|s-process|s-trans|s-word
|insular s
|descending s|s-t cut
|long s|tall s|s-selection
|medial s|s watch
|round s||s-block
|sharp s|s-commerce|s-risk
|short s
|trailing s|terminal s
}}

====Number====
{{numeral symbol|en}}

# {{Latn-def|en|ordinal|19|ess}}

===Etymology 2===
Abbreviations.

====Noun====
{{head|en|noun}}

# {{lb|en|metrology}} {{abbreviation of|en|[[scruple]]|addl=a unit of mass in the apothecaries' system}}.
# {{lb|en|physics}} {{abbreviation of|en|strange quark}}.
# {{alternative form of|en|s.}}.

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|en|s-hole}}

===See also===
{{list:Latin script letters/en}}
* {{l|en|s-}}
* {{l|en|-s}}
* {{l|en|-'s}}

{{C|en|Compass points}}

==Afar==

===Letter===
{{letter|aa}}

# {{Latn-def|aa|letter|4}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/aa}}

==Alemannic German==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|gsw|ds||Bern}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|gsw|gmh|daz}}, from {{inh|gsw|goh|daz}}, from {{inh|gsw|gem-pro|*þat}}, from {{inh|gsw|ine-pro|*tód}}, nominative and accusative singular neuter of {{m|ine-pro|*só}}. Cognate with {{cog|de|das}}, {{cog|nl|dat}}, {{cog|en|that}}, {{cog|is|það}}.

===Article===
{{head|gsw|article|g=n|cat2=determiners}}

# {{lb|gsw|definite}} [[the]]
#* '''1978''', Rolf Lyssy and Christa Maerker, ''Die Schweizermacher'' (transcript):
#*: {{quote|gsw|Wüssed Si, Herr Bodmer, das isches, was ich so bewundere an de Schwitzer: Ire Humor. I jedere Situazion '''s'''’richtige Wort.
|translation=You know, Mr Bodmer, that's what I admire about the Swiss – their humour. '''The''' right word for every situation.}}
#* {{quote-text|gsw|year=2010|author=w:Pedro Lenz|title=Der Goalie bin ig
|passage=D Wohnig isch d Wohnig und '''ds''' Business isch '''ds''' Business.
|translation=Accommodation is accommodation, and business is business.}}

====Declension====
{{gsw-decl-definite article}}

==Azerbaijani==

===Pronunciation===
* {{qualifier|phoneme}} {{IPA|az|[s]}} 
* {{qualifier|letter name}} {{IPA|az|[es]|[seː]|[sɯː]}}

===Letter===
{{letter|az}}

# {{Latn-def|az|letter|25}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/az}}

==Basque==

===Pronunciation===
{{eu-IPA|ese}}

===Letter===
{{letter|eu}}

# {{Latn-def|eu|letter|20|ese}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/eu}}

==Catalan==

===Pronunciation===
* {{ca-IPA|éssa|val=ésse,és}}

===Letter===
{{letter|ca}}

# {{Latn-def|ca|letter|19|essa|esse|es}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ca}}

==Central Mazahua==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|maz|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|maz}}

# {{Latn-def|maz|letter}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/maz}}

==Czech==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|cs|se||used before '''s''', '''z''', and certain consonant clusters}}

===Etymology===
{{ety|cs|:inh|zlw-ocs:[[s]], [[se]]<ety:inh<sla-pro:*sъ(n)>>|text=2|tree=1}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|cs|/s/}}
* {{audio|cs|Cs-s.ogg}}
* {{audio|cs|LL-Q9056 (ces)-Anavaline-s.wav}}

===Preposition===
{{head|cs|preposition}}

# [[with]] {{+obj|cs|ins|catpos=prep}}
#: {{ant|cs|bez|beze}}
#: {{coi|cs|setkat se '''s''' někým|to meet someone}}
#: {{coi|cs|chléb '''s''' máslem|bread and butter}}
#: {{coi|cs|'''s''' pozdravem|best regards}}
# {{lb|cs|dated|literary}} [[down]] [[from]], [[off]] {{+obj|cs|gen|catpos=prep}}
#: {{syn|cs|z}}
#: {{coi|cs|dolů '''s''' (also ''z'') kopce|down the hill}}
#: {{ux|cs|Talíř je ve skříni. Vezmi jej ze skříně. Talíř je na skříni. Spadne '''se''' (also ''ze'') skříně.|}}
# {{lb|cs|obsolete}} [[enough]] for, [[stronger]] than, [[above]] {{+obj|cs|acc|catpos=prep}}
## today only found in these phrases:
##: {{coi|cs|být [[s to]]|to be capable}}
##: {{coi|cs|[[seč]]|as much as}}
##: {{coi|cs|[[kdo s koho]]|who is stronger than whom}}

====Usage notes====
* The more usual form is '''s''', while '''se''' is used before words starting with '''s''', '''z''' and certain [[consonant]] [[cluster]]s.
* According to the older rule, the genitive preposition '''s''' (off) should be used where '''na''' (on) is used for the position, whereas '''z''' (from) where '''v''' (in) is used. Today, it is normally replaced by {{m|cs|z}}.

