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# Run the _testcapi module tests (tests for the Python/C API): by defn,
# these are all functions _testcapi exports whose name begins with 'test_'.
import _thread
from collections import deque
import contextlib
import importlib.machinery
import importlib.util
import json
import os
import pickle
import queue
import random
import sys
import textwrap
import threading
import time
import types
import unittest
import warnings
import weakref
import operator
from test import support
from test.support import MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS
from test.support import import_helper
from test.support import threading_helper
from test.support import warnings_helper
from test.support import requires_limited_api
from test.support import suppress_immortalization
from test.support import expected_failure_if_gil_disabled
from test.support import Py_GIL_DISABLED
from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_failure, assert_python_ok, run_python_until_end
try:
import _posixsubprocess
except ImportError:
_posixsubprocess = None
try:
import _testmultiphase
except ImportError:
_testmultiphase = None
try:
import _testsinglephase
except ImportError:
_testsinglephase = None
try:
import _interpreters
except ModuleNotFoundError:
_interpreters = None
# Skip this test if the _testcapi module isn't available.
_testcapi = import_helper.import_module('_testcapi')
import _testlimitedcapi
import _testinternalcapi
NULL = None
def decode_stderr(err):
return err.decode('utf-8', 'replace').replace('\r', '')
def requires_subinterpreters(meth):
"""Decorator to skip a test if subinterpreters are not supported."""
return unittest.skipIf(_interpreters is None,
'subinterpreters required')(meth)
def testfunction(self):
"""some doc"""
return self
class InstanceMethod:
id = _testcapi.instancemethod(id)
testfunction = _testcapi.instancemethod(testfunction)
class CAPITest(unittest.TestCase):
def test_instancemethod(self):
inst = InstanceMethod()
self.assertEqual(id(inst), inst.id())
self.assertTrue(inst.testfunction() is inst)
self.assertEqual(inst.testfunction.__doc__, testfunction.__doc__)
self.assertEqual(InstanceMethod.testfunction.__doc__, testfunction.__doc__)
InstanceMethod.testfunction.attribute = "test"
self.assertEqual(testfunction.attribute, "test")
self.assertRaises(AttributeError, setattr, inst.testfunction, "attribute", "test")
@support.requires_subprocess()
def test_no_FatalError_infinite_loop(self):
code = textwrap.dedent("""
import _testcapi
from test import support
with support.SuppressCrashReport():
_testcapi.crash_no_current_thread()
""")
run_result, _cmd_line = run_python_until_end('-c', code)
_rc, out, err = run_result
self.assertEqual(out, b'')
# This used to cause an infinite loop.
msg = ("Fatal Python error: PyThreadState_Get: "
"the function must be called with the GIL held, "
"after Python initialization and before Python finalization, "
"but the GIL is released "
"(the current Python thread state is NULL)").encode()
self.assertTrue(err.rstrip().startswith(msg),
err)
def test_memoryview_from_NULL_pointer(self):
self.assertRaises(ValueError, _testcapi.make_memoryview_from_NULL_pointer)
@unittest.skipUnless(_posixsubprocess, '_posixsubprocess required for this test.')
def test_seq_bytes_to_charp_array(self):
# Issue #15732: crash in _PySequence_BytesToCharpArray()
class Z(object):
def __len__(self):
return 1
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'indexing'):
_posixsubprocess.fork_exec(
1,Z(),True,(1, 2),5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,True,True,17,False,19,20,21,22,False)
# Issue #15736: overflow in _PySequence_BytesToCharpArray()
class Z(object):
def __len__(self):
return sys.maxsize
def __getitem__(self, i):
return b'x'
self.assertRaises(MemoryError, _posixsubprocess.fork_exec,
1,Z(),True,(1, 2),5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,True,True,17,False,19,20,21,22,False)
@unittest.skipUnless(_posixsubprocess, '_posixsubprocess required for this test.')
def test_subprocess_fork_exec(self):
class Z(object):
def __len__(self):
return 1
# Issue #15738: crash in subprocess_fork_exec()
self.assertRaises(TypeError, _posixsubprocess.fork_exec,
Z(),[b'1'],True,(1, 2),5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,True,True,17,False,19,20,21,22,False)
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_docstring_signature_parsing(self):
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.no_docstring.__doc__, None)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.no_docstring.__text_signature__, None)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_empty.__doc__, None)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_empty.__text_signature__, None)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_no_signature.__doc__,
"This docstring has no signature.")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_no_signature.__text_signature__, None)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_with_invalid_signature.__doc__,
"docstring_with_invalid_signature($module, /, boo)\n"
"\n"
"This docstring has an invalid signature."
