Abbreviation: POAG · Directory: glaucoma/ · Date: 2026-06-27
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Quigley HA, Broman AT. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90(3):262-267. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16488940/
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Tham YC, Li X, Wong TY, Quigley HA, Aung T, Cheng CY. Global prevalence of glaucoma and projections of glaucoma burden through 2040. Ophthalmology. 2014;121(11):2081-2090. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24974815/
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AGIS Investigators. The Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study (AGIS): 7. The relationship between control of intraocular pressure and visual field deterioration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2000;130(4):429-440. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11024415/
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Leske MC, Heijl A, Hussein M, et al. Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment (EMGT). Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121(1):48-56. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12523884/
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Kass MA, Heuer DK, Higginbotham EJ, et al. The Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study. Arch Ophthalmol. 2002;120(6):701-713. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12049574/
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Heijl A, Leske MC, Bengtsson B, et al. Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression. Arch Ophthalmol. 2002;120(10):1268-1279. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12365904/
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Jonas JB, Aung T, Bourne RR, Bron AM, Ritch R, Panda-Jonas S. Glaucoma. Lancet. 2017;390(10108):2183-2193. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28577860/
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Goldmann H. Abflussdruck, Minutenvolumen und Widerstand der Kammerwasserströmung des Menschen. Doc Ophthalmol. 1951;5-6:278-356. (Classic Goldmann equation)
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Brubaker RF. Flow of aqueous humor in humans (The Friedenwald Lecture). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991;32(13):3145-3166. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1748544/
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Liu JH, Zhang X, Kripke DF, Weinreb RN. Twenty-four-hour intraocular pressure pattern associated with early glaucomatous changes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003;44(4):1586-1590. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12657593/
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Medeiros FA, Weinreb RN, Zangwill LM, et al. Long-term intraocular pressure fluctuations and risk of conversion from ocular hypertension to glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(6):934-940. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17826846/
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Weinreb RN, Aung T, Medeiros FA. The pathophysiology and treatment of glaucoma. JAMA. 2014;311(18):1901-1911. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24825645/
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Stamer WD, Acott TS. Current understanding of conventional outflow dysfunction in glaucoma. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2012;23(2):135-143. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22262082/
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Rao PV, Deng PF, Kumar J, Bhatt DL. Regulation of intraocular pressure. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2001;20(1):93-104. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11157369/
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Tektas OY, Lütjen-Drecoll E. Structural changes of the trabecular meshwork in different kinds of glaucoma. Exp Eye Res. 2009;88(4):769-775. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19056390/
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Tamm ER. The trabecular meshwork outflow pathways: structural and functional aspects. Exp Eye Res. 2009;88(4):648-655. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19026641/
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Inatani M, Tanihara H, Katsuta H, Honjo M, Kido N, Honda Y. Transforming growth factor-beta 2 levels in aqueous humor of glaucomatous eyes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2001;239(2):109-113. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11372558/
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Wordinger RJ, Clark AF. Effects of glucocorticoids on the trabecular meshwork. Prog Retin Eye Res. 1999;18(5):629-667. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10438153/
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Tian B, Kaufman PL. Effects of the Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 and the phosphodiesterase inhibitor zaprinast on aqueous humour dynamics. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005;89(12):1566-1570. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16299143/
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Fingert JH. Primary open-angle glaucoma genes. Eye (Lond). 2011;25(5):587-595. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21390063/
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Burdon KP, Macgregor S, Hewitt AW, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility loci for open angle glaucoma at TMCO1 and CDKN2B-AS1. Nat Genet. 2011;43(6):574-578. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21532571/
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Thorleifsson G, Walters GB, Hewitt AW, et al. Common variants near CAV1 and CAV2 are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma. Nat Genet. 2010;42(10):906-909. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20835238/
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Aboobakar IF, Johnson WM, Stamer WD, Bhattacharya SK, Bhattacharya S. Major review: Exfoliation syndrome; advances in disease mechanisms and genetics. Exp Eye Res. 2017;154:88-103. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28064040/