===Further reading===
* {{R:cs:PSJC}}
* {{R:cs:SSJC}}

{{cln|cs|words spelled without vowels}}

==Dakota==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|dak|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|dak}}

# {{Latn-def|dak|letter}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letters/dak}}

==Dutch==

===Pronunciation===
* {{audio|nl|Nl-s.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|nl|ɛs|s=1}}
* {{sense|letter name}} {{IPA|nl|/ɛs/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|nl}}

# {{Latn-def|nl|letter|19}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/nl}}

==Egyptian==

===Pronunciation===
{{egy-pr}}

===Noun===
{{egy-noun|m|head=s}}

# The object depicted in the hieroglyph {{egy-h|s}}. {{def-uncertain|egy}}
## A cloth

====Inflection====
{{egy-decl-noun|g=m|s}}

===Noun===
{{egy-noun|m|head=s-Z1}}

# A vessel or container (made of gold) {{defdate|18th dynasty}}

====Inflection====
{{egy-decl-noun|g=m|s}}

===Noun===
{{egy-noun|m|head=s-G38}}

# A type of waterfowl, perhaps the [[Eurasian teal]] ({{taxfmt|Anas crecca|species}}),<ref>{{R:egy:Cleveland|140–141}}</ref> especially as an offering for the dead {{defdate|Old Kingdom}}
# {{alt form|egy|sr||type of goose}}

====Inflection====
{{egy-decl-noun|g=m|s}}

====Alternative forms====
{{egy-hieroforms
|s-G54|read1=s
|s|read2=s}}

===Noun===
{{egy-noun|m|head=s}}

# {{abbr of|egy|snb|t=health|addl=in the formula {{m|egy|ꜥnḫ wḏꜣ snb||life, prosperity, health}}}}

===Pronoun===
{{egy-pron|dep|f-s|3p|head=s}}

# {{alt form|egy|sj||she, her}}

===Pronoun===
{{egy-pron|dep|m-s|3p|head=s}}

# {{alt form|egy|sw||he, him}} {{defdate|Middle and New Kingdom}}

====Alternative forms====
{{egy-hieroforms
|s|date1=Middle Kingdom
|z|date2=New Kingdom}}

===Romanization===
{{head|egy|romanization}}

# {{egy-alt tr|z}}

===References===
* {{R:egy:Allen|51}}
* {{R:egy:Wb}}
{{reflist}}

{{C|egy|People}}

==Esperanto==

===Pronunciation===
{{q|phoneme}} {{eo-pr|#,z<q:before a voiced [[obstruent]]>}}
{{q|letter}} {{eo-pr|'so|r=-|s=-|a=LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-so.wav}}

===Letter===
{{letter|eo}}

# {{Latn-def|eo|letter|22|so}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/eo}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:eo:PIV 2020}}
* {{R:eo:ReVo|so}}

==Estonian==
{{wp|et:}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{et-IPA/old|ess}}

===Letter===
{{letter|et}}

# {{Latn-def|et|letter|19|ess}}

===Noun===
{{head|et|abbreviation}}

# {{abbreviation of|et|sent}}; [[cent]]

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/et}}

==Faroese==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|fo|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|fo}}

# {{Latn-def|fo|letter|21}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/fo}}

==Finnish==

===Etymology===
{{fi-ety-letter}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{s|sound}} {{IPA|fi|/s/}}
{{fi-p|äs|es|q1=letter name|q2=letter name, dated|audio=Fi-s.ogg|ac=Audio: {{m|fi|äs}}, {{m|fi|sissi}}, {{m|fi|sauna}}, {{m|fi|äs}}}}

===Letter===
{{letter|fi}}

# {{Latn-def|fi|letter|19|äs|es}}

====Derived terms====
{{col|fi|title=compounds
|hattu-s
|s-piikkiäes
|suhu-s
}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/fi}}

===Noun===
{{fi-noun}}

# {{lb|fi|housing}} {{abbreviation of|fi|sauna||sauna}}

==French==

===Pronunciation===
* {{q|letter name}} {{fr-IPA|esse}}

===Letter===
{{letter|fr}}

# {{Latn-def|fr|letter|19}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/fr}}

==Fula==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ff|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|ff}}

