View source for c

{{also|C|Appendix:Variations of "c"}}
{{character info}}
{{character info/var|ᶜ|ⅽ|ｃ}}
{{minitoc}}
==Translingual==
{{wp}}

===Etymology 1===
Modification of upper case letter {{m|mul|C}}, from Etruscan {{m|ett|𐌂}}, from Ancient Greek {{m|grc|Γ||Gamma}}, from Phoenician {{m|phn|𐤂||gimel}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{audio|mul|Voiceless palatal plosive.ogg|Pronunciation of IPA {{IPAfont|[cɑː, ɑccɑː]}} with the sound {{IPAfont|[c]}}}}

====Letter====
{{letter|mul}}

# {{Latn-def|mul|letter|3}}

=====Usage notes=====
* Not to be confused with {{m|grc|ϲ}} (the lunate sigma).
* In many languages, the letter {{m|mul|c}} represents both a “hard” {{IPAchar|/k/}} sound and a “soft” sound ({{IPAchar|/s/}}, {{IPAchar|/ts/}}, {{IPAchar|/tʃ/}}, or {{IPAchar|/θ/}}), based on the following letter.
* In a number of languages, it is used only for the {{IPAchar|/tʃ/}} sound.<!-- Latin-based orthographies, not romanization of non-Latin scripts, such as with a number of West African languages for instance -->
* In many languages, it occurs frequently in the digraph with {{m|mul|ch}}.
* In some romanization systems of non-Latin scripts, it represents {{IPAchar|/tʃ/}}, {{IPAchar|/θ/}}, or {{IPAchar|/tsʰ/}}.

=====See also=====
{{Latn-script}}
* Other scripts: {{l|ru|г|gloss=ge}}, {{l|he|sc=Hebr|ג|tr=g|gloss=gimel}}, [[ʗ]]
* Letters and symbols with similar shapes: [[Ɔ]] (open O), {{l|ru|с|gloss=es}}
* For more variations, see [[Appendix:Variations of "c"]].
* {{l|mul|Appendix:Roman script}}
* {{pedia}}

====Symbol====
{{head|mul|symbol}}

# {{lb|mul|IPA}} [[voiceless]] [[palatal]] [[plosive]].
#: {{ng|May stand in for [[palatalized]] {{IPAfont|[kʲ]}}, {{IPAfont|[tʲ]}}, or as a more economical transcription of {{IPAfont|[t͜ʃ]}} or a similar ''ch''-like sound.}}
# {{lb|mul|NAPA|UPA}} the IPA [[affricate]] {{IPAfont|[t͜s]}}.
#: {{syn|mul|ȼ}}
# {{lb|mul|superscript {{angbr IPA|ᶜ}}|IPA}} {{IPAfont|[c]}}-[[onset]] ([[prestopping]] / [[preocclusion]] / [[preplosion]]), {{IPAfont|[c]}}-[[release]], {{IPAfont|[c]}}-coloring, or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic {{IPAfont|[c]}}.
# {{lb|mul|superscript {{angbr IPA|ᶜ}}}} {{ng|A common rendering of the Semitic [[ayin]], graphically resembling both Somali ''{{l|so|c}}'' and Semiticist ''[[ʿ|{{angbr|ʿ}}]]''.}}

=====Further reading=====
* {{pedia|lang=en|Voiceless palatal plosive}}

===Etymology 2===
Lower case form of upper case roman numeral [[C]], a standardization of {{m|mul|Ɔ}} and {{m|mul|C}} because the latter happens to be an abbreviation of {{der|mul|la|centum||hundred}}, from abbreviation of ƆIC, an alternative form of >I<, from tally stick markings resembling {{m|mul||Ж}} (a superimposed {{m|mul|X}} and {{m|mul|I}}), from the practice of designating each tenth X notch with an extra cut.

====Alternative forms====
* [[C]], [[c]], [[Ⅽ]], [[LL]], [[ll]], [[Ↄ]], [[ↄ]], [[ƆIC]], [[Ж]], >I<

====Numeral====
{{head|mul|numeral|lower case Roman numeral||upper case|C}}

# [[cardinal number]] one [[hundred]] (100).

=====Usage notes=====
With a bar over the numeral, i.e., as c̅, it represents one hundred thousand.

=====Derived terms=====
* English: [[c-note]]

=====See also=====
* Lesser roman numeral symbol: {{l|mul|l|gloss=50}}
* Greater roman numeral symbol: {{l|mul|d|gloss=500}}
* [[w:Roman numerals|Roman numerals]]

===Etymology 3===
From [[centi-]], from {{der|mul|la|centum||hundred}}.

====Symbol====
{{head|mul|symbol}}

# [[centi-]].

===Etymology 4===
From {{der|mul|la|celeritās||speed}}.

====Symbol====
{{head|mul|symbol}}

# {{senseid|mul|Q2111}} {{lb|mul|physics}} The [[speed of light#English:_Q2111|speed of light]] in a vacuum, 2.99792458 × 10<sup>8</sup> m/s.
# {{lb|mul|oceanography|meteorology}} The [[speed]] of a fluid [[wave]] (water or air).

