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List of governors of Mississippi

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Governor of Mississippi
Seal of Mississippi
Incumbent
Tate Reeves
since January 14, 2020
Style
Status
ResidenceMississippi Governor's Mansion
Term length
  • Four years, renewable once
FormationConstitution of Mississippi
First holderWinthrop Sargent
SuccessionLine of succession
DeputyLieutenant Governor of Mississippi
Salary$122,160[1]
Websitegovernor.ms.gov

The governor of Mississippi is the head of government of Mississippi. The Constitution of Mississippi, ratified in 1890, calls for a four-year term for the governor,[2] elected via the two-round system since a 2020 referendum.[3] Prior to this, the governor was elected by an electoral college composed of the districts represented in the Mississippi House of Representatives, with a contingent election held in the House in the event no candidate received a majority of district electors.[4] The term length was originally two years,[5] with no limit on how many terms they could serve. The 1832 constitution limited governors to serving no more than four out of every six years.[6] When terms were lengthened to four years in 1868,[7] this limit was removed. The 1890 constitution forbid governors from succeeding themselves,[2] but a 1986 amendment allows them to succeed themselves once.[8] The office of the lieutenant governor was created in the 1817 constitution,[9] abolished in 1832,[10] and recreated in 1868.[11] When the office of governor becomes vacant for any reason, the lieutenant governor exercises the powers of governor for the remainder of the term.[12] The governor and the lieutenant governor are not officially elected on the same ticket.

The current governor is Republican Tate Reeves, who took office January 14, 2020.

List of governors

[edit]

Mississippi Territory

[edit]

Mississippi Territory was organized on April 7, 1798, from land ceded to the federal government by Georgia.[13] It had four governors appointed by the president of the United States during its 19-year history, including one, David Holmes, who would later serve as state governor.

Governors of the Territory of Mississippi
No. Governor Term in office[a] Appointed by
1 Winthrop Sargent
(1753–1820)
[14]		 May 7, 1798[b]
–
May 25, 1801
(1114 days; replaced)		 John Adams
2 William C. C. Claiborne
(d. 1817)
[19]		 May 25, 1801[c]
–
March 2, 1805
(1378 days; replaced)		 Thomas Jefferson
3 Robert Williams
(1770–1836)
[24]		 March 2, 1805[d]
–
March 7, 1809
(1467 days; replaced)		 Thomas Jefferson
4 David Holmes
(1769–1832)
[29][30][31]		 March 7, 1809[e]
–
October 7, 1817
(3137 days; elected
state governor)		 James Madison

State of Mississippi

[edit]

Mississippi was admitted to the Union on December 10, 1817.[37] It seceded from the Union on January 9, 1861,[38] and was a founding member of the Confederate States of America on February 4, 1861.[39] During the Reconstruction era following the end of the American Civil War, Mississippi was part of the Fourth Military District, which exerted some control over governor appointments and elections. Mississippi was readmitted to the Union on February 23, 1870.[40]