# {{Latn-def|ff|letter}}

====Usage notes====
* {{U:ff:common}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ff}}

==German==

===Letter===
{{letter|de}}

# {{Latn-def|de|letter|19}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/de}}

===Noun===
{{de-noun|n,-,-}}

# {{alt case|de|S}}

====Declension====
{{de-ndecl|n,-,-}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:de:DWDS}}

==Ghomara==

===Etymology===
{{ety|gho|:inh|ber-pro:-|text=+|tree=1}}

===Preposition===
{{gho-head|preposition}}

# {{lb|gho|instrumental}} [[with]], [[by means of]], [[using]]
#: {{uxa|gho|Iddez ibawen '''s''' usɣar.|He crushed the beans '''with''' a stick.}}
# {{lb|gho|causal}} [[from]], [[because of]]
#: {{uxa|gho|Isɣaren-ihin tazzgen '''s''' lehwa.|Those sticks become wet '''from''' the rain.}}

====Usage notes====
Nouns following this preposition are placed in the {{lg|annexed state}}.

==Gothic==

===Romanization===
{{got-rom}}

# {{romanization of|got|𐍃}}

==Hungarian==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|hu|ſ||obsolete}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{hu-IPA}}
* {{audio|hu|Hu-s.ogg|pos=conjunction}}
* {{sense|conjunction}} {{hu-IPA}}
* {{sense|letter name}} {{hu-IPA|ess}}

===Conjunction===
{{head|hu|conjunction}}

# {{form of|hu|short|és|t=and}}
#* {{quote-book|hu|year=2007|author={{w|Ármin Vámbéry}}|title=A Nyugat kultúrája Keleten|chapter=IV|url=https://vambery.sk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/vambery_nyugat_kulturaja_keleten_PRINT.pdf|publisher=Lilium Aurum|isbn=9788080623470|page=297|text=Az Iszlámot tehát nem lehetett oly könnyen felforgatni, mint a kereszténységet, mely a tudomány első támadására mindjárt alapjaiban rázkódott meg, '''s''' melyet ma már csak mesterségesen tud összetartani az Egyház és azok a kor mányok, melyeknek társadalmi vagy magánérdeke, hogy virágozzék.|t=Islam, therefore, could not be overturned as easily as Christianity, which was shaken to its very foundations at the first attack of science, '''and''' which today is only held together artificially by the Church and those governments whose social or private interests require it to flourish.}}

====Derived terms====
{{col4|hu|title=Compound words
|egyszersmind
|nos
}}
{{col3|hu|title=Expressions
|egyszer s mindenkorra
|fel s alá
|s a többi
|stb.
|satöbbi
|segíts magadon, s az Isten is megsegít
}}

===Letter===
{{letter|hu}}

# {{Latn-def|hu|letter|30|ess}}

====Declension====
{{hu-infl-nom|s-e|e|v=s}}{{hu-pos-etek|s-||ei}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/hu}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:ErtSz|1|sound, letter, and abbreviation}}
* {{R:ErtSz|2|and}}

{{cln|hu|1-letter words}}

==Icelandic==

===Pronunciation===
* {{is-IPA|ess<qq:letter name>}}

===Letter===
{{letter|is}}

# {{Latn-def|is|letter|22}}

===See also===
{{list:Latin script letters/is}}

==Ido==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|io|/s/|a=context pronunciation}}
* {{IPA|io|/se/|a=letter name}}

===Letter===
{{letter|io}}

# {{Latn-def|io|letter|19}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/io}}

==Irish==

===Letter===
{{letter|ga}}

# {{Latn-def|ga|letter|16}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ga}}

==Italian==

===Letter===
{{letter|it}}

# {{Latn-def|it|letter|17|esse}}

==Japanese==

===Etymology===
Short of {{ja-r|さん}}.

===Suffix===
{{ja-pos|suffix|さん}}

# {{lb|ja|internet slang}} {{alternative spelling of|ja|さん|tr=san}}

====Related terms====
* {{ja-r|c|ちゃん}}, {{ja-r|linkto=©|rom=-|{{ruby|[©️](ちゃん)}}}}

{{cln|ja|terms written in foreign scripts}}

==Kankanaey==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|kne|tl|s}}. Letter pronunciation is influenced by {{der|kne|en|s}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{kne-pr|es<a:letter name>|s<a:phoneme>}}