===Etymology 5===
{{rfe|mul}}

====Symbol====
{{head|mul|symbol}}

# {{lb|mul|mathematics}} The [[space]] of [[convergent]] [[sequence]]s.

===Etymology 6===
From [[circle]] or [[circumference]]

====Symbol====
{{head|mul|symbol}}

# {{lb|mul|rare|superscript|trigonometry|maths}} [[radian]] {{gloss|angular unit}}
#: {{syn|mul|rad}}
#: {{uxi|mul|0.785'''<sup>c</sup>''' or 0.785rad are equivalent to 45°}}

====See also====
{{Letter|page=C
|NATO=Charlie
|Morse=–·–·
|Braille=⠃
}}

====Further reading====
* {{pedia|lang=en|Radian}}

=====Gallery=====
<gallery class="skin-invert-image" caption="Letter styles" perrow=3 mode=packed>
Image:Latin C.png|Uppercase and lowercase versions of '''C''', in normal and italic type
Image:Fraktur letter c.svg|Uppercase and lowercase '''C''' in [[Fraktur]]
</gallery>

[[Category:IPA symbols|C]]
{{C|mul|Hundred}}

==English==

===Etymology 1===
[[File:Runic letter kauna.png|class=skin-invert-image|50px|left|The k-rune ᚲ, an older version of Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚳ]]
[[File:Rune-Cen.png|class=skin-invert-image|Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚳ, which was later replaced by Latin ‘c’]] {{der|en|ang|-}} lower case letter {{m|ang|c}}, from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case {{m|la|c}} of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter {{m|mul|ᚳ|tr=c||cen}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{sense|letter name}} {{IPA|en|/siː/}} (usually spelled {{m|en|cee}})
:: {{audio|en|en-uk-c.ogg|a=UK}}
:: {{audio|en|en-us-c.ogg|a=US}}
:: {{rhymes|en|iː|s=1}}
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|en|/k/|/s/|/tʃ/}}, ...
* Usage notes: In English, c is usually pronounced as /k/ ("crack", "climb", "clone"), sometimes pronounced as /s/ ("cereal", "celebrity", "[[citron]]"), and rarely pronounced as /tʃ/ ("[[ciao]]", "[[cello]]", "[[vermicelli]]"). Sometimes c is pronounced as /tʃ/ due to {{w|List of English words of Italian origin|English words that came from Italian}}. (Italian has a rule that states that [[c#Italian|c before i or e is pronounced as /tʃ/]].[http://www.italymagazine.com/featured-story/how-pronounce-c-italian])

====Letter====
{{letter|en}}

# {{Latn-def|en|letter|3|cee}}

====Number====
{{numeral symbol|en}}

# {{Latn-def|en|ordinal|3|cee}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{col|en|abecedism|c-hole|a-c|c flat|c note|c sharp|c u l8r|c-command|c-decay|c-flat|c-sharp|c-word|ctrl-c|hard c|small-c conservative|soft c|c-ANCA|c-store|c-selection|c-machine}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/en}}

===Etymology 2===
Abbreviations.

====Preposition====
{{head|en|preposition}}

# {{alternative form of|en|c.}}

====Adverb====
{{head|en|adverb}}

# {{alternative form of|en|c.}}

====Noun====
{{head|en|noun}}

# {{alternative form of|en|c.}}

===Etymology 3===

====Noun====
{{en-noun|s|'s}}

# {{lb|en|music}} The middle tone in either one of the sets of seven white keys on a keyboard or a set of seven strings on a stringed instrument.

===Etymology 4===

====Verb====
{{head|en|verb}}

# {{senseid|en|see}}{{cln|en|gramograms}}{{lb|en|Internet slang|text messaging}} {{abbreviation of|en|see}}.
#: {{alti|en|C}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2011|month=January|author=Smita Kaushik; Utkarsh Roy|title=Let's Get Committed…|location=New Delhi|publisher=Mahaveer Publishers|isbn=9788183520157|page=31|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/letsgetcommitted0000smit/page/31/mode/1up?q=c|passage=Apurv replied, “Hello...nice to '''c''' u online!”}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:Josephine Angelini|title=[[w:Starcrossed (novel)#Dreamless|Dreamless]]|publisher=[[w:Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan Children’s Books]]|year=2012|isbn=978-1-4472-1602-5|passage='''C''' u 2nite as planned.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:Jessica Burkhart|title=Popular|publisher=Aladdin M!X, [[w:Simon & Schuster|Simon & Schuster Children’s Publishing Division]]|year=2012|page=158|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/popular0000burk/page/158/mode/1up?q=%22C+u+tmrw%22|isbn=978-1-4424-1951-3|passage=''Hey! Had fun talking 2 u 2day. '''C''' u tmrw.''}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{col|en|cul8r,c u l8r<t:see you later>}}

==Afar==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|aa|/ħ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|aa}}

# {{Latn-def|aa|letter|6}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/aa}}

==Albanian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|sq|/t͡s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|sq}}

# {{Latn-def|sq|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/sq}}
* {{qual|Arvanitic}} {{list:Greek script letters/aat}}

==Azerbaijani==

===Pronunciation===
* {{qualifier|phoneme}} {{IPA|az|[dʒ]|[dz]}} 
* {{qualifier|letter name}} {{IPA|az|[dʒe]|[dʒɯ]|[dze]|[dzɯ]}}

===Letter===
{{letter|az}}

# {{Latn-def|az|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/az}}

==Basque==

===Pronunciation===
{{eu-pr|raw:/k/<q:phoneme>,raw:/s̻/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|eu}}