Governors of the State of Mississippi
No. Governor Term in office Party Election Lt. Governor[f][g]
1 David Holmes
(1769–1832)
[29][30][31]		 October 7, 1817[41]
–
January 5, 1820
(821 days; retired)		 Democratic-
Republican[42]		 1817 Duncan Stewart
2 George Poindexter
(1779–1853)
[43][44]		 January 5, 1820[45]
–
January 7, 1822
(734 days; retired)		 Democratic-
Republican[42]		 1819 James Patton
3 Walter Leake
(1762–1825)
[46][47]		 January 7, 1822[41]
–
November 17, 1825
(1411 days; died in office)		 Democratic-
Republican[42]		 1821 David C. Dickson
1823 Gerard Brandon
4 Gerard Brandon
(1788–1850)
[48][49]		 November 17, 1825[41]
–
January 7, 1826
(52 days; retired)		 Democratic-
Republican[42]		 Lieutenant
governor
acting		 Acting as governor
5 David Holmes
(1769–1832)
[29][30][31]		 January 7, 1826[50]
–
July 25, 1826
(200 days; resigned)[h]		 Democratic-
Republican[42]		 1825 Gerard Brandon
6 Gerard Brandon
(1788–1850)
[48][49]		 July 25, 1826[51]
–
January 9, 1832
(1995 days; retired)		 Democratic-
Republican[42]		 Lieutenant
governor
acting		 Acting as governor
1827 Abram M. Scott[i]
1829
7 Abram M. Scott
(1785–1833)
[52][53]		 January 9, 1832[41]
–
June 12, 1833
(521 days; died in office)[j]		 National
Republican[42]		 1831 Fountain Winston[k]
(office abolished
October 26, 1832)
Office did not exist
8 Charles Lynch
(1783–1853)
[54][55]		 June 12, 1833[41]
–
November 21, 1833
(163 days; retired)		 Whig[l] President of
the Senate
acting
9 Hiram Runnels
(1796–1857)
[57][58]		 November 21, 1833[m]
–
November 21, 1835
(731 days; lost election)[n]		 Democratic[56] 1833
10 John A. Quitman
(1798–1858)
[61][62]		 December 3, 1835[63]
–
January 7, 1836
(36 days; retired)		 Democratic[56] President of
the Senate
acting
11 Charles Lynch
(1783–1853)
[54][55]		 January 7, 1836[64]
–
January 8, 1838
(733 days; retired)		 Whig[56] 1835
12 Alexander McNutt
(1802–1848)
[65][66]		 January 8, 1838[67]
–
January 9, 1842
(1463 days; term-limited)[o][p]		 Democratic[56] 1837
1839
13 Tilghman Tucker
(1802–1859)
[69][70]		 January 10, 1842[68]
–
January 10, 1844
(731 days; retired)[q]		 Democratic[56] 1841
14 Albert G. Brown
(1813–1880)
[71][72]		 January 10, 1844[73]
–
January 10, 1848
(1462 days; term-limited)[p]		 Democratic[56] 1843
1845
15 Joseph W. Matthews
(1812–1862)
[74][75]		 January 10, 1848[76]
–
January 10, 1850
(732 days; retired)		 Democratic[56] 1847
16 John A. Quitman
(1798–1858)
[61][62]		 January 10, 1850[77]
–
February 3, 1851
(390 days; resigned)[r]		 Democratic[56] 1849
17 John Isaac Guion
(1802–1855)
[78][79]		 February 3, 1851[80]
–
November 4, 1851
(275 days;
new senate seated)[s]		 Democratic[56] President of
the Senate
acting
18 James Whitfield
(1791–1875)
[82][83]		 November 25, 1851[t]
–
January 10, 1852
(47 days; retired)		 Democratic[56] President of
the Senate
acting
19 Henry S. Foote
(1804–1880)
[85][86]		 January 10, 1852[87]
–
January 5, 1854
(727 days; resigned)[u]		 Union
Democratic[56]		 1851
20 John J. Pettus
(1813–1867)
[88][89]		 January 5, 1854[90]
–
January 10, 1854
(6 days; retired)		 Democratic[56] President of
the Senate
acting
21 John J. McRae
(1815–1868)
[91][92]		 January 10, 1854[93]
–
November 16, 1857
(1407 days; term-limited)[p]		 Democratic[56] 1853
1855
22 William McWillie
(1795–1869)
[94][95]		 November 16, 1857[96]
–
November 21, 1859
(736 days; retired)		 Democratic[56] 1857