===Letter===
{{kne-head|letter}}

# {{Latn-def|kne|letter|21|es}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/kne}}

===References===
* {{R:kne:Ortograpiya 2016|page=10-11}}

==Kashubian==

===Etymology===
{{csb-ety-letter}}

===Letter===
{{letter|csb}}

# {{Latn-def|csb|letter|26|}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/csb}}

==Khiamniungan Naga==

===Etymology===
{{Template:kix-ety-letter}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|kix|/sə³³/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|kix}}

# {{lb|kix|Patsho}} {{Latn-def|kix|letter|17|}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/kix}}

====Pronunciation guide====
{{Template:list:Khiamniungan pronunciation/kix}}

==Latin==

===Letter===
{{letter|la}}

# {{Latn-def|la|letter|addl=representing the sound /s/}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/la}}

==Latvian==
{{wp|lv:}}

===Etymology===
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by [[w:Kārlis Mīlenbahs|K. Mīlenbahs]], which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German [[Fraktur]], and sporadically in [[Cyrillic]].

===Pronunciation===
* {{lv-IPA|s}}
{{rfap|lv}}

===Letter===
[[File:Latin alphabet Ss.svg|class=skin-invert-image|thumb|200px|S]]
{{letter|lv}}

# {{Latn-def|lv|letter|26|es}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/lv}}

==Livonian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{qualifier|phoneme}} {{liv-IPA|s}}

===Letter===
{{letter|liv}}

# {{Latn-def|liv|letter|31}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/liv}}

==Luxembourgish==

===Letter===
{{letter|lb}}

# {{Latn-def|lb|letter|19}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letters/lb}}

==Malay==

===Letter===
{{letter|ms}}

# {{Latn-def|ms|letter|19}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ms}}

==Maltese==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|mt|/s/}}
* {{IPA|mt|/z/}} {{q|by assimilation to a following voiced obstruent}}

===Letter===
{{letter|mt}}

# {{Latn-def|mt|letter|23}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/mt}}

==Mòcheno==

===Etymology 1===
From {{inh|mhn|gmh|ëz}}, {{m|gmh|iz}}, from {{inh|mhn|goh|iz}}, from {{inh|mhn|gmw-pro|*it}}, from {{inh|mhn|gem-pro|*it}}, nominative/accusative singular neuter of {{m|gem-pro|*iz}}. Cognate with {{cog|de|es}}.

====Pronoun====
{{head|mhn|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# [[it]]

=====Inflection=====
{{mhn-personal pronouns}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{inh|mhn|gmh|daz}}, from {{inh|mhn|goh|daz}}, from {{der|mhn|gem-pro|*þat}}. Cognate with {{cog|de|das}}, {{cog|en|that}}.

====Article====
{{head|mhn|article|masculine|der|feminine|de|plural|de}}

# [[the]], {{ng|nominative singular neuter definite article}}

====References====
* {{R:CLM}}

==Navajo==

===Letter===
{{letter|nv}}

# {{Latn-def|nv|letter}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/nv}}

==North Frisian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|frr|[s]|[z]}}

===Letter===
{{letter|frr}}

# {{Latn-def|frr|letter}}

====Usage notes====
* Word or stem-initial ⟨{{l|frr||s}}⟩ is always voiceless. Otherwise the voice distinction is [[allophony|allophonic]] in Sylt Frisian: {{IPAchar|[z]}} occurs intervocalically after a (stressed) long vowel, else {{IPAchar|[s]}}. In the other dialects the distinction is [[phoneme|phonemic]]. The general tendency, here too, is that {{IPAchar|[s]}} follows short vowels and {{IPAchar|[z]}} follows long ones, but there are many exceptions to this rule of thumb.
* Palatal ⟨{{l|frr||sj}}⟩ is usually pronounced {{IPAchar|[ʃ]}} at the start of a word or stressed syllable. However, in Mooring and predominantly also in Föhr-Amrum Frisian, the spelling ⟨{{l|frr||sch}}⟩ is used for these cases instead of ⟨{{l|frr||sj}}⟩. Compare e.g. Sylt {{m|frr|se|sjocht}} vs. Mooring {{m|frr|siinj|schucht}}.

===See also===
* {{sense|North Frisian letters}} {{l|frr|[[a]], [[ä]], [[å]], [[ā]], [[b]], [[c]], [[d]], [[đ]], [[e]], [[ē]], [[f]], [[g]], [[h]], [[i]], [[j]], [[k]], [[l]], [[m]], [[n]], [[o]], [[ö]], [[p]], [[r]], [[s]], [[t]], [[u]], [[ü]], [[v]], [[w]] ([[q]], [[x]], [[y]], [[z]])}}

==Norwegian Bokmål==
{{wikipedia|lang=no|S}}

===Etymology===
The lowercase form of {{m|nb|S}}. Its modern rounded shape developed from cursive and minuscule forms of Latin {{m|la|S}}. In medieval and early modern writing, round ⟨s⟩ coexisted with long ⟨ſ⟩; long ⟨ſ⟩ was generally used initially and medially, while round ⟨s⟩ was normally used word-finally. The round form eventually became standard in all positions as long ⟨ſ⟩ fell out of general use around the beginning of the 19th century.

