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List of conventional hydroelectric power stations

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This is a list of conventional hydroelectric power stations.

This list includes power stations that are larger than 1,000 megawatts (1.3×10^6 hp) in maximum net capacity, and are operational or under construction. Those power stations that are smaller than 1,000 MW, or those that are only at a planning/proposal stage may be found in regional lists, listed at the end of the page.

Overview

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The largest hydroelectric power station is the Three Gorges Dam in China, rated at 22.5 gigawatts (30.2×10^6 hp) in total installed capacity. After passing on 7 December 2007 the 14-gigawatt (19×10^6 hp) mark of the Itaipu Dam, the facility was ranked as the largest power-generating facility ever built. The dam is 181 metres (594 ft) high, 2,335 metres (7,661 ft) long and 115 metres (377 ft) in width. Power is generated by 32 turbines rated at 700 MW (940,000 hp), and two turbines rated 50 MW (67,000 hp), which are used to power the facility itself. Construction of this dam commenced in 1994, and was completed in 2012, nearly two decades after it started.

The next six largest dams, after the Three Gorges Dam, with capacity of more than 10 gigawatts (13×10^6 hp) are:

  1. Baihetan Dam – 16 gigawatts (21×10^6 hp)
  2. Itaipu Dam – 14 gigawatts (19×10^6 hp)
  3. Xiluodu Dam – 13.86 gigawatts (18.59×10^6 hp)
  4. Belo Monte Dam – 11.233 gigawatts (15.064×10^6 hp)
  5. Guri Dam – 10.235 gigawatts (13.725×10^6 hp)
  6. Wudongde Dam – 10.2 gigawatts (13.7×10^6 hp)

The Jebel Ali Power Plant, at 8.695 gigawatts (11.660×10^6 hp), is the largest non-renewable energy-generating facility in the world. The planned Grand Inga Dam, if completed, with capacity of 40 to 70 gigawatts (54×10^6 to 94×10^6 hp), is estimated to be nearly twice the size of the Three Gorges Dam.

The Three Gorges Dam in Hubei, China, has the world's largest instantaneous generating capacity at 22,500 MW of power. In second place is the Baihetan Dam, also in China, with a capacity of 16,000 MW. The Itaipu Dam in Paraguay and Brazil is the third largest with 14,000 MW of power. Despite the large difference in installed capacity between Three Gorges Dam and Itaipu Dam, they generate nearly equal amounts of electrical energy during the course of an entire year – Itaipu 103 terawatt-hours (370 PJ) in 2016[1] and Three Gorges 111.8 TWh (402 PJ) in 2020,[2] because the Three Gorges experiences six months per year when there is very little water available to generate power, while the Paraná River continuously feeds the Itaipu with an ample supply of water year-round.

Energy output of the Three Gorges reaches 125 TWh (450 PJ) in years of high feed availability. The Three Gorges (22,500 MW - 32 × 700 MW and 2 × 50 MW) is operated jointly with the much smaller Gezhouba Dam (2,715 MW). The total generating capacity of this two-dam complex is 25,215 MW. The Itaipu on the Brazil–Paraguay border has 20 generator units with overall 14,000 MW of installed capacity. However, the maximum number of generating units allowed to operate simultaneously cannot exceed 18 (12,600 MW).

The Jinsha River (the upper stream of Yangtze River) complex is the largest hydroelectric generating system currently under construction. It has three phases. Phase one includes four dams on the downstream of the Jinsha River. They are Wudongde Dam, Baihetan Dam, Xiluodu Dam, and Xiangjiaba Dam, with generating capacity of 10,200 MW, 16,000 MW, 13,860 MW, and 7,798 MW respectively. Phase two includes eight dams on the middle stream of the Jinsha River. The total generating capacity is 21,150 MW. Phase three includes eight dams on the upper stream of the Jinsha River. The total generating capacity is 8,980 MW. The total combined capacity of the Jinsha complex with the Three Gorges complex will be 103,203 MW.