23 John J. Pettus
(1813–1867)
[88][89]		 November 21, 1859[97]
–
November 16, 1863
(1457 days; term-limited)[p]		 Democratic[56] 1859
1861
24 Charles Clark
(1811–1877)
[98][99]		 November 16, 1863[100]
–
May 22, 1865
(554 days;
arrested and removed)[v]		 Democratic[56] 1863
25 William L. Sharkey
(1798–1873)
[101][102]		 June 13, 1865[103]
–
October 16, 1865
(126 days; retired)[w]		 Provisional governor
appointed by President
26 Benjamin G. Humphreys
(1808–1882)
[107][108]		 October 16, 1865[109]
–
June 15, 1868
(947 days; removed)[x]		 Non-partisan[y] 1865
27 Adelbert Ames
(1835–1933)
[110][111]		 June 15, 1868[112]
–
March 10, 1870
(634 days; civil
government established)[z]		 Provisional governor
appointed by military occupation[104]
28 James L. Alcorn
(1816–1894)
[113][114]		 March 10, 1870[115]
–
November 30, 1871
(631 days; resigned)[aa]		 Republican[116] 1869 Ridgley C. Powers
29 Ridgley C. Powers
(1836–1912)
[117][118]		 November 30, 1871[119]
–
January 22, 1874
(785 days; retired)		 Republican[116] Lieutenant
governor
acting		 Acting as governor
30 Adelbert Ames
(1835–1933)
[110][111]		 January 22, 1874[120]
–
March 29, 1876
(798 days; resigned)[ab]		 Republican[116] 1873 Alexander Kelso Davis
(impeached and removed)
Vacant
31 John Marshall Stone
(1830–1900)
[121][122]		 March 29, 1876[123]
–
January 9, 1882
(2113 days;
lost nomination)[124]		 Democratic[116] President of
the Senate
acting
1877 William H. Sims
32 Robert Lowry
(1829–1910)
[125][126]		 January 9, 1882[127]
–
January 13, 1890
(2927 days; retired)		 Democratic[116] 1881 G. D. Shands
1885
33 John Marshall Stone
(1830–1900)
[121][122]		 January 13, 1890[128]
–
January 21, 1896
(2200 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1889 M. M. Evans
34 Anselm J. McLaurin
(1848–1909)
[129][130]		 January 21, 1896[131]
–
January 16, 1900
(1457 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1895 J. H. Jones
35 Andrew H. Longino
(1854–1942)
[132][133]		 January 16, 1900[134]
–
January 19, 1904
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1899 James T. Harrison
36 James K. Vardaman
(1861–1930)
[135][136]		 January 19, 1904[137]
–
January 21, 1908
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1903 John Prentiss Carter
37 Edmond Noel
(1856–1927)
[138][139]		 January 21, 1908[140]
–
January 16, 1912
(1457 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1907 Luther Manship
38 Earl L. Brewer
(1869–1942)
[141][142]		 January 16, 1912[143]
–
January 18, 1916
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1911 Theodore G. Bilbo
39 Theodore G. Bilbo
(1877–1947)
[144][145]		 January 18, 1916[146]
–
January 18, 1920
(1462 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1915 Lee M. Russell
40 Lee M. Russell
(1875–1943)
[147][148]		 January 20, 1920[149]
–
January 22, 1924
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1919 Homer Casteel
41 Henry L. Whitfield
(1868–1927)
[150][151]		 January 22, 1924[152]
–
March 18, 1927
(1152 days; died in office)		 Democratic[116] 1923 Dennis Murphree
42 Dennis Murphree
(1886–1949)
[153][154]		 March 18, 1927[155]
–
January 17, 1928
(306 days;
lost nomination)		 Democratic[116] Lieutenant
governor
acting		 Acting as governor
43 Theodore G. Bilbo
(1877–1947)
[144][145]		 January 17, 1928[156]
–
January 19, 1932
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1927 Bidwell Adam