The Latin letter was adopted through Etruscan {{m|ett|𐌔|tr=s}} from a western form of {{der|nb|grc|Σ|tr=S|t=sigma}}, ultimately from {{der|nb|phn|𐤔|tr=š|t=šīn; tooth}}. The Norwegian letter name ''ess'' ultimately continues Latin {{m|la|es|t=the name of the letter S}}.

The unit symbol {{m|nb|s}} is taken from the initial letter of {{m|nb|sekund|t=second}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{q|letter name}} {{IPA|nb|/ɛsː/|/esː/}}
* {{q|consonant sound}} {{IPA|nb|/s/}}
* {{q|in ⟨sj⟩, ⟨skj⟩, ⟨sk⟩ and ⟨sl⟩}} {{IPA|nb|/ʃ/}}
* {{q|in ⟨rs⟩}} {{IPA|nb|/ʂ/}}
* {{audio|nb|LL-Q9043 (nor)-Jon Harald Søby (WMNO)-s.wav|Audio}}
* {{rhymes|nb|ɛsː|s=1}}
* {{homophones|nb|S}}
* {{hyphenation|nb|s}}

===Letter===
{{letter|nb}}

# {{Latn-def|nb|letter|19}}

====Derived terms====
{{top2}}
* {{l|nb|genitiv-s||genitive s}}
* {{l|nb|genitivs-s||genitive s}}
* {{l|nb|s-genitiv||s-genitive}}
* {{l|nb|s-verb||s-verb}}
{{bottom}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letters/nb}}

===Noun===
{{nb-noun-m1|s-}}

# The lowercase form of {{m|nb|S}}, the nineteenth [[letter]] of the Norwegian Bokmål [[alphabet]], written in the [[Latin script]]; preceded by {{m|nb|r}} and followed by {{m|nb|t}}.
# The written representation of the Norwegian [[consonant]] sound {{IPAchar|/s/}}. In certain combinations, including ⟨sj⟩, ⟨skj⟩, ⟨sk⟩ and ⟨sl⟩, it may form the sound {{IPAchar|/ʃ/}}, while ⟨rs⟩ may be pronounced {{IPAchar|/ʂ/}}.
# The [[consonant]] [[sound]] represented by the letter {{m|nb|s}}.
#* {{quote-book|nb|year=2026|author={{w|Erik Fosnes Hansen}}|title=Om natten er jeg i Kina|page=91|passage=hun hadde problemer med det stemte s-ene, ellers gikk det stort sett bra med [den tyske] uttalen|translation=she had trouble with the voiced s sounds, but otherwise the [German] pronunciation was mostly fine}}
# {{lb|nb|cooking}} A small [[cookie]] made by piping dough into the shape of the letter {{m|nb|s}}.

===Symbol===
{{head|nb|symbol}}

# {{lb|nb|metrology}} The symbol for the [[second]], the SI base unit of [[time]].

===References===
* {{R:nb:OB}}
* {{R:nb:NAOB}}
* [https://www.britannica.com/topic/S-letter “S”] in ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.
* [https://snl.no/S_-_bokstav “S – bokstav”] in ''{{w|lang=no|Store norske leksikon}}''.

==Norwegian Nynorsk==

===Letter===
{{letter|nn}}

# {{Latn-def|nn|letter|19}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letters/nn}}

===Noun===
{{nn-noun-m1|s-}}

# the letter {{l|en|S}}

===References===
* {{R:nn:OB}}

==Nupe==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|nup|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|nup}}

# {{Latn-def|nup|letter|21}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/nup}}

==Nuxalk==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|blc|/s/|[s]|[ʃ]}}

===Letter===
{{letter|blc}}

# {{Latn-def|blc|letter|22}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letters/blc}}

==Old English==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ang|/s/|[s]|q3=between vowels|[z]}}

===Letter===
{{letter|ang}}

# {{Latn-def|ang|letter}}

==Old Polish==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|zlw-opl|/z/|/s/}}

===Preposition===
{{head|zlw-opl|preposition}}

# {{alt form|zlw-opl|z}}

==Oromo==

===Pronunciation===
{{om-IPA|sa}}
{{om-syllables|sa}}
**{{audio|om|Om-s.ogg}}

===Letter===
{{letter|om}}

# {{Latn-def|om|letter|19}}

==Polish==

===Etymology===
{{ety|pl|id=letter}}
{{pl-ety-letter}}

===Pronunciation===
{{pl-pr|es|h=-|r=-|a=LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-s.wav}}