)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_with_invalid_signature.__text_signature__, None)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_with_invalid_signature2.__doc__,
"docstring_with_invalid_signature2($module, /, boo)\n"
"\n"
"--\n"
"\n"
"This docstring also has an invalid signature."
)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_with_invalid_signature2.__text_signature__, None)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_with_signature.__doc__,
"This docstring has a valid signature.")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_with_signature.__text_signature__, "($module, /, sig)")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_with_signature_but_no_doc.__doc__, None)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_with_signature_but_no_doc.__text_signature__,
"($module, /, sig)")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_with_signature_and_extra_newlines.__doc__,
"\nThis docstring has a valid signature and some extra newlines.")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.docstring_with_signature_and_extra_newlines.__text_signature__,
"($module, /, parameter)")
def test_c_type_with_matrix_multiplication(self):
M = _testcapi.matmulType
m1 = M()
m2 = M()
self.assertEqual(m1 @ m2, ("matmul", m1, m2))
self.assertEqual(m1 @ 42, ("matmul", m1, 42))
self.assertEqual(42 @ m1, ("matmul", 42, m1))
o = m1
o @= m2
self.assertEqual(o, ("imatmul", m1, m2))
o = m1
o @= 42
self.assertEqual(o, ("imatmul", m1, 42))
o = 42
o @= m1
self.assertEqual(o, ("matmul", 42, m1))
def test_c_type_with_ipow(self):
# When the __ipow__ method of a type was implemented in C, using the
# modulo param would cause segfaults.
o = _testcapi.ipowType()
self.assertEqual(o.__ipow__(1), (1, None))
self.assertEqual(o.__ipow__(2, 2), (2, 2))
def test_return_null_without_error(self):
# Issue #23571: A function must not return NULL without setting an
# error
if support.Py_DEBUG:
code = textwrap.dedent("""
import _testcapi
from test import support
with support.SuppressCrashReport():
_testcapi.return_null_without_error()
""")
rc, out, err = assert_python_failure('-c', code)
err = decode_stderr(err)
self.assertRegex(err,
r'Fatal Python error: _Py_CheckFunctionResult: '
r'a function returned NULL without setting an exception\n'
r'Python runtime state: initialized\n'
r'SystemError: <built-in function return_null_without_error> '
r'returned NULL without setting an exception\n'
r'\n'
r'Current thread.*:\n'
r' File .*", line 6 in <module>\n')
else:
with self.assertRaises(SystemError) as cm:
_testcapi.return_null_without_error()
self.assertRegex(str(cm.exception),
'return_null_without_error.* '
'returned NULL without setting an exception')
def test_return_result_with_error(self):
# Issue #23571: A function must not return a result with an error set
if support.Py_DEBUG:
code = textwrap.dedent("""
import _testcapi
from test import support
with support.SuppressCrashReport():
_testcapi.return_result_with_error()
""")
rc, out, err = assert_python_failure('-c', code)
err = decode_stderr(err)
self.assertRegex(err,
r'Fatal Python error: _Py_CheckFunctionResult: '
r'a function returned a result with an exception set\n'
r'Python runtime state: initialized\n'
r'ValueError\n'
r'\n'
r'The above exception was the direct cause '
r'of the following exception:\n'
r'\n'
r'SystemError: <built-in '
r'function return_result_with_error> '
r'returned a result with an exception set\n'
r'\n'
r'Current thread.*:\n'
r' File .*, line 6 in <module>\n')
else:
with self.assertRaises(SystemError) as cm:
_testcapi.return_result_with_error()
self.assertRegex(str(cm.exception),
'return_result_with_error.* '
'returned a result with an exception set')
def test_getitem_with_error(self):
