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2026 Bangsamoro Parliament election

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2026 Bangsamoro Parliament election
← 2016 (as ARMM)
September 14, 2026 (2026-09-14)
2031 →
All 80 seats to the Bangsamoro Parliament
41 seats needed for a majority
Registered2,393,202[1]
Turnout2,018,478
84.36%[1]
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Abdulraof Macacua[a] Murad Ebrahim Abdulrahman Mangudadatu
Party BFP UBJP BGC
Leader's seat Maguindanao del Norte–3rd[b] Ran in PR (won) Ran in PR (won)
Seats won 31 30 15[c]
District vote 624,188[d] 580,227 491,161[e]
Percentage 33.00% 30.67% 25.95%
Proportional vote 678,328 613,663 391,266
Percentage 35.86% 32.44% 20.68%
Sectoral vote 2,011,045 4,222,422 2,725,724
Percentage 20.86% 43.79% 28.27%
  Fourth party Fifth party
 
Leader Jose Lorena Don Mustapha Loong
Party Raayat PRO Bangsamoro
Leader's seat PR[f] PR[g] (lost)
Seats won 1 1
District vote Did not contest 41,428
Percentage — 2.19%
Proportional vote 68,839 36,672
Percentage 3.64% 1.94%
Sectoral vote Did not contest Did not contest
Percentage — —
Results of district elections with Cotabato City on the inset; party proportional results are denoted by circles on the lower right corner
Government before election

Abdulraof Macacua
Independent (MILF nominee; BFP leader)

 Government after election

TBD

Logo of Botong Bangsamoro 2026, the official voter campaign launched by the Commission on Elections for the 2026 Bangsamoro Parliament election

Elections for the Bangsamoro Parliament were held on September 14, 2026, in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) of the Philippines. All 80 members of parliament (MPs) were elected, comprising 40 party representatives, 32 district representatives, and eight sectoral representatives, including two seats reserved for Non-Moro Indigenous Peoples (NMIP) were filled through a separate traditional selection process. The election was held in accordance with the Bangsamoro Organic Law, which serves as the charter of the autonomous region. It was the first regular election for the Bangsamoro Parliament, succeeding the interim Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament.

Originally scheduled for May 2022, the election was postponed four times. It was first postponed to May 2025 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the absence of an electoral code. It was moved again to October 2025 after the Supreme Court ruled that Sulu was not part of Bangsamoro, leaving seven seats unallocated. The election was moved for a third time to no later than March 31, 2026, after the Supreme Court declared two districting laws unconstitutional. It was postponed for the final time to September 14, 2026, after President Bongbong Marcos signed Republic Act No. 12317 on March 25, 2026, officially resetting the election date.

The elections resulted in a hung parliament, as no party or coalition was able to secure the 41 seats needed for a majority. The Bangsamoro Federalist Party (BFP), the party of incumbent Chief Minister Abdulraof Macacua, holds a one-seat plurality, having won 31 seats, followed by the United Bangsamoro Justice Party (UBJP) with 30. The Bangsamoro Grand Coalition (BGC), a coalition of four parties, won 15 seats, while the Raayat Democratic Party and Progresibong Bangsamoro Party each won a single seat.

Background

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Interim parliament

[edit]

When Bangsamoro was formed in 2019, the Bangsamoro Transition Authority (BTA) served as an interim government of the autonomous region, and also acted as its interim parliament. The interim government is not officially divided by political party affiliation but instead into two groups according to the nominating entity; the majority are nominees of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), while the rest are nominees of the Philippine national government.[2]

Under the law which postponed the elections to 2025, the President of the Philippines was allowed to appoint a new set of members for the interim parliament whose terms would run until June 30, 2025.[3]

Current Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament composition
Political group Seats
Moro Islamic Liberation Front nominees
38 / 80
National Government nominees
38 / 80
Vacant
4 / 80

Initial postponement

[edit]

Originally scheduled to be held on May 9, 2022, the Bangsamoro Parliament election was postponed. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the region was cited as justification, along with the resulting non-passage of a Bangsamoro Electoral Code. The electoral code would be the regional legislation that would define the parliamentary districts for the purpose of the regional election. The electoral code would be legislated using data from the 2020 census which was likewise affected by the pandemic.[4] In order for the election to be postponed, the Bangsamoro Organic Law had to be amended.

The Bangsamoro interim government and some advocacy groups in Mindanao campaigned for the postponement of the polls.[5][6] Interim Chief Minister Murad Ebrahim reasoned that three years was not enough to restructure the region's government, and that the COVID-19 pandemic and delays in the release of the region's budget delayed the transition process. The postponement also received opposition. The Kusug Tausug party in the House of Representatives believed that postponing the elections was tantamount to justifying the interim Bangsamoro government's performance, which it found inadequate. Sulu Governor Abdusakur Mahail Tan also opposed the extension since he wanted elected officials to lead the region by 2022.[7]

In the Congress, there was debate about whether it would be necessary to hold a plebiscite for the potential postponement of the Bangsamoro election.[8][7] The National Citizens' Movement for Free Elections, amid talks on the possible postponement of the election, wanted the polls to be "desynchronized" or held on a different date from the national elections since a new electoral system would be used for the regional elections.[9]

On September 6, 2021, the Senate approved Senate Bill No. 2214, postponing the election to 2025.[10] A counterpart bill in the House of Representatives was approved on September 15.[11] As the two bills were different, they had to be reconciled in a conference committee before being submitted for the president's signature to become law, and to actually postpone the election. While both bills gave the president of the Philippines the power to appoint parliament members for the 2019–2022 term, the House bill gave the incumbent president Rodrigo Duterte that power, while the Senate bill gave it to the winner of the 2022 presidential election.[12] In late September, both chambers ratified the conference committee's version of the bill, giving the winning president in the 2022 election the power to appoint the members of the next transitional parliament.[13]

On October 28, 2021, President Duterte signed into law the bill postponing the elections to 2025.[14] However Duterte's successor was given the ability to change the parliament's entire composition once he or she assumed office.[15]

Second interim parliament

[edit]

Duterte's successor President Bongbong Marcos appointed new members for the interim parliament. Forty-nine were reappointed while 31 were new members. The composition of 41 MILF nominees and 39 government nominees was still retained.[16]

Exclusion of Sulu from Bangsamoro and second postponement

[edit]

In September 2024, Sulu province was excluded from Bangsamoro by a Supreme Court ruling, consequentially excluding it from the 2025 election. The ruling stated that its inclusion in the BARMM was unconstitutional as a majority of its residents voted against joining the region in the 2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite.[17] The ruling led to uncertainty regarding the fate of seven seats allotted to Sulu in the Bangsamoro Parliament.[18]