===Letter===
{{letter|pl}}

# {{Latn-def|pl|letter|24|es}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/pl}}

==Portuguese==

===Etymology 1===

====Pronunciation====
Letter name: {{q|{{l|pt|esse}}}}
{{pt-IPA|ésse}}

====Letter====
{{letter|pt}}

# {{Latn-def|pt|letter|19}}

=====See also=====
{{list:Latin script letters/pt}}

===Etymology 2===

====Alternative forms====
* {{alt|pt|ss}}

====Adverb====
{{pt-adv}}

# {{lb|pt|Brazil|Internet slang|text messaging}} {{abbreviation of|pt|sim||yes}}

====Noun====
{{pt-noun|m|#s}}

# {{lb|pt|Brazil|Internet slang|text messaging}} {{abbreviation of|pt|sim||yes}}

====Interjection====
{{head|pt|intj}}

# {{lb|pt|Brazil|Internet slang|text messaging}} {{abbreviation of|pt|sim||yes}}

===Etymology 3===

====Noun====
{{pt-noun|m|-}}

# {{abbreviation of|pt|segundo}}
## {{ng|used to indicate any sequence of time in seconds}}
##: {{ux|pt|O atleta completou a corrida em 1[[h]]20[[min]]45'''s'''|The athlete completed the race in 1 hour, 21 minutes and 45 seconds}}

=====Usage notes=====
* This abbreviation uses no spaces or points and must always follow a number.
* This abbreviation is often preceded by a number followed by {{m|pt|m}}, used to represent minutes, which can be in turn preceded by {{m|pt|h}}, to represent hours.
** Example: ''20h43min08s''

===Further reading===
* {{R:pt:Aulete}}
* {{R:pt:Priberam}}

==Romani==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|rom|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|rom}}

# {{lb|rom|International Standard}} {{Latn-def|rom|letter|24}}
# {{lb|rom|Pan-Vlax}} {{Latn-def|rom|letter|25}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/rom}}

==Romanian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ro|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|ro}}

# {{Latn-def|ro|letter|22|es|se|sî}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ro}}

==Saanich==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|str|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|str|type=nocase}}

# {{Latn-def|str|letter|39}}

===Suffix===
{{head|str|suffix}}

# forms the [[third-person]] [[possessive]] form of a noun. 

====Usage notes====
This letter is used only for the possessive suffix. Saanich is otherwise written in all capitals. 

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/str}}

==Scottish Gaelic==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|gd|/s̪/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|gd}}

# {{Latn-def|gd|letter|16|prec=r|foll=t|addl=; traditionally named {{l|gd|suil|t=willow}}}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/gd}}

==Serbo-Croatian==

===Etymology 1===
See [[#Translingual|Translingual section]].

====Pronunciation====
* {{q|phoneme}} {{IPA|sh|/s/}}

====Letter====
{{letter|sh|Cyrl:с}}

# {{Latn-def|sh|letter|24|alphvar={{l|sh|gajica}}|prec=r|foll=š}}

=====See also=====
{{list:Latin script letters/sh}}

===Etymology 2===
{{inh+|sh|sla-pro|*sъ(n)}}, from {{der|sh|ine-pro|*ḱom}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alt|sh|sa||see usage notes}}