# {{Latn-def|eu|letter|3|ze}}

====Usage notes====
* Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/eu}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:eu:EH}}

==Blin==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|byn|/ʕ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|byn}}

# {{Latn-def|byn|letter}}

==Catalan==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|letter name}} {{IPA|ca|/se/}}
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|ca|/k/|/s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|ca}}

# {{Latn-def|ca|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ca}}

==Central Mazahua==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|maz|/k/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|maz}}

# {{Latn-def|maz|letter}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/maz}}

==Comox==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|coo|/t͜s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|coo|type=nocase}}

# {{Latn-def|coo|letter}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/coo}}

==Czech==

===Letter===
{{letter|cs}}

# {{Latn-def|cs|letter|4}}

===See also===
{{list:Latin script letters/cs}}

==Danish==

===Letter===
{{letter|da}}

# {{Latn-def|da|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/da}}

==Dutch==

===Pronunciation===
* {{audio|nl|Nl-c.ogg}}
* {{sense|letter name}} {{IPA|nl|/seː/}}
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|nl|/s/|/k/|/tʃ/}}
* {{rhymes|nl|eː|s=1}}

===Letter===
{{letter|nl}}

# {{Latn-def|nl|letter|3}}

====Derived terms====
{{col|nl
|c-sleutel
}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/nl}}

==Esperanto==

===Pronunciation===
{{q|phoneme}} {{eo-pr|#,d͡z<q:before a voiced [[obstruent]]>|r=-|a=LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7-c.wav}}
{{q|letter}} {{eo-pr|'co|r=-|s=-|a=LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7-co.wav;LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-co.wav}}

===Letter===
{{letter|eo}}

# {{Latn-def|eo|letter|3|co}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/eo}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:eo:PIV 2020}}

==Estonian==
{{wp|et:}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{et-IPA|tsee}}

===Letter===
{{letter|et}}

# {{Latn-def|et|letter|3|tsee}}

====Usage notes====
* Used only in foreign words.

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/et}}

==Fijian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{qualifier|phoneme}} {{IPA|fj|/ð/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|fj}}

# {{Latn-def|fj|letter|3|ca}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/fj}}

===References===
* {{R:fj:Gatty:2009|ca̠|page=37}}

==Finnish==

===Etymology 1===
{{etymid|fi|letter}}
{{fi-ety-letter}}

====Pronunciation====
* {{s|sound}} {{IPA|fi|/s/}} {{q|generally, but depends on the word}}
{{fi-pronunciation|see|q1=name of letter|a=Fi-c.ogg|ac=Audio: {{m|fi|cee}}, {{m|fi|Cecilia}}, {{m|fi|Celsius}}, {{m|fi|cee}}}}

====Letter====
{{letter|fi}}

# {{Latn-def|fi|letter|3|see}}

=====Usage notes=====
* Used only in loanwords. In more established loanwords replaced with '''k''' or '''s'''.

=====See also=====
{{list:Latin script letters/fi}}

===Etymology 2===
{{etymid|fi|note}}
[[w:Musical note#Note names and their history|German musical notation]].

====Noun====
{{fi-noun}}

# {{lb|fi|music}} [[C]] {{gloss|note}}

=====Usage notes=====
{{U:fi:note capitalization}}

=====Declension=====
{{fi-decl-maa-dot|c|e|ä}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{col|fi|title=compounds
|C-duuri
|c-molli
}}

==French==

===Pronunciation===
* {{q|letter name}} {{fr-IPA|cé}}
* {{q|phoneme}} {{IPA|fr|/k/|/s/}}
* {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Jules78120-c.wav}}
* {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-c.wav|a=<<France>> (<<Somain>>)}}
* {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-c.wav|a=<<France>> (<<Vosges>>)}}

===Letter===
{{letter|fr}}

# {{Latn-def|fr|letter|3}}
#* {{quote-book|fr|year=1837|author=Louis Viardot|title=L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche|url=[s:fr: L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche{{!}}fr.Wikisource]|original=El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha|by=Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra|section=Chapter I|passage=Ave'''c''' '''c'''es propos et d’autres semblables, le pauvre gentilhomme perdait le jugement. Il passait les nuits et se donnait la torture pour les '''c'''omprendre, pour les approfondir, pour leur tirer le sens des entrailles, '''c'''e qu’Aristote lui-même n’aurait pu faire, s’il fût ressus'''c'''ité tout exprès pour '''c'''ela.|t=With these passages and other similar ones, the poor gentleman lost his judgement. He spent his nights and tortured himself to understand them, to '''c'''onsider them more deeply, to take from them their deepest meaning, whi'''c'''h Aristotle himself would not have been able to do, had he been resurre'''c'''ted for that very purpose.}}

===Contraction===
{{head|fr|contraction}}

# {{lb|fr|text messaging|internet slang}} {{form of|fr|Informal spelling|c'est}}
#: {{ux|fr|'''C''' nul ici sans George|It's rubbish here without George}}

==Fula==

===Pronunciation===
* {{q|phoneme}} {{IPA|ff|/tʃ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|ff}}

# {{Latn-def|ff|letter}}

====Usage notes====
* {{U:ff:common}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ff}}