# Test _Py_CheckSlotResult(). Raise an exception and then calls
# PyObject_GetItem(): check that the assertion catches the bug.
# PyObject_GetItem() must not be called with an exception set.
code = textwrap.dedent("""
import _testcapi
from test import support
with support.SuppressCrashReport():
_testcapi.getitem_with_error({1: 2}, 1)
""")
rc, out, err = assert_python_failure('-c', code)
err = decode_stderr(err)
if 'SystemError: ' not in err:
self.assertRegex(err,
r'Fatal Python error: _Py_CheckSlotResult: '
r'Slot __getitem__ of type dict succeeded '
r'with an exception set\n'
r'Python runtime state: initialized\n'
r'ValueError: bug\n'
r'\n'
r'Current thread .* \(most recent call first\):\n'
r' File .*, line 6 in <module>\n'
r'\n'
r'Extension modules: _testcapi \(total: 1\)\n')
else:
# Python built with NDEBUG macro defined:
# test _Py_CheckFunctionResult() instead.
self.assertIn('returned a result with an exception set', err)
def test_buildvalue(self):
# Test Py_BuildValue() with object arguments
buildvalue = _testcapi.py_buildvalue
self.assertEqual(buildvalue(''), None)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('()'), ())
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('[]'), [])
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('{}'), {})
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('()[]{}'), ((), [], {}))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('O', 1), 1)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('(O)', 1), (1,))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('[O]', 1), [1])
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, '{O}', 1)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('OO', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('(OO)', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('[OO]', 1, 2), [1, 2])
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('{OO}', 1, 2), {1: 2})
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('{OOOO}', 1, 2, 3, 4), {1: 2, 3: 4})
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('((O))', 1), ((1,),))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('((OO))', 1, 2), ((1, 2),))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue(' \t,:'), None)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('O,', 1), 1)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue(' O ', 1), 1)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('\tO\t', 1), 1)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('O,O', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('O, O', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('O,\tO', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('O O', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('O\tO', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('(O,O)', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('(O, O,)', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue(' ( O O ) ', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('\t(\tO\tO\t)\t', 1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('[O,O]', 1, 2), [1, 2])
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('[O, O,]', 1, 2), [1, 2])
self.assertEqual(buildvalue(' [ O O ] ', 1, 2), [1, 2])
self.assertEqual(buildvalue(' [\tO\tO\t] ', 1, 2), [1, 2])
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('{O:O}', 1, 2), {1: 2})
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('{O:O,O:O}', 1, 2, 3, 4), {1: 2, 3: 4})
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('{O: O, O: O,}', 1, 2, 3, 4), {1: 2, 3: 4})
self.assertEqual(buildvalue(' { O O O O } ', 1, 2, 3, 4), {1: 2, 3: 4})
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('\t{\tO\tO\tO\tO\t}\t', 1, 2, 3, 4), {1: 2, 3: 4})
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, 'O', NULL)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, '(O)', NULL)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, '[O]', NULL)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, '{O}', NULL)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, 'OO', 1, NULL)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, 'OO', NULL, 2)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, '(OO)', 1, NULL)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, '(OO)', NULL, 2)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, '[OO]', 1, NULL)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, '[OO]', NULL, 2)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, '{OO}', 1, NULL)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, buildvalue, '{OO}', NULL, 2)
def test_buildvalue_ints(self):
# Test Py_BuildValue() with integer arguments
buildvalue = _testcapi.py_buildvalue_ints
from _testcapi import SHRT_MIN, SHRT_MAX, USHRT_MAX, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, UINT_MAX
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('i', INT_MAX), INT_MAX)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('i', INT_MIN), INT_MIN)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('I', UINT_MAX), UINT_MAX)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('h', SHRT_MAX), SHRT_MAX)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('h', SHRT_MIN), SHRT_MIN)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('H', USHRT_MAX), USHRT_MAX)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('b', 127), 127)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('b', -128), -128)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('B', 255), 255)
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('c', ord('A')), b'A')
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('c', 255), b'\xff')
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('c', 256), b'\x00')
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('c', -1), b'\xff')
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('C', 255), chr(255))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('C', 256), chr(256))
self.assertEqual(buildvalue('C', sys.maxunicode), chr(sys.maxunicode))
self.assertRaises(ValueError, buildvalue, 'C', -1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, buildvalue, 'C', sys.maxunicode+1)
# gh-84489
self.assertRaises(ValueError, buildvalue, '(C )i', -1, 2)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, buildvalue, '[C ]i', -1, 2)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, buildvalue, '{Ci }i', -1, 2, 3)
def test_buildvalue_N(self):
_testcapi.test_buildvalue_N()
def check_negative_refcount(self, code):