On October 22, 2024, the BTA adopted a resolution requesting the national Congress to move the election to 2028 on account of Sulu's exclusion from the BARMM.[19] On November 4, 2024, Senate President Chiz Escudero filed Senate bill 2862, which called for the election to be postponed to May 11, 2026, in order for the BARMM "to reconfigure its jurisdictions as well as reallocate" its parliamentary seats following the exclusion of Sulu.[20] A separate bill was also filed by Speaker Martin Romualdez and Lanao del Sur representative Zia Alonto Adiong in the House of Representatives to postpone the election until 2026.[21]

A group of 35 civil society organizations in Mindanao opposed the postponement of the election and were also critical on the progress of decommissioning of the MILF as an armed rebel group.[22] Maguindanao del Sur governor Mariam Mangudadatu said that there had been fatal skirmishes involving the MILF since 2022. The governor questioned MILF's legitimacy since their leadership in the transition government would be extended if the election was postponed. She also brought up a pledge by president Bongbong Marcos that the election would be held as planned in 2025.[23]

The Bangsamoro regional government expressed openness to the postponement, stating that it was deferring to the "sound discretion" of the national Congress. Concerns were largely on the disenfranchisement of voters in Sulu, especially in the event the Supreme Court reversed its decision.[24] Mohagher Iqbal of the MILF and also a parliament member was surprised by the initiative of the national congress. He believed that it would be advantageous to the United Bangsamoro Justice Party, the MILF's party, if the election was held as planned in 2025.[25] On November 21, Basilan governor Hadjiman Hataman Salliman, Maguindanao del Norte Governor Abdulraof Macacua, and Tawi-Tawi Governor Yshmael Sali issued a joint statement supporting the postponement, citing the need to address the distribution of parliamentary seats following the exclusion of Sulu.[26]

On February 16, 2025, COMELEC announced the suspension of ballot-printing for the election after a bicameral conference committee in Congress approved the postponement of the vote.[27] On February 19, President Bongbong Marcos signed into law Republic Act No. 12123, officially moving the date of the election to October 13, 2025.[28]

The COMELEC gave the Bangsamoro Parliament the ability to reallocate the seven parliamentary districts originally allocated for Sulu. The Parliament missed two deadlines; on May 30 and on June 15, 2025. COMELEC announced that only 73 out of 80 parliamentary seats would be filled.[29]

Third postponement

[edit]

On September 15, 2025, the Supreme Court, acting on an petition filed by Bangsamoro MP Lanang Ali Jr., League of Bangsamoro Organizations Secretary General Samsodin Amella, and peace advocate Datuan Magon Jr., issued a temporary restraining order against the Bangsomoro Autonomy Act (BAA) No. 77, or the Bangsamoro Parliamentary Redistricting Act of 2025, which sought to implement the reallocation of parliamentary districts,[30] prompting the COMELEC to suspend its preparations for the election on September 17.[31] On September 25, COMELEC Chair George Garcia said it was "legally and factually impossible" to hold the election as scheduled, citing the TRO by the Supreme Court.[32]

Supreme Court of the Philippines invalidates the Bangsamoro Parliament Districting

On October 1, 2025, the Supreme Court declared the BAA 77 as well as the preceding BAA 58 unconstitutional, leaving Bangsamoro without a law defining its parliamentary districts and effectively postponing the elections again. The high court nevertheless directed the COMELEC to proceed with preparations and conduct of the election not later than March 31, 2026. The court ordered the parliament to determine the distribution of district parliamentary seats by October 30, 2025.[33]

After the Bangsamoro Parliament failed to comply with the first COMELEC deadline, the election body warned that the parliament should pass a new districting law by November 30, 2025. As per the interpretation of the COMELEC, the parliament should pass the districting law by this date to comply the Voters' Registration Act which states that no law modifying electoral districts shall be passed 120 days before the elections – one of the cited reasons why the Supreme Court declared BAA 77 as unconstitutional.[34][35]

On November 25, 2025, the COMELEC set the election date for March 30, 2026.[36]

The Bangsamoro Parliament still failed to pass a districting law after it held its last regular session for the year on December 18, 2025.[37][38] On December 22, the COMELEC has already urged Congress to pass a law to set the elections for November 2026.[39]

Chief Minister Abdulraof Macacua called for a special session to be held from December 29 to 31, 2025 in a bid to pass a districting law.[40] The special session took place as Mohammad Yacob decided against convening the parliament as its members were expected to be unavailable due to the Christmas holiday.[41]

A special session began on January 12, 2026,[42] with Parliament Bill 415 being passed minutes after midnight of the following day.[43][44] However the Institute for Autonomy and Governance and COMELEC raised concerns that the new districting law had already missed the deadline to be compliant with the 120-days requirement set by the Voters' Registration Act.[45][46]

Fourth postponement

[edit]

On January 28, 2026, the COMELEC announced the deferment of the election, citing the 120-day deadline.[47] Senator Migz Zubiri subsequently filed Senate Bill 1823, which sought to hold the election on September 14, 2026.[48] On March 25, 2026, President Bongbong Marcos signed the bill into law. Signed as Republic Act No. 12317, the law resets the date of the first regular Bangsamoro Parliament election to September 14, 2026. It ensures that future elections will be synchronized with the Philippines' national and local election schedules. The law amended Section 13, Article XVI of the Bangsamoro Organic Law to reflect the new election date after multiple postponements.[49][50]

Electoral system

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  1. Political parties (40 seats) (50.0%)
  2. Single member districts (32 seats) (40.0%)
  3. Sectoral representatives (8 seats) (10.0%)
Sample ballot paper for voters in the Cotabato City 1st district which shows the logos of the parties for the proportional representation section, and photos of candidates for the district representative candidates.

A total of 80 seats were contested in the 2026 Bangsamoro elections. The final composition of the parliament after the elections should satisfy the following:[51][52]

  • One half (40 seats) shall be representatives of political parties elected through a system of proportional representation.
  • Not more than 40 percent (32 seats) of the members of the parliament shall be elected from single member districts.
  • Reserved seats and sectoral representatives shall constitute at least 10 percent, which in any case should be no less than 8 seats.

This means a voter has three votes of parallel voting; the vote on one does not affect the other two. A party may opt to participate in one, two or all three votes. Independents can only participate in district elections.

Ballots for the election included candidates' photos and the official logos of political parties.[53] This is the first time that such visual aids were added on ballots for an elections in the Philippines.[54]

Proportional representation

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A voter may opt to vote in the proportional representation ballot question. This is voted upon by the region at-large. The electoral threshold is at 2.5%.

Districts

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The Bangsamoro parliamentary districts were initially defined on February 28, 2024, via Bangsamoro Act No. 58, and on August 19, 2025, via Bangsamoro Act No. 77.[55] The two acts were then declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, and a replacement law, which was later known as the Bangsamoro Act No. 86, provided for the current scope of the regional parliamentary districts.

