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The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20260118095241/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/colombia/
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Colombia

South America

Photos of Colombia

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More than half of the emeralds in the world come from Colombia. These emeralds are highly prized for their rare deep-green color, and the 167-carat Mackay Emerald (pictured) from Colombia is the largest cut emerald in the Smithsonian National Gem Collection. The Art Deco-style necklace was a wedding gift in 1931 from Clarence Mackay to his wife, Anna Case, a world-renowned soprano at the New York Metropolitan Opera from 1909 to 1920. The singer bequeathed the necklace to the Smithsonian when she died in 1984. Photo courtesy of the Smithsonian Institution.
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Contents

Introduction

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Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Definitions and Notes
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Geography

Area

comparison ranking: total 27

Area - comparative

Area comparison map:
<p>slightly less than twice the size of Texas</p

People and Society

Languages

Spanish audio sample:

Age structure

2024 population pyramid:
This is the population pyramid for Colombia. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends. <br/><br/>For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page.

Median age

comparison ranking: total 113

Population growth rate

comparison ranking: 142

Birth rate

comparison ranking: 110

Death rate

comparison ranking: 113

Net migration rate

comparison ranking: 170

Maternal mortality ratio

comparison ranking: 88

Infant mortality rate

comparison ranking: total 111

Total fertility rate

comparison ranking: 111

Tobacco use

comparison ranking: total 146

Environment

Government

Economy

Real GDP growth rate

comparison ranking: 159

Real GDP per capita

comparison ranking: 110

Labor force

comparison ranking: 26

Unemployment rate

comparison ranking: 146

Public debt

comparison ranking: 56

Taxes and other revenues

comparison ranking: 71

Current account balance

comparison ranking: 180

Exports

comparison ranking: 55

Imports

comparison ranking: 52

Debt - external

comparison ranking: 9

Energy

Communications

Transportation

Airports

comparison ranking: 11

Heliports

comparison ranking: 35

Merchant marine

comparison ranking: total 74

Military and Security

Space

Terrorism

Transnational Issues

Contents