# bpo-35059: Check that Py_DECREF() reports the correct filename
# when calling _Py_NegativeRefcount() to abort Python.
code = textwrap.dedent(code)
rc, out, err = assert_python_failure('-c', code)
self.assertRegex(err,
br'_testcapimodule\.c:[0-9]+: '
br'_Py_NegativeRefcount: Assertion failed: '
br'object has negative ref count')
@unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(_testcapi, 'negative_refcount'),
'need _testcapi.negative_refcount()')
def test_negative_refcount(self):
code = """
import _testcapi
from test import support
with support.SuppressCrashReport():
_testcapi.negative_refcount()
"""
self.check_negative_refcount(code)
@unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(_testcapi, 'decref_freed_object'),
'need _testcapi.decref_freed_object()')
@support.skip_if_sanitizer("use after free on purpose",
address=True, memory=True, ub=True)
def test_decref_freed_object(self):
code = """
import _testcapi
from test import support
with support.SuppressCrashReport():
_testcapi.decref_freed_object()
"""
self.check_negative_refcount(code)
def test_trashcan_subclass(self):
# bpo-35983: Check that the trashcan mechanism for "list" is NOT
# activated when its tp_dealloc is being called by a subclass
from _testcapi import MyList
L = None
for i in range(1000):
L = MyList((L,))
@support.requires_resource('cpu')
def test_trashcan_python_class1(self):
self.do_test_trashcan_python_class(list)
@support.requires_resource('cpu')
def test_trashcan_python_class2(self):
from _testcapi import MyList
self.do_test_trashcan_python_class(MyList)
def do_test_trashcan_python_class(self, base):
# Check that the trashcan mechanism works properly for a Python
# subclass of a class using the trashcan (this specific test assumes
# that the base class "base" behaves like list)
class PyList(base):
# Count the number of PyList instances to verify that there is
# no memory leak
num = 0
def __init__(self, *args):
__class__.num += 1
super().__init__(*args)
def __del__(self):
__class__.num -= 1
for parity in (0, 1):