The parliamentary districts exist independently from the congressional districts used to determine representation in the national House of Representatives.[56]

Constituency Number of seats
BAA No. 58
(2024)
(declared unconstitutional)		 BAA No. 77
(2025)
(declared unconstitutional)		 BAA No. 86
(2026)
(current)
Basilan 3 4
Lanao del Sur 8 9
Maguindanao del Norte 4 5
Maguindanao del Sur 4 5
Sulu 7 —[h]
Tawi-Tawi 3 4
Cotabato City 2 3
Special Geographic Area 1 2

Sectoral representation

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The following is the distribution for the sectoral representatives seats:[52]

Sector Seats
Non-Moro Indigenous Peoples (NMIP)2
Settler communities2
Traditional leaders1
Women1
Ulama1
Youth1
Total8

The NMIPs, Traditional leaders, and 'Ulama representatives were supposed be elected in their own convention/assembly separate from the parliamentary elections. The names of the elected representatives should be submitted to the Commission on Elections seven days prior to the parliamentary elections and would be proclaimed simultaneously with the rest of the elected members of parliament.[52]

Ultimately, the entire region voted at-large for sectoral seats, except for the NMIP seat, which was determined via convention a few weeks prior to the election. Voting system is first-past-the-post voting for all other sectors, except for settler communities, which is via plurality block voting. A voter may opt to vote for all sectors, even on ones the voter is not a part of (i.e., a Christian male settler senior citizen may opt to vote for the ballot question for women, traditional leaders, youth and Ulama).

Calendar

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Original timetable

[edit]
Activity Start End
Publication of the implementing rules and regulations (IRR) of the Bangsamoro Electoral Code (Bangsamoro Autonomy Act 35)[58] April 17, 2024
Filing of petition for registration of regional parliament political parties and regional parliament sectoral organizations[59][60] May 15, 2024 July 1, 2024
(extended from June 7, 2024[61])
Submission of Sworn Information Update Statement (SIUS) to the Political Finance and Affairs Department (PFAD) and filing of registration or accreditation of a coalition[59] August 15, 2024 (deadline)
Submission of Manifestation of Intent to Participate in the Parliamentary Election of party representatives[59] August 30, 2024 (deadline)
Election day October 13, 2025

The period for the filing of candidacies in the election was initially scheduled from October 1–8, 2024. However, the Commission on Elections subsequently moved the date to November 4–9, 2024 due to the exclusion of Sulu from the BARMM by the Supreme Court.[62]

Current timetable

[edit]
Activity[63] Start End
Filing of certificates of candidacy for district representativespolitical parties May 5, 2026 May 7, 2026
Filing of lists of nominees and acceptance of nomination of regional parliamentary
Election period July 16, 2026 (start)
Campaign period July 30, 2026 September 12, 2026
Election day September 14, 2026

Parties

[edit]

Background

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When the United Bangsamoro Justice Party (UBJP) was asked in May 2021 if they would participate in the not-yet-postponed Bangsamoro elections, they said that they were "ready" but expressed preference that "there would be no election yet", so that they would keep focused on "the delivery of basic services" to residents of Bangsamoro. The UBJP is an affiliate of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, whose nominees form the majority of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament.[64]

On April 24, 2024, the Bangsamoro Peoples Party (BPP), the Al Ittihad–UKB Party and the Serbisyong Inklusibo–Alyansang Progresibo (SIAP) formed an electoral alliance for the 2025 election.[65]

Eligible parties should have at least 10,000 members with chapters throughout the Bangsamoro region.[66] This prerequisite remains despite Sulu's exclusion from Bangsamoro in September 2024.[67]

Contesting parties

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Eight parties have registered with the Commission on Elections as of March 2024.[68] On May 18, 2024, Sulu governor Abdusakur Mahail Tan announced that he would forego another term as governor in the 2025 local election and challenge Murad Ebrahim as Chief Minister during a rally in Maimbung. He received support from the BARMM Grand Coalition (BGC).[69] However, Tan became ineligible to run for chief minister following the Supreme Court decision excluding Sulu from the BARMM on September 9, 2024.[70]

Sixteen political groups sought accreditation for the purpose of parliamentary election.[71] The BGC registered as a regional party and not as a coalition, although two of its members, Al Ittihad–UKB and SIAP also sought separate accreditations.[72] As of November 5, 2024, there are eight accredited regional parties, including the BGC.[73][74]

In March 2026, the COMELEC asked all accredited parties to register again after their certifications were nullified by Bangsamoro Autonomy Act No. 88.[75] Sixteen political groups has filed applications by the April 6, 2026 deadline.[76] 13 parties were part of the tentative list of parties published on May 13, 2026.[77][78]

COMELEC cancelled the accreditation of Moro Ako Party as a regional party over alleged misrepresentation on August 4, 2026. The petition alleged that Moro Ako declared non-existent chapters but the party insisted that the offices do exist and there were only "typographical errors". COMELEC denied the motion for reconsideration by the party of August 28.[79] COMELEC also disqualified Anwar Alamada, the UBJP's candidate for the fifth parliamentary district of Maguindanao del Sur, after the Bangsamoro Federalist Party (BFP) candidate Rafsanjani Ali accused Alamada of falsely declaring that he was a long-time resident of the area.[80]

Contesting parties in the 2026 Bangsamoro Parliament election[81]
Name Affiliation/s Seats vying
PR FPTP Settler Women Youth Ulama TL
Al Ittihad–UKB Party Itihad BARMM Grand Coalition No Yes No No No No No
Alliance of Bangsamoro Tri-Peoples Party ABoT Yes No No No No No No
Bangsamoro Party[i] BaPA Moro National Liberation Front Yes Yes No Yes No No No
Bangsamoro Peoples Party BPP BARMM Grand Coalition No Yes No No No No No
Bangsamoro Empowerment and Social Transformation Party BEST Yes Yes No No No No No
Bangsamoro Federalist Party[j] BFP Partido Federal ng Pilipinas Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
BARMM Grand Coalition[82][83][k] BGC BARMM Grand Coalition Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Christians Settler for Peace C4P No No Yes No No No No
Datu sa Kabuntalan (Matampay) sa Magindanaw Royal Descendants Association Royals No No No No No No Yes
Dungon Traditional Leaders Organization DTLO No No No No No No Yes
Indigenous, Settlers, Sama and Minorities Alliance Party ISAMA Yes No No No No No No
Iranun Sultanate's League of the Philippines, Inc. ISLPI No No No No No No Yes
League of Bangsamoro Islamic Advocate Associate LBIAA No No No Yes No No No
Mahardika Party MP Moro National Liberation Front Yes Yes No No No No No
People's Consultative (Mushawara) Party Mushawara Yes No No No No No No
Partido Bangon Bangsamoro PBB Yes No No No No No No
Progresibong Bangsamoro Party PRO BM Yes Yes No No No No No
Raayat Democratic Party Raayat Yes No No No No No No
Royal House of the Sultanate of Marawi RHSUMA No No No No No No Yes
Royal House of the Sultanate of Pagayawan RHSUPA No No No No No No Yes
Royal Sultanate of Eastern Unayan RSEU No No No No No No Yes
Royal Sultanate of Langkong RSL No No No No No No Yes
Serbisyong Inklusibo–Alyansang Progresibo SIAP BARMM Grand Coalition No Yes No No No No No
Tawi-Tawi Provincial Women's Council Inc. TPWC No No No Yes No No No
United Bangsamoro Justice Party[l] UBJP Moro Islamic Liberation Front Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Independent N/a Yes No No No No No

