Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Vancouver, City (CY)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	662,248	...	...
Population, 2016¹	631,486	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	328,347	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	305,336	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,749.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	115.18	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	662,250	324,570	337,675
0 to 14 years	70,570	36,595	33,980
0 to 4 years	23,840	12,170	11,670
5 to 9 years	23,070	12,140	10,930
10 to 14 years	23,660	12,280	11,380
15 to 64 years	478,960	236,425	242,535
15 to 19 years	26,315	13,645	12,670
20 to 24 years	43,290	21,135	22,155
25 to 29 years	67,155	32,785	34,375
30 to 34 years	69,225	34,580	34,640
35 to 39 years	57,330	29,065	28,270
40 to 44 years	45,075	22,380	22,695
45 to 49 years	42,045	20,055	21,990
50 to 54 years	44,840	21,665	23,175
55 to 59 years	44,360	22,060	22,305
60 to 64 years	39,320	19,060	20,265
65 years and over	112,720	51,555	61,160
65 to 69 years	34,590	16,420	18,170
70 to 74 years	30,055	14,175	15,880
75 to 79 years	18,520	8,495	10,025
80 to 84 years	13,865	6,080	7,785
85 years and over	15,695	6,385	9,310
85 to 89 years	9,425	4,055	5,370
90 to 94 years	4,685	1,870	2,815
95 to 99 years	1,350	410	935
100 years and over	235	50	185
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.7	11.3	10.1
15 to 64 years	72.3	72.8	71.8
65 years and over	17.0	15.9	18.1
85 years and over	2.4	2.0	2.8
Average age of the population	42.2	41.5	43.0
Median age of the population	39.6	38.8	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	305,335	...	...
Single-detached house	44,750	...	...
Semi-detached house	4,800	...	...
Row house	10,815	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	54,305	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	95,120	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	94,815	...	...
Other single-attached house	695	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	305,335	...	...
1 person	119,805	...	...
2 persons	100,730	...	...
3 persons	38,600	...	...
4 persons	29,140	...	...
5 or more persons	17,060	...	...
Number of persons in private households	650,380	317,905	332,475
Average household size	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	591,675	287,980	303,700
Married or living common-law	298,085	149,430	148,660
Married	230,735	114,860	115,875
Living common-law	67,350	34,570	32,780
Living common law - Never married	57,990	29,630	28,355
Living common law - Separated	1,120	650	465
Living common law - Divorced	7,740	4,060	3,675
Living common law - Widowed	500	225	280
Not married and not living common-law	293,585	138,550	155,040
Not married and not living common law - Never married	218,140	113,810	104,325
Not married and not living common law - Separated	13,790	5,870	7,920
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	37,675	14,270	23,400
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	23,985	4,595	19,390
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	168,660	...	...
2 persons	96,975	...	...
3 persons	35,905	...	...
4 persons	28,165	...	...
5 or more persons	7,615	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	168,660	...	...
Total couple families	142,595	...	...
Married couples	108,925	...	...
With children⁶	58,130	...	...
Without children	50,790	...	...
Common-law couples	33,675	...	...
With children⁶	5,370	...	...
Without children	28,305	...	...
Total one-parent families	26,060	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	21,285	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	4,780	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	650,380	317,905	332,470
Total - Persons in census families	454,055	224,315	229,740
Married spouses or common-law partners	285,190	143,975	141,215
Parents in one-parent families	26,065	4,780	21,280
Children⁶	142,800	75,560	67,245
In a two-parent family	106,565	56,110	50,460
In a one-parent family	36,235	19,450	16,780
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	196,325	93,590	102,735
Living alone	119,805	56,365	63,440
Living with other relatives⁷	19,650	7,505	12,145
Living with non-relatives only	56,870	29,725	27,150
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	305,335	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	142,375	...	...
Couple-family households	122,210	...	...
With children⁶	53,125	...	...
Without children	69,085	...	...
One-parent-family households	20,160	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	8,260	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	2,030	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	9,045	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	23,825	...	...