As of 2025, plans exist in the Democratic Republic of the Congo for the construction of a hydroelectric power station set to overtake the Three Gorges,[3] with an installed capacity of 39,000 MW.[4][5] The Project is called Grand Inga and is planned to be realised on the lower Congo River.[6] As of 2014, China is working on a 50,000 MW[7] dam as part of the Yarlung Tsangpo Hydroelectric and Water Diversion Project. Another proposal, Penzhin Tidal Power Plant [fr; ru], presumes an installed capacity up to 87,100 MW.

The largest hydroelectric power stations top the list of the largest power stations of any kind, are among the largest hydraulic structures and are some of the largest artificial structures in the world.

Hydroelectric power stations

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The following two lists rank the largest conventional hydroelectric power stations that have an installed electric power generation capacity of at least 1,000 MW.

Under construction

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This table lists stations under construction with an expected installed capacity at least 3,000 MW.

Name Country Location River Expected
capacity (MW)		 Expected
completion
Medog China 29°27′37″N 95°21′48″E / 29.46028°N 95.36333°E / 29.46028; 95.36333 (Medog Dam) Yarlung Tsangpo 60,000 megawatts (80,000,000 hp) 2033
Tasang Myanmar 20°27′23″N 98°39′0″E / 20.45639°N 98.65000°E / 20.45639; 98.65000 (Tasang Dam) Salween 7,110 megawatts (9,530,000 hp) ? (on hold)
Diamer-Bhasha Pakistan 35°31′08″N 73°47′10″E / 35.51889°N 73.78611°E / 35.51889; 73.78611 (Diamer-Bhasha Dam) Indus River 4,500 megawatts (6,000,000 hp) 2029[240]
Dasu Pakistan 35°31′10″N 73°44′21″E / 35.51944°N 73.73917°E / 35.51944; 73.73917 (Dasu Dam) Indus River 4,320 megawatts (5,790,000 hp) 2029[241]
Rogun Tajikistan 38°41′03″N 69°46′26″E / 38.68417°N 69.77389°E / 38.68417; 69.77389 (Rogun Dam) Vakhsh 3,780 megawatts (5,070,000 hp)[242][note 10] 2018[243]-2029
Myitsone Myanmar 25°41′23″N 97°31′04″E / 25.68972°N 97.51778°E / 25.68972; 97.51778 (Myitsone Dam) Irrawaddy 3,600 megawatts (4,800,000 hp) ? (suspended)

See also

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Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap

Download coordinates as:

Notes

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  1. ↑ Generating capacity is not the only factor determining the amount of electricity generated, as this also depends on consistent utilization of the plant's capacity. Factors enhancing this are the free capacity of the reservoir and the consistency of water supply during and across years.
  2. ↑ First unit installed in 1942, 18th in 1950, 21st in 1991; 6 units in third powerplant were installed between 1975 and 1980, 2 units of pumped-storage plant were installed in 1973, 4 more units in 1983 and 1984.
  3. ↑ 750 MW commissioned as of August 2022
  4. ↑ First unit installed in 1984, 18th in 1991; in 2003, 2 additional units were installed.
  5. ↑ Combined with adjacent La Grande-2-A the LG-2 complex has 7,722 MW of installed capacity
  6. ↑ 10 units were installed between 1978 and 1985; after the 2009 failure, new units were installed between 2010 and 2014.
  7. ↑ planned final capacity 6,418 megawatts (8,607,000 hp)
  8. ↑ power station under construction
  9. ↑ another is 1,000 MW under construction
  10. ↑ 760 MW commissioned as of October 2021

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[edit]
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  226. ↑ "Xiaowan Dam". china.org.cn. Archived from the original on 2010-04-07. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
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  231. ↑ "Form 20-F". Sec.gov. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
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  234. ↑ "Xiaowan Dam". IndustCards.com. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  235. ↑ "Zeya Hydroelectric Station". Regtime.spb.ru.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  236. ↑ "Zeya Hydroelectric Plant". Global Energy Monitor. Retrieved 2026-04-11.
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  242. ↑ "REQUEST FOR EXPRESSIONS OF INTEREST Republic of Tajikistan Sustainable Financing for Rogun Hydropower Project Project ID: P18102". 12 March 2025.
  243. ↑ "Tajikistan celebrates independence with launch of second Rogun dam turbine – Embassy of Tajikistan in Malaysia".
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