Retiring incumbents

[edit]

The following members of the 2nd Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament did not run in the election:

Name Nominated by
Haron Abas[m] MILF
Mudjib Abu MILF
Laisa Alamia National Government
Mosber Alauddin MILF
Suharto Ambolodto National Government
Mohammad Kelie Antao National Government
Uttoh Salem Cutan National Government
Hashemi Dilangalen National Government
Rasul Ismael National Government
Saripuddin Jikiri National Government
Bai Ali Karon National Government
Abdullah Makapaar MILF
Froilyn Mendoza National Government
Abdulkarim Misuari National Government
Nurredha Misuari National Government
Rasol Mitmug Jr. National Government
Hussein Muñoz MILF
Ubaida Pacasem MILF
Ramon Piang Sr. MILF
Paisalin Tago National Government
Nabil Tan National Government
Adzfar Usman National Government

Elections

[edit]

Single member district

[edit]

Proportional representation

[edit]

Sectoral representatives

[edit]

Additionally, eight seats are reserved for sectoral representatives namely women, youth, non-Moro indigenous peoples (NMIP), settler communities, Ulama, and traditional leaders[84] Originally accredited organizations representing each group were to hold assemblies to determine their respective representatives.[85]

However, Bangsamoro Act No. 88 was passed amending the Bangsamoro Election Code.[84] The representatives for each sectoral group except the NMIPs should be held on the same election day through a plurality of valid votes by the electorate.[86] Eligible voters do not have to belong to a certain sector. This means that both men and women can vote for the women sector representative.[84]

Non-Moro Indigenous Peoples

[edit]

The COMELEC set July 27 to August 9, 2026, as the period where Non-Moro Indigenous People (NMIP) communities were to conduct their tribal assemblies and August 24 to September 4 as the period for Regional Inter-Tribal Convention to select the two representatives.[87]

On August 26, 2026, during the Regional Inter-Tribal Convention at the Pagana Convention Center in Cotabato City, the NMIPs chose two representatives for the Bangsamoro Parliament.[88] Six tribes were present during the Convention, namely the Limbubungan Higaonon, Erumanen ne Menuvu, Blaan, Dulangan Manobo, Lambiangan, and Teduray. Each of the six groups proposed two potential members of parliament and nominated ten members to the convention.[89]

The delegates have decided the order of representation for the six tribes. For the 2026 elections, they agree that the representatives should come from the Teduray and the Lambiangan. The next representatives in the immediate elections after 2026 will be selected from the Manobo Dulangan and Erumanen ne Menuvu, and then after the Blaan and Higaonon. The Teduray and the Lambiangan will then get their turn again.[90]

The Bangsamoro Electoral Code requires half of the NMIP representatives with two allocated seats to be women. The male nominee was Leticio Datuwata of the Lambiangan while the female nominee was Jo Genna Jover of the Teduray.[89]

Traditional leaders

[edit]

The traditional leaders sector represents the royal sultanates and houses in Bangsamoro. The following institutions were explicitly named in Section 31 of the Bangsamoro Electoral Code.[91]

The Intra-Sultanate Assembly was originally intended to determine the rotational order for the four groups from which the traditional leader sectoral representative would be selected. Under the original guidelines, the Sultanates of Maguindanao, Kabuntalan, and Buayan were treated as a single cluster and were to determine their own internal rotation.[92] However, Bangsamoro Autonomy Act No. 88 subsequently scrapped this arrangement, providing instead for the traditional leader sectoral representative to be elected by the electorate through plurality voting on election day.

Awareness

[edit]

The Institute for Autonomy and Governance (IAG) conducted a survey between January 27 and February 15, 2025, asking 2,688 likely voters. Almost half or 47.3% admitted they were completely unaware of how Bangsamoro region's voting process actually works.[93]

Security concerns

[edit]

Gun ban and other measures

[edit]

A gun ban went into effect in Bangsamoro on August 14, 2025, coinciding with the election period, and will last until October 28, 2025.[94] This also applies to Isabela in Basilan, despite the city itself not being part of Bangsamoro.[95] On September 11, 2025, COMELEC placed 12 municipalities in the Bangsamoro under its red areas of concern due to a history of conflict and violence. These included six towns in Lanao del Sur (Masiu, Lumba-Bayabao, Poona Bayabao, Tamparan, Taraka and Mulondo), five in Maguindanao del Sur (Paglat, Pandag, Buluan, Datu Paglas and Mangudadatu), and Al-Barka in Basilan.[96] Following the Supreme Court's ruling voiding Bangsamoro Autonomy Acts No. 77 and 58, COMELEC said that it would lift all election-related security measures.[97]

After the election was rescheduled to September 2026, a new gun ban went into effect on July 16, 2026, and will last until September 29, 2026.[98] By August 24, at least 15 people were arrested for violating the ban, while 20 firearms were seized. More than 24,000 security checkpoints were set up across the region,[99] while around 30,000 security personnel were deployed.[100]

At least 108 international observers from 16 organizations and diplomatic delegations have attended to watch the proceedings of the Bangsamoro election.[101]

Incidents

[edit]

On August 14, a convoy carrying interim BARMM Chief Minister Abdulraof Macacua was fired upon by unidentified assailants in Datu Odin Sinsuat, Maguindanao del Norte as he was returning from Kabuntalan, where he had assumed the leadership of the Bangsamoro Federalist Party. No injuries were recorded.[102]

On September 11, gunmen opened fire on the residence of Rima Hassan, the BFP candidate for the Lamitan constituency in Basilan, injuring two people including her son-in-law.[103]

Overnight on September 13-14, clashes broke out among rival supporters of the UBJP and BFP queuing in advance at a school being used as a polling precinct in Cotabato City, leaving three dead and 15 injured. In another incident in the city, gunmen opened fire on a group of UBJP supporters, with no injuries reported, while in a third incident, one person was critically injured in an explosion.[104][105] The incidents prompted the imposition of COMELEC control in the city as well as in Maluso in Basilan, following the discovery of 16,000 pre-shaded ballot papers that affected 36 of 38 polling stations in the municipality.[106][107] Voting in affected areas in Maluso began on September 15 after the compromised ballots were replaced.[108]