One-person households	119,805	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	580,010	281,450	298,560
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	563,730	273,475	290,250
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	45,600	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	564,040	273,650	290,390
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	40,800	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	508,185	247,130	261,055
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	44,800	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	415,915	207,825	208,085
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	46,400	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	454,870	209,135	245,735
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	7,900	8,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	49,505	22,375	27,125
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	170,155	82,630	87,525
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,500	9,000	9,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	580,010	281,355	298,655
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	563,600	273,300	290,295
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,250	71,700	53,350
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	563,910	273,480	290,425
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,080	56,050	44,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	508,140	246,985	261,155
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,150	71,200	49,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	415,915	208,040	207,875
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,700	68,400	48,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	454,215	208,415	245,800
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,940	9,620	10,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	49,585	22,205	27,380
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,410	5,835	6,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	169,180	82,150	87,035
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,610	9,600	9,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	580,010	281,355	298,660
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	192,635	104,825	87,805
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,500	74,500	64,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	90,200	101,400	76,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	173,660	79,770	93,895
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200	21,800	19,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,400	37,080	30,280
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.2	89.8	83.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.6	72.6	65.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.9	10.2	16.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.7	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.6	4.7	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.0	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	580,010	281,455	298,560
Without total income	16,285	7,975	8,305
With total income	563,730	273,475	290,255
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55,370	25,295	30,075
$10,000 to $19,999	61,180	28,340	32,835
$20,000 to $29,999	86,405	38,360	48,045
$30,000 to $39,999	67,875	30,530	37,345
$40,000 to $49,999	55,555	25,140	30,420
$50,000 to $59,999	46,055	20,965	25,095
$60,000 to $69,999	37,150	18,060	19,085
$70,000 to $79,999	30,195	15,230	14,965
$80,000 to $89,999	24,045	12,365	11,675
$90,000 to $99,999	19,545	10,140	9,405
$100,000 and over	80,345	49,040	31,310
$100,000 to $149,999	46,155	26,435	19,725
$150,000 and over	34,195	22,605	11,585
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	580,010	281,455	298,560
Without after-tax income	15,975	7,800	8,170
With after-tax income	564,035	273,650	290,385
Under $10,000 (including loss)	57,995	26,550	31,445
$10,000 to $19,999	63,245	29,355	33,890
$20,000 to $29,999	97,585	43,580	54,000
$30,000 to $39,999	77,280	35,020	42,265
$40,000 to $49,999	63,640	28,995	34,650
$50,000 to $59,999	50,160	23,985	26,170
$60,000 to $69,999	38,210	19,210	18,995
$70,000 to $79,999	29,320	15,255	14,070
$80,000 to $89,999	21,470	11,310	10,165
$90,000 to $99,999	14,965	8,400	6,570
$100,000 and over	50,165	32,000	18,165
$100,000 to $124,999	21,515	13,030	8,490
$125,000 and over	28,645	18,970	9,670
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	580,010	281,455	298,560
Without employment income	164,095	73,625	90,470
With employment income	415,915	207,825	208,090
Under $5,000 (including loss)	51,110	23,615	27,495
$5,000 to $9,999	33,650	15,005	18,650
$10,000 to $19,999	48,115	21,800	26,315
$20,000 to $29,999	36,415	16,885	19,535
$30,000 to $39,999	34,295	16,015	18,285
$40,000 to $49,999	34,220	16,115	18,105
$50,000 to $59,999	32,385	15,285	17,100
$60,000 to $69,999	27,390	13,915	13,475
$70,000 to $79,999	22,615	11,835	10,775
$80,000 to $89,999	19,180	10,170	9,010
$90,000 to $99,999	15,870	8,395	7,475
$100,000 and over	60,670	38,800	21,870
$100,000 to $124,999	23,930	13,870	10,065
$125,000 and over	36,740	24,935	11,810
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	580,010	281,450	298,560
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	545,310	263,635	281,675
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	43,600	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	546,235	263,895	282,350
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,400	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	499,605	242,560	257,045
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	45,200	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	418,280	207,555	210,730
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	45,600	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	356,615	156,025	200,590
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,680	1,140	2,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	25,265	10,865	14,400
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640	4,960	6,320
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	580,010	281,355	298,655
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	544,950	263,290	281,655
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,550	69,400	50,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	545,825	263,560	282,260
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,800	54,250	41,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	499,235	242,210	257,020
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,450	71,500	50,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	418,215	207,730	210,490
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,800	66,600	47,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	356,225	155,625	200,600
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,420	6,050	6,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25,615	10,960	14,660
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,390	6,135	8,320
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	580,010	281,355	298,660
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	189,135	102,835	86,300
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	68,500	58,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,600	93,600	69,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	162,990	74,715	88,275
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	29,200	25,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,840	45,040	35,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.0	94.8	90.6
Employment income (%)	73.2	75.8	70.0
Government transfers (%)	7.0	5.2	9.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.4	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	305,335	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	119,805	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	185,530	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	305,335	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	114,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	119,745	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	185,595	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	148,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	305,335	...	...
Under $5,000	7,260	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,990	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,025	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	8,210	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	14,595	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10,570	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10,515	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	11,620	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10,450	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10,315	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20,760	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	19,740	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	18,775	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	17,225	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15,485	...	...
$100,000 and over	122,810	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	31,225	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	23,270	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	29,850	...	...
$200,000 and over	38,465	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	305,335	...	...
Under $5,000	8,305	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	3,055	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,095	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	8,565	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15,495	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	12,065	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	12,080	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	13,130	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	12,385	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	12,390	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	24,430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	22,815	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20,975	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	18,315	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15,955	...	...
$100,000 and over	101,285	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	31,545	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	22,240	...	...