==German==

===Letter===
{{letter|de}}

# {{Latn-def|de|letter|3|ce}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letters/de}}

===Noun===
{{de-noun|n,-,-:s}}

# {{alt case|de|C}}

====Declension====
{{de-ndecl|n,-,-:s}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:de:DWDS}}

==Heiltsuk==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|hei|/t͜sʰ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|hei}}

# {{Latn-def|hei|letter|8}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/hei}}

==Hungarian==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|hu|tz|q1=Protestant; obsolete|cz|q2=chiefly Catholic; archaic}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{hu-IPA}}
* {{sense|letter name}} {{hu-IPA|cé}}
* {{audio|hu|Hu-cé.ogg}}

===Letter===
{{letter|hu}}

# {{Latn-def|hu|letter|4|cé}}

====Declension====
{{hu-infl-nom|c-|e}}{{hu-pos-tek|c-}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|hu|c-moll}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/hu}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:ErtSz|1|sound, letter, item, or abbreviation|onlylink=y}}, {{R:ErtSz|2|musical note, its symbol or key/position|onlylink=y}}, {{R:ErtSz|3|interjection expressing surprise or disparagement|onlylink=y}}, {{R:ErtSz|4|interjection for calling cats|onlylink=y}}, {{R:ErtSz|5|interjection for calling pigs or horses}}
* {{R:Nagyszotar}}

==Ido==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|io|/ts/|a=context pronunciation}}
* {{IPA|io|/tse/|a=letter name}}

===Letter===
{{letter|io}}

# {{Latn-def|io|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/io}}

==Indonesian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|letter name}} {{IPA|id|/t͡ʃe/}} {{q|standard}}
* {{sense|letter name}} {{IPA|id|/se/}} {{q|variant|Dutch-influenced}}
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|id|/tʃ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|id}}

# {{Latn-def|id|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/id}}

==Interlingua==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|letter name}} {{IPA|ia|/tse/}}
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|ia|/k/}} before 'a'/'o'/'u', {{IPAchar|/ts/}} before 'i'/'e'/'y'

===Letter===
{{letter|ia}}

# {{Latn-def|ia|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ia}}

==Irish==

===Letter===
{{letter|ga}}

# {{Latn-def|ga|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ga}}

==Italian==

===Letter===
{{letter|it}}

# {{Latn-def|it|letter|3|ci}}

==Japanese==

===Alternative forms===
* {{ja-r|linkto=©|rom=-|{{ruby|[©️](ちゃん)}}}}

===Etymology===
Short of {{ja-r|ちゃん}}.

===Suffix===
{{ja-pos|suffix|ちゃん}}

# {{lb|ja|teen girl's|_|slang}} {{alternative spelling of|ja|ちゃん|tr=chan}}

====Related terms====
* {{ja-r|s|さん}}

{{cln|ja|terms written in foreign scripts}}

==Kankanaey==

===Etymology 1===
{{bor+|kne|tl|c}}. Letter pronunciation is influenced by {{der|kne|en|c}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{kne-pr|si<a:letter>|k<a:phoneme>}}

====Letter====
{{kne-head|letter}}

# {{Latn-def|kne|letter|3|si}}

=====See also=====
{{list:Latin script letters/kne}}

===Etymology 2===
[[homophonous|Homophonous]] to {{m|kne|si}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{kne-pr|si}}

====Particle====
{{kne-head|particle}}

# {{lb|kne|texting}} {{abbr of|kne|si}}

===References===
* {{R:kne:Ortograpiya 2016|page=10-11}}

==Kashubian==

===Etymology===
{{csb-ety-letter}}

===Letter===
{{letter|csb}}

# {{Latn-def|csb|letter|5|}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/csb}}

==Klallam==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|clm|/t͡s/}}

===Letter===
{{head|clm|letter}}

# {{Latn-def|clm|letter|3}}

===See also===
{{list:Latin script letters/clm}}

==Kwak'wala==

===Alternative forms===
* {{angbr|{{l|kwk|ts}}}} in Uʼmista orthography (standard Kwakʼwala)

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|kwk|/t͜s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|kwk}}

# {{lb|kwk|Liqʼwala dialect}} {{Latn-def|kwk|letter}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/kwk}}

==Latin==

===Letter===
{{letter|la}}

# {{Latn-def|la|letter|3|addl=representing the sound /k/}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/la}}

==Latvian==
{{wp|lv:}}

===Etymology===
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by [[w:Kārlis Mīlenbahs|K. Mīlenbahs]], which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German [[Fraktur]], and sporadically in [[Cyrillic]].

===Pronunciation===
* {{q|phoneme}} {{lv-IPA|ts}}
* {{audio|lv|lv-riga-c.ogg}}

===Letter===
[[File:Latin alphabet Cc.svg|class=skin-invert-image|thumb|200px|C]]
{{letter|lv}}

# {{Latn-def|lv|letter|4|cē}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/lv}}

==Lower Sorbian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|dsb|/t͡s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|dsb}}

# {{Latn-def|dsb|letter|3|cej}}

===See also===
* {{see-temp|list:Latin script letters/dsb}}

==Lushootseed==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|lut|/t͡s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|lut}}

# {{Latn-def|lut|letter|5}}

===See also===
{{list:Latin script letters/lut}}

==Luxembourgish==

===Letter===
{{letter|lb}}

# {{Latn-def|lb|letter|3}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letters/lb}}

==Malay==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|ms|/tʃ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|ms}}