On election day, clashes broke out again between voters at another polling station in Cotabato City, leaving three people injured including a police officer.[109] In the town of Shariff Saydona Mustapha in Maguindanao del Sur, clashes broke out again between supporters of rival parties at a polling station which escalated into a shootout that involved a unit of the MILF and damaged the municipal hall. Two people, including a member of the PNP Special Action Force, were injured, while 10 others were arrested.[110]

Debate

[edit]

A debate was held at the Cardinal Quevedo Gym at Notre Dame University in Cotabato City on August 27, 2026. Thirteen participants representing their respective political parties or groups took part in the debate.[111]

Participants of the First BARMM Parliamentary Elections Debates[111]
No. Party Name Candidacy
1 ABoT Emran Mohammad Party 2nd nominee
2 BaPA Omar Crisostomo Sema Party 1st nominee
3 BEST Al-Rashid Balt Party 1st nominee
4 BFP Naguib Sinarimbo Cotabato City's 2nd district
5 BGC Amir Mawallil Party 8th nominee
6 ISAMA Abdulhussein Kashim Party 1st nominee
7 Mahardika Nur-Ainee Tan Lim Party 1st nominee
8 Moro Ako Najeeb Taib Party 2nd nominee
9 Mushawara Alipikre Basher Party 1st nominee
10 PBB Addie Unsi —
11 PRO BM Don Mustapha Loong Party 1st nominee
12 Raayat Jose Lorena Party 1st nominee
13 UBJP Sha Elijah Dumama-Alba Party 11th nominee

Results

[edit]

Summary

[edit]

Thirty of the eighty elected members of parliament are incumbent members of the preceding second interim parliament while eight are returning members. The elected candidates will start their term on October 30, 2026.[112]

Party or allianceProportionalDistrictSectoralTotal
seats
Votes%SeatsVotes%SeatsVotes%Seats
Bangsamoro Federalist Party[i]678,32835.8616624,18833.00152,011,04520.86031
United Bangsamoro Justice Party613,66332.4415580,22730.6794,222,42243.79630
BARMM Grand CoalitionBARMM Grand Coalition391,26620.68822,9391.2102,725,72428.2708
Serbisyong Inklusibo–Alyansang Progresibo345,50618.2666
Al Ittihad–UKB Party74,5843.9411
Bangsamoro Peoples Party48,1322.5400
Total391,26620.688491,16125.9672,725,72428.27015
Raayat Democratic Party68,8393.6411
Progresibong Bangsamoro Party36,6721.94041,4282.1911
Bangsamoro Party35,7771.89053,6182.83022,9190.2400
BEST Party26,9261.4202,7040.1400
Mahardika Party14,8000.7808,6760.4600
Alliance of Bangsamoro Tri-Peoples Party11,4280.6000
Mushawara Party8,0540.4300
ISAMA Party3,3120.1800
Partido Bangon Bangsamoro2,5940.1400
Iranun Sultanates League of the Philippines224,4592.3300
The Royal House of the Sultanate of Marawi123,1661.2800
Christians Settler for Peace113,3631.1800
Tawi-Tawi Provincial Women's Council106,1421.1000
Dungon Traditional Leaders Organization58,8780.6100
Datu sa Kabuntalan sa Magindanaw Royal Descendants Association11,0450.1100
League of Bangsamoro Islamic Advocate Associate9,2490.1000
Royal Sultanate of Langkong7,0820.0700
Royal Sultanate of Eastern Unayan6,8410.0700
Independent89,7584.7400
Non-Moro Indigenous Peoples seats22
Total1,891,659100.00401,891,760100.00329,642,335100.00880
Valid votes1,891,65993.721,891,76093.72
Invalid/blank votes[ii]126,8196.28126,7186.28
Total votes2,018,478100.002,018,478100.002,018,478–
Registered voters/turnout2,393,20284.342,393,20284.342,393,20284.34
Source: Commission on Elections (votes), GMA News (proportional and sectoral seats), Philippine News Agency (district seats and turnout)
  1. ↑ Includes the votes for Abdulraof Macacua, who ran in Maguindanao del Norte's 3rd district as an independent candidate.
  2. ↑ Includes 16,752 proportional votes for Moro Ako Party, which was disqualified.

Proclamation

[edit]

All thirty-two parliamentary district representatives were formally proclaimed on September 15.[113]

After midnight on September 16, the COMELEC Regional Board of Canvassers formally proclaimed all the elected members of the parliament. The BFP, UBJP, BGC, and Raayat Democratic Party secured all forty seats for political party representation. Moreover, the UBJP likewise secured all six sectoral seats.[114] Since none of the contesting parties managed to win the required 41-seat majority, this may result to a possible hung parliament.[115]

Defeated incumbents

[edit]
Name Nominated as
interim MP by		 Party Contested in
Akmad Abas MILF UBJP Proportional (17th nominee)
Basit Abbas MILF UBJP Proportional (25th nominee)
Lanang Ali Jr. MILF UBJP Proportional (19th nominee)
Baintan Ampatuan National Government Raayat Proportional (3rd nominee)
Susana Anayatin National Government BFP Settler Communities
Abdulbasit Benito MILF BFP Proportional (19th nominee)
Suharto Esmael MILF UBJP Proportional (27th nominee)
Matarul Estino MILF UBJP Proportional (26th nominee)
Amirodddin Gayak MILF UBJP Proportional (28th nominee)
Khalid Hadji Abdullah National Government Raayat Proportional (2nd nominee)
Abdullah Hashim MILF UBJP Proportional (21st nominee)
Hatimil Hassan National Government BAPA Proportional (4th nominee)
Faizal Karon National Government BAPA Proportional (7th nominee)
Benjamin Loong MILF UBJP Proportional (31st nominee)
Don Mustapha Loong National Government PROBM Proportional (1st nominee)
Butch Malang MILF BFP Special Geographic Area's 1st district
Baileng Mantawil MILF UBJP Proportional (23rd nominee)
Alirakim Munder National Government BGC Proportional (11th nominee)
Abdulwahab Pak MILF UBJP Proportional (16th nominee)
Randolph Parcasio National Government Mahardika Proportional (2nd nominee)
Omar Yasser Sema National Government BAPA Proportional (1st nominee)
Romeo Sema National Government Mahardika Cotabato City's 1st district
Kadil Sinolinding Jr. MILF Independent Special Geographic Area's 2nd district
Amenodin Sumagayan National Government SIAP Lanao del Sur's 4th district
Sittie Fahanie Uy-Oyod National Government Raayat Proportional (4th nominee)