$150,000 and over	47,500	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	167,155	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	72,300	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	63,570	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	23,830	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	176,675	86,085	90,590
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	40,800	40,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	37,200	37,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	167,290	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	151,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	72,225	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	63,625	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	189,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	23,690	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	91,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	176,080	85,775	90,300
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,850	58,500	53,350
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,080	47,640	44,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	650,380	317,910	332,475
0 to 17 years	85,590	44,450	41,145
0 to 5 years	28,350	14,510	13,840
18 to 64 years	457,950	224,570	233,380
65 years and over	106,840	48,890	57,950
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	86,125	41,205	44,920
0 to 17 years	11,150	5,880	5,270
0 to 5 years	3,325	1,745	1,580
18 to 64 years	55,890	27,030	28,860
65 years and over	19,085	8,295	10,790
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.2	13.0	13.5
0 to 17 years (%)	13.0	13.2	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	11.7	12.0	11.4
18 to 64 years (%)	12.2	12.0	12.4
65 years and over (%)	17.9	17.0	18.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	650,380	317,905	332,470
0 to 17 years	85,590	44,450	41,145
0 to 5 years	28,345	14,510	13,835
18 to 64 years	457,945	224,570	233,380
65 years and over	106,845	48,895	57,950
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65,275	32,655	32,620
0 to 17 years	7,110	3,740	3,370
0 to 5 years	1,960	1,040	925
18 to 64 years	49,925	25,145	24,780
65 years and over	8,240	3,775	4,465
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.0	10.3	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.4	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.9	7.2	6.7
18 to 64 years (%)	10.9	11.2	10.6
65 years and over (%)	7.7	7.7	7.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	650,385	317,910	332,475
In bottom half of the distribution	303,380	145,145	158,235
In bottom decile	88,275	43,010	45,265
In second decile	59,770	28,155	31,615
In third decile	53,530	25,395	28,135
In fourth decile	50,535	24,140	26,400
In fifth decile	51,270	24,445	26,820
In top half of the distribution	347,000	172,760	174,240
In sixth decile	53,315	25,725	27,590
In seventh decile	55,165	26,850	28,315
In eighth decile	61,520	30,295	31,225
In ninth decile	70,990	35,610	35,385
In top decile	106,000	54,280	51,725
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	650,380	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.413	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.504	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.361	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	654,825	320,740	334,090
English only	555,235	277,365	277,870
French only	345	165	180
English and French	61,055	27,905	33,150
Neither English nor French	38,195	15,310	22,885
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	654,825	320,740	334,090
English	602,935	298,590	304,340
French	10,485	5,405	5,085
English and French	3,685	1,655	2,030
Neither English nor French	37,725	15,090	22,630
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	654,825	320,740	334,090
Single responses	619,175	303,765	315,405
Official languages	342,060	178,135	163,930
English	332,135	172,950	159,185
French	9,925	5,180	4,745
Non-official languages	277,105	125,635	151,475
Indigenous languages³⁹	295	145	145
Algonquian languages	155	85	75
Blackfoot	10	5	10
Cree-Innu languages	115	60	50
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	115	60	50
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	5	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	30	10	20
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	70	40	30
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	15	10
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	5	5	0
Ojibway languages	20	10	10
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	5	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	5	0	5
Ojibway, n.o.s.	15	10	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	35	20	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	35	20	15
Dakelh (Carrier)	20	10	5
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	5	5	0
Kaska (Nahani)	5	5	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	10	5	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	5	0	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	5	5	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	5	5
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	5	5	5
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	5	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	45	25	15
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	20	10	10
Nisga'a	15	10	5
Tsimshian	10	5	5
Wakashan languages	25	5	15
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	5
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	5	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Non-Indigenous languages	276,815	125,485	151,330
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,930	2,745	2,185
Berber languages	30	20	10
Kabyle	15	15	5
Tamazight	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	5	5	0
Hausa	5	5	0
Mina	5	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	240	120	120
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	95	50	45
Somali	145	65	80
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Semitic languages	4,655	2,600	2,050
Amharic	290	150	140
Arabic	2,965	1,710	1,255
Aramaic languages	85	45	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	45	25	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	5	5	5
Hebrew	1,105	600	505
Maltese	15	5	5
Tigrigna	190	90	100
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	12,140	5,385	6,755
Khmer (Cambodian)	230	100	130
Vietnamese	11,870	5,265	6,610
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	40	20	20
Austronesian languages	24,020	9,625	14,395
Bikol	110	40	70
Bisaya, n.o.s.	225	80	145
Cebuano	655	230	430
Fijian	40	20	15
Hiligaynon	570	210	360
Ilocano	1,840	760	1,080
Indonesian	1,085	490	595
Kankanaey	45	20	25
Kinaray-a	50	15	30
Malagasy languages	5	0	5
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Malay	85	45	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	210	95	120
Pangasinan	105	40	65
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	18,675	7,450	11,220
Waray-Waray	65	25	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	250	105	145
Creole languages	100	50	55
Haitian Creole	20	10	5
Jamaican English Creole	5	5	0
Krio	5	0	5
Morisyen	35	15	20
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15
Dravidian languages	3,015	1,730	1,285
Kannada	140	75	65
Malayalam	580	340	235
Tamil	1,615	855	755
Telugu	665	450	215
Tulu	15	5	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Georgian	25	15	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	86,610	42,565	44,040
Albanian	170	90	80
Armenian	315	165	150
Balto-Slavic languages	14,805	6,655	8,150
Baltic languages	250	90	160
Latvian	95	40	60
Lithuanian	150	50	105
Slavic languages	14,555	6,565	7,990
