Johannes Volkelt
Johannes Immanuel Volkelt (21 July 1848,[1] Kunzendorf, Galicia – 8 May 1930, Leipzig) was a German neo-Kantian philosopher.
Biography
[edit]
He was educated at Vienna, Jena, and Leipzig. At Jena, he was a student of Kant scholar Kuno Fischer.[2] At Leipzig, Volkelt's doctoral advisor was Hermann Lotze.[3]
Volkelt became professor of philosophy at Basel in 1883 and at Würzburg in 1889, and 1894 was made professor of philosophy and pedagogy at Leipzig.[1]
Philosophy
[edit]In philosophy, his main efforts have been his opposition to positivism and his attempt at a new metaphysical theory. His independent position was arrived at after successive periods in which he followed Hegel, Schopenhauer, and Hartmann.[1]
Alongside Theodor Lipps and Stephan Witasek, he is considered one of the most important representatives of the psychology of aesthetics.[4] He is particularly noted for his investigations of the concept of empathy as a fundamental principle of the theory of art. He proposed that experiencing a work of art with empathy has two variations: "proper empathy" (eigentliche Einfühlung) and "empathy of mood" (Stimmungseinfühlung).[5] His thoughts on Einfühlung and the empathic process were documented in his work System der Ästhetik.[6]
Dream interpretation
[edit]Volkelt spent time analysing the meaning of dreams, and captured his analysis in Die Traumphantasie. He is cited several times in The Interpretation of Dreams as a foundation for Sigmund Freud's claims.
Volkelt believed that elements of a dream were directly related to the body of the dreamer, such as a dreamed roaring stove representing the dreamer's lungs.[7]
Works
[edit]His more important works are:[1]
- Pantheismus und Individualismus im Systeme Spinoza's (1872) – Digital version
- Die Traumphantasie (1875)
- Kants Erkenntnistheorie, a searching piece of criticism (1879)
- Erfahrung und Denken. Kritische Grundlegung der Erkenntnistheorie became a standard textbook on epistemology, especially due to its thorough examination of the concept of 'experience'. (Hamburg and Leipzig, 1886) Reprinted with introduction and Index by Harald Schwaetzer 2000.[8]
- Aesthetische Zeitfragen (1895)
- Arthur Schopenhauer, seine Persönlichkeit, seine Lehre, sein Glaube (1900)
- Die Kunst des Individualisierens in den Dichtungen Jean Pauls (1902)
- System der Aesthetik (1905—14)
- Phänomenologie und Metaphysik der Zeit (1925)
Notes
[edit]- 1 2 3 4 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
- ↑ Chignell, Andrew (2008-07-08). "Introduction: On Going Back to Kant". The Philosophical Forum. 39 (2): 109–124 esp. 111. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9191.2008.00286.x.
- ↑ Vanmassenhove, Henri (2011). The Anthropology of Hermann Lotze (1817–1881): A Comparative Approach (PhD thesis). Ghent University, Faculty of Arts and Philosophy.
- ↑ Allesch, Christian G.. (2013). "STEPHAN WITASEK UND DIE PSYCHOLOGISCHE ÄSTHETIK". The Aesthetics of the Graz School, edited by Venanzio Raspa, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, pp. 113-128.
- ↑ Barasch, Moshe (1998). Theories of Art: From Impressionism to Kandinsky. New York: Psychology Press. p. 113. ISBN 0-415-92625-4.
- ↑ Tateo, Luca (2018). An Old Melody in a New Song: Aesthetics and the Art of Psychology. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. p. 45. ISBN 978-3-319-92338-3.
- ↑ Freud, Sigmund. The Interpretation of Dreams. Barnes & Noble Books, New York. 2005. Page 80.
- ↑ "Dr. Harald Schwaetzer - Veröffentlichungen". www.kirstin-zeyer.de. Archived from the original on 2004-09-10.