44 Martin Sennet Conner
(1891–1950)
[157][158]		 January 19, 1932[159]
–
January 21, 1936
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1931 Dennis Murphree
45 Hugh L. White
(1881–1965)
[160][161]		 January 21, 1936[162]
–
January 16, 1940
(1457 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1935 Jacob Buehler Snider
46 Paul B. Johnson Sr.
(1880–1943)
[163][164]		 January 16, 1940[165]
–
December 26, 1943
(1441 days; died in office)		 Democratic[116] 1939 Dennis Murphree
47 Dennis Murphree
(1886–1949)
[153][154]		 December 26, 1943[166]
–
January 18, 1944
(24 days; retired)[ad]		 Democratic[116] Lieutenant
governor
acting		 Acting as governor
48 Thomas L. Bailey
(1888–1946)
[167][168]		 January 18, 1944[169]
–
November 2, 1946
(1020 days; died in office)		 Democratic[116] 1943 Fielding L. Wright
49 Fielding L. Wright[ae]
(1895–1956)
[170][171]		 November 2, 1946[172]
–
January 22, 1952
(1908 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] Lieutenant
governor
acting		 Acting as governor
50 1947 Sam Lumpkin
51 Hugh L. White
(1881–1965)
[160][161]		 January 22, 1952[173]
–
January 17, 1956
(1457 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1951 Carroll Gartin
52 James P. Coleman
(1914–1991)
[174][175]		 January 17, 1956[176]
–
January 19, 1960
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1955
53 Ross Barnett
(1898–1987)
[177][178]		 January 19, 1960[179]
–
January 21, 1964
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1959 Paul B. Johnson Jr.
54 Paul B. Johnson Jr.
(1916–1985)
[180][181]		 January 21, 1964[182]
–
January 16, 1968
(1457 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1963 Carroll Gartin
(died December 19, 1966)
Vacant
55 John Bell Williams
(1918–1983)
[183][184]		 January 16, 1968[185]
–
January 18, 1972
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1967 Charles L. Sullivan
56 Bill Waller
(1926–2011)
[186][187]		 January 18, 1972[188]
–
January 20, 1976
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1971 William F. Winter
57 Cliff Finch
(1927–1986)
[189][190]		 January 20, 1976[191]
–
January 22, 1980
(1464 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[116] 1975 Evelyn Gandy
58 William F. Winter
(1923–2020)
[192]		 January 22, 1980[193]
–
January 10, 1984
(1450 days; term-limited)[ac]		 Democratic[192] 1979 Brad Dye
59 William Allain
(1928–2013)
[194]		 January 10, 1984[195]
–
January 12, 1988
(1464 days; retired)		 Democratic[194] 1983
60 Ray Mabus
(b. 1948)
[196][197]		 January 12, 1988[198]
–
January 14, 1992
(1464 days; lost election)		 Democratic[197] 1987
61 Kirk Fordice
(1934–2004)
[199][200]		 January 14, 1992[201]
–
January 11, 2000
(2920 days; term-limited)[af]		 Republican[200] 1991 Eddie Briggs
1995 Ronnie Musgrove
62 Ronnie Musgrove
(b. 1956)
[202]		 January 11, 2000[203]
–
January 13, 2004
(1464 days; lost election)		 Democratic[202] 1999 Amy Tuck[ag]
63 Haley Barbour
(b. 1947)
[205]		 January 13, 2004[206]
–
January 10, 2012
(2920 days; term-limited)[af]		 Republican[205] 2003
2007 Phil Bryant
64 Phil Bryant
(b. 1954)
[207]		 January 10, 2012[208]
–
January 14, 2020
(2927 days; term-limited)[af]		 Republican[207] 2011 Tate Reeves
2015
65 Tate Reeves
(b. 1974)
[209]		 January 14, 2020[210]
–
Incumbent[ah]
(in office 2487 days)		 Republican[209] 2019 Delbert Hosemann
2023