Belarusian	15	5	10
Bulgarian	435	185	250
Czech	1,000	490	510
Macedonian	80	40	45
Polish	2,505	1,125	1,380
Russian	5,155	2,235	2,920
Rusyn	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	3,735	1,775	1,965
Bosnian	355	160	190
Croatian	1,120	505	615
Serbian	2,185	1,065	1,120
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	80	40	35
Slovak	615	275	335
Slovene (Slovenian)	135	60	75
Ukrainian	865	360	500
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Celtic languages	100	70	35
Irish	45	35	15
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	5
Welsh	40	25	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Germanic languages	7,450	3,660	3,785
Frisian	10	5	5
High German languages	5,050	2,400	2,650
German	4,725	2,245	2,475
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	220	105	115
Yiddish	100	45	55
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	1,530	825	705
Afrikaans	300	160	140
Dutch	1,150	620	525
Low German, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Low Saxon	10	5	0
Plautdietsch	25	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	40	25	15
Scandinavian languages	845	420	430
Danish	315	170	150
Icelandic	35	15	25
Norwegian	150	75	75
Swedish	350	165	190
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5
Greek	1,870	945	930
Indo-Iranian languages	33,155	16,695	16,455
Indo-Aryan languages	22,110	11,140	10,970
Assamese	15	5	5
Bengali	1,065	620	445
Gujarati	1,075	555	515
Hindi	4,355	2,265	2,090
Kacchi	185	80	105
Kashmiri	20	10	10
Konkani	50	25	30
Marathi	300	160	140
Nepali	210	115	95
Oriya languages	25	15	10
Odia	20	15	5
Oriya, n.o.s.	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	13,305	6,435	6,865
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	20	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	255	140	120
Urdu	1,125	640	485
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	90	45	45
Iranian languages	11,035	5,555	5,480
Baluchi	5	0	0
Kurdish	555	295	260
Parsi	15	10	0
Pashto	140	80	60
Persian languages	10,315	5,160	5,160
Dari	420	205	210
Iranian Persian	8,900	4,440	4,460
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	1,000	510	485
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	28,740	14,290	14,445
Catalan	90	55	35
Italian	4,000	1,990	2,010
Portuguese	6,740	3,250	3,495
Romanian	1,150	530	620
Spanish	16,735	8,460	8,275
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	7,150	2,305	4,840
Korean	8,605	3,480	5,130
Mongolian	160	70	85
Niger-Congo languages	580	310	270
Akan (Twi)	55	40	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	0
Ga	10	5	5
Ganda	25	10	20
Gikuyu	5	0	5
Igbo	25	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	40	25	20
Lingala	5	5	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	15	25
Shona	45	25	25
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	10	5	10
Swahili	140	65	75
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0
Yoruba	45	35	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	90	60	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	60	30	30
Dinka	5	0	5
Nuer	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25
African, n.o.s.	10	5	5
Sign languages	95	45	50
American Sign Language	80	40	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	125,120	55,180	69,940
Chinese languages	124,730	54,985	69,745
Hakka	640	275	365
Mandarin	41,695	17,570	24,125
Min Dong	65	25	40
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	3,105	1,315	1,785
Wu (Shanghainese)	850	355	495
Yue (Cantonese)	77,435	35,015	42,415
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	410	505
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	375	185	185
Burmese	255	130	125
Kuki-Chin languages	35	15	25
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	905	295	610
Lao	85	45	45
Thai	770	230	540
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30
Turkic languages	1,755	960	795
Azerbaijani	145	80	65
Kazakh	35	15	20
Turkish	1,500	835	665
Uyghur	30	10	10
Uzbek	10	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	35	10	20
Uralic languages	1,520	680	840
Estonian	90	40	45
Finnish	395	145	250
Hungarian	1,040	500	540
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10
Multiple responses	35,655	16,975	18,680
English and French	2,870	1,415	1,455
English and non-official language(s)	28,165	13,545	14,620
French and non-official language(s)	605	290	315
English, French and non-official language(s)	640	285	355
Multiple non-official languages	3,370	1,435	1,935
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	654,825	320,740	334,090
English	363,455	186,725	176,730
French	2,430	1,225	1,200
Non-official language	92,070	40,670	51,400
Indigenous³⁹	45	25	20
Non-Indigenous	92,025	40,645	51,380
English and French	8,325	4,035	4,285
English and non-official language(s)	174,100	81,685	92,415
French and non-official language(s)	245	115	130
English, French and non-official language(s)	4,690	2,210	2,475
Multiple non-official languages	9,525	4,080	5,445
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	654,825	320,740	334,090
Single responses	617,450	303,250	314,195
Official languages	450,825	228,080	222,740
English	446,870	226,125	220,745
French	3,955	1,955	1,995
Non-official languages	166,620	75,170	91,455
Indigenous languages³⁹	60	35	25
Algonquian languages	25	10	10
Blackfoot	5	5	0
Cree-Innu languages	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	15	5	10
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	5	0	5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	5	0	5
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	15	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	5
Nisga'a	10	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	166,565	75,135	91,425
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,190	1,100	1,085
Berber languages	20	5	10
Kabyle	10	10	5
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	5	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	5	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	115	55	55
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	50	25	25
Somali	65	35	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,055	1,035	1,015
Amharic	85	45	45
Arabic	1,275	655	620
Aramaic languages	60	25	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	5	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	10	0	5
Hebrew	510	265	245
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	120	45	70
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	7,885	3,540	4,345
Khmer (Cambodian)	105	45	60
Vietnamese	7,755	3,480	4,275
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	20	10
Austronesian languages	13,285	5,605	7,675
Bikol	35	15	25
Bisaya, n.o.s.	75	25	45
Cebuano	300	110	185
Fijian	10	5	5
Hiligaynon	305	130	175
Ilocano	980	440	545
Indonesian	380	195	185
Kankanaey	30	15	15
Kinaray-a	35	10	20
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	110	50	60
Pangasinan	35	15	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10,835	4,520	6,315
Waray-Waray	35	15	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55
Creole languages	40	15	25
Haitian Creole	5	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	20	10	10
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	1,755	955	805
Kannada	35	20	20
Malayalam	310	180	135
Tamil	1,025	515	505
Telugu	370	235	140
Tulu	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	41,915	20,215	21,700
Albanian	50	25	25
Armenian	145	75	70
Balto-Slavic languages	6,070	2,820	3,255
Baltic languages	50	20	30
Latvian	10	0	5
Lithuanian	40	15	25
Slavic languages	6,025	2,795	3,230
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	175	75	95
Czech	340	175	170
Macedonian	40	20	20
Polish	720	335	385
Russian	2,570	1,175	1,395