Notes

[edit]
  1. ↑ Abdulraof Macacua ran as an independent candidate.
  2. ↑ Abdulraof Macacua was an incumbent member of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament before the election.
  3. ↑ Includes the seats for the Al Ittihad–UKB Party, the Bangsamoro Peoples Party and Serbisyong Inklusibo–Alyansang Progresibo.
  4. ↑ Includes the votes for Abdulraof Macacua, who ran in Maguindanao del Norte's 3rd district as an independent candidate.
  5. ↑ Includes the votes for the Al Ittihad–UKB Party, the Bangsamoro Peoples Party and Serbisyong Inklusibo–Alyansang Progresibo.
  6. ↑ Jose Lorena was an incumbent member of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament before the election.
  7. ↑ Don Mustapha Loong was an incumbent member of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament before the election.
  8. ↑ Not for contention after Sulu's exclusion in September 2024[57]
  9. ↑ Includes the Bangsamoro Party–Women.
  10. ↑ Including the Bangsamoro Federalist Party's Settler Communities Sectoral Wing, Women Sectoral Wing, Youth Sectoral Wing, Ulama Sectoral Wing and Traditional Leaders Sectoral Wing.
  11. ↑ Including the BARMM Grand Coalition–Youth Sectoral Wing and the Bangsamoro Grand Coalition–Traditional Leaders Sectoral Wing.
  12. ↑ Including the United Bangsamoro Justice Party's Settler Communities Sectoral Wing, Women Sectoral Wing, Youth Sectoral Wing, Ulama Sectoral Wing and Traditional Leaders Sectoral Wing.
  13. ↑ Haron Abas died on June 28, 2026.
  14. ↑ Still considered relevant by the Bangsamoro Commission for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage Resolution No. 1 of 2025,[92] despite the Supreme Court ruling excluding Sulu province from Bangsamoro in 2024.