L = None
# We need in the order of 2**20 iterations here such that a
# typical 8MB stack would overflow without the trashcan.
for i in range(2**20):
L = PyList((L,))
L.attr = i
if parity:
# Add one additional nesting layer
L = (L,)
self.assertGreater(PyList.num, 0)
del L
self.assertEqual(PyList.num, 0)
@unittest.skipIf(MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS,
"Signature information for builtins requires docstrings")
def test_heap_ctype_doc_and_text_signature(self):
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.HeapDocCType.__doc__, "somedoc")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.HeapDocCType.__text_signature__, "(arg1, arg2)")
def test_null_type_doc(self):
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.NullTpDocType.__doc__, None)
@suppress_immortalization()
def test_subclass_of_heap_gc_ctype_with_tpdealloc_decrefs_once(self):
class HeapGcCTypeSubclass(_testcapi.HeapGcCType):
def __init__(self):
self.value2 = 20
super().__init__()
subclass_instance = HeapGcCTypeSubclass()
type_refcnt = sys.getrefcount(HeapGcCTypeSubclass)
# Test that subclass instance was fully created
self.assertEqual(subclass_instance.value, 10)
self.assertEqual(subclass_instance.value2, 20)
# Test that the type reference count is only decremented once
del subclass_instance
self.assertEqual(type_refcnt - 1, sys.getrefcount(HeapGcCTypeSubclass))
@suppress_immortalization()
def test_subclass_of_heap_gc_ctype_with_del_modifying_dunder_class_only_decrefs_once(self):
class A(_testcapi.HeapGcCType):
def __init__(self):
self.value2 = 20
super().__init__()
class B(A):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
def __del__(self):
self.__class__ = A
A.refcnt_in_del = sys.getrefcount(A)
B.refcnt_in_del = sys.getrefcount(B)
subclass_instance = B()
type_refcnt = sys.getrefcount(B)
new_type_refcnt = sys.getrefcount(A)
# Test that subclass instance was fully created
self.assertEqual(subclass_instance.value, 10)
self.assertEqual(subclass_instance.value2, 20)
del subclass_instance
# Test that setting __class__ modified the reference counts of the types
if support.Py_DEBUG:
# gh-89373: In debug mode, _Py_Dealloc() keeps a strong reference
# to the type while calling tp_dealloc()
self.assertEqual(type_refcnt, B.refcnt_in_del)
else:
self.assertEqual(type_refcnt - 1, B.refcnt_in_del)
self.assertEqual(new_type_refcnt + 1, A.refcnt_in_del)
# Test that the original type already has decreased its refcnt
self.assertEqual(type_refcnt - 1, sys.getrefcount(B))
# Test that subtype_dealloc decref the newly assigned __class__ only once
self.assertEqual(new_type_refcnt, sys.getrefcount(A))
def test_heaptype_with_dict(self):
inst = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithDict()
inst.foo = 42
self.assertEqual(inst.foo, 42)
self.assertEqual(inst.dictobj, inst.__dict__)
self.assertEqual(inst.dictobj, {"foo": 42})
inst = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithDict()
self.assertEqual({}, inst.__dict__)
def test_heaptype_with_managed_dict(self):
inst = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedDict()
inst.foo = 42
self.assertEqual(inst.foo, 42)
self.assertEqual(inst.__dict__, {"foo": 42})
inst = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedDict()
self.assertEqual({}, inst.__dict__)
a = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedDict()
b = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedDict()
a.b = b
b.a = a
del a, b
def test_sublclassing_managed_dict(self):
class C(_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedDict):
pass
i = C()
i.spam = i
del i
def test_heaptype_with_negative_dict(self):
inst = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithNegativeDict()
inst.foo = 42
self.assertEqual(inst.foo, 42)
self.assertEqual(inst.dictobj, inst.__dict__)
self.assertEqual(inst.dictobj, {"foo": 42})
inst = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithNegativeDict()
self.assertEqual({}, inst.__dict__)
def test_heaptype_with_weakref(self):
inst = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithWeakref()
ref = weakref.ref(inst)
self.assertEqual(ref(), inst)
self.assertEqual(inst.weakreflist, ref)
def test_heaptype_with_managed_weakref(self):
inst = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedWeakref()
ref = weakref.ref(inst)
self.assertEqual(ref(), inst)
def test_sublclassing_managed_weakref(self):
class C(_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedWeakref):