Rusyn	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	1,640	770	875
Bosnian	140	60	80
Croatian	350	155	195
Serbian	1,135	550	585
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	15	5	10
Slovak	235	110	130
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15
Ukrainian	265	120	140
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5
Irish	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,080	520	555
Frisian	5	0	0
High German languages	760	355	400
German	725	340	385
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	195	105	95
Afrikaans	60	30	30
Dutch	130	70	60
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	120	55	65
Danish	40	20	20
Icelandic	5	5	0
Norwegian	20	10	10
Swedish	55	25	25
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	745	335	410
Indo-Iranian languages	19,390	9,400	9,990
Indo-Aryan languages	12,650	6,205	6,445
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	560	300	260
Gujarati	400	195	210
Hindi	2,100	1,050	1,055
Kacchi	50	20	30
Kashmiri	10	10	0
Konkani	5	5	0
Marathi	115	60	55
Nepali	110	55	60
Oriya languages	5	5	5
Odia	5	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,505	4,100	4,400
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	115	55	60
Urdu	620	325	295
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15
Iranian languages	6,735	3,195	3,545
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	340	160	180
Parsi	5	0	0
Pashto	90	45	40
Persian languages	6,305	2,980	3,325
Dari	220	95	125
Iranian Persian	5,550	2,625	2,925
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	535	260	275
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	14,425	7,035	7,385
Catalan	35	20	15
Italian	1,400	600	800
Portuguese	3,995	1,905	2,090
Romanian	385	180	200
Spanish	8,600	4,330	4,270
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	3,620	1,465	2,150
Korean	5,100	2,200	2,905
Mongolian	75	40	40
Niger-Congo languages	125	55	65
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	5	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	5
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	10	15
Shona	5	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	40	15	25
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	10	15
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15
African, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Sign languages	165	85	80
American Sign Language	125	65	60
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	88,935	39,190	49,745
Chinese languages	88,715	39,085	49,630
Hakka	210	95	115
Mandarin	30,925	13,425	17,500
Min Dong	40	15	20
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,525	660	865
Wu (Shanghainese)	485	225	255
Yue (Cantonese)	54,920	24,400	30,515
Chinese, n.o.s.	610	260	345
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	210	100	110
Burmese	150	75	75
Kuki-Chin languages	20	5	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	10	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	330	120	205
Lao	20	10	15
Thai	280	105	175
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20
Turkic languages	765	385	380
Azerbaijani	70	30	40
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	685	350	335
Uyghur	10	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	320	135	185
Estonian	10	5	5
Finnish	95	40	60
Hungarian	220	95	125
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Multiple responses	37,380	17,490	19,895
English and French	1,595	795	795
English and non-official language(s)	34,170	15,985	18,185
French and non-official language(s)	105	50	55
English, French and non-official language(s)	315	160	155
Multiple non-official languages	1,205	505	700
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	654,830	320,740	334,085
None	488,985	243,150	245,835
English	57,925	27,110	30,815
French	6,335	3,050	3,285
Non-official language	80,100	37,360	42,740
Indigenous³⁹	245	105	140
Non-Indigenous	79,850	37,250	42,600
English and French	515	240	275
English and non-official language(s)	9,025	4,175	4,850
French and non-official language(s)	2,720	1,270	1,450
English, French and non-official language(s)	150	65	85
Multiple non-official languages	9,075	4,325	4,755
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	650,385	317,885	332,495
Official languages	612,560	302,865	309,695
English	612,215	302,725	309,485
French	60,990	27,755	33,235
Non-official languages	355,425	163,885	191,540
Indigenous languages³⁹	595	240	360
Algonquian languages	235	85	150
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	155	55	100
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	155	55	100
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	15	0	10
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	65	40	30
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	15	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	60	10	50
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	70	25	40
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	55	25	35
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	15	0	15
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	35	15	15
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	90	25	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	75	20	65
Dakelh (Carrier)	35	0	35
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	10
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	15	0	10
Tlingit	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	25	0	20
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	10	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	30	25	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	30	25	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	20	10	15
Salish languages	60	30	30
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	10	0	10
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	15	15	0
Squamish	10	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	20	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	10
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0
Tsimshian languages	55	35	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	30	15	15
Tsimshian	25	15	10
Wakashan languages	55	15	45
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	20	10	15
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	20	0	15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	25	0	20
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10
Non-Indigenous languages	354,885	163,680	191,205
Afro-Asiatic languages	8,650	4,705	3,940
Berber languages	40	25	15
Kabyle	35	25	10
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	35	25	10
Hausa	25	20	10
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	385	205	180
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	145	75	70
Somali	240	130	110
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	8,300	4,525	3,775
Amharic	470	250	220
Arabic	4,900	2,855	2,045
Aramaic languages	70	45	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	45	20	25
Aramaic, n.o.s.	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	2,815	1,360	1,455
Maltese	20	20	0
Tigrigna	305	140	170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15,195	6,795	8,395
Khmer (Cambodian)	325	155	180
Vietnamese	14,905	6,665	8,240
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	33,950	13,630	20,320
Bikol	170	80	90
Bisaya, n.o.s.	245	80	160
Cebuano	1,060	435	630
Fijian	160	60	100
Hiligaynon	885	320	560
Ilocano	3,295	1,355	1,935
Indonesian	1,805	880	925
Kankanaey	75	30	45
Kinaray-a	70	25	45
Malagasy languages	15	10	10
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	10	0	10
Malay	815	420	395
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	300	135	165
Pangasinan	230	80	150
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30,430	11,955	18,480