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 Patinio, Ferdinand (September 16, 2026). "84.34% BPE voter turnout highest ever – Comelec". Philippine News Agency.
  2. ↑ Sarmiento, Bong S. (July 7, 2021). "Rep. Mangudadatu: MILF to still lead interim Bangsamoro gov't if transition period is extended". MindaNews. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  3. ↑ Sarmiento, Bong (October 29, 2021). "Duterte signs law postponing 2022 Bangsamoro polls to 2025". MindaNews. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
  4. ↑ Ismael, Javier Joe (August 27, 2021). "Senate agrees to postpone BARMM polls". The Manila Times. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  5. ↑ Rebollido, Rommel (September 4, 2021). "Regional polls postponement to help build 'strong Bangsamoro region' – BARMM execs". Rappler. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  6. ↑ "Advocates make 'last 2 minutes' effort to get BARMM transition extension". Philippine Daily Inquirer. August 31, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  7. 1 2 de la Cruz, Jovee Marie; Medenilla, Samuel (June 28, 2021). "House considers postponing first elections in BARMM". BusinessMirror. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  8. ↑ "No need for plebiscite to postpone BARMM elections – Tolentino". Rappler. May 26, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  9. ↑ Sarmiento, Bong S. (March 25, 2021). "Poll watchdog wants BARMM polls desynchronized from 2022 polls". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  10. ↑ Villaruel, Jauhn Etienne (September 6, 2021). "Senate oks bill postponing BARMM election until 2025". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  11. ↑ "After Senate, House passes bill postponing 2022 BARMM elections". Rappler. September 15, 2021. Retrieved September 15, 2021.
  12. ↑ "Barmm extension bill tracker: Postponement of polls to 2025 goes to bicam". pcij.org. Retrieved September 15, 2021.
  13. ↑ "Senate ratifies bicam report postponing 2022 BARMM polls". Rappler. September 27, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  14. ↑ Galvez, Daphne (October 29, 2021). "Duterte OKs postponement of first BARMM elections to 2025". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
  15. ↑ Recuenco, Aaron (March 4, 2022). "Duterte retains composition of Bangsamoro Transition Authority". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved March 5, 2022.
  16. ↑ Arguillas, Carolyn O. (August 12, 2022). "Marcos to Bangsamoro Transition Authority: no more extension; election in 2025". MindaNews. Retrieved August 13, 2022.
  17. ↑ "SC: Sulu Province not part of Bangsamoro Autonomous Region". ABS-CBN News. September 9, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  18. ↑ "Sulu's exclusion from BARMM leaves 7 parliamentary seats in limbo". Rappler. September 18, 2024. Retrieved September 18, 2024.
  19. ↑ "Bangsamoro parliament asks legislators to extend transition period to 2028". Rappler. October 24, 2024. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  20. ↑ "Escudero wants BARMM elections deferred to 2026". Rappler. November 4, 2024. Retrieved November 4, 2024.
  21. ↑ "House bill mirrors Escudero's Senate push to postpone BARMM elections". Rappler. November 6, 2024. Retrieved November 6, 2024.
  22. ↑ Sarmiento, Bong (November 8, 2024). "Maguindanao Sur gov, 35 CSOs reject Bangsamoro poll postponement". MindaNews. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
  23. ↑ Abarca, Charie (November 7, 2024). "PH officials clash over proposed deferral of BARMM polls". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
  24. ↑ "Bangsamoro gov't welcomes moves to reset parliamentary polls - spox". MindaNews. November 14, 2024. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
  25. ↑ Fonbuena, Carmela (November 15, 2024). "[INTERVIEW] Iqbal: More advantageous for MILF if election is held in 2025". Rappler. Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
  26. ↑ "3 governors back move to postpone BARMM polls to 2026". GMA News. November 21, 2024. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
  27. ↑ "Comelec: BARMM parliament ballot printing postponed". GMA News. February 16, 2025. Retrieved February 16, 2025.
  28. ↑ Mangaluz, Jean (February 21, 2025). "Marcos approves postponement of BARMM elections". The Philippine Star. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  29. ↑ "Comelec: only 73 of 80 parliamentary seats up for grabs in October BARMM polls". MindaNews. June 26, 2025. Retrieved June 26, 2025.
  30. ↑ "High court halts BARMM redistricting law". Philippine Daily Inquirer. September 17, 2025. Retrieved September 25, 2025.
  31. ↑ "Comelec suspends preparations for Bangsamoro elections". ABS-CBN. September 17, 2025. Retrieved September 25, 2025.
  32. ↑ "Comelec says holding BARMM polls on Oct. 13 'legally, factually impossible'". ABS-CBN. September 25, 2025. Retrieved September 25, 2025.
  33. ↑ Gozum, Iya (October 1, 2025). "BARMM polls postponed as SC declares districting laws unconstitutional". Rappler. Retrieved October 1, 2025.
  34. ↑ Sampang, Dianne (November 4, 2025). "Comelec: BTA has until Nov. 30 to pass redistricting law". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved December 23, 2025.
  35. ↑ "No new BARMM districting law by Nov. 30, no election in March 2026". MindaNews. November 19, 2025. Retrieved December 23, 2025.
  36. ↑ Locus, Sundy (November 25, 2025). "Comelec sets BARMM election on March 30, 2026". GMA News Online. Retrieved November 25, 2025.
  37. ↑ "Bangsamoro parliament fails to enact new redistricting law". Philippine Daily Inquirer. December 21, 2025. Retrieved December 23, 2025.
  38. ↑ Banal, Anton (November 23, 2025). "Comelec in bind over Barmm law delay". SunStar. SunStar Publishing Inc. Retrieved December 23, 2025.
  39. ↑ Villanueva, Rhodina. "Comelec eyes moving BARMM polls to November". The Philippine Star. Retrieved December 23, 2025.
  40. ↑ Corrales, Cong (December 23, 2025). "Macacua races against time, seeks special year-end session". Gold Star Daily News. Retrieved January 2, 2026.
  41. ↑ Fernandez, Edwin (January 3, 2026). "BARMM districting measure postponed anew". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 4, 2026.
  42. ↑ Ferreras, Vince Angelo (January 11, 2026). "BTA Parliament to tackle Bangsamoro redistricting on Jan. 12". GMA News. Retrieved January 13, 2026.
  43. ↑ Bacongco, Keith (January 13, 2026). "BARMM Parliament OKs redistricting bill". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved January 13, 2026.
  44. ↑ "BARMM Parliament okays long-delayed law, sets 32-district map for polls". Rappler. January 13, 2026. Retrieved January 13, 2026.
  45. ↑ "Late BARMM districting law risks March vote postponement". Rappler. January 13, 2026. Retrieved January 13, 2026.
  46. ↑ Trazo, Carlos (January 28, 2026). "Comelec defers March 30 Bangsamoro parliamentary elections". ABS-CBN. Retrieved January 28, 2026.
  47. ↑ Tulad, Victoria (February 11, 2026). "First BARMM parliamentary elections eyed on September 14". ABS-CBN. Retrieved February 11, 2026.
  48. ↑ Serquiña, Mariel Celine (March 25, 2026). "Marcos OKs law resetting BARMM polls to September 14". GMA News. Retrieved March 25, 2026.
  49. ↑ Maralit, Kristina (March 25, 2026). "Marcos enacts law resetting the first BARMM elections". The Manila Times. Retrieved March 25, 2026.
  50. ↑ "Parliamentary & Electoral System". Access Bangsamoro. Archived from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  51. 1 2 3 "Bangsamoro Electoral Code of 2023" (PDF). Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  52. ↑ Locus, Sundy (February 24, 2025). "Candidate photos, party logos in BARMM ballots - Comelec". GMA News. Retrieved February 24, 2025.
  53. ↑ "BARMM ballots to feature candidate photos, party logos". Daily Tribune. June 27, 2026. Retrieved September 20, 2026.
  54. ↑ Cabrera, Ferdinandh (February 29, 2024). "Bill creating 32 single-member parliamentary districts in the BARMM passed". MindaNews. Retrieved February 29, 2024.
  55. ↑ Panti, Llanesca (June 20, 2019). "BARMM's new parliamentary districts won't affect representation in House, says BTA member". GMA News. Retrieved June 22, 2019.
  56. ↑ Cabrera, Ferdinandh (September 18, 2024). "Sulu's exclusion from BARMM leaves 7 parliamentary seats in limbo". Rappler. Retrieved September 18, 2024.
  57. ↑ Sarmiento, Bong (May 1, 2024). "Comelec asks BARMM political parties to get accreditation as Bangsamoro Electoral Code's IRR finally out". MindaNews. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  58. 1 2 3 Medenilla, Samuel (May 2, 2024). "Comelec sets timeline for 2025 Bangsamoro polls". BusinessMirror. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
  59. ↑ Saliring, Alwen (May 28, 2024). "Residents urged to run for sectoral posts in first BARMM polls". GMA Regional TV. Retrieved May 28, 2024.
  60. ↑ Locus, Sundy (June 7, 2024). "Comelec extends accreditation period for political parties, sectoral groups for BARMM polls". GMA News. Retrieved June 7, 2024.
