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package resource
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"reflect"
"regexp"
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/davecgh/go-spew/spew"
"github.com/hashicorp/go-getter"
"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/config/module"
"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/helper/logging"
"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/terraform"
)
const TestEnvVar = "TF_ACC"
// TestCheckFunc is the callback type used with acceptance tests to check
// the state of a resource. The state passed in is the latest state known,
// or in the case of being after a destroy, it is the last known state when
// it was created.
type TestCheckFunc func(*terraform.State) error
// ImportStateCheckFunc is the check function for ImportState tests
type ImportStateCheckFunc func([]*terraform.InstanceState) error
// TestCase is a single acceptance test case used to test the apply/destroy
// lifecycle of a resource in a specific configuration.
//
// When the destroy plan is executed, the config from the last TestStep
// is used to plan it.
type TestCase struct {
// IsUnitTest allows a test to run regardless of the TF_ACC
// environment variable. This should be used with care - only for
// fast tests on local resources (e.g. remote state with a local
// backend) but can be used to increase confidence in correct
// operation of Terraform without waiting for a full acctest run.
IsUnitTest bool
// PreCheck, if non-nil, will be called before any test steps are
// executed. It will only be executed in the case that the steps
// would run, so it can be used for some validation before running
// acceptance tests, such as verifying that keys are setup.
PreCheck func()
// Providers is the ResourceProvider that will be under test.
//
// Alternately, ProviderFactories can be specified for the providers
// that are valid. This takes priority over Providers.
//
// The end effect of each is the same: specifying the providers that
// are used within the tests.
Providers map[string]terraform.ResourceProvider
ProviderFactories map[string]terraform.ResourceProviderFactory
// PreventPostDestroyRefresh can be set to true for cases where data sources
// are tested alongside real resources
PreventPostDestroyRefresh bool
// CheckDestroy is called after the resource is finally destroyed
// to allow the tester to test that the resource is truly gone.
CheckDestroy TestCheckFunc
// Steps are the apply sequences done within the context of the
// same state. Each step can have its own check to verify correctness.
Steps []TestStep
// The settings below control the "ID-only refresh test." This is
// an enabled-by-default test that tests that a refresh can be
// refreshed with only an ID to result in the same attributes.
// This validates completeness of Refresh.
//
// IDRefreshName is the name of the resource to check. This will
// default to the first non-nil primary resource in the state.
//
// IDRefreshIgnore is a list of configuration keys that will be ignored.
IDRefreshName string
IDRefreshIgnore []string
}
// TestStep is a single apply sequence of a test, done within the
// context of a state.
//
// Multiple TestSteps can be sequenced in a Test to allow testing
// potentially complex update logic. In general, simply create/destroy
// tests will only need one step.
type TestStep struct {
// ResourceName should be set to the name of the resource
// that is being tested. Example: "aws_instance.foo". Various test
// modes use this to auto-detect state information.
//
// This is only required if the test mode settings below say it is
// for the mode you're using.
ResourceName string
// PreConfig is called before the Config is applied to perform any per-step
// setup that needs to happen. This is called regardless of "test mode"
// below.
PreConfig func()
//---------------------------------------------------------------
// Test modes. One of the following groups of settings must be
// set to determine what the test step will do. Ideally we would've
// used Go interfaces here but there are now hundreds of tests we don't
// want to re-type so instead we just determine which step logic
// to run based on what settings below are set.
//---------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------
// Plan, Apply testing
//---------------------------------------------------------------
// Config a string of the configuration to give to Terraform. If this
// is set, then the TestCase will execute this step with the same logic
// as a `terraform apply`.
Config string
// Check is called after the Config is applied. Use this step to
// make your own API calls to check the status of things, and to
// inspect the format of the ResourceState itself.
//
// If an error is returned, the test will fail. In this case, a
// destroy plan will still be attempted.
//
// If this is nil, no check is done on this step.
Check TestCheckFunc
// Destroy will create a destroy plan if set to true.
Destroy bool
// ExpectNonEmptyPlan can be set to true for specific types of tests that are
// looking to verify that a diff occurs
ExpectNonEmptyPlan bool
// ExpectError allows the construction of test cases that we expect to fail
// with an error. The specified regexp must match against the error for the
// test to pass.