Waray-Waray	160	45	110
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	680	280	400
Creole languages	320	185	130
Haitian Creole	65	40	30
Jamaican English Creole	15	0	15
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	50	35	15
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	100	60	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	75	45	35
Dravidian languages	4,730	2,670	2,055
Kannada	330	195	140
Malayalam	965	565	400
Tamil	2,670	1,430	1,240
Telugu	1,110	690	415
Tulu	50	30	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0
Georgian	40	30	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	129,460	63,750	65,710
Albanian	225	120	110
Armenian	355	170	185
Balto-Slavic languages	18,335	8,490	9,850
Baltic languages	295	110	190
Latvian	130	45	85
Lithuanian	165	65	105
Slavic languages	18,105	8,425	9,685
Belarusian	55	20	35
Bulgarian	510	245	265
Czech	1,435	725	710
Macedonian	105	60	50
Polish	3,085	1,445	1,640
Russian	7,620	3,365	4,255
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	4,660	2,245	2,415
Bosnian	875	385	490
Croatian	2,010	935	1,070
Serbian	2,975	1,470	1,505
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	140	65	70
Slovak	825	400	430
Slovene (Slovenian)	205	105	95
Ukrainian	1,945	860	1,085
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0
Celtic languages	1,255	685	565
Irish	1,035	565	470
Scottish Gaelic	35	20	15
Welsh	130	75	60
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15
Germanic languages	15,535	7,665	7,865
Frisian	25	10	15
High German languages	11,430	5,660	5,770
German	11,050	5,480	5,565
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	330	145	185
Yiddish	240	115	125
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	2,895	1,560	1,335
Afrikaans	1,015	565	445
Dutch	1,860	965	900
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	30	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	70	40	30
Scandinavian languages	1,805	785	1,020
Danish	565	280	285
Icelandic	40	20	20
Norwegian	405	145	260
Swedish	910	395	510
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	35	0
Greek	3,055	1,555	1,500
Indo-Iranian languages	45,935	23,365	22,570
Indo-Aryan languages	33,070	16,905	16,165
Assamese	15	10	10
Bengali	1,675	950	725
Gujarati	1,840	895	935
Hindi	15,025	7,830	7,190
Kacchi	405	165	245
Kashmiri	20	15	0
Konkani	150	95	55
Marathi	665	385	280
Nepali	325	185	140
Oriya languages	50	30	20
Odia	30	20	10
Oriya, n.o.s.	20	15	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	19,130	9,570	9,555
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	75	30	45
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	610	275	340
Urdu	2,515	1,460	1,055
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	250	115	140
Iranian languages	13,100	6,615	6,485
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	800	425	370
Parsi	50	25	20
Pashto	230	160	70
Persian languages	12,330	6,185	6,145
Dari	575	255	320
Iranian Persian	10,805	5,425	5,370
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	1,050	540	505
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages	50,560	24,575	25,980
Catalan	280	140	140
Italian	7,740	3,710	4,030
Portuguese	8,715	4,260	4,460
Romanian	1,475	690	780
Spanish	36,500	17,885	18,615
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	95	50	50
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	100	55	45
Japanese	12,075	4,980	7,100
Korean	10,480	4,270	6,210
Mongolian	210	95	120
Niger-Congo languages	1,395	750	645
Akan (Twi)	90	50	35
Bamanankan	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	40	10	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	15	10	0
Ganda	75	40	35
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	70	35	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	70	40	30
Lingala	25	10	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	20	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	65	30	35
Shona	90	40	50
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	10	10	0
Swahili	610	350	265
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	30	15	15
Yoruba	150	80	65
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	220	150	70
Nilo-Saharan languages	105	55	50
Dinka	15	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30
African, n.o.s.	35	25	10
Sign languages	775	320	455
American Sign Language	700	280	415
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	105	45	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	148,095	66,600	81,490
Chinese languages	147,655	66,365	81,285
Hakka	970	495	470
Mandarin	74,695	32,335	42,355
Min Dong	65	25	45
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,810	2,440	3,370
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,270	520	745
Yue (Cantonese)	96,965	44,045	52,915
Chinese, n.o.s.	740	325	415
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	50	35	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	530	285	245
Burmese	365	200	170
Kuki-Chin languages	60	20	40
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	85	45	45
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	50	35	20
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages	1,545	610	930
Lao	150	65	85
Thai	1,380	535	850
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30
Turkic languages	2,785	1,385	1,395
Azerbaijani	370	185	190
Kazakh	65	10	55
Turkish	2,500	1,270	1,230
Uyghur	15	0	10
Uzbek	40	20	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20
Uralic languages	1,805	835	970
Estonian	140	60	85
Finnish	385	175	215
Hungarian	1,285	610	675
Other languages, n.i.e.	85	45	35
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	650,380	317,885	332,495
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	14,660	7,175	7,485
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	13,940	6,845	7,090
First Nations (North American Indian)	9,335	4,590	4,745
Métis	4,465	2,195	2,265
Inuk (Inuit)	140	60	80
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	380	185	190
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	335	135	200
Non-Indigenous identity	635,720	310,715	325,010
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	650,380	317,885	332,495
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	7,005	3,485	3,520
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	643,375	314,395	328,975
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	305,335	...	...
Owner	138,845	...	...
Renter	166,490	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	305,335	...	...
Condominium	112,105	...	...
Not condominium	193,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	305,335	...	...
No bedrooms	13,860	...	...
1 bedroom	111,060	...	...
2 bedrooms	84,935	...	...
3 bedrooms	42,445	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	53,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	305,335	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	187,470	...	...
5 rooms	37,350	...	...
6 rooms	22,780	...	...
7 rooms	16,460	...	...
8 or more rooms	41,275	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	305,335	...	...
One person or fewer per room	295,970	...	...
More than one person per room	9,370	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	305,335	...	...
Suitable	281,445	...	...
Not suitable	23,890	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	305,335	...	...
1960 or before	62,225	...	...
1961 to 1980	69,110	...	...
1981 to 1990	35,990	...	...
1991 to 2000	47,170	...	...
2001 to 2005	19,415	...	...
2006 to 2010	22,755	...	...
2011 to 2015	20,935	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	27,740	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	305,335	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	286,035	...	...