  61. ↑ "Comelec moves COC filing for BARMM elections to November 4 to 9". Rappler. September 11, 2024. Retrieved September 11, 2024.
  62. ↑ Sampang, Dianne (April 10, 2026). "BARMM polls: Comelec releases key dates, prohibited acts list". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 12, 2026.
  63. ↑ Solaiman, Taher G. (May 13, 2021). "11 Maguindanao mayors join MILF political party". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved May 13, 2021.
  64. ↑ Cervantes, Filane Mikee (April 25, 2024). "BARMM political parties form alliance to ensure peaceful 2025 polls". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved April 25, 2024.
  65. ↑ "Bangsamoro leaders ask SC to nullify some provisions of region's election code". The Philippine Star. June 18, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2023.
  66. ↑ Cabalza, Dexter (September 16, 2024). "Comelec changes schedule for BARMM parties". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  67. ↑ Fernandez, Edwin (March 20, 2024). "BARMM parties vow peaceful regional polls". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  68. ↑ Gallardo, Froilan (May 18, 2024). "Sulu Governor Abdusakur Tan to challenge Murad in BARMM". Rappler. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  69. ↑ Buan, Lian (September 11, 2024). "Sulu's exclusion from BARMM removes MILF's election rival". Rappler. Retrieved September 11, 2024.
  70. ↑ Cabato, Luisa (July 2, 2024). "BARMM polls: 16 political, 1,500 sectoral orgs seek accreditation". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  71. ↑ Arguilas, Carolyn (August 26, 2024). "BARMM 2025 Parliamentary Elections: voters to cast 2 ballots". MindaNews. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  72. ↑ Locus, Sundy (October 2, 2024). "Comelec accredits 3 parties in BARMM elections". GMA News. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  73. ↑ Latoza, Guinevere (November 5, 2024). "LIST: BARMM regional parties accredited for the May 2025 parliamentary elections". PCIJ. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  74. ↑ "Comelec asks BARMM parties, sectoral groups to re-register". Philippine News Agency. March 12, 2026. Retrieved April 12, 2026.
  75. ↑ Naval, Gerard (April 9, 2026). "16 BARMM political parties seek registration". Malaya Business Insight. Retrieved April 12, 2026.
  76. ↑ "Certified List of Candidates" (PDF). Commission on Elections. May 13, 2026. Retrieved May 15, 2026.
  77. ↑ Banal, Anton (May 1, 2026). "Comelec releases tentative list of BPE bets, parties". SunStar. SunStar Publishing Inc. Retrieved May 15, 2026.
  78. ↑ Salcedo, Mary Joy (August 28, 2026). "Moro Ako loses appeal as Comelec upholds BARMM registration cancellation". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved August 29, 2026.
  79. ↑ Fernandez, Edwin (August 29, 2026). "MILF candidate to seek SC relief after Comelec cancels candidacy". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved September 10, 2026.
  80. ↑ "Tentative List of Candidates in Connection with the 2026 The Bangsamoro Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) Parliamentary Elections (2026 BPE)". Commission on Elections. May 13, 2026.
  81. ↑ Bacongo, Keith (April 29, 2024). "Cracks, alliances surface ahead of BARMM elections in 2025". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved May 4, 2024.
  82. ↑ Gallardo, Froilan (April 29, 2024). "Coalition party in 2025 Bangsamoro polls flexes political muscles in Marawi". MindaNews. Retrieved May 4, 2024.
  83. 1 2 3 Galaura, Vincent (September 2, 2026). "News Risks to 'genuine sectoral representation' persist ahead of historic 1st BARMM polls". VERA Files. Retrieved September 5, 2026.
  84. ↑ Banal, Anton (January 8, 2026). "Barmm sectoral reps to be proclaimed with elected parliament members". SunStar. Retrieved September 5, 2026.
  85. ↑ "Bangsamoro Autonomy Act No. 88" (PDF). Bangsamoro Parliament. Retrieved August 17, 2026.
  86. ↑ "Non-Moro IPs choose their 2 reps in the Bangsamoro Parliament ahead of the rest". MindaNews. July 5, 2026. Retrieved July 8, 2026.
  87. ↑ Cabrera, Ferdinandh (August 27, 2026). "First non-Moro Indigenous Peoples' representatives selected for BARMM Parliament". MindaNews. Retrieved August 29, 2026.
  88. 1 2 Fernandez, Edwin (August 27, 2026). "Non-Moro IPs elect 2 BARMM parliament reps through traditional process". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved August 27, 2026.
  89. ↑ Gozum, Iya (August 25, 2026). "Non-Moro IPs select representatives to Bangsamoro Parliament ahead of polls". RAPPLER. Retrieved August 28, 2026.
  90. ↑ "BAA 35: Bangsamoro Electoral Code - Sec. 31. Manner of Election of Traditional Leaders" (PDF). p. 19. Retrieved September 12, 2024. For this purpose, the Bangsamoro Commission for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage (BCPCH) shall hold a regional convention of Sultans representing the Sultanates of: a) Sulu b) Maguindanao, Kabuntalan, and Buayan, c) Ranao, and d) Iranun...
  91. 1 2 "Supplemental Resolution to Resolution No. 001 by the Bangsamoro Commission for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage Entitled "A Resolution Adopting the General Guidelines on the 2025 Regional Convention of Sultans and Intra-Sultanate Assembly of Traditional Leaders' Sectoral Organizations (SOs) and Sectoral Wings of Regional Parliamentary Political Parties (RPPPs) in the BARMM for the Election of the Traditional Leader Sectoral Representative in the Bangsamoro Parliament"" (PDF). August 13, 2025. Retrieved September 5, 2026.
  92. ↑ "Nearly half of BARMM voters in the dark on how to elect parliament". Rappler. September 10, 2025. Retrieved September 10, 2025.
  93. ↑ Cabrera, Ferdinandh (August 14, 2025). "BARMM election period begins; gun ban in effect". Rappler. Retrieved August 14, 2025.
  94. ↑ Banal, Anton (August 15, 2025). "Comelec: Gun ban in effect in Isabela City". SunStar. SunStar Publishing Inc. Retrieved August 15, 2025.
  95. ↑ Locus, Sundy (September 11, 2025). "Comelec places 12 areas under 'red' category ahead of BARMM polls". GMA News. Retrieved September 11, 2025.
  96. ↑ Manahan, Job (October 4, 2025). "Comelec lifts gun ban, other poll-related prohibitions in Bangsamoro". ABS-CBN. Retrieved October 4, 2025.
  97. ↑ Fernandez, Edwin (August 5, 2026). "13 election gun ban violators arrested in BARMM". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
  98. ↑ "Comelec: More than 24,000 checkpoints put up across BARMM". ABS-CBN. August 24, 2026. Retrieved August 24, 2026.
  99. ↑ "Comelec justifies battalions of security forces in BARMM". ABS-CBN. September 11, 2026. Retrieved September 11, 2026.
  100. ↑ Gregorio, Andrea; Fernandez, Edwin (September 13, 2026). "Int'l observers join watch on BARMM polls". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved September 14, 2026.
  101. ↑ "BARMM Interim chief minister Macacua's convoy ambushed in Maguindanao del Norte". ABS-CBN. August 15, 2026. Retrieved August 15, 2026.
  102. ↑ "Son-in-law of BARMM parliament candidate hurt in gun attack". The Philippine Star. September 12, 2026. Retrieved September 12, 2026.
  103. ↑ "3 dead, 15 wounded in BARMM election eve clash over school queue in Cotabato City". GMA News. September 14, 2026. Retrieved September 14, 2026.
  104. ↑ "Early violence mars election morning in BARMM regional center". Rappler. September 14, 2026. Retrieved September 14, 2026.
  105. ↑ "2 BARMM areas under Comelec control". ABS-CBN. September 14, 2026. Retrieved September 14, 2026.
  106. ↑ "Comelec: Over 15 people involved in alleged Bangsamoro pre-shaded ballots". ABS-CBN. September 30, 2026. Retrieved September 30, 2026.
  107. ↑ Agonoy, Leah (September 15, 2026). "Voting resumes in precincts in Maluso, Basilan after ballot issue". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved September 15, 2026.
  108. ↑ "Voting suspended as 3, including cop, hurt in shooting at Cotabato City". ABS-CBN. September 14, 2026. Retrieved September 14, 2026.
  109. ↑ "2 injured, 10 arrested in five-hour gunfight in Maguindanao del Sur during parliament vote". ABS-CBN. September 14, 2026. Retrieved September 15, 2026.
  110. 1 2 "Historic 1st BARMM Elections Debate: voters get preview of what political parties stand for". MindaNews. August 31, 2026. Retrieved September 8, 2026.
  111. ↑ Arguillas, Carolyn (September 24, 2026). "38 of 80 elected MPs are former or incumbent MPs; oldest MP is 79, youngest is 26". MindaNews. Retrieved September 24, 2026.
  112. ↑ Citations, in order:
  113. ↑ Abas, Aisah; Cejudo, John-Jeo (September 16, 2026). "BARMM's first elected parliament proclaimed, to assume office Oct. 30". Bangsamoro Information Office. Retrieved September 16, 2026.
  114. ↑ "After landmark polls, BARMM facing hung parliament". Agence France-Presse. September 15, 2026. Retrieved September 16, 2026 – via ABS-CBN News.
[edit]
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