Ogled vira Tuberkuloza

=== Aktivna tuberkuloza ===
Diagnosticirati aktivno tuberkulozo samo na podlagi znakov in simptomov je težko,<ref name=DiagP2011>{{cite journal|last1=Bento|first1=J|last2=Silva|first2= AS|last3= Rodrigues|first3= F|last4= Duarte|first4= R|title=[Diagnostic tools in tuberculosis]|journal=Acta medica portuguesa|date=januar–februar 2011|volume=24|issue=1|pages=145-54|pmid=21672452}}</ref> prav tako tudi bolezen pri osebah s suprimiranim imunskim sistemom.<ref name=Clinic2009>{{cite journal|last=Escalante|first=P|title=In the clinic. Tuberculosis|journal=Annals of internal medicine|date=2009-06-02|volume=150|issue=11|pages=ITC61-614; quiz ITV616|pmid=19487708}}</ref> Na diagnozo TB pa je treba pomisliti pri pacientih z znaki pljučnega obolenja ali splošnimi simptomi, ki trajajo dlje kot dva tedna.<ref name=Clinic2009/> [[Radiologija|Rentgensko slikanje prsnega koša]] in multipla kultura izpljunka za acido-bacile sta običajno del začetne ocene.<ref name=Clinic2009/> Testi sproščanja interferonov in tuberkulinski kožni testi v državah v razvoju nekoristni.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Metcalfe, JZ |author2=Everett, CK |author3=Steingart, KR |author4=Cattamanchi, A |author5=Huang, L |author6=Hopewell, PC |author7=Pai, M|title=Interferon-? release assays for active pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis in adults in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis|journal=The Journal of infectious diseases|date=2011-11-15|volume=204 Suppl 4|pages=S1120-9|pmid=21996694|doi=10.1093/infdis/jir410|pmc=3192542|issue=suppl_4}}</ref><ref name="Sester 100-11">{{cite journal|author1=Sester, M |author2=Sotgiu, G |author3=Lange, C |author4=Giehl, C |author5=Girardi, E |author6=Migliori, GB |author7=Bossink, A |author8=Dheda, K |author9=Diel, R |author10=Dominguez, J |author11=Lipman, M |author12=Nemeth, J |author13=Ravn, P |author14=Winkler, S |author15=Huitric, E |author16=Sandgren, A |author17=Manissero, D |display-authors=5 |title=Interferon-? release assays for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis|journal=The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology|date=januar 2011|volume=37|issue=1|pages=100-11|pmid=20847080|doi=10.1183/09031936.00114810}}</ref> IGRA pozna pri osebah s HIV podobne meje.<ref name="Sester 100-11"/><ref>{{cite journal|author1=Chen, J |author2=Zhang, R |author3=Wang, J |author4=Liu, L |author5=Zheng, Y |author6=Shen, Y |author7=Qi, T |author8=Lu, H|title=Interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis|journal=PLoS ONE|year=2011|volume=6|issue=11|pages=e26827|pmid=22069472|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0026827|pmc=3206065|editor1-last=Vermund|editor1-first=Sten H}}</ref>

Diagnoza TB je jasna, če se za ''M. tuberculosis'' ugotovi prisotnost v kliničnem vzorcu (kot so npr. [[izmeček]], [[gnoj]] ali tkivo, dobljeno z [[biopsija|biopsijo]]). Ker gre za počasi rastoč organizem, je postopek kulture težaven in traja pri vzorcih krvi ali izmečka od dva do šest tednov.<ref>{{navedi knjigo|last=Diseases|first=Special Programme for Research & Training in Tropical|title=Diagnostics for tuberculosis : global demand and market potential.|year=2006|publisher=World Health Organization on behalf of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases|location=Geneva|isbn=978-92-4-156330-7|pages=36|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=CFPpcCef4yQC&pg=PA36}}</ref> Z zdravljenjem se zato pogosto prične, še preden kulture diagnozo potrdijo.<ref name=NICE2011/>

S testi amplifikacije DNK in preskusom na adenozin deaminazo je mogoče TB hitro dokazati.<ref name=DiagP2011/> Teh testov pa se rutinsko ne priporoča, saj le redko vplivajo na to, kako se primer terapira.<ref name=NICE2011/> Krvni testi za odkrivanje protiteles niso ne specifični ne občutljivi, zato se jih ne priporoča.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Steingart|first1=KR|last2=Flores|first2= LL|last3= Dendukuri|first3= N|last4= Schiller|first4= I|last5= Laal|first5= S|last6= Ramsay|first6= A|last7= Hopewell|first7= PC|last8= Pai|first8= M|title=Commercial serological tests for the diagnosis of active pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis|journal=PLoS medicine|date=avgust 2011|volume=8|issue=8|pages=e1001062|pmid=21857806|doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001062|pmc=3153457|editor1-last=Evans|editor1-first=Carlton}}</ref>