Major repairs needed	19,300	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	305,335	...	...
One-maintainer household	171,540	...	...
Two-maintainer household	115,355	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	18,440	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	305,335	...	...
15 to 24 years	11,910	...	...
25 to 34 years	65,870	...	...
35 to 44 years	56,605	...	...
45 to 54 years	51,270	...	...
55 to 64 years	50,645	...	...
65 to 74 years	40,465	...	...
75 to 84 years	19,715	...	...
85 years and over	8,870	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	303,725	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	202,070	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	101,655	...	...
30% to less than 100%	82,575	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	305,335	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	131,005	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	89,520	...	...
Not suitable only	16,295	...	...
Major repairs needed only	11,715	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	5,895	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	5,880	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	1,345	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	360	...	...
Acceptable housing	174,335	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	284,650	...	...
In core need	54,210	...	...
Not in core need	230,435	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	138,850	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,460	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,084	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,450,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,728,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	166,485	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,570	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,660	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	650,380	317,890	332,495
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	5,460	2,585	2,875
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	5,375	2,545	2,830
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	4,710	2,230	2,480
Métis single ancestry	615	290	325
Inuit single ancestry	50	25	25
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	85	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	85	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	11,270	5,590	5,680
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10,880	5,420	5,460
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	7,925	4,000	3,925
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,865	1,380	1,485
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	90	40	45
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	390	170	220
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	375	170	205
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	633,655	309,710	323,940
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	650,380	317,885	332,495
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	537,810	263,400	274,410
Canadian citizens aged under 18	78,320	40,810	37,510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	459,495	222,595	236,900
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	112,570	54,480	58,085
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	650,380	317,885	332,495
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	333,190	170,600	162,590
Immigrants⁸¹	274,360	125,745	148,620
Before 1980	45,435	21,455	23,980
1980 to 1990	39,525	18,025	21,500
1991 to 2000	65,920	29,290	36,630
2001 to 2010	54,215	24,230	29,980
2011 to 2021⁸²	69,270	32,745	36,525
2011 to 2015	27,910	12,800	15,110
2016 to 2021	41,355	19,945	21,415
Non-permanent residents⁸³	42,830	21,545	21,290
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	274,365	125,745	148,620
Under 5 years	19,460	9,635	9,825
5 to 14 years	40,820	21,020	19,800
15 to 24 years	49,865	22,770	27,095
25 to 44 years	132,610	58,645	73,960
45 years and over	31,610	13,675	17,935
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	274,365	125,745	148,620
Americas	24,375	12,125	12,250
Brazil	2,530	1,220	1,305
Colombia	1,040	505	535
El Salvador	1,030	540	495
Guyana	215	80	135
Haiti	75	40	35
Jamaica	455	240	210
Mexico	3,870	1,920	1,950
Peru	890	440	450
Trinidad and Tobago	510	235	280
United States of America	9,790	4,990	4,800
Other places of birth in Americas	3,965	1,915	2,050
Europe	43,955	22,155	21,795
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,145	535	610
Croatia	835	390	445
France	2,220	1,205	1,015
Germany	2,800	1,260	1,540
Greece	1,070	555	510
Hungary	725	330	390
Italy	2,805	1,335	1,475
Netherlands	770	475	295
Poland	1,995	940	1,060
Portugal	1,290	630	655
Romania	1,250	555	690
Russian Federation	2,395	975	1,415
Serbia⁸⁶	1,250	585	665
Ukraine	1,785	805	985
United Kingdom⁸⁷	12,895	7,000	5,895
Other places of birth in Europe	8,725	4,575	4,145
Africa	7,195	3,855	3,340
Algeria	145	90	55
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	75	40	35
Egypt	550	355	190
Eritrea	205	105	105
Ethiopia	430	210	220
Morocco	320	165	160
Nigeria	240	125	115
Somalia	100	65	40
South Africa, Republic of	2,290	1,230	1,055
Other places of birth in Africa	2,835	1,460	1,370
Asia	193,325	84,765	108,555
Afghanistan	395	205	190
Iran⁸⁸	8,780	4,465	4,310
Iraq	595	325	265
Lebanon	485	315	170
Syria⁸⁹	740	340	395
Turkey	960	515	445
China⁹⁰	63,270	26,815	36,455
Hong Kong⁹¹	25,485	11,565	13,920
Korea, South⁹²	6,495	2,625	3,870
Taiwan	9,865	4,200	5,670
Philippines	29,925	12,055	17,875
Viet Nam	12,115	5,505	6,605
Bangladesh	800	405	390
India	14,640	7,435	7,210
Pakistan	1,085	620	465
Sri Lanka	1,605	790	815
Other places of birth in Asia	16,080	6,580	9,500
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	5,520	2,845	2,680
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	41,360	19,945	21,415
Americas	6,735	3,340	3,395
Brazil	1,820	885	935
Colombia	290	150	135
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	15	10
Mexico	1,215	600	615
United States of America	2,295	1,175	1,125
Venezuela⁹⁵	220	85	135
Other places of birth in Americas	865	425	440
Europe	9,075	4,955	4,115
France	920	505	410
Germany	455	225	235
Ireland⁹⁶	1,690	1,035	655
