Samarium(III) sulfate

Samarium(III) sulfate
Names
	Other names Disamarium trisulfate;
Identifiers
CAS Number	anhydrous: 13692-98-3; octahydrate: 13465-58-2;
3D model (JSmol)	anhydrous: Interactive image; octahydrate: Interactive image;
ChemSpider	anhydrous: 146014;
ECHA InfoCard	100.154.513
EC Number	anhydrous: 237-211-4; octahydrate: 626-078-1;
PubChem CID	anhydrous: 166884; octahydrate: 71311263;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID70890713 ;
	InChI anhydrous: InChI=1S/3H2O4S.2Sm/c31-5(2,3)4;;/h3(H2,1,2,3,4);;/q;;;2+3/p-6 Key: LVSITDBROURTQX-UHFFFAOYSA-H; octahydrate: InChI=1S/3H2O4S.8H2O.2Sm/c31-5(2,3)4;;;;;;;;;;/h3(H2,1,2,3,4);81H2;;/q;;;;;;;;;;;2*+3/p-6 Key: SICAFVHZPBSARB-UHFFFAOYSA-H;
	SMILES anhydrous: [O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Sm+3].[Sm+3]; octahydrate: O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Sm+3].[Sm+3];
Properties
Chemical formula	Sm2(SO4)3
Molar mass	588.89 g·mol−1
Appearance	white solid
Density	2.92 g/cm3
Melting point	450 °C (842 °F; 723 K) (dehydrates to anhydrous form)
Solubility in water	4.4 g/100 mL (25 °C); 1.99 g/100 mL (40 °C); (octahydrate)
Structure
Crystal structure	monoclinic (octahydrate)
Space group	C2/c (No. 15)
Lattice constant	a = 13.43 Å, b = 6.72 Å, c = 18.13 Å α = 90°, β = 102.8°, γ = 90°
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms	‹ The template below (GHS exclamation mark) is being considered for merging with GHS pictogram. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus. ›
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Samarium(III) sulfate is a samarium compound with the chemical formula Sm₂(SO₄)₃. A hygroscopic white octahydrate exists as well as a pentahydrate.

Properties

The octahydrate exhibits mechanoluminescence under ultrasonic action.^[4]

Structure

The octahydrate forms monoclinic crystals (space group C2/c (No. 15)).^[2] The pentahydrate has the same space group and the following cell parameters: a = 15.653 Å, b = 9.5369 Å, c = 10.199 Å, β = 120.36°, V = 1313.9 Å³, Z = 1).^[5]

Preparation

Samarium(III) sulfate can be prepared by treating samarium oxide with sulfuric acid.^[5]

Reactions

The hydrated compound dehydrates between 100 °C and 300 °C. The anhydrous compound decomposes at approximately 700 °C forming the oxysulfate (Sm₂O₂SO₄). Upon further heating, the oxysulfate decomposes to samarium oxide above 1210 °C.^[6]

Samarium oxysulfide (Sm₂O₂S) can be obtained by the reduction of samarium sulfate with hydrogen at 700 °C.^[7]

Related compounds

Several samarium double sulfates have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction; for example, ammonium samarium sulfate tetrahydrate (NH₄Sm(SO₄)₂·H₂O).^[8]

Several organic amine templated samarium sulfates have also been characterized.^[9]

Samarium(II) sulfate

Samarium(II) sulfate is unstable. An orange suspension of samarous sulfate can be obtained by treating aqueous samarium chloride containing 5-10% ethanol with magnesium and a little sulfuric acid.^[10]

References

↑ Perry, Dale L. (2016-04-19). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 355. ISBN 978-1-4398-1462-8.
1 2 3 Podberezskaya, N. V.; Borisov, S. V. (Jan 1976). "Refinement of the crystal structure of Sm2(SO4)3−d8H2O". Journal of Structural Chemistry. 17 (1): 164–165. doi:10.1007/BF00748418. ISSN 0022-4766.
↑ PubChem. "Sulfuric acid, samarium(3+) salt (3:2)". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-05-26.
↑ Tukhbatullin, Adis A.; Sharipov, Glyus L. (2023-09-01). "Mechanoluminescence of samarium(III) sulfate crystals activated by ultrasound". Optical Materials. 143 114253. Bibcode:2023OptMa.14314253T. doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2023.114253. ISSN 0925-3467.
1 2 Li, Ming; Wang, Xiaofei; Mao, Chunyan (2024-04-25). "The crystal structure of samarium sulfate pentahydrate, Sm 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (H 2 O) 5". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures. 239 (2): 201–203. doi:10.1515/ncrs-2023-0480. ISSN 1433-7266.
↑ Poston, James A.; Siriwardane, Ranjani V.; Fisher, Edward P.; Miltz, Angela L. (May 2003). "Thermal decomposition of the rare earth sulfates of cerium(III), cerium(IV), lanthanum(III) and samarium(III)". Applied Surface Science. 214 (1–4): 83–102. Bibcode:2003ApSS..214...83P. doi:10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00358-1. OSTI 1782601.
↑ Denisenko, Yu. G.; Sal’nikova, E. I.; Basova, S. A.; Molokeev, M. S.; Krylov, A. S.; Aleksandrovsky, A. S.; Oreshonkov, A. S.; Atuchin, V. V.; Volkova, S. S.; Khritokhin, N. A.; Andreev, O. V. (2020-03-14). "Synthesis of Samarium OxysulfateSm2O2SO4 in the High-Temperature Oxidation Reaction and Its Structural, Thermal and Luminescent Properties". Molecules. 25 (6): 1330. doi:10.3390/molecules25061330. ISSN 1420-3049. PMC 7144115. PMID 32183320.
↑ Eriksson, Birgitta.; Larsson, Lars O.; Niinisto, Lauri.; Skoglund, Ulf. (1974-02-01). "Crystal structure of ammonium samarium sulfate tetrahydrate". Inorganic Chemistry. 13 (2): 290–295. doi:10.1021/ic50132a008. ISSN 0020-1669.
↑ Zhang, Deng; Zheng, Lei; Qiu, Xinmin; Xu, Yan; Fu, Jie; Zhu, Dunru (2011-12-08). "Structural systematic design of organic templated samarium sulfates and their luminescence property". RSC Advances. 2 (1): 217–225. doi:10.1039/C1RA00749A. ISSN 2046-2069.
↑ Clifford, A. F.; Beachell, H. C. (1948-08-01). "The Chemical Isolation of Samarium from Lanthanide Mixtures1". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 70 (8): 2730–2731. Bibcode:1948JAChS..70.2730C. doi:10.1021/ja01188a029. ISSN 0002-7863.