View source for knowledge

{{also|Knowledge}}
==English==
{{wp}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈnɒl.ɪdʒ/|a=RP}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈnɑ.lɪdʒ/|a=GA}}
** {{audio|en|en-us-knowledge.ogg|a=US}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈnoʊ.lɪdʒ/|a=obsolete}}
* {{IPA|en|/nɔː.leːdʒ/|/nɑː.leːdʒ/|/-le(ɖ)dʒ/|a=India}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɒlɪdʒ|eɪdʒ<a:India,also>|s=2}}
* {{hyphenation|en|know|ledge|caption=Hyphenation US}}, {{hyphenation|en|caption=UK|knowl|edge}}

===Etymology 1===
{{ety|en|:inh|enm:knoweleche|tree=1|id=information}}
{{root|en|ine-pro|*ǵneh₃-|*leyg-|id2=jump}}
From {{inh|en|enm|knoweleche}}, {{m|enm|knowleche|t=knowledge}}, from late {{inh|en|ang|cnāwelǣċ|t=acknowledgement}}, from {{m|ang|cnāwan|t=to know}} + {{m|ang||-lǣċ(e)}}, variant of {{m|ang|-lāc|t=-ation}} modified after the related verbal suffix {{m|ang|-lǣċan}}. Related to {{cog|enm|knowelechen|t=to find out, acknowledge}}, {{cog|ang|cnāwelǣċing|t=acknowledging, acknowledgement}}.

Cognate with {{cog|fo|knáleiki|t=bravery, courage, valour}}, {{cog|is|knáleikur|t=prowess, hardihood, or physical strength}}, {{cog|fo|kunnleiki|t=knowledge, proficiency, ability, competence}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{qualifier|obsolete}} [[knolege]], [[knowlage]], [[knowleche]], [[knowledg]], [[knowlege]], [[knowliche]], [[knowlych]], [[knowlech]]<!--these are the most common-->
* {{qualifier|obsolete, uncommon, Scottish}} [[knaulege]], [[knaulage]]<!--both also Scots, apparently-->, [[knawlage]]<!--possibly also Scots-->
* {{qualifier|obsolete, uncommon}} [[knoleche]], [[knoleige]], [[knowlache]], [[knolych]]

