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    Universal continuous-variable quantum computation: Requirement of optical nonlinearity for photon counting

    Stephen D. Bartlett1 and Barry C. Sanders1,2

    • 1Department of Physics and Centre for Advanced Computing–Algorithms and Cryptography, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
    • 2Quantum Entanglement Project, ICORP, JST, Edward L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, California 94305-4085

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    Phys. Rev. A 65, 042304 – Published 18 March, 2002

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.65.042304

    Abstract

    Although universal continuous-variable quantum computation cannot be achieved via linear optics (including squeezing), homodyne detection, and feed-forward, inclusion of ideal photon-counting measurements overcomes this obstacle. These measurements are sometimes described by arrays of beam splitters to distribute the photons across several modes. We show that such a scheme cannot be used to implement ideal photon counting and that such measurements necessarily involve nonlinear evolution. However, this requirement of nonlinearity can be moved “off-line,” thereby permitting universal continuous-variable quantum computation with linear optics.

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    Phys. Rev. A 65, 042304– Published 18 March, 2002
    • Received 10 October 2001

    © 2002 American Physical Society

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