ExpectError *regexp.Regexp
// PreventPostDestroyRefresh can be set to true for cases where data sources
// are tested alongside real resources
PreventPostDestroyRefresh bool
//---------------------------------------------------------------
// ImportState testing
//---------------------------------------------------------------
// ImportState, if true, will test the functionality of ImportState
// by importing the resource with ResourceName (must be set) and the
// ID of that resource.
ImportState bool
// ImportStateId is the ID to perform an ImportState operation with.
// This is optional. If it isn't set, then the resource ID is automatically
// determined by inspecting the state for ResourceName's ID.
ImportStateId string
// ImportStateCheck checks the results of ImportState. It should be
// used to verify that the resulting value of ImportState has the
// proper resources, IDs, and attributes.
ImportStateCheck ImportStateCheckFunc
// ImportStateVerify, if true, will also check that the state values
// that are finally put into the state after import match for all the
// IDs returned by the Import.
//
// ImportStateVerifyIgnore are fields that should not be verified to
// be equal. These can be set to ephemeral fields or fields that can't
// be refreshed and don't matter.
ImportStateVerify bool
ImportStateVerifyIgnore []string
}
// Test performs an acceptance test on a resource.
//
// Tests are not run unless an environmental variable "TF_ACC" is
// set to some non-empty value. This is to avoid test cases surprising
// a user by creating real resources.
//
// Tests will fail unless the verbose flag (`go test -v`, or explicitly
// the "-test.v" flag) is set. Because some acceptance tests take quite
// long, we require the verbose flag so users are able to see progress
// output.
func Test(t TestT, c TestCase) {
// We only run acceptance tests if an env var is set because they're
// slow and generally require some outside configuration. You can opt out
// of this with OverrideEnvVar on individual TestCases.
if os.Getenv(TestEnvVar) == "" && !c.IsUnitTest {
t.Skip(fmt.Sprintf(
"Acceptance tests skipped unless env '%s' set",
TestEnvVar))
return
}
logWriter, err := logging.LogOutput()
if err != nil {
t.Error(fmt.Errorf("error setting up logging: %s", err))
}
log.SetOutput(logWriter)
// We require verbose mode so that the user knows what is going on.
if !testTesting && !testing.Verbose() && !c.IsUnitTest {
t.Fatal("Acceptance tests must be run with the -v flag on tests")
return
}
// Run the PreCheck if we have it
if c.PreCheck != nil {
c.PreCheck()
}
// Build our context options that we can
ctxProviders := c.ProviderFactories
if ctxProviders == nil {
ctxProviders = make(map[string]terraform.ResourceProviderFactory)
for k, p := range c.Providers {
ctxProviders[k] = terraform.ResourceProviderFactoryFixed(p)
}
}
opts := terraform.ContextOpts{Providers: ctxProviders}
// A single state variable to track the lifecycle, starting with no state
var state *terraform.State
// Go through each step and run it
var idRefreshCheck *terraform.ResourceState
idRefresh := c.IDRefreshName != ""
errored := false
for i, step := range c.Steps {
var err error
log.Printf("[WARN] Test: Executing step %d", i)
// Determine the test mode to execute
if step.Config != "" {
state, err = testStepConfig(opts, state, step)
} else if step.ImportState {
state, err = testStepImportState(opts, state, step)
} else {
err = fmt.Errorf(
"unknown test mode for step. Please see TestStep docs\n\n%#v",
step)
}
// If there was an error, exit
if err != nil {
// Perhaps we expected an error? Check if it matches
if step.ExpectError != nil {
if !step.ExpectError.MatchString(err.Error()) {
errored = true
t.Error(fmt.Sprintf(
"Step %d, expected error:\n\n%s\n\nTo match:\n\n%s\n\n",
i, err, step.ExpectError))
break
}
} else {
errored = true
t.Error(fmt.Sprintf(
"Step %d error: %s", i, err))
break
}
}
// If we've never checked an id-only refresh and our state isn't
// empty, find the first resource and test it.