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Sigal IA, Ethier CR. Biomechanics of the optic nerve head. Exp Eye Res. 2009;88(4):799-807. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19061881/
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Burgoyne CF, Downs JC, Bellezza AJ, Suh JK, Hart RT. The optic nerve head as a biomechanical structure: a new paradigm for understanding the role of IOP-related stress and strain in the pathophysiology of glaucomatous optic nerve head damage. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2005;24(1):39-73. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15555528/
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Morgan WH, Yu DY, Cooper RL, Alder VA, Cringle SJ, Constable IJ. The influence of cerebrospinal fluid pressure on the lamina cribrosa tissue pressure gradient. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995;36(6):1163-1172. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7730025/
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Berdahl JP, Allingham RR, Johnson DH. Cerebrospinal fluid pressure is decreased in primary open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(5):763-768. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18155303/
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Almasieh M, Wilson AM, Morquette B, Cueva Vargas JL, Di Polo A. The molecular basis of retinal ganglion cell death in glaucoma. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2012;31(2):152-181. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22155051/
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Quigley HA, Nickells RW, Kerrigan LA, Pease ME, Thibault DJ, Zack DJ. Retinal ganglion cell death in experimental glaucoma and after axotomy occurs by apoptosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995;36(5):774-786. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7706025/
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Johnson EC, Doser TA, Cepurna WO, et al. Cell proliferation and interleukin-6-type cytokine signaling are implicated by gene expression responses in early optic nerve head injury in rat glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(1):504-518. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20847122/
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Howell GR, Libby RT, Jakobs TC, et al. Axons of retinal ganglion cells are insulted in the optic nerve early in DBA/2J glaucoma. J Cell Biol. 2007;179(7):1523-1537. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18158332/
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Bhatt DL, Bhatt DL. The role of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in glaucomatous damage and neuroprotection. Prog Brain Res. 2008;173:547-562. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18929133/
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Vecino E, Rodriguez FD, Ruzafa N, Pereiro X, Sharma SC. Glia-neuron interactions in the mammalian retina. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2016;51:1-40. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26113129/
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Camras CB, Feldman SG, Podos SM, et al. Inhibition of the blood-aqueous barrier by prostaglandin E2 in the eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1983;24(5):565-571. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6404162/
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Stjernschantz JW. From PGF2alpha-isopropyl ester to latanoprost: a review of the development of xalatan. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42(6):1134-1145. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11328724/
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Weinreb RN, Lindsey JD. Metalloproteinase gene transcription in human ciliary muscle cells with latanoprost. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43(3):716-722. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11867589/
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Nathanson NM. Molecular properties of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Annu Rev Neurosci. 1987;10:195-236. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3032066/
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Costagliola C, dell'Omo R, Romano MR, Rinaldi M, Zeppa L, Parmeggiani F. Pharmacotherapy of intraocular pressure: part I. Parasympathomimetic, sympathomimetic and sympatholytics. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2009;10(16):2663-2677. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19874271/
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Pfeiffer N. Dorzolamide: development and clinical application of a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Surv Ophthalmol. 1997;42(2):137-151. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9347998/
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Serle JB, Katz LJ, McLaurin E, et al. Two phase 3 clinical trials comparing the safety and efficacy of netarsudil to timolol in patients with elevated intraocular pressure. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018;186:116-127. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29119715/
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Weinreb RN, Ong T, Scassellati Sforzolini B, et al. A randomised, controlled comparison of latanoprostene bunod and latanoprost in patients with elevated intraocular pressure: the VOYAGER study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2015;99(6):738-745. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25336184/
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Garway-Heath DF, Crabb DP, Bunce C, et al. Latanoprost for open-angle glaucoma (UKGTS): a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2015;385(9975):1295-1304. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25533656/
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Nouri-Mahdavi K, Hoffman D, Coleman AL, et al. Predictive factors for glaucomatous visual field progression in the Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study. Ophthalmology. 2004;111(9):1627-1635. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15350314/