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ↑ The range given is from the date the governor was confirmed by the Senate, or appointed by the President during a Senate recess, to the date the governor's successor was confirmed, unless noted.
  2. ↑ George Mathews was nominated on April 18, 1798,[15] but was withdrawn and Sargent nominated on May 2.[16] He was confirmed by the Senate on May 7,[17] and arrived in the territory on August 6.[18]
  3. ↑ Claiborne was appointed on May 25, 1801,[20] during a Senate recess; nominated on January 6, 1802;[21] and confirmed by the Senate on January 26, 1802.[22] He arrived in the territory on November 23, 1801.[23]
  4. ↑ Williams was nominated on March 1, 1805;[25] confirmed by the Senate on March 2;[26] and he arrived in the territory in May.[27] He was reconfirmed by the Senate on March 14, 1808.[28]
  5. ↑ Holmes was nominated on March 6, 1809;[32] confirmed by the Senate on March 7;[33] and he arrived in the territory on June 30.[34] He was reconfirmed by the Senate on March 31, 1812,[35] and December 10, 1814.[36]
  6. ↑ The office of lieutenant governor was created in 1817, abolished in 1832, and recreated in 1868.
  7. ↑ Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
  8. ↑ Holmes resigned due to ill health.[30]
  9. ↑ Represented the National Republican Party
  10. ↑ Scott had already lost reelection when he died.[52]
  11. ↑ Represented no party
  12. ↑ Lynch is labeled a Whig by Kallenbach[56] and a Democratic-Republican by Glashan.[42]
  13. ↑ All sources, modern and older, say Runnels took office on November 20; however, contemporary news shows he was inaugurated on November 21.[59][60]
  14. ↑ The 1832 constitution specified that governor "shall hold his office for two years from the time of his installation;" thus, on November 21, 1835, two years after he took office, Runnels, having lost the 1835 election, left office. However, the legislature had set the start of the next term in January. The Senate met on December 3 and elected a new president, Quitman, who would act as governor until the governor-elect, Lynch, took office.[61]
  15. ↑ McNutt's term constitutionally could only last two years, so on January 9, he left office and President of the Senate Jesse Speight became acting governor for one day.[68]
  16. 1 2 3 4 Under the 1832 constitution, governors were ineligible to hold the office for more than four years in any term of six years.[6]
  17. ↑ Tucker was instead elected to the United States House of Representatives.[71]
  18. ↑ Quitman resigned after being arrested for his involvement in the Lopez Expedition; he was later acquitted.[61]
  19. ↑ All senate terms ended on November 4; Secretary of State of Mississippi Joseph Bell acted as chief executive until the senate could convene and elect a new president.[81]
  20. ↑ All modern sources say Whitfield took office November 24;[41] however, contemporary news reports say the final vote was the next morning.[84]
  21. ↑ Foote resigned due to tensions resolving around secession.[85]
  22. ↑ Clark was arrested by Union forces.[98]
  23. ↑ Humphreys was sworn in on October 16.[104] Sharkey was elected to the Senate on October 19, Humphreys signed his credentials on October 31, and Sharkey presented them to the United States Senate on December 5,[105] though he was refused his seat.[101] However, some reputable sources say Sharkey remained in office until December, when President Andrew Johnson ordered him to turn over power to Humphreys.[106]
  24. ↑ Humphreys was removed by federal forces and replaced with a military governor after his failure to comply with the Reconstruction Acts.[104]
  25. ↑ The 1865 election was officially non-partisan.[104]
  26. ↑ Mississippi was readmitted to Congress on February 23, 1870, and Ames was elected to the United States Senate that same day. He left office upon the inauguration of James Alcorn.[110]
  27. ↑ Alcorn resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate; his senate term had begun on March 4, 1871, but he delayed taking it.[113]
  28. ↑ Ames resigned under threat of impeachment from the newly-elected Democratic legislature.[104]
  29. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Under the 1890 constitution, governors were ineligible to be their immediate successor.[2]
  30. ↑ Murphree had already lost the Democratic nomination for governor when he succeeded Johnson.
  31. ↑ Mississippi numbers Wright as both the 49th governor (completing his predecessor's term) and the 50th governor (his own elected term).
  32. 1 2 3 Under a 1986 amendment to the constitution, governors are ineligible to be elected more than twice.[8]
  33. ↑ Tuck switched her party membership to the Republican Party in 2002.[204]
  34. ↑ Reeves' second term began on January 9, 2024,[211] and will expire on January 11, 2028; he will be term-limited.