pass
inst = C()
ref = weakref.ref(inst)
self.assertEqual(ref(), inst)
def test_sublclassing_managed_both(self):
class C1(_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedWeakref, _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedDict):
pass
class C2(_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedDict, _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedWeakref):
pass
for cls in (C1, C2):
inst = cls()
ref = weakref.ref(inst)
self.assertEqual(ref(), inst)
inst.spam = inst
del inst
ref = weakref.ref(cls())
self.assertIs(ref(), None)
def test_heaptype_with_buffer(self):
inst = _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithBuffer()
b = bytes(inst)
self.assertEqual(b, b"1234")
def test_c_subclass_of_heap_ctype_with_tpdealloc_decrefs_once(self):
subclass_instance = _testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclass()
type_refcnt = sys.getrefcount(_testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclass)
# Test that subclass instance was fully created
self.assertEqual(subclass_instance.value, 10)
self.assertEqual(subclass_instance.value2, 20)
# Test that the type reference count is only decremented once
del subclass_instance
self.assertEqual(type_refcnt - 1, sys.getrefcount(_testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclass))
def test_c_subclass_of_heap_ctype_with_del_modifying_dunder_class_only_decrefs_once(self):
subclass_instance = _testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclassWithFinalizer()
type_refcnt = sys.getrefcount(_testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclassWithFinalizer)
new_type_refcnt = sys.getrefcount(_testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclass)
# Test that subclass instance was fully created
self.assertEqual(subclass_instance.value, 10)
self.assertEqual(subclass_instance.value2, 20)
# The tp_finalize slot will set __class__ to HeapCTypeSubclass
del subclass_instance
# Test that setting __class__ modified the reference counts of the types
if support.Py_DEBUG:
# gh-89373: In debug mode, _Py_Dealloc() keeps a strong reference
# to the type while calling tp_dealloc()
self.assertEqual(type_refcnt, _testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclassWithFinalizer.refcnt_in_del)
else:
self.assertEqual(type_refcnt - 1, _testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclassWithFinalizer.refcnt_in_del)
self.assertEqual(new_type_refcnt + 1, _testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclass.refcnt_in_del)
# Test that the original type already has decreased its refcnt
self.assertEqual(type_refcnt - 1, sys.getrefcount(_testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclassWithFinalizer))
# Test that subtype_dealloc decref the newly assigned __class__ only once
self.assertEqual(new_type_refcnt, sys.getrefcount(_testcapi.HeapCTypeSubclass))
def test_heaptype_with_setattro(self):
obj = _testcapi.HeapCTypeSetattr()
self.assertEqual(obj.pvalue, 10)
obj.value = 12
self.assertEqual(obj.pvalue, 12)
del obj.value
self.assertEqual(obj.pvalue, 0)
def test_heaptype_with_custom_metaclass(self):
metaclass = _testcapi.HeapCTypeMetaclass
self.assertTrue(issubclass(metaclass, type))
# Class creation from C
t = _testcapi.pytype_fromspec_meta(metaclass)
self.assertIsInstance(t, type)
self.assertEqual(t.__name__, "HeapCTypeViaMetaclass")
self.assertIs(type(t), metaclass)
# Class creation from Python
t = metaclass("PyClassViaMetaclass", (), {})
self.assertIsInstance(t, type)
self.assertEqual(t.__name__, "PyClassViaMetaclass")
def test_heaptype_with_custom_metaclass_null_new(self):
metaclass = _testcapi.HeapCTypeMetaclassNullNew
self.assertTrue(issubclass(metaclass, type))
# Class creation from C
t = _testcapi.pytype_fromspec_meta(metaclass)
self.assertIsInstance(t, type)
self.assertEqual(t.__name__, "HeapCTypeViaMetaclass")
self.assertIs(type(t), metaclass)
# Class creation from Python
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "cannot create .* instances"):
metaclass("PyClassViaMetaclass", (), {})
def test_heaptype_with_custom_metaclass_custom_new(self):
metaclass = _testcapi.HeapCTypeMetaclassCustomNew
self.assertTrue(issubclass(_testcapi.HeapCTypeMetaclassCustomNew, type))
msg = "Metaclasses with custom tp_new are not supported."
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, msg):
t = _testcapi.pytype_fromspec_meta(metaclass)
def test_heaptype_with_custom_metaclass_deprecation(self):