# {{Latn-def|ms|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ms}}

==North Frisian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|frr|[ç]|[x]|aa=in ''ch''}}

===Letter===
{{letter|frr}}

# {{Latn-def|frr|letter}}

====Usage notes====
* The letter occurs only in ⟨{{l|frr||ch}}⟩. This digraph is pronounced as in German, thus {{IPAchar|[x]}} after [[back vowel]]s, otherwise {{IPAchar|[ç]}}. The same sound is also represented by ⟨{{l|frr|g}}⟩ in some positions (see there). Moreover, ⟨{{l|frr|j}}⟩ becomes {{IPAchar|[ç]}} prevocalically <u>after</u> voiceless [[obstruent]]s, whereas ⟨{{l|frr|r}}⟩ may become {{IPAchar|[x]}} <u>before</u> voiceless [[stop]]s.
* The trigraph ⟨{{l|frr||sch}}⟩ represents {{IPAchar|[ʃ]}}. Chiefly in Sylt Frisian, ⟨{{l|frr|s|sj}}⟩ is used instead.

===See also===
* {{sense|North Frisian letters}} {{l|frr|[[a]], [[ä]], [[å]], [[ā]], [[b]], [[c]], [[d]], [[đ]], [[e]], [[ē]], [[f]], [[g]], [[h]], [[i]], [[j]], [[k]], [[l]], [[m]], [[n]], [[o]], [[ö]], [[p]], [[r]], [[s]], [[t]], [[u]], [[ü]], [[v]], [[w]] ([[q]], [[x]], [[y]], [[z]])}}

==Norwegian Bokmål==
{{wp|nb:}}
[[File:Latin alphabet Cc.svg|class=skin-invert-image|250px|thumb|The letter [[C]], [[c]] from the Norwegian alphabet, in two different fonts.]]

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|nb|C}}

===Etymology 1===
From {{der|nb|la|c}}, from the uppercase letter {{m|la|C}}, from Etruscan {{der|nb|ett|𐌂}}, from {{der|nb|grc|Γ||Gamma}}, from {{der|nb|phn|𐤂||gimel}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|nb|/seː/|a=letter name}}
* {{IPA|nb|/s/|/k/|/tʃ/|/ʃ/|a=phoneme}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-se.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|nb|eː}}
* {{hyph|nb|c}}
* {{homophones|nb|C|se}}
* Usage notes: In Norwegian, c is pronounced as /k/ before the vowel letters ''a'', ''o'', and ''u'', as well as all consonants  ("[[campus]]", "[[corner]]", "[[cue]]", "[[credo]]"), it is pronounced as /s/ before the vowel letters ''i'', ''e'', ''y'' and ''æ'' ("[[cicerone]]", "[[cellete]]", "[[cyste]]", [[cæsar]]), and rarely pronounced as /tʃ/ or /ʃ/ in some Italian loanwords ("[[cembalo]]", "[[ciabatta]]", "[[cello]]").

====Letter====
{{letter|nb}}

# {{Latn-def|nb|letter|3}}

=====See also=====
{{list:Latin script letters/nb}}

====Noun====
{{nb-noun-m1|c-}}

# the letter {{l|en|c}}, the third letter of the Norwegian alphabet
# indicates the [[#English|third]] entry in a [[list]], [[order]] or [[rank]]
#* {{quote-book|nb|year=1857|author=w:Henrik Wergeland|title=Samlede Skrifter VIII|page=515|passage=[jeg har] allerede sagt A. Traditionen vil nok lægge B. og C. til|t=[I have] already said A. Tradition will probably add B. and C. to}}
#* {{quote-book|nb|year=1939|author=w:Knut Hamsun|title=Artikler|page=100|passage=historie er, hvad A mener til forskel fra B, og hvad C igen mener til forskel fra A og B|t=history is what A means as a difference from B, and what C in turn means as a difference from A and B}}
# {{lb|nb|music}} [[#English|C]], [[#English|c-note]]  {{q|the first note in the C chromatic and major scales; the lowest note of an instrument, written below the staff and the D note}}
#: {{ux|nb|den høye '''C'''|high '''C'''|inline=1}}
#* {{quote-book|nb|year=1997|author=w:Tove Nilsen|title=G for Georg|page=42|passage=så gal at man virkelig tror at svaler er g-nøkler og bass-nøkler og a’er og c’er som svever rundt hverandre og lager konsert i himmelen|t=so crazy that you really think swallows are g-keys and bass-keys and a's and c's floating around each other and making a concert in the sky}}
#* {{quote-book|nb|year=1939|author=w:Knut Hamsun|title=Artikler|page=100|passage=[de] larmet ikke og gik ikke og tok det høie C|t=[they] did not make noise and did not go and did the high C}}
#* {{quote-book|nb|year=1999|author=Børre Qvamme|title=Opera, operette og ballett gjennom tidene|page=70|passage=Duprez vakte sensasjon ved sine ut de poitrine, høy c tatt som brysttone|t=Duprez aroused sensation by his out de poitrine, high c taken as chest tone}}
#* {{quote-book|nb|year=2000|author=w:Pål Gerhard Olsen|title=Fredstid|page=|passage=han gjør stolen hennes tobent så hun når den høye c av forskrekkelse|t=he makes her chair two-legged so she reaches the high c out of fright}}
# {{lb|nb|grammar}} {{abbreviation of|nb|[[genus|genus commune]]}}

====Usage notes====
* Only used in words of foreign origin, usually English. Even rare in loanwords, as this letter does not represent a sound of its own.
* Still kept in many Christian names, therefore Caroline and Karoline are both acceptable spellings.