====Noun====
{{en-noun|-|s}}

# The fact of [[know]]ing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc. {{defdate|from 14th c.}}
#: {{ux|en|His '''knowledge''' of Iceland was limited to what he'd seen on the Travel Channel.}}
#: {{ux|en|He has a lot of '''knowledge''' on the Indus Valley Civilization.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Jeremy Corderoy| title=A Short Dialogve, wherein is Proved, that No Man can be Saved without Good VVorkes| edition=2nd| location=Oxford| publisher=Printed by Ioseph Barnes, and are to be sold in [[w:St Paul's Cathedral|Paules Church-yard]] at the signe of the Crowne, by Simon Waterson| year=1604| page=40| pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=KFPy-GRTL3gC&pg=PA40| oclc=55185654| passage=[N]ow ſuch a liue vngodly, vvithout a care of doing the wil of the Lord (though they profeſſe him in their mouths, yea though they beleeue and acknowledge all the Articles of the Creed, yea haue '''knowledge''' of the Scripturs) yet if they liue vngodly, they deny God, and therefore ſhal be denied, {{...}}}}
#* {{RQ:Economist|date=2013-08-03|volume=408|issue=8847| title=[http://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21582495-computers-will-help-people-understand-brains-better-and-understanding-brains The machine of a new soul]| passage=The yawning gap in neuroscientists’ understanding of their topic is in the intermediate scale of the brain’s anatomy. Science has a passable '''knowledge''' of how individual nerve cells, known as neurons, work. It also knows which visible lobes and ganglia of the brain do what. But how the neurons are organised in these lobes and ganglia remains obscure.}}
# [[awareness|Awareness]] of a particular fact or situation; a state of having been informed or made aware of something. {{defdate|from 14th c.}}
#* {{RQ:Austen Pride and Prejudice|text=He had always intended to visit him, though to the last always assuring his wife that he should not go; and till the evening after the visit was paid she had no '''knowledge''' of it.}}
# Intellectual understanding; the state of appreciating truth or information. {{defdate|from 14th c.}}
#: {{ux|en|'''Knowledge''' consists in recognizing the difference between good and bad decisions.}}
#* {{RQ:Marlowe Tamburlaine|part=1|scene=vii|page=41|passage=Our ſoules, whoſe faculties can comprehend<br>The wondrous Architecture of the world:<br>And meaſure euery wandring planets courſe,<br>Still climing after '''knowledge''' infinite, {{...}}}}
# [[familiarity|Familiarity]] or understanding of a particular skill, branch of learning etc. {{defdate|from 14th c.}}
#: {{ux|en|Does your friend have any '''knowledge''' of hieroglyphs, perchance?}}
#: {{ux|en|A secretary should have a good '''knowledge''' of shorthand.}}
# {{lb|en|philosophical}} Justified true belief
# {{lb|en|archaic|or|legal}} Sexual intimacy or [[intercourse]] (now usually in phrase {{m|en|carnal knowledge}}). {{defdate|from 15th c.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1573|author=George Gascoigne|section=The Adventures of Master F.J.|title=An Anthology of Elizabethan Prose Fiction|passage=Every time that he had '''knowledge''' of her he would leave, either in the bed, or in her cushion-cloth, or by her looking-glass, or in some place where she must needs find it, a piece of money{{nb...}}.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[information|Information]] or [[intelligence]] about something; [[notice]]. {{defdate|15th|18th c.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1580|author=Edward Hayes|chapter=Sir Humphrey Gilbert's Voyage to Newfoundland|title=Voyages and Travels Ancient and Modern|editor=Charles W Eliot|publisher=Cosimo|year_published=2005|page=280
|passage=Item, if any ship be in danger{{nb...}}, every man to bear towards her, answering her with one light for a short time, and so to put it out again; thereby to give '''knowledge''' that they have seen her token.}}
# The total of what is [[known]]; all [[information]] and products of learning. {{defdate|from 16th c.}}
#: {{ux|en|His library contained the accumulated '''knowledge''' of the Greeks and Romans.}}
# {{lb|en|countable}} Something that can be [[known]]; a branch of learning; a piece of information; a [[science]]. {{defdate|from 16th c.}}
#* {{RQ:Montaigne Florio Essayes|chapter=12|book=II|passage=he weakened his braines much, as all men doe, who over nicely and greedily will search out those '''knowledges''' {{transterm|frm|cognoissances}}, which hang not for their mowing, nor pertaine unto them.}}
#* {{RQ:Bacon Learning|book=2|folio=64|passage=There is a great difference in the delivery of the mathematics, which are the most abstracted of '''knowledges'''.|footer=Spelling has been modernised.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1996|last=Pettman|first=Jan|title=Worlding Women: A Feminist International Politics|isbn=9780415152013|format=Hardcover|publisher=Routledge|url=https://google.com/books/edition/_/7FMahaeo2T0C|pages=ix and x|pageurl=https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/7FMahaeo2T0C?gbpv=1&dq=knowledges&pg=PR10|passage=There are by now many feminisms (Tong, 1989; Humm, 1992).{{...}}They are in shifting alliance or contest with postmodern critiques, which at times seem to threaten the very category 'women' and its possibilities for a feminist politics. These debates inform this attempt at worlding women—moving beyond white western power centres and their dominant '''knowledges'''{{nb...}}.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[acknowledgement|Acknowledgement]]. {{defdate|14th|16th c.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[notice|Notice]], [[awareness]]. {{defdate|17th c.}}
#* {{RQ:Tyndale NT|Ruth|II|10|text=Then she fell on her face, and bowed herself to the ground, and said unto him, Why have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou shouldest take '''knowledge''' of me, seeing I am a stranger?}}
# {{lb|en|UK|informal}} The deep familiarity with certain [[route]]s and places of interest required by [[taxicab]] [[driver]]s working in [[London]], [[England]].
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2002|author=Malcolm Bobbitt|title=Taxi! - The Story of the London Cab|passage=There is only one sure way to memorise the runs and that is to follow them, either on foot, cycle or motor cycle; hence, the familiar sight of would-be cabbies learning the '''knowledge''' during evenings and weekends.}}

=====Synonyms=====
* {{l|en|awareness}}
* {{l|en|cognizance}}
* {{l|en|ken}}
* {{l|en|knowingness}}
* {{l|en|learning}}
* See [[Thesaurus:knowledge]]