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|sh|/s/}}

====Preposition====
{{sh-prep}}

# [[with]], together [[with]], along [[with]] {{+obj|sh|ins}}
#: {{ux|sh|'''s''' nekim raditi|to work with sb|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|'''s''' nekim se svađati|to quarrel with sb|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|'''s''' nekim ratovati|to wage war with sb|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|d(j)evojka '''s''' plavom kosom|a girl with blonde hair|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|'''s''' godinama dolazi mudrost|with age comes wisdom|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|'''s''' ljubavlju|with love|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|pozdraviti se jedno '''s''' drugim|part ways with each other|inline=1}}
#* {{quote-book|1=sh|title=Stari Dani|chapter=Đurđevdan|page=1|year=1898|author=Vojislav Stanković|url=https://www.knjizara.com/pdf/126373.pdf|passage=Gledam živu, tesnu ulicu, ograđenu visokim zidovima, '''s''' velikim kapijama i razgranatim drvećem, koje se pruža, te je kiti zelenom.|translation=I look at lively, narrow streets, high fenced walls, with large gates and branched trees, which stretch, and adorn it with green.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308231446/https://www.knjizara.com/pdf/126373.pdf|archivedate=8 March 2022}}
# [[from]], [[off]], [[on]] {{+obj|sh|gen}}
#: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' zapada|from the west|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|'''s''' leđa|from the back|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|posmatrati/promatrati '''s''' prozora|to observe from the window|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|ljudi '''s''' planine|people from the mountain|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|Policajac '''sa''' Beverli Hilsa|Beverly Hills Cop|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|Pao sam '''sa''' stabla.|I fell off the tree.|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|'''s''' druge strane|on the other hand|inline=1}}
# {{lb|sh|proscribed|shortening of '''{{m|sh|iz}} {{m|sh|taj|tog}}'''}} {{+obj|sh|gen}} [[because of]] (= {{m|sh|iz}}, {{m|sh|zbȍg}})
#: {{ux|sh|'''s''' tog razloga|for that reason|inline=1}}
# ''miscellaneous prepositional senses in phrases that employ a connection'' {{+obj|sh|ins}}
#: {{ux|sh|Šta/Što je '''s''' tobom?|What's wrong with you?|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|sh|'''s''' vremenom|in time|inline=1}}
#* {{quote-book|sh|title=Na Drini Ćuprija|year=1942-1945|author=Ivo Andrić|chapter=1|url=https://www.ivoandric.org.rs/%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0_/%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8/13-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D1%9B%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0#%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA|passage=Tako su se i ovde, '''s''' vremenom, rojile kuće i množila naselja na oba kraja mosta.|translation=Here also in time the houses crowded together and the settlemnts multiplied at both ends of the bridge.}}

=====Usage notes=====
*{{m|sh|s}} takes the alternative form {{m|sh|sa}} in the following environments:
** before the sibilants /s, š, z, ž/:
**: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' stránē|aside}}
**: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' škȏlōm|with school}}
**: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' zȗbom|with the tooth}}
**: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' živòtom|with life}}
** before the clusters /kn, ks, kć, ps, pt, pš/:
**: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' knȇzom|with the duke}}
**: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' ksȉlofōnom|with the xilophone}}
**: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' kćȅri|with the daughter}}
**: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' psȍm|with the dog}}
**: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' ptȉcōm|with the bird}}
**: {{ux|sh|'''sa''' pšènicōm|with wheat}}
** before the instrumental form of the first-person pronoun {{m|sh|jȃ||I}}
**: {{ux|sh|'''sȁ''' mnōm|with me}}

===Etymology 3===
{{abbrev|sh|[[srednji]] [[rod]]}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alt|sh|s.}}

====Noun====
{{sh-noun||m}}

# {{lb|sh|grammar}} [[neuter]] [[gender]]

==Silesian==

===Pronunciation===
{{szl-pr|a=LL-Q30319 (szl)-Vxern-#.wav}}

===Etymology 1===
{{szl-ety-letter}}

====Letter====
{{letter|szl}}

# {{Latn-def|szl|letter|26}}

=====See also=====
{{list:Latin script letters/szl}}

===Etymology 2===

====Preposition====
{{head|szl|preposition}}

# {{alt form|szl|z}}

==Skolt Sami==

===Pronunciation===
* {{q|phoneme}} {{IPA|sms|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|sms}}

# {{Latn-def|sms|letter|28}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/sms}}

==Slovak==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|sk|so}}

===Etymology===
{{ety|sk|:inh|sla-pro:*sъ(n)|text=+|tree=1}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|sk|/s/}}
* {{IPA|sk|/z/|q1=before voiced and sonorous consonants and vowels}}

===Preposition===
{{head|sk|preposition}} {{+obj|sk|ins}}

# [[with]]
#: {{ant|sk|bez|bezo}}
#: {{uxi|sk|Tancujem '''s''' tebou.|I am dancing '''with''' you.}}
#* {{Q|sk|Jozef Gregor Tajovský|Maco Mlieč|year=1903|quote=''Gazda vystrojil mu krásny pohreb '''s''' kňazom.''|trans=The farmer held a beautiful funeral '''with''' a priest for him.}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:sk:SDK}}

{{cln|sk|words spelled without vowels}}

==Slovene==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sl-IPA|s}}

===Letter===
{{letter|sl}}

# {{Latn-def|sl|letter|19}}
# {{Latn-def|sl|letter|26|alphvar=Resian}}
# {{Latn-def|sl|letter|20|alphvar=Natisone Valley dialect}}

===Preposition===
{{sl-head|prep|-}}

# {{alternative form of|sl|z}}, {{ng|used before a voiceless consonant}}

===Further reading===
{{R:sl:FR}}

==Spanish==

===Pronunciation===
{{es-pr|raw:/s/<q:phoneme>,raw:/s̺/,raw:/s̄/|ese<q:letter name><audio:letter s es es.flac<a:Spain>>}}