===Etymology 2===
Abbreviation of {{m|nb|centi-||centi-}}, from {{bor|nb|la|centum||hundred}}, from {{der|nb|itc-pro|*kəntom||hundred}}, from {{der|nb|ine-pro|*ḱm̥tóm||hundred}}, from {{m|ine-pro|*déḱm̥||ten}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|nb|/seː/|/ˈsɛntɪ/}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-se.ogg}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-centi-.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|nb|eː|ɛntɪ}}
* {{hyph|nb|c}}
* {{homophones|nb|C|se|centi-}}

====Symbol====
{{head|nb|symbol}}

# {{abbreviation of|nb|centi-}}

===Etymology 3===
Abbreviation of {{m|nb|cent}}, from {{bor|nb|en|cent}}, from {{der|nb|enm|cent}}, from {{der|nb|fro|cent||one hundred}}, from {{der|nb|la|centum||hundred}}, from {{der|nb|itc-pro|*kəntom||hundred}}, from {{der|nb|ine-pro|*ḱm̥tóm||hundred}}, from {{m|ine-pro|*déḱm̥||ten}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|nb|/seː/|/sɛnt/}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-se.ogg}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-sendt.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|nb|eː|ɛnt}}
* {{hyph|nb|c}}
* {{homophones|nb|C|se|cent|sendt}}

====Symbol====
{{head|nb|symbol}}

# {{abbreviation of|nb|cent}}

===Etymology 4===
Abbreviation of {{m|nb|centime}}, from {{bor|nb|fr|centime}}, from {{m|fr|cent||hundred}}, from {{der|nb|frm|cent}}, from {{der|nb|fro|cent||hundred}}, from {{der|nb|la|centum||hundred}}, from {{der|nb|itc-pro|*kəntom||hundred}}, from {{der|nb|ine-pro|*ḱm̥tóm||hundred}}, from {{m|ine-pro|*déḱm̥||ten}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|nb|/seː/|/saŋˈtiːm/}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-se.ogg}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-centime.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|nb|eː|iːm}}
* {{hyph|nb|c}}
* {{homophones|nb|C|se|centime}}

====Symbol====
{{head|nb|symbol}}

# {{abbreviation of|nb|centime}}

===Etymology 5===
Abbreviation of {{m|nb|centavo}}, from {{bor|nb|es|centavo}} (from {{m|es|ciento}}, from {{der|nb|osp|-}}) and {{bor|nb|pt|centavo}} (from {{m|pt|cento}}, from {{der|nb|roa-opt|cento}}), both stemming from {{der|nb|la|centum||hundred}}, from {{der|nb|itc-pro|*kəntom||hundred}}, from {{der|nb|ine-pro|*ḱm̥tóm||hundred}}, from {{m|ine-pro|*déḱm̥||ten}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|nb|/seː/|/sɛnˈtɑːʋʊ/}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-se.ogg}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-centavo.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|nb|eː|ɑːʋʊ}}
* {{hyph|nb|c}}
* {{homophones|nb|C|se|centavo}}

====Symbol====
{{head|nb|symbol}}

# {{abbreviation of|nb|centavo}}

===Etymology 6===
{{root|nb|ine-pro|*kʷel-}}
Abbreviation of {{m|nb|cykel}}, from {{bor|nb|grc|κῠ́κλος}}, from {{der|nb|ine-pro|*kʷékʷlos||circle, wheel}}, from {{m|ine-pro|*kʷel-||to turn}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|nb|/seː/|/ˈsyːkəl/}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-se.ogg}}
* {{audio|nb|Nb-cykel.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|nb|eː|əl}}
* {{hyph|nb|c}}
* {{homophones|nb|C|cykel}}

====Symbol====
{{head|nb|symbol}}

# {{lb|nb|physics}} {{abbreviation of|nb|cykel}}

===References===
* {{R:nb:OB}}
* {{R:nb:NAOB}}
* “[http://www.snl.no/C_-_bokstav C (Bokstav)]” in ''Store norske leksikon''
* “[http://www.snl.no/c_-_forkortelse C (Forkortelse)]” in ''Store norske leksikon''
* “[http://www.snl.no/c_-_tone C (Tone)]” in ''Store norske leksikon''
* “[http://www.snl.no/c_-_mynter C (Mynter)]” in ''Store norske leksikon''

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|nb|C}}

{{cln|nb|eponyms}}
{{C|nb|Linguistics|Schools}}

==Norwegian Nynorsk==

===Letter===
{{letter|nn}}

# {{Latn-def|nn|letter|3}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letters/nn}}

===Noun===
{{nn-noun-m1|c-}}

# the letter {{l|en|C}}

===References===
* {{R:nn:OB}}

==Nupe==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|nup|/t͡ʃ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|nup}}

# {{Latn-def|nup|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/nup}}

==Nuxalk==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|blc|/ç/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|blc}}