metaclass = _testcapi.HeapCTypeMetaclassCustomNew
# gh-103968: a metaclass with custom tp_new is deprecated, but still
# allowed for functions that existed in 3.11
# (PyType_FromSpecWithBases is used here).
class Base(metaclass=metaclass):
pass
# Class creation from C
with warnings_helper.check_warnings(
('.* _testcapi.Subclass .* custom tp_new.*in Python 3.14.*', DeprecationWarning),
):
sub = _testcapi.make_type_with_base(Base)
self.assertTrue(issubclass(sub, Base))
self.assertIsInstance(sub, metaclass)
def test_multiple_inheritance_ctypes_with_weakref_or_dict(self):
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
class Both1(_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithWeakref, _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithDict):
pass
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
class Both2(_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithDict, _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithWeakref):
pass
def test_multiple_inheritance_ctypes_with_weakref_or_dict_and_other_builtin(self):
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
class C1(_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithDict, list):
pass
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
class C2(_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithWeakref, list):
pass
class C3(_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedDict, list):
pass
class C4(_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedWeakref, list):
pass
inst = C3()
inst.append(0)
str(inst.__dict__)
inst = C4()
inst.append(0)
str(inst.__weakref__)
for cls in (_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedDict, _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithManagedWeakref):
for cls2 in (_testcapi.HeapCTypeWithDict, _testcapi.HeapCTypeWithWeakref):
class S(cls, cls2):
pass
class B1(C3, cls):
pass
class B2(C4, cls):
pass
def test_pytype_fromspec_with_repeated_slots(self):
for variant in range(2):
with self.subTest(variant=variant):
with self.assertRaises(SystemError):
_testcapi.create_type_from_repeated_slots(variant)
@warnings_helper.ignore_warnings(category=DeprecationWarning)
def test_immutable_type_with_mutable_base(self):
# Add deprecation warning here so it's removed in 3.14
warnings._deprecated(
'creating immutable classes with mutable bases', remove=(3, 14))
class MutableBase:
def meth(self):
return 'original'
with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
ImmutableSubclass = _testcapi.make_immutable_type_with_base(
MutableBase)
instance = ImmutableSubclass()
self.assertEqual(instance.meth(), 'original')
# Cannot override the static type's method
with self.assertRaisesRegex(
TypeError,
"cannot set 'meth' attribute of immutable type"):
ImmutableSubclass.meth = lambda self: 'overridden'
self.assertEqual(instance.meth(), 'original')
# Can change the method on the mutable base
MutableBase.meth = lambda self: 'changed'
self.assertEqual(instance.meth(), 'changed')
def test_pynumber_tobase(self):
from _testcapi import pynumber_tobase
small_number = 123
large_number = 2**64
class IDX:
def __init__(self, val):
self.val = val
def __index__(self):
return self.val
test_cases = ((2, '0b1111011', '0b10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'),
(8, '0o173', '0o2000000000000000000000'),
(10, '123', '18446744073709551616'),
(16, '0x7b', '0x10000000000000000'))
for base, small_target, large_target in test_cases:
with self.subTest(base=base, st=small_target, lt=large_target):
# Test for small number
self.assertEqual(pynumber_tobase(small_number, base), small_target)
self.assertEqual(pynumber_tobase(-small_number, base), '-' + small_target)
self.assertEqual(pynumber_tobase(IDX(small_number), base), small_target)
# Test for large number(out of range of a longlong,i.e.[-2**63, 2**63-1])
self.assertEqual(pynumber_tobase(large_number, base), large_target)
self.assertEqual(pynumber_tobase(-large_number, base), '-' + large_target)
self.assertEqual(pynumber_tobase(IDX(large_number), base), large_target)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, pynumber_tobase, IDX(123.0), 10)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, pynumber_tobase, IDX('123'), 10)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, pynumber_tobase, 123.0, 10)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, pynumber_tobase, '123', 10)
self.assertRaises(SystemError, pynumber_tobase, 123, 0)
def test_pyobject_repr_from_null(self):
s = _testcapi.pyobject_repr_from_null()
self.assertEqual(s, '<NULL>')
def test_pyobject_str_from_null(self):
s = _testcapi.pyobject_str_from_null()
self.assertEqual(s, '<NULL>')
def test_pyobject_bytes_from_null(self):
s = _testcapi.pyobject_bytes_from_null()
self.assertEqual(s, b'<NULL>')
def test_Py_CompileString(self):
# Check that Py_CompileString respects the coding cookie
_compile = _testcapi.Py_CompileString
code = b"# -*- coding: latin1 -*-\nprint('\xc2\xa4')\n"
result = _compile(code)
expected = compile(code, "<string>", "exec")
self.assertEqual(result.co_consts, expected.co_consts)
def test_export_symbols(self):