=====Antonyms=====
* {{l|en|ignorance}}

=====Hyponyms=====
{{col4|en|background knowledge
|book knowledge
|carnal knowledge
|common knowledge
|foreknowledge
|general knowledge
|interknowledge
|metaknowledge
|prior knowledge
|protoknowledge
|public knowledge
|red flag knowledge
|scientific knowledge
|traditional knowledge
|working knowledge|reading knowledge|stock knowledge
}}

====Coordinate terms====
{{col|en
|knowledgeability<qq:synonymous in some senses and instances>
}}

====Derived terms====
{{col4|en|elite ball knowledge
|a little knowledge is a dangerous thing|book-knowledge|content knowledge|gendered knowledge|knowledge graph|knowledge map|knowledge-box|meta-knowledge|principle of least knowledge|safe in the knowledge|to my knowledge|to one's knowledge|to the best of one's knowledge|zeal without knowledge is a runaway horse|zero-knowledge|anti-knowledge|knowledge engineering
|acknowledge
|foreknowledge
|interknowledge
|knowledgable
|knowledgeable
|knowledge base
|knowledge domain|knowledge work
|knowledge engineer
|knowledgeful
|knowledge is power
|knowledge management
|knowledge mining
|knowledge society
|knowledge worker
|metaknowledge|personal knowledge base|personal knowledge management
|naughty knowledge
|Nelsonian knowledge
|protoknowledge
|red flag knowledge| ball knowledge
|self-knowledge
|sphere of knowledge
|theory of knowledge|afterknowledge|antiknowledge|beknowledge|counterknowledge|ethnoknowledge|knowledgeless|knowledgelike|knowledgement|misknowledge|nonknowledge|preknowledge|superknowledge|unknowledge|tree of knowledge
|zero-knowledge proof
}}

=====Related terms=====
* [[know]]
* [[knowing]]