# {{Latn-def|blc|letter|3}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letters/blc}}

==Old English==

===Pronunciation===
* {{ang-IPA|c}}, {{ang-IPA|ċ}}

===Letter===
{{letter|ang}}

# {{Latn-def|ang|letter|addl=representing {{IPAchar|/k/}} and {{IPAchar|/tʃ/}}}}

==O'odham==

===Verb===
{{head|ood|verb form}}

# {{altform|ood|'ac}}

====See also====
{{ood-auxiliary}}

==Oromo==

===Pronunciation===
{{om-IPA|ca}}
{{om-syllables|ca}}
**{{audio|om|Om-c.ogg}}

===Letter===
{{letter|om}}

# {{Latn-def|om|letter|3}}

==Polish==

===Etymology===
{{ety|pl|id=letter}}
{{pl-ety-letter}}

===Pronunciation===
{{pl-pr|ce|h=-|r=-|a=LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-c.wav}}

===Letter===
{{letter|pl}}

# {{Latn-def|pl|letter|4|ce}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/pl}}

==Portuguese==

===Etymology 1===

====Pronunciation====
* {{qualifier|phoneme; before ''a'', ''o'', ''u'' and other consonants}} {{IPA|pt|/k/}}
* {{qualifier|phoneme; before ''e'' and ''i''}} {{IPA|pt|/s/}}
* {{q|letter name}} {{IPA|pt|/ˈse/}}

====Letter====
{{letter|pt}}

# {{Latn-def|pt|letter|3|cê}}

=====See also=====
{{list:Latin script letters/pt}}

===Etymology 2===

====Pronunciation====
{{pt-IPA|cê}}

====Pronoun====
{{pt-pron|mfbysense|pl=6}}

# {{lb|pt|Brazil|Internet slang|text messaging}} {{abbreviation of|pt|cê||you}}

===Etymology 3===

====Preposition====
{{head|pt|preposition}}

# {{lb|pt|text messaging}} {{abbreviation of|pt|com}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:pt:Aulete}}
* {{R:pt:Priberam}}

==Romagnol==

===Letter===
{{letter|rgn}}

# {{Latn-def|rgn|letter|3|cé}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/rgn}}

==Romani==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|rom|/t͡s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|rom}}

# {{Latn-def|rom|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/rom}}

===References===
* {{R:NERG|C, c|page=13}}

==Romanian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ro|/k/|/tʃ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|ro}}

# {{Latn-def|ro|letter|5|ce|cî}}

====Usage notes====
See {{m|ro|C}} for pronunciation notes.

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/ro}}

==Sarikoli==

===Pronunciation===
{{srh-IPA}}

===Letter===
{{letter|srh}}

# {{Latn-def|srh|letter|3}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letters/srh}}

==Scottish Gaelic==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|gd|/kʰ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|gd}}

# {{Latn-def|gd|letter|3|prec=b|foll=d|addl=; traditionally named {{l|gd|coll|t=hazel}}}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/gd}}

==Serbo-Croatian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{qualifier|phoneme}} {{sh-IPA|c}}

===Letter===
{{letter|sh|Cyrl:ц}}

# {{Latn-def|sh|letter|3|alphvar={{l|sh|gajica}}|prec=b|foll=č}}

==Silesian==

===Etymology===
{{szl-ety-letter}}

===Letter===
{{letter|szl}}

# {{Latn-def|szl|letter|4}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/szl}}

==Skolt Sami==

===Pronunciation===
* {{q|phoneme}} {{IPA|sms|/t͡s/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|sms}}

# {{Latn-def|sms|letter|4}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/sms}}

==Slovak==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sk-IPA}}

===Letter===
{{letter|sk}}

# {{Latn-def|sk|letter|5}}

===See also===
{{list:Latin script letters/sk}}

==Slovene==

===Alternative forms===
* {{l|sl|ƞ}} ([[wikipedia:Metelko_alphabet|Metelko alphabet]])
* {{l|sl|z}} ([[wikipedia:Bohorič_alphabet|Bohorič alphabet]])

===Etymology===
From Gaj's Latin alphabet {{m|sh|c}}, from Czech alphabet {{m|cs|c}}, from latin {{m|la|c}}, which is a modification of upper case letter {{m|mul|C}}, from Etruscan {{m|ett|𐌂}}, from Ancient Greek {{m|grc|Γ||Gamma}}, from Phoenician {{m|phn|𐤂||gimel}}. Pronunciation as {{IPAchar|/cə/}} is initial Slovene (phoneme plus a fill vowel) and the second pronunciation is probably taken from {{der|sl|de|c}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{qualifier|phoneme}}: {{IPA|sl|/t͡s/|[d͡z]}}
* {{qualifier|letter name}}: {{sl-IPA|cə̏|cẹ̄}}
* {{audio|sl|Sl-nt-c.ogg|q=letter name, non-tonal}}
* {{rhymes|sl|ə|eː}}

===Letter===
{{letter|sl}}

# {{Latn-def|sl|letter|3}}
# {{Latn-def|sl|letter|4|alphvar=Resian}}
# {{Latn-def|sl|letter|3|alphvar=Natisone Valley dialect}}

===Symbol===
{{head|sl|symbols}}

# {{qualifier|[[wikipedia:Slovene_national_phonetic_transcription|SNPT]]}} ''[[phonetic|Phonetic]] [[transcription]] of sound'' [{{IPAlink|t͡s}}].