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries". Council of State Governments. Archived from the original on September 29, 2026. Retrieved October 5, 2026.
  2. 1 2 3 Thorpe 1909, p. 2103, 1890 art. 5, § 116.
  3. ↑ Miss. Const., art. V, § 140.
  4. ↑ Thorpe 1909, p. 2075, 1868 art. V, § 2.
  5. ↑ Thorpe 1909, p. 2039, 1817 art. IV, § 1.
  6. 1 2 Thorpe 1909, p. 2058, 1832 art. V, § 3.
  7. ↑ Thorpe 1909, p. 2075, 1868 art. V, § 1.
  8. 1 2 Miss. Const., art. V, § 116.
  9. ↑ Thorpe 1909, p. 2040, 1817 art. IV, § 18.
  10. ↑ Thorpe 1909, p. 2059, 1868 art. V, § 17.
  11. ↑ Thorpe 1909, p. 2076, 1868 art. V, § 14.
  12. ↑ Miss. Const., art. V, § 131.
  13. ↑ 1 Stat. 549
  14. ↑ McMullin 1984, pp. 203–204.
  15. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 5th Cong., 2nd sess. p. 269–270 – via HathiTrust.
  16. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 5th Cong., 2nd sess. p. 272 – via HathiTrust.
  17. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 5th Cong., 2nd sess. p. 274 – via HathiTrust.
  18. ↑ McMullin 1984, p. 203.
  19. ↑ McMullin 1984, pp. 205–207.
  20. ↑ ""From Thomas Jefferson to William C. C. Claiborne, 13 July 1801," The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, vol. 34, 1 May–31 July 1801, pp. 560–562". Founders Online. Archived from the original on October 22, 2019. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  21. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 7th Cong., 1st sess. p. 401 – via HathiTrust.
  22. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 7th Cong., 1st sess. p. 405 – via HathiTrust.
  23. ↑ McMullin 1984, p. 205.
  24. ↑ McMullin 1984, pp. 207–208.
  25. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 8th Cong., 2nd sess. p. 484 – via HathiTrust.
  26. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 8th Cong., 2nd sess. p. 485 – via HathiTrust.
  27. ↑ McMullin 1984, p. 208.
  28. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 10th Cong., 1st sess. p. 72 – via HathiTrust.
  29. 1 2 3 McMullin 1984, pp. 208–210.
  30. 1 2 3 4 Sobel 1978, p. 801.
  31. 1 2 3 "David Holmes". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 15, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  32. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 11th Cong., special sess. p. 119 – via HathiTrust.
  33. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 11th Cong., special sess. p. 120 – via HathiTrust.
  34. ↑ McMullin 1984, p. 209.
  35. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 12th Cong., 1st sess. p. 242 – via HathiTrust.
  36. ↑ United States Senate. Senate Executive Journal, 13th Cong., 3rd sess. p. 591 – via HathiTrust.
  37. ↑ 3 Stat. 348, 3 Stat. 472
  38. ↑ Mintz, S.; McNeil, S. (2018). "Secession Ordinances of 13 Confederate States". Digital History. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved October 1, 2026.
  39. ↑ Matthews, James M., ed. (1864). The Statutes at Large of the Provisional Government of the Confederate States of America. Richmond, Virginia: R.M. Smith. p. 1 – via HathiTrust.
  40. ↑ 16 Stat. 67
  41. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Secretary of State of Mississippi, "Mississippi Blue Book. Biennial report of the Secretary of State to the Legislature of Mississippi. [1929-1931]" (1931). page 40, accessed March 20, 2023.
  42. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Glashan 1979, p. 164.
  43. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 801–802.
  44. ↑ "George Poindexter". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 26, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  45. ↑ "State Legislature". Mississippi State Gazette. January 8, 1820. p. 4. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  46. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 802–803.
  47. ↑ "Walter Leake". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on July 15, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  48. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 803.
  49. 1 2 "Gerard Chittocque Brandon". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 17, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  50. ↑ Written at Jackson, Mississippi. "none". Natchez Gazette. Natchez, Mississippi (published January 14, 1826). January 7, 1826. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com. This day at 12 o'clock, His Excellency the Governor elect, after taking the Oath prescribed by the Constitution, delivered to both Houses of the General Assembly, the following inaugural address.
  51. ↑ "Official". State Journal. July 29, 1826. p. 3. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  52. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 804.
  53. ↑ "Abram Marshall Scott". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 19, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  54. 1 2 Sobel 1978, pp. 804–805.
  55. 1 2 "Charles Lynch". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 13, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  56. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Kallenbach 1977, p. 325.
  57. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 805.
  58. ↑ "Hiram George Runnels". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 13, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  59. ↑ "Mississippi Legislature". Natchez Courier. December 6, 1833. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  60. ↑ "Interregnum". The Mississippian. November 27, 1835. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  61. 1 2 3 4 Sobel 1978, p. 806.
  62. 1 2 "John Anthony Quitman". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on July 10, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  63. ↑ "Proceedings of the Senate". The Mississippian. December 18, 1835. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  64. ↑ "Mississippi Legislature". The Mississippian. January 18, 1836. p. 3. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  65. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 807.
  66. ↑ "Alexander Gallatin Mcnutt". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 10, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  67. ↑ Written at Jackson, Mississippi. "Correspondence". Vicksburg Register. Vicksburg, Mississippi (published January 10, 1838). January 8, 1838. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  68. 1 2 "Legislative". Southern Argus. January 18, 1842. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  69. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 807–808.
  70. ↑ "Tilghman Mayfield Tucker". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on March 16, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  71. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 808.
  72. ↑ "Albert Gallatin Brown". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 8, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  73. ↑ Written at Jackson, Mississippi. "Legislative Correspondence of the Free Trader". Mississippi Free Trader and Natchez Gazette. Natchez, Mississippi (published January 13, 1844). January 10, 1844. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  74. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 809.
  75. ↑ "Joseph W. Matthews". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on July 15, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  76. ↑ "House of Representatives". The Mississippian. January 14, 1848. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  77. ↑ "The Mississippi Legislature". Natchez Semi-Weekly Courier. January 15, 1850. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  78. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 809–810.
  79. ↑ "John Isaac Guion". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 13, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  80. ↑ "Gov. Quitman". Vicksburg Weekly Whig. February 5, 1851. p. 3. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  81. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 810.