=====Collocations=====
{{col|en|title=Adjectives often used with "knowledge"
|{{coi|en|{{l|en|extensive}}, {{l|en|deep}}, {{l|en|superficial}}, {{l|en|theoretical}}, {{l|en|practical}}, {{l|en|useful}}, {{l|en|working}}, {{l|en|encyclopedic}}, {{l|en|public}}, {{l|en|private}}, {{l|en|scientific}}, {{l|en|tacit}}, {{l|en|explicit}}, {{l|en|general}}, {{l|en|specialized}}, {{l|en|special}}, {{l|en|broad}}, {{l|en|declarative}}, {{l|en|procedural}}, {{l|en|innate}}, etc.}}
}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|fact of knowing about something; understanding, familiarity with information}}
* Afrikaans: {{t+|af|kennis}}
* Akkadian: {{t|akk|nēmequm|m}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|dituri|f}}, {{t+|sq|dije|f}}, {{t+|sq|dijeni|f}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|እውቀት}}
* Arabic: {{t+|ar|عِلْم|m}}, {{t+|ar|مَعْرِفَة|f}}
* Aragonese: {{t|an|coneiximiento}}, {{t|an|conoiximiento}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|իմացություն}}, {{t+|hy|գիտելիք}}
* Assamese: {{t|as|জ্ঞান}}
* Asturian: {{t+|ast|conocimientu|m}}, {{t+|ast|conocencia|f}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|bilik}}
* Baluchi: {{t|bal|زانت}}
* Bangi: {{t|bni|boyebi}}
* Bashkir: {{t|ba|белем}}
* Belarusian: {{t+|be|ве́данне|n}}, {{t|be|ве́даньне|n}}
* Bengali: {{t+|bn|জ্ঞান}}, {{t+|bn|এলেম}}
* Bikol:
*: Central Bikol: {{t+|bcl|kaaraman}}
* Breton: {{t|br|anaoudegez|f}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|зна́ние|n}}
* Burmese: {{t+|my|အသိပညာ}}, {{t+|my|ဝိဇ္ဇာ}}
* Cahuilla: {{t|chl|'e'nanill}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|coneixement|m}}
* Central Atlas Tamazight: {{t|tzm|ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ|f}}
* Chinese:
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|知識|tr=zi1 sik1, zi3 sik1}}, {{t|yue|見識|tr=gin3 sik1}}
*: Dungan: {{t|dng|җышы}}, {{t|dng|җяншы}}, {{t|dng|эрлин}} {{qualifier|from Arabic}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|知識|tr=zhīshi}}, {{t+|cmn|見識|tr=jiànshí, jiànshì}}
* Choctaw: {{t|cho|aiikhʋna}}
* Comorian:
*: Ngazidja Comorian: {{t|zdj|udjuzi|c11}}
* Coptic: {{t|cop|ⲉⲙⲓ}}, {{t|cop|ⲓⲙⲓ}}
* Crimean Tatar: {{t|crh|bilgi}}, {{t|crh|bilme}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|znalost|f}}, {{t|cs|vědění|n}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|viden}}, {{t|da|kundskab}}, {{t+|da|kendskab}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|kennis}}, {{t+|nl|weten}}, {{t+|nl|wetenschap}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|scio}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|teadmine}}, {{t|et|teadmised|p}}
* Extremaduran: {{t|ext|conocencia|f}}
* Faroese: {{t|fo|vitan|f}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tieto}}, {{t+|fi|tiedot|p}}
* French: {{t+|fr|connaissance|f}}, {{t+|fr|science|f}}
*: Middle French: {{t|frm|sçavoir|m}}
*: Old French: {{t|fro|savoir|m}}, {{t|fro|conoissance|f}}, {{t|fro|escient|m}}
*: Old French: {{t|fro|saveir}}
* Frisian:
*: West Frisian: {{t+|fy|witten}}
* Friulian: {{t|fur|cognossince|f}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|coñecemento|m}}, {{t|gl|sabenza|f}}, {{t|gl|sabedoría|f}}
* Georgian: {{t+|ka|ცოდნა}}
* German: {{t+|de|Wissen|n}}, {{t+|de|Kenntnis|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|γνώση|f}}, {{t+|el|αγωγή|f}}
*: Ancient Greek: {{t|grc|γνῶσις|f}}
* Haitian Creole: {{t|ht|konesans}}
* Hanunoo: {{t|hnn|alam}}
* Hawaiian: {{t|haw|ʻike}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|יֶדַע|tr=yéda}}, {{t+|he|ידיעה|f|tr=yediá}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|जान|f}}, {{t+|hi|ज्ञान|m}}, {{t+|hi|बुद्धि|f}}, {{t+|hi|इल्म|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|tudás}}, {{t+|hu|ismeret}}
* Icelandic: {{t+|is|þekking|f}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|pengetahuan}}
* Interlingua: {{t|ia|cognoscentia}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|fios|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|conoscenza|f}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|知識|tr=ちしき, chishiki}}
* Kapampangan: {{t|pam|pamibaluan}}, {{t|pam|pangabalu}}
* Kashmiri: {{t|ks|زان}}
* Kazakh: {{t|kk|білім}}, {{t+|kk|ғылым}}
* Khmer: {{t+|km|ចំណេះ}}, {{t+|km|ញាណ}}, {{t+|km|វិជ្ជា}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|지식}}, {{t+|ko|앎}}
* Kyrgyz: {{t+|ky|билим}}
* Lao: {{t+|lo|ຄວາມຮູ້}}, {{t|lo|ວິຊາ}}
* Latin: {{t|la|notitia|f}}, {{t+|la|notio|f}}, {{t|la|agnitio|f}}, {{t|la|cognitio|f}}, {{t|la|intelligentia|f}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|zināšana|f}}
* Lingala: {{t|ln|boyebi}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|žinojimas|m}}, {{t+|lt|mokėjimas|m}}, {{t|lt|išmanymas|m}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|знаење|f}}
* Malay: {{t+|ms|pengetahuan}}, {{t+|ms|ilmu}}
* Maltese: {{t|mt|konoxxenza|f}}
* Māori: {{t+|mi|mātauranga}}, {{t|mi|mōhio ngutu}} {{qualifier|Refers to superficial understanding}}
* Mongolian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t+|mn|эрдэм}}, {{t+|mn|мэдлэг}}
* Nepali: {{t|ne|ज्ञान}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|kunnskap|m}}, {{t|nb|viten|m}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|kunnskap|m}}
* Occitan: {{t+|oc|coneissença|f}}
* Odia: {{t+|or|ଜ୍ଞାନ}}
* Pali: {{t|pi|ñāṇa}}, {{t|pi|vijjā}}
* Persian:
*: Iranian Persian: {{t+|fa-ira|دانِش}}, {{t|fa-ira|شِناخْت}}, {{t|fa-ira|عِلْم}}, {{t|fa-ira|مَعْرِفَت}}
* Plautdietsch: {{t|pdt|Wissenschoft|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|wiedza|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|conhecimento|m}}
* Quechua: {{t|qu|riqsiy}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|cunoaștere|f}}, {{t+|ro|știre|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|зна́ние|n}}, {{t+|ru|осведомлённость|f}}
* Sanskrit: {{t+|sa|ज्ञान}}, {{t+|sa|बुद्धि}}, {{t+|sa|विद्या}}, {{t+|sa|बोध}}
* Scots: {{t|sco|kennin}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|fios|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|знáње|n}}
*: Latin: {{t+|sh|znánje|n}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|canuscenza|f}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|znalosť|f}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|znanje}}
* Southern Altai: {{t|alt|билим}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|conocimiento|m}}, {{t+|es|conocencia|f}} {{q|rural}}, {{t|es|desperteza|f}} {{q|desus.}}
* Sundanese: {{t|su|pangaweruh}}
* Swahili: {{t+|sw|maarifa}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|kunskap|c}}
* Sylheti: {{t|syl|ꠉꠣꠀꠘ|tr=gian}}
* Tagalog: {{qualifier|literally}} {{t|tl|karunungan|n}}
* Tajik: {{t+|tg|дониш}}, {{t+|tg|маърифат}}
* Tamil: {{t+|ta|அறிவு}}, {{t+|ta|ஞானம்}}
* Tatar: {{t+|tt|белем}}
* Telugu: {{t+|te|జ్ఞానము}}, {{t+|te|బోధ}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|ความรู้}}, {{t+|th|วิชา}}, {{t+|th|วิทยา}}
* Tibetan: {{t|bo|ཤེས་བྱ}}, {{t|bo|ཡོན་ཏན}}
* Tocharian B: {{t|txb|karsalñe}}, {{t|txb|kärsor}}
* Tok Pisin: {{t|tpi|save}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|bilim}}, {{t+|tr|marifet}}, {{t+|tr|bilgi}}
