Ziren has proved Ethereum mainnet blocks end to end. The paper puts numbers on the security of those proofs - more than 100 bits of interactive soundness per stage, 93.5 bits composite across a 149-proof tree - and lists the five hypotheses the end-to-end claim still rests on.
The item on this list that will take the longest to satisfy is the third: the security of the proof system itself.
That work is slower and less visible than performance work, and it is where most of the effort behind Ziren has already gone.
Big congratulations to the @zksync airbender team for this milestone.
At this point, I consider the battle for speed to be definitively won, and the top priority for zkEVMs should shift fully to security.
To me that means formally verifying
(i) equivalence of the
Decentralized sequencer set
Custom zkVM
Type-1 zkEVM
BitVM3 bridge
Agent economic stack
All built for one reason: commerce, whether human or agent driven, should settle on Bitcoin through decentralized, trust-minimized infrastructure.
goat.network/?nocache
A note on the ZK-STARK line in Europol’s quantum report, which this piece is right to flag.
The report’s claim: ZK-STARKs validate transactions without revealing key information, limiting what a harvested public key is worth to a future attacker.
Where that holds is the