Italy	320	190	130
Russian Federation	645	250	400
Ukraine	495	200	295
United Kingdom⁸⁷	2,415	1,430	985
Other places of birth in Europe	2,135	1,125	1,010
Africa	1,165	680	485
Algeria	40	25	10
Burundi	20	0	15
Cameroon	15	15	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	15	10	10
Egypt	110	90	20
Eritrea	35	35	0
Ethiopia	55	25	25
Morocco	85	40	45
Nigeria	115	70	45
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	350	190	160
Sudan⁹⁷	35	15	20
Tunisia	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	240	125	115
Asia	23,045	10,150	12,900
Afghanistan	105	60	45
Bangladesh	155	85	75
China⁹⁰	5,930	2,305	3,625
Hong Kong⁹¹	615	210	400
India	3,680	2,100	1,585
Iran⁸⁸	1,220	590	630
Iraq	125	90	30
Israel	245	140	100
Japan	815	215	600
Jordan	45	25	20
Korea, South⁹²	1,250	430	820
Lebanon	80	50	30
Nepal	65	30	30
Pakistan	255	175	85
Philippines	4,445	1,915	2,530
Saudi Arabia	140	95	45
Sri Lanka	250	110	140
Syria⁸⁹	565	255	315
Turkey	375	215	155
United Arab Emirates	105	35	75
Viet Nam	995	365	635
Other places of birth in Asia	1,590	660	925
Oceania and other⁹³	1,340	820	525
Australia	1,010	635	380
Other places of birth⁹⁸	330	185	145
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	650,380	317,885	332,495
First generation¹⁰⁰	327,870	152,655	175,215
Second generation¹⁰¹	160,910	82,380	78,535
Third generation or more¹⁰²	161,595	82,860	78,745
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	228,925	104,290	124,635
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	140,320	66,200	74,120
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	62,775	33,325	29,450
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	77,545	32,870	44,675
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	66,960	26,690	40,270
Refugees¹⁰⁸	17,530	9,610	7,920
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	4,120	1,795	2,325
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	228,925	104,290	124,635
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	5,935	3,425	2,510
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	33,310	13,840	19,465
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	8,645	4,085	4,555
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	17,150	7,665	9,480
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	750	285	465
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	163,140	74,990	88,150
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	650,380	317,885	332,495
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	354,615	166,315	188,305
South Asian	44,850	23,295	21,555
Chinese	168,385	77,690	90,695
Black	8,515	4,620	3,895
Filipino	38,605	16,560	22,045
Arab	3,785	2,215	1,570
Latin American	18,080	9,155	8,925
Southeast Asian	20,585	9,480	11,110
West Asian	12,100	6,070	6,030
Korean	10,895	4,600	6,295
Japanese	10,990	4,280	6,710
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	3,240	1,510	1,725
Multiple visible minorities	14,585	6,835	7,755
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	295,770	151,575	144,195
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	650,385	317,885	332,500
Canadian	33,685	17,880	15,810
English	84,370	42,975	41,395
Irish	65,695	32,670	33,020
Scottish	69,200	34,335	34,865
French, n.o.s.¹²²	30,625	15,415	15,210
German	45,215	22,315	22,900
Chinese	159,080	73,335	85,745
Italian	21,155	10,465	10,690
Indian (India)	27,765	14,435	13,325
Ukrainian	20,000	9,725	10,275
Dutch	13,330	6,960	6,370
Polish	15,900	7,525	8,370
Québécois	925	465	460
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	21,545	11,120	10,420
Filipino	38,885	16,625	22,260
French Canadian	4,070	2,015	2,055
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	11,105	5,870	5,235
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	5,665	2,835	2,830
Métis	3,945	1,875	2,070
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	11,990	6,180	5,810
Russian	14,135	6,570	7,565
Norwegian	10,125	4,995	5,125
Welsh	9,255	4,290	4,975
Portuguese	6,535	3,185	3,355
American	7,565	3,805	3,760
Spanish	11,605	5,515	6,095
Swedish	8,270	3,935	4,335
Hungarian	5,615	2,760	2,850
Acadian	835	420	415
Pakistani	1,825	1,055	770
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	2,660	1,375	1,280
Jewish	11,555	5,895	5,660
Punjabi	6,100	3,220	2,880
Vietnamese	17,450	8,085	9,365
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	1,800	1,065	735
Greek	5,475	2,880	2,595
Jamaican	1,375	710	660
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	11,330	5,315	6,015
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	1,705	835	870
Korean	11,470	4,895	6,575
Romanian	3,370	1,655	1,715
Lebanese	1,780	955	825
Iranian	9,440	4,755	4,685
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,695	825	870
Danish	4,890	2,480	2,415
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	1,715	815	900
Sikh	3,225	1,640	1,590
Austrian	4,710	2,215	2,490
Belgian	2,160	1,055	1,110
Haitian	190	100	95
Hindu	2,685	1,475	1,210
Mexican	7,855	4,055	3,795
Mennonite	1,860	930	930
Swiss	2,790	1,365	1,425
Finnish	2,775	1,375	1,405
Sri Lankan	1,865	945	930
Croatian	3,580	1,815	1,765
Japanese	13,320	5,380	7,940
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	2,460	1,165	1,290
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	430	205	230
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	2,840	1,365	1,475
Muslim	885	490	395
Egyptian	1,125	650	475
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	2,830	1,415	1,415
Tamil	1,040	575	465
Icelandic	2,525	1,225	1,305
Colombian	1,735	895	840
Moroccan	545	280	265
Czech	2,820	1,370	1,445
Syrian	770	380	385
Guyanese	460	240	220
Afghan	655	335	320
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	695	435	260
Serbian	2,930	1,475	1,455
Ojibway	440	225	215
Newfoundlander	355	190	165
Hong Konger	8,560	4,040	4,515
Ontarian	360	170	190
Persian	3,510	1,785	1,725
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	770	365	400
Turkish	2,350	1,210	1,140
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	145	55	85
Bangladeshi	935	500	425
Algerian	250	140	105
Brazilian	3,785	1,830	1,955
Nigerian	430	215	215
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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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