*: Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|بیلك|tr=bilik}}
* Turkmen: {{t+|tk|bilim}}, {{t|tk|maglumat}}
* Ugaritic: {{t|uga|𐎄𐎓𐎚}}
* Ukrainian: {{t+|uk|знання́|n}}
* Urdu: {{t+|ur|عِلْم|m}}, {{t|ur|شَناخْت|f}}, {{t|ur|گِیان|m}}, {{t|ur|گْیان|m}}
* Uyghur: {{t+|ug|بىلىم}}
* Uzbek: {{t+|uz|bilim}}, {{t+|uz|bilish}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|tri thức}}, {{t+|vi|kiến thức}}
* Waray-Waray: {{t|war|kaaram}}
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|adnabyddiaeth}}, {{t+|cy|gwybodaeth|f}}
* Woiwurrung: {{t|wyi|yurlendj}}
* Yakut: {{t|sah|билии}}
* Yiddish: {{t|yi|וויסן|n}}
* Zazaki: {{t|zza|zanış}}, {{t|zza|elm}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|awareness, state of having been informed}}
* Arabic: {{t+|ar|عِلْم|m}}, {{t+|ar|مَعْرِفَة|f}}
* Bikol:
*: Central Bikol: {{t+|bcl|kaaraman}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|осведоме́ност|f}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|coneixement|m}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|知識|tr=zhīshi}}, {{t+|cmn|學識|tr=xuéshí}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|vědomí|n}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|viden}}, {{t+|da|kendskab}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|medeweten|n}}, {{t+|nl|weten|n}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tietoisuus}}
* French: {{t+|fr|connaissance|f}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|coñecemento|m}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|შეცნობა}}, {{t+|ka|ცოდნა}}
* German: {{t+|de|Wissen|n}}, {{t+|de|Kenntnis|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|γνώση|f}}, {{t+|el|επίγνωση|f}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|הַכָּרָה|f|tr=hakará}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|जागरूकता|f}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|tudomás}}, {{t+|hu|tudta}}
* Icelandic: {{t|is|vitneskja|f}}
* Interlingua: {{t|ia|cognoscentia}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|fios|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|conoscenza}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|知識|tr=ちしき, chishiki}}, {{t+|ja|学識|tr=がくしき, gakushiki}}
* Kazakh: {{t|kk|білім}}
* Kurdish:
*: Central Kurdish: {{t+|ckb|زانیاری}}
* Latin: {{t|la|notitia|f}}, {{t+|la|notio|f}}, {{t|la|agnitio|f}}, {{t|la|cognitio|f}}, {{t|la|intelligentia|f}}
* Māori: {{t|mi|mōhiotanga}}
* Navajo: {{t|nv|bíhooʼą́ąʼii}}, {{t|nv|íʼhooʼą́ąʼii}}
* Persian:
*: Iranian Persian: {{t+|fa-ira|آگاهی}}, {{t|fa-ira|هُشِیاری}}, {{t|fa-ira|اِطِّلاع}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|świadomość|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|conhecimento|m}}, {{t+|pt|ciência|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|зна́ние|n}}, {{t+|ru|осведомлённость|f}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|fios|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|знáње|n}}
*: Latin: {{t+|sh|znánje|n}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|canuscenza|f}}, {{t|scn|cugnizziuni|f}}, {{t+|scn|nutizzia|f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|conocimiento|m}}, {{t+|es|conocencia|f}} {{q|rural}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|kännedom|c}}
* Tamil: {{t+|ta|விழிப்பு}}, {{t+|ta|கவனம்}}
* Telugu: {{t+|te|జాగరూకత}}
* Tok Pisin: {{t|tpi|save}}
* Zazaki: {{t|zza|hoşyari}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|familiarity with particular skill, discipline}}
* Bikol:
*: Central Bikol: {{t+|bcl|kaaraman}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|позна́ние|n}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|coneixements|m-p}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tieto}}, {{t+|fi|taito}}
* French: {{t+|fr|connaissances|f-p}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|coñecementos|m-p}}
* Georgian: {{t+|ka|ცოდნა}}, {{t|ka|გაგება}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|γνώση|f}}, {{t+|el|εμπειρία|f}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|היכרות|f|tr=hekerút}}
* Icelandic: {{t+|is|þekking|f}}, {{t+|is|kunnátta|f}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|fios|m}}
* Kazakh: {{t+|kk|ғылым}}
* Latin: {{t|la|notitia|f}}, {{t+|la|notio|f}}, {{t|la|agnitio|f}}, {{t|la|cognitio|f}}, {{t|la|intelligentia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|conhecimento|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|cunoaștere}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|зна́ние|n}}, {{t+|ru|понима́ние|n}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|fios|m}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|canuscenza|f}}, {{t|scn|majistrìa|f}}, {{t|scn|spirtizza|f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|conocimientos|m-p}}, {{t+|es|conocimiento|m}}
* Tamil: {{t+|ta|அனுபவம்}}
* Telugu: {{t+|te|నైపుణ్యము}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|ความรู้}}
* Tok Pisin: {{t|tpi|save}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|total of what is known, product of learning}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|գիտելիք}}
* Bikol:
*: Central Bikol: {{t+|bcl|kaaraman}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|зна́ние|n}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|coneixement|m}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|znalost}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|kennis}}, {{t+|nl|weten|n}}, {{t+|nl|wetenschap}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tieto}}
* French: {{t+|fr|connaissances|f-p}}, {{t+|fr|science|f}}, {{t+|fr|savoir|m}}, {{t+|fr|connaissance}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|coñecemento}}, {{t|gl|coñecementos|m-p}}
* Georgian: {{t+|ka|ცოდნა}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|γνώσεις|f-p}}, {{t+|el|γνώση|f}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|יֶדַע|m|tr=yéda}}
* Icelandic: {{t+|is|þekking|f}}
* Interlingua: {{t|ia|cognoscentia}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|sapere|m}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|지식}}, {{t+|ko|지혜}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|scientia|f}}, {{t+|la|artes|f-p}}, {{t|la|disciplinae|f-p}}, {{t+|la|litterae|f-p}}, {{t|la|humanitas|f}}, {{t|la|studia|n-p}}
* Malay: {{t+|ms|pengetahuan}}, {{t+|ms|ilmu}}
* Navajo: {{t|nv|íʼhooʼą́ąʼii}}, {{t|nv|ił ééhózin}}
* Persian:
*: Iranian Persian: {{t+|fa-ira|دانِش}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|conhecimento|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|cunoștințe|f-p}}, {{t+|ro|știință|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|зна́ния|p}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|canuscenza|f}}, {{t+|scn|sapiri|m}}, {{t+|scn|scenzia|f}}, {{t+|scn|studiu|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|conocimiento|m}}, {{t+|es|conocencia|f}} {{q|rural}}, {{t+|es|conocimientos|m-p}}
* Tok Pisin: {{t|tpi|save}}
* Zazaki: {{t|zza|zanış}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-see|sexual intercourse|carnal knowledge}}