===Noun===
{{sl-noun|c|m-in}}

# {{ng|The name of the [[Appendix:Latin script|Latin script]] letter '''''[[C]]''''' / '''''[[c]]'''''.}}
# {{lb|sl|linguistics}} {{ng|The name of the [[phoneme]] ''/{{IPAlink|t͡s}}/''.}}

====Declension====
* Overall more common
{{sl-decl-noun-m|c|c-j}}

* More common when with a definite adjective
{{sl-decl-noun-table2|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|title=Masculine inan., no endings}}

====Derived terms====
{{col4|sl|č|ć|ċ}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/sl}}
* {{l|sl|ć}}
* {{l|sl|ċ}}

====Further reading====
* {{R:sl:Fran}}

==Somali==

===Etymology===
From superscript [[ᶜ]], a manual-typewriter approximation of [[ʿ]].

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|so|/ʕ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|so}}

# {{Latn-def|so|letter|12|cayn}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/so}}

==Spanish==

===Pronunciation===
{{es-pr|k<q:phoneme>,z|cé<q:letter name><audio:letter c es es.flac<a:Spain>>}}

===Letter===
{{letter|es}}

# {{Latn-def|es|letter|3}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|es|pronoun}}

# {{lb|es|texting|seseo}} {{nstd form|es|se}}

===Verb===
{{head|es|verb form}}

# {{lb|es|texting|seseo}} {{nstd form|es|sé}}

==Swedish==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|letter name}} {{IPA|sv|/seː/}}
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|sv|/s/|/k/}}

===Etymology 1===
See the etymology at [[#Translingual]].

====Letter====
{{letter|sv}}

# {{Latn-def|sv|letter|3}}

===Etymology 2===
Abbreviations.

====Proper noun====
{{sv-proper noun|n|c\:s}}

# {{abbreviation of|sv|Centerpartiet||[[w:Centre Party (Sweden)|Centre Party]]}}
#: {{ux|sv|Anna Anderson ('''c''')|Anna Anderson ([of the] '''Centre Party''')}}

=====Alternative forms=====
* {{alt|sv|C}}

====Noun====
{{sv-noun}}

# {{abbreviation of|sv|centrum||city centre}}
# {{abbreviation of|sv|centralstation||central station}}
#: {{ux|sv|Stockholm '''C'''|Stockholm '''Central Station'''}}

{{C|sv|Politics}}

==Tagalog==

===Etymology 1===
{{bor+|tl|es|c}}. Each pronunciation has a different source:
* Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by {{der|tl|en|c}}.
* Abecedario pronunciation is from {{der|tl|es|c}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{tl-pr
|sí<qq:letter name, Filipino alphabet>
|sé<qq:letter name, Abecedario>
|+<qq:phoneme>
|s<qq:phoneme, before vowels e and i>
}}

====Letter====
{{letter|tl}}

# {{tl-letter def|3|si|alph=fil}}
# {{lb|tl|historical}} {{tl-letter def|3|ce|alph=abec}}

=====Usage notes=====
* This letter is mostly used only in Spanish-based spellings, proper nouns, or unadapted loanwords.

=====See also=====
{{list:Latin script letters/tl}}
* {{l|tl|ch}}

===Etymology 2===
{{bor+|tl|en|c|tr=[[cee]]}}, [[homophonous]] to {{m|tl|si}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{tl-pr|si}}

====Particle====
{{tl-head|particle|b=si}}

# {{lb|tl|texting}} {{abbr of|tl|si}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:Pambansang Diksiyonaryo}}

==Turkish==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|phoneme}} {{IPA|tr|/d͡ʒ/}}
* {{sense|letter name}} {{IPA|tr|/d͡ʒeː/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|tr}}

# {{Latn-def|tr|letter|3|ce}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/tr}}

==Vietnamese==

===Pronunciation===
{{vi-IPA|xê|cờ}}

===Letter===
{{letter|vi}}

# {{Latn-def|vi|letter|5|xê|cờ}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/vi}}

===Pronoun===
{{vi-pronoun}}

# {{lb|vi|slang|Internet|text messaging}} {{abbreviation of|vi|cậu}}
# {{lb|vi|slang|Internet|text messaging}} {{abbreviation of|vi|chị}}

{{cln|vi|1-letter abbreviations}}

==Welsh==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|cy|/ɛk/|a=standard}}
** {{IPA|cy|/kə/|a=informal}}

===Letter===
{{letter|cy}}

# {{Latn-def|cy|letter|3|ec|prec=b|foll=ch}}

===See also===
{{list:Latin script letters/cy}}

===Mutation===
* c at the beginning of words mutates to {{l|cy|g}} in a {{l|en|soft mutation}}, to {{l|cy|ng}}{{l|cy|h}} in a {{l|en|nasal mutation}} and to {{l|cy|ch}} in an {{l|en|aspirate mutation}}, for example with the word {{m|cy|cath||cat}}:
{{cy-mut|cath}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:cy:GPC}}

==Xhosa==

===Pronunciation===
* {{q|phoneme}} {{IPA|xh|/ǀ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|xh}}

# {{Latn-def|xh|letter}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/xh}}

==Zulu==

===Pronunciation===
* {{q|phoneme}} {{IPA|zu|/ǀ/}}

===Letter===
{{letter|zu}}

# {{Latn-def|zu|letter|3}}

====See also====
{{list:Latin script letters/zu}}