  82. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 810–811.
  83. ↑ "James Whitfield". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 11, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  84. ↑ "Called Session of the Senate". Mississippi Palladium. December 5, 1851. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  85. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 811.
  86. ↑ "Henry Stuart Foote". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 14, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  87. ↑ "Mississippi Legislature". Mississippian and State Gazette. January 16, 1852. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  88. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 812.
  89. 1 2 "John Jones Pettus". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 18, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  90. ↑ "Gov. Foote". The Daily Courier. January 13, 1854. p. 3. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  91. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 812–813.
  92. ↑ "John Jones McRae". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 18, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  93. ↑ "Mississippi Legislature". Mississippi Free Trader. January 24, 1854. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  94. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 813–814.
  95. ↑ "William McWillie". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 16, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  96. ↑ "Gov. McWillie's Inauguration". Vicksburg Weekly Whig. November 25, 1857. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  97. ↑ Written at Jackson, Mississippi. "Correspondence of the Whig". Weekly Vicksburg Whig. Vicksburg, Mississippi (published November 23, 1859). November 21, 1859. p. 3. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  98. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 814.
  99. ↑ "Charles Clark". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 12, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  100. ↑ "Mississippi Legislature". The Tri-Weekly Citizen. November 24, 1863. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  101. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 815.
  102. ↑ "William Lewis Sharkey". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 17, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  103. ↑ "Reconstruction!". The Philadelphia Inquirer. June 14, 1865. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  104. 1 2 3 4 5 Sobel 1978, p. 816.
  105. ↑ "Congressional Globe, 39th Cong., 1st sess". 1865. p. 7.
  106. ↑ Sansing, David (December 2003). "William Lewis Sharkey". Mississippi Historical Society. Archived from the original on November 15, 2025. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  107. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 815–816.
  108. ↑ "Benjamin Grubb Humphreys". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 16, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  109. ↑ "Mississippi Legislature". The Daily Mississippian. October 20, 1865. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  110. 1 2 3 Sobel 1978, pp. 816–817.
  111. 1 2 "Adelbert Ames". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 13, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  112. ↑ "Removal of Gov. Humphreys and Attorney Gen. Hooker". Natchez Democrat. June 18, 1868. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  113. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 817.
  114. ↑ "James Lusk Alcorn". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 15, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  115. ↑ "The Governor's Message". The Vicksburg Herald. March 11, 1870. p. 3. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  116. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Kallenbach 1977, p. 326.
  117. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 818.
  118. ↑ "Ridgley Ceylon Powers". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 12, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  119. ↑ "Faithful James No Longer With Us". The Weekly Panola Star. December 9, 1871. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  120. ↑ "Mississippi Legislature". The Weekly Clarion. January 29, 1874. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  121. 1 2 Sobel 1978, pp. 818–819.
  122. 1 2 "John Marshall Stone". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 13, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  123. ↑ "Governor Ames Resigns!". The American Citizen. April 1, 1876. p. 2. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  124. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 819.
  125. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 819–820.
  126. ↑ "Robert Lowry". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 13, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  127. ↑ "none". The Vicksburg Herald. January 11, 1882. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com. The scene at the Governor's inaugural, Monday...
  128. ↑ "State Legislature". Daily Clarion-Ledger. January 14, 1890. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  129. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 820–821.
  130. ↑ "Anselm McLaurin". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on July 15, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  131. ↑ Written at Jackson, Mississippi. "Inauguration". Vicksburg Evening Post. Vicksburg, Mississippi. January 21, 1896. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  132. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 821.
  133. ↑ "Andrew Houston Longino". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on October 3, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  134. ↑ "Governor Longino". Weekly Clarion-Ledger. January 18, 1900. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  135. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 821–822.
  136. ↑ "James Vardaman". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on October 5, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  137. ↑ "Begun His Duties". Jackson Evening News. January 20, 1904. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  138. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 822–823.
  139. ↑ "Edmond Favor Noel". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 3, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  140. ↑ "Edmon F. Noel Takes the Oath as Governor". Jackson Daily News. January 21, 1908. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  141. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 823.
  142. ↑ "Earl Leroy Brewer". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 15, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  143. ↑ "Governor Earl Brewer Takes Oath of Office". Jackson Daily News. January 16, 1912. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  144. 1 2 Sobel 1978, pp. 823–824.
  145. 1 2 "Theodore Gilmore Bilbo". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 15, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  146. ↑ "Theo. G. Bilbo Takes the Oath as Governor". Jackson Daily News. January 18, 1916. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  147. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 824–825.
  148. ↑ "Lee Maurice Russell". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 17, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  149. ↑ "Lee M. Russell Is Inaugurated State's Chief". Jackson Daily News. January 20, 1920. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  150. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 825.