{{checktrans-top}}
* Albanian: {{t+check|sq|dituri|n}}
* Esperanto: {{t+check|eo|kono}}
* Ewe: {{t-check|ee|sidzedze}}
* Galician: {{t+check|gl|coñecemento|m}}
* Georgian: {{t+check|ka|ცოდნა}}, {{t-check|ka|სწავლა}}
* Hindi: {{t+check|hi|ज्ञान|m}}, {{t+check|hi|बोध|m}}, {{t+check|hi|बुद्धि|f}}, {{t+check|hi|इल्म|m}}
* Icelandic: {{t+check|is|þekking|f}}
* Ido: {{t+check|io|konoco}}
* Indonesian: {{t+check|id|pengetahuan}}
* Interlingua: {{t-check|ia|cognoscentia}}
* Korean: {{t+check|ko|지식}}, {{t+check|ko|학문}}
* Latin: {{t+check|la|scientia|f}}, {{t-check|la|notitia|f}}, {{t-check|la|cognitio|f}}
* Malayalam: {{t+check|ml|അറിവ്}}, {{t+check|ml|വിവരം}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+check|nb|kunnskap|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+check|ro|cunoștințe|f}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+check|sh|znanje|n}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t-check|sh|знање|n}}, {{t-check|sh|ведност|f}}
*: Latin: {{t+check|sh|znanje|n}}, {{t-check|sh|vednost|f}}
* Slovene: {{t-check|sl|vednost|f}}, {{t+check|sl|znanje|n}}
* Telugu: {{t+check|te|తెలివి}}
* Thai: {{t+check|th|ความรู้}}
* Turkish: {{t+check|tr|bilgi|n}}
* Urdu: {{t+check|ur|علم|tr=ilm|m}}, {{t-check|ur|گیان|tr=gyān|m}}, {{t-check|ur|دانش|tr=dāniš|f}}, {{t+check|ur|معرفت|tr=ma'rifat|f}}, {{t+check|ur|بدھ|tr=buddhi|f}}, {{t-check|ur|بودھ|tr=bodh|m}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+check|vi|kiến thức}}
* Woiwurrung: {{t-check|wyi|ngarrgu}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
{{ety|en|:inh|enm:knowelechen|tree=1|id=to acknowledge}}
{{inh+|en|enm|knowelechen}}, {{m|enm|knowleche}}, apparently from {{m|ang|ġecnāwe}}, late form of {{m|ang|ġecnǣwe|t=aware, acknowledging}} + {{m|enm|-lechen|t=ify}}, perhaps already as {{cog|ang||*gecnāwelǣċan}}, {{m|ang||*gecnǣwelǣċan}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alter|en|knawlache||obsolete}}