===Letter===
{{letter|es}}

# {{Latn-def|es|letter|20}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/es}}

==Swedish==

===Pronunciation===
* {{rhymes|sv|ɛsː|s=1}}

===Letter===
{{letter|sv}}

# {{Latn-def|sv|letter|22}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|sv|foge-s||joining s; -s-}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/sv}}

===Noun===
{{head|sv|noun}}

# [[page]]; {{abbreviation of|sv|sida}}

==Tagalog==

===Etymology 1===
{{bor+|tl|es|s}}. Each pronunciation has a different source:
* Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by {{der|tl|en|s}}.
* Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character {{m|tl|{{tl-bay sc|sa}}}}.
* Abecedario pronunciation is from {{der|tl|es|s}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{tl-pr
|és<qq:letter name, Filipino alphabet>
|sá<qq:letter name, Abakada alphabet>
|ese<qq:letter name, Abecedario>
|+<qq:phoneme>
}}

====Letter====
{{letter|tl}}

# {{tl-letter def|21|es|alph=fil}}
# {{tl-letter def|16|sa|alph=abak}}
# {{lb|tl|historical}} {{tl-letter def|22|ese|alph=abec}}

=====See also=====
{{list:Latin script letters/tl}}

===Etymology 2===
From the Abakada alphabet letter {{m|tl|s}} being pronounced as {{m|tl|sa}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{tl-pr|sa}}

====Pronoun====
{{tl-pron|b=sa}} {{tlb|tl|Internet slang|text messaging}}

# {{abbr of|tl|sa}}: [[in]]; [[on]]; [[at]]
#: {{ux|tl|d2 '''s''' 7hol|Here '''in''' the city hall.}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:Pambansang Diksiyonaryo}}

==Tarifit==

===Etymology===
{{ety|rif|:inh|ber-pro:-|text=+|tree=1}}

===Pronunciation===
{{rif-pr}}

===Preposition===
{{rif-head|preposition}}

# {{ng|instrumental preposition}}
## [[with]], [[by means of]]
##: {{uxa|rif|Ixeddem '''s''' ufus.|He works '''with''' his hand.}}
##: {{uxa|rif|Yebna '''s''' weẓru d ucař.|He built '''with''' stone and earth.}}
## [[because of]], [[from]]
##: {{uxa|rif|War tzemmar a tessiweř '''s''' wenni t-yarbban.|She cannot speak '''because of''' the one who raised her.}}
##: {{uxa|rif|Yettarjiji '''s''' usemmiḍ.|He is shivering '''from''' the cold.}}
## {{q|temporal}} [[at]]
##: {{uxa|rif|Yeffeɣ '''s''' ǧiřet|He left '''at''' night.}}

====Usage notes====
Nouns following this preposition are placed in the {{lg|annexed state}}.

===References===
* {{R|rif|Serhoual:2002}}
* {{R|rif|Abarrou:2024}}

==Tlingit==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|tli|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|tli}}

# {{Latn-def|tli|letter}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/tli}}

==Turkish==

===Letter===
{{letter|tr}}

# {{Latn-def|tr|letter|22|se}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/tr}}

==Turkmen==

===Pronunciation===
* {{qualifier|phoneme}} {{IPA|tk|/θ/|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|tk}}

# {{Latn-def|tk|letter|22|es}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/tk}}

==Vilamovian==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|wym|gmh|ëȥ}}, from {{inh|wym|goh|iȥ}}, from {{inh|wym|gmw-pro|*it}}, from {{inh|wym|gem-pro|*it|t=it}}, nominative/accusative singular neuter of {{m|gem-pro|*iz|t=he, it, she, they}}, from {{inh|wym|ine-pro|*ís|t=he, this}}.

===Pronoun===
{{head|wym|pronoun}}

# {{l|en|it}}

==Welsh==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|cy|/ɛs/|a=standard}}
** {{IPA|cy|/s/|a=informal}}

===Letter===
{{letter|cy}}

# {{Latn-def|cy|letter|24|ès|prec=rh|foll=t}}

===See also===
{{list:Latin script letters/cy}}

===Mutation===
* s cannot be mutated in Welsh.

===Further reading===
* {{R:cy:GPC}}

==Yoruba==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|yo|/s/}}
* {{sense|letter name}} {{IPA|yo|/sí/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|yo}}

# {{Latn-def|yo|letter|20|sí}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/yo}}

==Zulu==

===Letter===
{{letter|zu}}

# {{Latn-def|zu|letter|19}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/zu}}