if idRefresh && idRefreshCheck == nil && !state.Empty() {
// Find the first non-nil resource in the state
for _, m := range state.Modules {
if len(m.Resources) > 0 {
if v, ok := m.Resources[c.IDRefreshName]; ok {
idRefreshCheck = v
}
break
}
}
// If we have an instance to check for refreshes, do it
// immediately. We do it in the middle of another test
// because it shouldn't affect the overall state (refresh
// is read-only semantically) and we want to fail early if
// this fails. If refresh isn't read-only, then this will have
// caught a different bug.
if idRefreshCheck != nil {
log.Printf(
"[WARN] Test: Running ID-only refresh check on %s",
idRefreshCheck.Primary.ID)
if err := testIDOnlyRefresh(c, opts, step, idRefreshCheck); err != nil {
log.Printf("[ERROR] Test: ID-only test failed: %s", err)
t.Error(fmt.Sprintf(
"[ERROR] Test: ID-only test failed: %s", err))
break
}
}
}
}
// If we never checked an id-only refresh, it is a failure.
if idRefresh {
if !errored && len(c.Steps) > 0 && idRefreshCheck == nil {
t.Error("ID-only refresh check never ran.")
}
}
// If we have a state, then run the destroy
if state != nil {
lastStep := c.Steps[len(c.Steps)-1]
destroyStep := TestStep{
Config: lastStep.Config,
Check: c.CheckDestroy,
Destroy: true,
PreventPostDestroyRefresh: c.PreventPostDestroyRefresh,
}
log.Printf("[WARN] Test: Executing destroy step")
state, err := testStep(opts, state, destroyStep)
if err != nil {
t.Error(fmt.Sprintf(
"Error destroying resource! WARNING: Dangling resources\n"+
"may exist. The full state and error is shown below.\n\n"+
"Error: %s\n\nState: %s",
err,
state))
}
} else {
log.Printf("[WARN] Skipping destroy test since there is no state.")
}
}
// UnitTest is a helper to force the acceptance testing harness to run in the
// normal unit test suite. This should only be used for resource that don't
// have any external dependencies.
func UnitTest(t TestT, c TestCase) {
c.IsUnitTest = true
Test(t, c)
}
func testIDOnlyRefresh(c TestCase, opts terraform.ContextOpts, step TestStep, r *terraform.ResourceState) error {
// TODO: We guard by this right now so master doesn't explode. We
// need to remove this eventually to make this part of the normal tests.
if os.Getenv("TF_ACC_IDONLY") == "" {
return nil
}
name := fmt.Sprintf("%s.foo", r.Type)
// Build the state. The state is just the resource with an ID. There
// are no attributes. We only set what is needed to perform a refresh.
state := terraform.NewState()
state.RootModule().Resources[name] = &terraform.ResourceState{
Type: r.Type,
Primary: &terraform.InstanceState{
ID: r.Primary.ID,
},
}
// Create the config module. We use the full config because Refresh
// doesn't have access to it and we may need things like provider
// configurations. The initial implementation of id-only checks used
// an empty config module, but that caused the aforementioned problems.
mod, err := testModule(opts, step)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Initialize the context
opts.Module = mod
opts.State = state
ctx, err := terraform.NewContext(&opts)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if ws, es := ctx.Validate(); len(ws) > 0 || len(es) > 0 {
if len(es) > 0 {
estrs := make([]string, len(es))
for i, e := range es {
estrs[i] = e.Error()
}
return fmt.Errorf(
"Configuration is invalid.\n\nWarnings: %#v\n\nErrors: %#v",
ws, estrs)
}
log.Printf("[WARN] Config warnings: %#v", ws)
}
// Refresh!
state, err = ctx.Refresh()
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error refreshing: %s", err)
}
// Verify attribute equivalence.
actualR := state.RootModule().Resources[name]
if actualR == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Resource gone!")