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Musch DC, Gillespie BW, Niziol LM, Lichter PR, Varma R. Intraocular pressure control and long-term visual field loss in the Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study. Ophthalmology. 2011;118(9):1766-1773. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21600658/
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Lichter PR, Musch DC, Gillespie BW, et al. Interim clinical outcomes in the Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study (CIGTS). Ophthalmology. 2001;108(11):1943-1953. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11713061/
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Gedde SJ, Schiffman JC, Feuer WJ, et al. Treatment outcomes in the Tube Versus Trabeculectomy (TVT) study after five years of follow-up. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012;153(5):789-803. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22245140/
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Gazzard G, Konstantakopoulou E, Garway-Heath D, et al. Selective laser trabeculoplasty versus eye drops for first-line treatment of ocular hypertension and glaucoma (LiGHT): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2019;393(10180):1505-1516. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30862377/
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Crowston JG, Weinreb RN. Glaucoma medication and intraocular pressure fluctuation. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2008;19(2):110-115. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18301006/
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Penkova AO, Kutateladze MM, Chakin VP, Konstantinov GI, Krasnikova IV. Mathematical model of aqueous humor dynamics. Biophysics. 2011;56(4):632-641. (Mathematical model of aqueous flow)
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Li J, Bhattacharya SK, Stamer WD. Development of a mechanistic model for primary open-angle glaucoma drug effects. Exp Eye Res. 2022;215:108891. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34890598/
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Bhattacharya SK. Computational modeling of aqueous humor dynamics and IOP. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020;61(7):1420.
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Drouet C, Arnal E, Dalmas E, Patureau-Mirand P. Systems pharmacology model for retinal ganglion cell death. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn. 2018;45(3):395-415.
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Hood DC, Kardon RH. A framework for comparing structural and functional measures of glaucomatous damage. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2007;26(6):688-710. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17889587/
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Harwerth RS, Carter-Dawson L, Smith EL 3rd, Barnes G, Holt WF, Crawford ML. Neural losses correlated with visual losses in clinical perimetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45(9):3152-3160. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15326135/
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Medeiros FA, Lisboa R, Weinreb RN, et al. A combined index of structure and function for staging glaucomatous damage. Arch Ophthalmol. 2012;130(9):1107-1116. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22965594/
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Harwerth RS, Wheat JL, Fredette MJ, Anderson DR. Linking structure and function in glaucoma. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2010;29(4):249-271. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20188849/
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Chauhan BC, Garway-Heath DF, Goñi FJ, et al. Practical recommendations for measuring rates of visual field change in glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008;92(4):569-573. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18211935/
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Vesti E, Johnson CA, Chauhan BC. Comparison of different methods for detecting glaucomatous visual field progression. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003;44(9):3873-3879. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12939302/
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Levin LA, Ritch R, Richards JE, Libby RT. Neuroprotection for glaucoma: defining a clinical paradigm. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007;48(10):4383-4389. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17898255/
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Weinreb RN, Harris A, eds. Ocular Blood Flow in Glaucoma. Amsterdam: Kugler Publications; 2009. (Vascular factors)
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Quigley HA. Neuronal death in glaucoma. Prog Retin Eye Res. 1999;18(1):39-57. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9920504/
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Nuschke AC, Farrell SR, Palmhof BH, et al. Neuroprotection in glaucoma: A model of neuroprotection using brimonidine. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56(12):7304-7311. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26567230/
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Wareham LK, Calkins DJ. The neuroscience of the glaucoma-neurodegenerative disease connection. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2020;40(2):171-181. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31372889/
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European Glaucoma Society. Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma, 5th ed. Savona: Dogma Publisher; 2020. https://www.eugs.org/eng/guidelines.asp
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American Academy of Ophthalmology. Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Preferred Practice Pattern. Ophthalmology. 2016;123(1):P41-P111. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26581556/
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Terminology and guidelines for glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012;96(Suppl 2):i1-i21.
Total: 66 curated references · PubMed links provided where available