# bpo-44133: Ensure that the "Py_FrozenMain" and
# "PyThread_get_thread_native_id" symbols are exported by the Python
# (directly by the binary, or via by the Python dynamic library).
ctypes = import_helper.import_module('ctypes')
names = []
# Test if the PY_HAVE_THREAD_NATIVE_ID macro is defined
if hasattr(_thread, 'get_native_id'):
names.append('PyThread_get_thread_native_id')
# Python/frozenmain.c fails to build on Windows when the symbols are
# missing:
# - PyWinFreeze_ExeInit
# - PyWinFreeze_ExeTerm
# - PyInitFrozenExtensions
if os.name != 'nt':
names.append('Py_FrozenMain')
for name in names:
with self.subTest(name=name):
self.assertTrue(hasattr(ctypes.pythonapi, name))
def test_clear_managed_dict(self):
class C:
def __init__(self):
self.a = 1
c = C()
_testcapi.clear_managed_dict(c)
self.assertEqual(c.__dict__, {})
c = C()
self.assertEqual(c.__dict__, {'a':1})
_testcapi.clear_managed_dict(c)
self.assertEqual(c.__dict__, {})
def test_eval_get_func_name(self):
def function_example(): ...
class A:
def method_example(self): ...
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.eval_get_func_name(function_example),
"function_example")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.eval_get_func_name(A.method_example),
"method_example")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.eval_get_func_name(A().method_example),
"method_example")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.eval_get_func_name(sum), "sum") # c function
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.eval_get_func_name(A), "type")
def test_eval_get_func_desc(self):
def function_example(): ...
class A:
def method_example(self): ...
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.eval_get_func_desc(function_example),
"()")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.eval_get_func_desc(A.method_example),
"()")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.eval_get_func_desc(A().method_example),
"()")
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.eval_get_func_desc(sum), "()") # c function
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.eval_get_func_desc(A), " object")
def test_function_get_code(self):
import types
def some():
pass
code = _testcapi.function_get_code(some)
self.assertIsInstance(code, types.CodeType)
self.assertEqual(code, some.__code__)
with self.assertRaises(SystemError):
_testcapi.function_get_code(None) # not a function
def test_function_get_globals(self):
def some():
pass
globals_ = _testcapi.function_get_globals(some)
self.assertIsInstance(globals_, dict)
self.assertEqual(globals_, some.__globals__)
with self.assertRaises(SystemError):
_testcapi.function_get_globals(None) # not a function
def test_function_get_module(self):
def some():
pass
module = _testcapi.function_get_module(some)
self.assertIsInstance(module, str)
self.assertEqual(module, some.__module__)
with self.assertRaises(SystemError):
_testcapi.function_get_module(None) # not a function
def test_function_get_defaults(self):
def some(
pos_only1, pos_only2='p',
/,
zero=0, optional=None,
*,
kw1,
kw2=True,
):
pass
defaults = _testcapi.function_get_defaults(some)
self.assertEqual(defaults, ('p', 0, None))
self.assertEqual(defaults, some.__defaults__)
with self.assertRaises(SystemError):
_testcapi.function_get_defaults(None) # not a function
def test_function_set_defaults(self):
def some(
pos_only1, pos_only2='p',
/,
zero=0, optional=None,
*,
kw1,
kw2=True,
):
pass
old_defaults = ('p', 0, None)
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.function_get_defaults(some), old_defaults)
self.assertEqual(some.__defaults__, old_defaults)
with self.assertRaises(SystemError):
_testcapi.function_set_defaults(some, 1) # not tuple or None
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.function_get_defaults(some), old_defaults)
self.assertEqual(some.__defaults__, old_defaults)
with self.assertRaises(SystemError):
_testcapi.function_set_defaults(1, ()) # not a function
self.assertEqual(_testcapi.function_get_defaults(some), old_defaults)