}
if actualR.Primary == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Resource has no primary instance")
}
actual := actualR.Primary.Attributes
expected := r.Primary.Attributes
// Remove fields we're ignoring
for _, v := range c.IDRefreshIgnore {
for k, _ := range actual {
if strings.HasPrefix(k, v) {
delete(actual, k)
}
}
for k, _ := range expected {
if strings.HasPrefix(k, v) {
delete(expected, k)
}
}
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(actual, expected) {
// Determine only the different attributes
for k, v := range expected {
if av, ok := actual[k]; ok && v == av {
delete(expected, k)
delete(actual, k)
}
}
spewConf := spew.NewDefaultConfig()
spewConf.SortKeys = true
return fmt.Errorf(
"Attributes not equivalent. Difference is shown below. Top is actual, bottom is expected."+
"\n\n%s\n\n%s",
spewConf.Sdump(actual), spewConf.Sdump(expected))
}
return nil
}
func testModule(
opts terraform.ContextOpts,
step TestStep) (*module.Tree, error) {
if step.PreConfig != nil {
step.PreConfig()
}
cfgPath, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "tf-test")
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf(
"Error creating temporary directory for config: %s", err)
}
defer os.RemoveAll(cfgPath)
// Write the configuration
cfgF, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(cfgPath, "main.tf"))
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf(
"Error creating temporary file for config: %s", err)
}
_, err = io.Copy(cfgF, strings.NewReader(step.Config))
cfgF.Close()
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf(
"Error creating temporary file for config: %s", err)
}
// Parse the configuration
mod, err := module.NewTreeModule("", cfgPath)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf(
"Error loading configuration: %s", err)
}
// Load the modules
modStorage := &getter.FolderStorage{
StorageDir: filepath.Join(cfgPath, ".tfmodules"),
}
err = mod.Load(modStorage, module.GetModeGet)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error downloading modules: %s", err)
}
return mod, nil
}
func testResource(c TestStep, state *terraform.State) (*terraform.ResourceState, error) {
if c.ResourceName == "" {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("ResourceName must be set in TestStep")
}
for _, m := range state.Modules {
if len(m.Resources) > 0 {
if v, ok := m.Resources[c.ResourceName]; ok {
return v, nil
}
}
}
return nil, fmt.Errorf(
"Resource specified by ResourceName couldn't be found: %s", c.ResourceName)
}
// ComposeTestCheckFunc lets you compose multiple TestCheckFuncs into
// a single TestCheckFunc.
//
// As a user testing their provider, this lets you decompose your checks
// into smaller pieces more easily.
func ComposeTestCheckFunc(fs ...TestCheckFunc) TestCheckFunc {
return func(s *terraform.State) error {
for i, f := range fs {
if err := f(s); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Check %d/%d error: %s", i+1, len(fs), err)
}
}
return nil
}
}
// ComposeAggregateTestCheckFunc lets you compose multiple TestCheckFuncs into
// a single TestCheckFunc.
//
// As a user testing their provider, this lets you decompose your checks
// into smaller pieces more easily.
//
// Unlike ComposeTestCheckFunc, ComposeAggergateTestCheckFunc runs _all_ of the
// TestCheckFuncs and aggregates failures.
func ComposeAggregateTestCheckFunc(fs ...TestCheckFunc) TestCheckFunc {
return func(s *terraform.State) error {
var result *multierror.Error
for i, f := range fs {
if err := f(s); err != nil {
result = multierror.Append(result, fmt.Errorf("Check %d/%d error: %s", i+1, len(fs), err))
}
}
return result.ErrorOrNil()
}
}
// TestCheckResourceAttrSet is a TestCheckFunc which ensures a value
// exists in state for the given name/key combination. It is useful when
// testing that computed values were set, when it is not possible to
// know ahead of time what the values will be.
func TestCheckResourceAttrSet(name, key string) TestCheckFunc {
return func(s *terraform.State) error {
is, err := primaryInstanceState(s, name)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if val, ok := is.Attributes[key]; ok && val != "" {
return nil
}
return fmt.Errorf("%s: Attribute '%s' expected to be set", name, key)
}
}
// TestCheckResourceAttr is a TestCheckFunc which validates
// the value in state for the given name/key combination.