  151. ↑ "Henry Lewis Whitfield". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on July 10, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  152. ↑ Written at Jackson, Mississippi. "Henry Whitfield Is Inaugurated". Greenwood Daily Commonwealth. Greenwood, Mississippi. Associated Press. January 22, 1924. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  153. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 826.
  154. 1 2 "Dennis Herron Murphree". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 15, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  155. ↑ Written at Jackson, Mississippi. "Newspaperman Successor to Gov. Whitfield". Clarksdale Daily Register. Clarksdale, Mississippi. Associated Press. March 18, 1927. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  156. ↑ "Theodore Bilbo Takes Oath of Office as Governor". Daily Clarion-Ledger. January 18, 1928. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  157. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 826–827.
  158. ↑ "Martin Sennet Conner". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 16, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  159. ↑ "As Conner Said, "I Do"". Daily Clarion-Ledger. January 20, 1932. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  160. 1 2 Sobel 1978, pp. 827–828.
  161. 1 2 "Hugh Lawson White". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 17, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  162. ↑ "White Dedicates Self to Program of State Uplift". Daily Clarion-Ledger. January 22, 1936. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  163. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 828.
  164. ↑ "Paul Burney Johnson, Sr". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 17, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  165. ↑ Gibson, James B. (January 17, 1940). "Inaugural Gives Enormous Throng Day of Ceremony". Daily Clarion-Ledger. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  166. ↑ "Governor Johnson Passes Away". Clarion-Ledger. December 27, 1943. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  167. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 828–829.
  168. ↑ "Thomas Lowry Bailey". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 10, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  169. ↑ "Gov. Bailey Offers Broad Plans in Inaugural Message". Clarion-Ledger. January 19, 1944. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  170. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 829–830.
  171. ↑ "Fielding Lewis Wright". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on October 25, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  172. ↑ "Governor Bailey Is Dead". Clarion-Ledger. November 2, 1946. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  173. ↑ Hills, Charles M. (January 23, 1952). "New Governor Calls for Curb on Taxes; Positive SR Program". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  174. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 830–831.
  175. ↑ "James Plemon Coleman". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 14, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  176. ↑ Hills, Charles M. (January 18, 1956). "Governor Coleman Pledges He'll Maintain Segregation". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  177. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 831.
  178. ↑ "Ross Robert Barnett". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on July 17, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  179. ↑ Hills, Charles M. (January 20, 1960). "Governor Barnett Urges Unity, Promises No-Mix". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  180. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 831–832.
  181. ↑ "Paul B. Johnson Jr". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on June 13, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  182. ↑ Hills, Charles M. (January 22, 1964). "Paul Johnson Bold in Opening Address". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  183. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 832–833.
  184. ↑ "John Bell Williams". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 10, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  185. ↑ Albritton, A. B. (January 17, 1968). "Williams Becomes Governor; Fills Three Major State Jobs". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  186. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 833–834.
  187. ↑ "William Lowe Waller". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 10, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  188. ↑ Morgan, Hugh (January 19, 1972). "'Straight Ahead' Is Waller's Pledge". Jackson Daily News. Associated Press. p. 1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  189. ↑ Sobel 1978, p. 834.
  190. ↑ "Charles Clifton Finch". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on April 14, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  191. ↑ Klibanoff, Hank (January 21, 1976). Written at Jackson, Mississippi. "Finch Inaugurated As Governor of Mississippi". South Mississippi Sun. Biloxi, Mississippi. p. A1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  192. 1 2 "William Forrest Winter". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on July 23, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  193. ↑ Kubissa, David W. (January 23, 1980). "Winter Sworn In As 58th Governor". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  194. 1 2 "William A. Allain". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on September 23, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  195. ↑ Oppel, Tom (January 11, 1984). "Allain Cites Unity as Key To Progress". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  196. ↑ Mullaney 1994, pp. 205–210.
  197. 1 2 "Raymond Edwin Mabus". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on August 30, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  198. ↑ McIntosh, Shawn (January 13, 1988). "Gov. Mabus Sworn In". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  199. ↑ Mullaney 1994, pp. 211–214.
  200. 1 2 "Daniel Kirkwood Fordice". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on July 10, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  201. ↑ Eubank, Jay (January 15, 1992). "Fordice Assumes Command". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  202. 1 2 "David Ronald "Ronnie" Musgrove". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on May 10, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  203. ↑ Wagster, Emily (January 12, 2000). "Musgrove Sets Goals High". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  204. ↑ Mackel, Travers (December 2, 2002). "Lt. Governor Amy Tuck Switches to GOP". WLBT. Archived from the original on November 14, 2023. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  205. 1 2 "Haley Barbour". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on March 14, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  206. ↑ Goodman, Julie (January 14, 2004). "Barbour: Jobs Top Priority". The Clarion-Ledger. p. 1A. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  207. 1 2 "Phil Bryant". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on August 25, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  208. ↑ "Phil Bryant Takes Oath As Mississippi's 64th Governor". GulfLive.com. Associated Press. January 10, 2012. Archived from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved November 3, 2026.
  209. 1 2 "Tate Reeves". National Governors Association. Archived from the original on August 29, 2026. Retrieved November 2, 2026.
  210. ↑ Ramseth, Luke; Bologna, Giacomo (January 14, 2020). "New Governor Reeves Promises: 'For. All. Mississippi.' Will Be Motto". Clarion Ledger. Retrieved November 3, 2026.
  211. ↑ McLaughlin, Grant (January 9, 2024). "Gov. Tate Reeves pledges to focus on economy, healthcare sector, as he is sworn in Tuesday". Clarion Ledger. Retrieved November 3, 2026.

Bibliography

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