====Verb====
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|obsolete}} To [[confess]] as true; to [[acknowledge]]. {{defdate|13th|17th c.}}
#* {{RQ:Tyndale NT|Matthew|3|passage=Then went oute to hym Jerusalem, and all Jury, and all the region rounde aboute Jordan, and were baptised of hym in Jordan, '''knoledging''' their synnes.}}
#* {{quote-book
|en
|date=October 6, 1653
|first=Thomas
|last=Becon
|authorlink=Thomas Becon
|chapter=A Comfortable Epistle to the Afflicted People of God
|title=Prayers and Other Pieces of Thomas Becon
|url=https://archive.org/details/piecesofbecon00becouoft/
|genre=Theology
|publisher=w:Cambridge University Press
|year_published=1844
|OCLC=781609
|page=196
|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/piecesofbecon00becouoft/page/n207/
|text=5. The church of Christ knoweth no head, but Christ Jesu alone.<br>The synagogue of Satan '''knowledgeth''' the Romish bishop to be head of the universal church of Christ throughout the world.}}

===See also===
* {{l|en|data}}
* {{l|en|erudition}}
* {{l|en|information}}
* {{l|en|know-how}}
* {{l|en|perception}}
* {{l|en|wisdom}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:Century}}
* {{R:Webster 1913}}

{{C|en|Epistemology}}