func TestCheckResourceAttr(name, key, value string) TestCheckFunc {
return func(s *terraform.State) error {
is, err := primaryInstanceState(s, name)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if v, ok := is.Attributes[key]; !ok || v != value {
if !ok {
return fmt.Errorf("%s: Attribute '%s' not found", name, key)
}
return fmt.Errorf(
"%s: Attribute '%s' expected %#v, got %#v",
name,
key,
value,
v)
}
return nil
}
}
// TestCheckNoResourceAttr is a TestCheckFunc which ensures that
// NO value exists in state for the given name/key combination.
func TestCheckNoResourceAttr(name, key string) TestCheckFunc {
return func(s *terraform.State) error {
is, err := primaryInstanceState(s, name)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if _, ok := is.Attributes[key]; ok {
return fmt.Errorf("%s: Attribute '%s' found when not expected", name, key)
}
return nil
}
}
// TestMatchResourceAttr is a TestCheckFunc which checks that the value
// in state for the given name/key combination matches the given regex.
func TestMatchResourceAttr(name, key string, r *regexp.Regexp) TestCheckFunc {
return func(s *terraform.State) error {
is, err := primaryInstanceState(s, name)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if !r.MatchString(is.Attributes[key]) {
return fmt.Errorf(
"%s: Attribute '%s' didn't match %q, got %#v",
name,
key,
r.String(),
is.Attributes[key])
}
return nil
}
}
// TestCheckResourceAttrPtr is like TestCheckResourceAttr except the
// value is a pointer so that it can be updated while the test is running.
// It will only be dereferenced at the point this step is run.
func TestCheckResourceAttrPtr(name string, key string, value *string) TestCheckFunc {
return func(s *terraform.State) error {
return TestCheckResourceAttr(name, key, *value)(s)
}
}
// TestCheckResourceAttrPair is a TestCheckFunc which validates that the values
// in state for a pair of name/key combinations are equal.
func TestCheckResourceAttrPair(nameFirst, keyFirst, nameSecond, keySecond string) TestCheckFunc {
return func(s *terraform.State) error {
isFirst, err := primaryInstanceState(s, nameFirst)
if err != nil {
return err
}
vFirst, ok := isFirst.Attributes[keyFirst]
if !ok {
return fmt.Errorf("%s: Attribute '%s' not found", nameFirst, keyFirst)
}
isSecond, err := primaryInstanceState(s, nameSecond)
if err != nil {
return err
}
vSecond, ok := isSecond.Attributes[keySecond]
if !ok {
return fmt.Errorf("%s: Attribute '%s' not found", nameSecond, keySecond)
}
if vFirst != vSecond {
return fmt.Errorf(
"%s: Attribute '%s' expected %#v, got %#v",
nameFirst,
keyFirst,
vSecond,
vFirst)
}
return nil
}
}
// TestCheckOutput checks an output in the Terraform configuration
func TestCheckOutput(name, value string) TestCheckFunc {
return func(s *terraform.State) error {
ms := s.RootModule()
rs, ok := ms.Outputs[name]
if !ok {
return fmt.Errorf("Not found: %s", name)
}
if rs.Value != value {
return fmt.Errorf(
"Output '%s': expected %#v, got %#v",
name,
value,
rs)
}
return nil
}
}
func TestMatchOutput(name string, r *regexp.Regexp) TestCheckFunc {
return func(s *terraform.State) error {
ms := s.RootModule()
rs, ok := ms.Outputs[name]
if !ok {
return fmt.Errorf("Not found: %s", name)
}
if !r.MatchString(rs.Value.(string)) {
return fmt.Errorf(
"Output '%s': %#v didn't match %q",
name,
rs,
r.String())
}
return nil
}
}
// TestT is the interface used to handle the test lifecycle of a test.
//
// Users should just use a *testing.T object, which implements this.
type TestT interface {
Error(args ...interface{})
Fatal(args ...interface{})
Skip(args ...interface{})
}
// This is set to true by unit tests to alter some behavior
var testTesting = false
// primaryInstanceState returns the primary instance state for the given resource name.
func primaryInstanceState(s *terraform.State, name string) (*terraform.InstanceState, error) {
ms := s.RootModule()
rs, ok := ms.Resources[name]
if !ok {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Not found: %s", name)
}
is := rs.Primary
if is == nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("No primary instance: %s", name)
}
return is, nil
}