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"""
A directive for including a Matplotlib plot in a Sphinx document
================================================================
By default, in HTML output, `plot` will include a .png file with a link to a
high-res .png and .pdf. In LaTeX output, it will include a .pdf.
The source code for the plot may be included in one of three ways:
1. **A path to a source file** as the argument to the directive::
.. plot:: path/to/plot.py
When a path to a source file is given, the content of the
directive may optionally contain a caption for the plot::
.. plot:: path/to/plot.py
The plot's caption.
Additionally, one may specify the name of a function to call (with
no arguments) immediately after importing the module::
.. plot:: path/to/plot.py plot_function1
2. Included as **inline content** to the directive::
.. plot::
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as mpimg
import numpy as np
img = mpimg.imread('_static/stinkbug.png')
imgplot = plt.imshow(img)
3. Using **doctest** syntax::
.. plot::
A plotting example:
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> plt.plot([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])
Options
-------
The ``plot`` directive supports the following options:
format : {'python', 'doctest'}
The format of the input.
include-source : bool
Whether to display the source code. The default can be changed
using the `plot_include_source` variable in :file:`conf.py`.
encoding : str
If this source file is in a non-UTF8 or non-ASCII encoding, the
encoding must be specified using the ``:encoding:`` option. The
encoding will not be inferred using the ``-*- coding -*-`` metacomment.
context : bool or str
If provided, the code will be run in the context of all previous plot
directives for which the ``:context:`` option was specified. This only
applies to inline code plot directives, not those run from files. If
the ``:context: reset`` option is specified, the context is reset
for this and future plots, and previous figures are closed prior to
running the code. ``:context: close-figs`` keeps the context but closes
previous figures before running the code.
nofigs : bool
If specified, the code block will be run, but no figures will be
inserted. This is usually useful with the ``:context:`` option.
Additionally, this directive supports all of the options of the `image`
directive, except for *target* (since plot will add its own target). These
include *alt*, *height*, *width*, *scale*, *align* and *class*.
Configuration options
---------------------
The plot directive has the following configuration options:
plot_include_source
Default value for the include-source option
plot_html_show_source_link
Whether to show a link to the source in HTML.
plot_pre_code
Code that should be executed before each plot. If not specified or None
it will default to a string containing::
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plot_basedir
Base directory, to which ``plot::`` file names are relative
to. (If None or empty, file names are relative to the
directory where the file containing the directive is.)
plot_formats
File formats to generate. List of tuples or strings::
[(suffix, dpi), suffix, ...]
that determine the file format and the DPI. For entries whose
DPI was omitted, sensible defaults are chosen. When passing from
the command line through sphinx_build the list should be passed as
suffix:dpi,suffix:dpi, ...
plot_html_show_formats
Whether to show links to the files in HTML.
plot_rcparams
A dictionary containing any non-standard rcParams that should
be applied before each plot.
plot_apply_rcparams
By default, rcParams are applied when ``:context:`` option is not used
in a plot directive. This configuration option overrides this behavior
and applies rcParams before each plot.
plot_working_directory
By default, the working directory will be changed to the directory of
the example, so the code can get at its data files, if any. Also its
path will be added to `sys.path` so it can import any helper modules
sitting beside it. This configuration option can be used to specify
a central directory (also added to `sys.path`) where data files and
helper modules for all code are located.
plot_template
Provide a customized template for preparing restructured text.
"""
import contextlib
from io import StringIO
import itertools
import os
from os.path import relpath
from pathlib import Path
import re
import shutil
import sys
import textwrap
import traceback
from docutils.parsers.rst import directives, Directive
from docutils.parsers.rst.directives.images import Image
import jinja2 # Sphinx dependency.
import matplotlib
from matplotlib.backend_bases import FigureManagerBase
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import _pylab_helpers, cbook
matplotlib.use("agg")
align = Image.align
__version__ = 2
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registration hook
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _option_boolean(arg):
if not arg or not arg.strip():
# no argument given, assume used as a flag
return True
elif arg.strip().lower() in ('no', '0', 'false'):
return False
elif arg.strip().lower() in ('yes', '1', 'true'):
return True
else:
raise ValueError('"%s" unknown boolean' % arg)
def _option_context(arg):
if arg in [None, 'reset', 'close-figs']:
return arg
raise ValueError("Argument should be None or 'reset' or 'close-figs'")
def _option_format(arg):
return directives.choice(arg, ('python', 'doctest'))
def _option_align(arg):
return directives.choice(arg, ("top", "middle", "bottom", "left", "center",
"right"))
def mark_plot_labels(app, document):
"""
To make plots referenceable, we need to move the reference from the
"htmlonly" (or "latexonly") node to the actual figure node itself.
"""
for name, explicit in document.nametypes.items():
if not explicit:
continue
labelid = document.nameids[name]
if labelid is None:
continue
node = document.ids[labelid]
if node.tagname in ('html_only', 'latex_only'):
for n in node:
if n.tagname == 'figure':
sectname = name
for c in n:
if c.tagname == 'caption':
sectname = c.astext()
break
node['ids'].remove(labelid)
node['names'].remove(name)
n['ids'].append(labelid)
n['names'].append(name)
document.settings.env.labels[name] = \
document.settings.env.docname, labelid, sectname
break
class PlotDirective(Directive):
"""The ``.. plot::`` directive, as documented in the module's docstring."""
has_content = True
required_arguments = 0
optional_arguments = 2
final_argument_whitespace = False
option_spec = {
'alt': directives.unchanged,
'height': directives.length_or_unitless,
'width': directives.length_or_percentage_or_unitless,
'scale': directives.nonnegative_int,
'align': _option_align,
'class': directives.class_option,
'include-source': _option_boolean,
'format': _option_format,
'context': _option_context,
'nofigs': directives.flag,
'encoding': directives.encoding,
}
def run(self):
"""Run the plot directive."""
return run(self.arguments, self.content, self.options,
self.state_machine, self.state, self.lineno)
def setup(app):
import matplotlib
setup.app = app
setup.config = app.config
setup.confdir = app.confdir
app.add_directive('plot', PlotDirective)
app.add_config_value('plot_pre_code', None, True)
app.add_config_value('plot_include_source', False, True)
app.add_config_value('plot_html_show_source_link', True, True)
app.add_config_value('plot_formats', ['png', 'hires.png', 'pdf'], True)
app.add_config_value('plot_basedir', None, True)
app.add_config_value('plot_html_show_formats', True, True)
app.add_config_value('plot_rcparams', {}, True)
app.add_config_value('plot_apply_rcparams', False, True)
app.add_config_value('plot_working_directory', None, True)
app.add_config_value('plot_template', None, True)
app.connect('doctree-read', mark_plot_labels)
metadata = {'parallel_read_safe': True, 'parallel_write_safe': True,
'version': matplotlib.__version__}
return metadata
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Doctest handling
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
def contains_doctest(text):
try:
# check if it's valid Python as-is
compile(text, '<string>', 'exec')
return False
except SyntaxError:
pass
r = re.compile(r'^\s*>>>', re.M)
m = r.search(text)
return bool(m)
def unescape_doctest(text):
"""
Extract code from a piece of text, which contains either Python code
or doctests.
"""
if not contains_doctest(text):
return text
code = ""
for line in text.split("\n"):
m = re.match(r'^\s*(>>>|\.\.\.) (.*)$', line)
if m:
code += m.group(2) + "\n"
elif line.strip():
code += "# " + line.strip() + "\n"
else:
code += "\n"
return code
def split_code_at_show(text):
"""Split code at plt.show()."""
parts = []
is_doctest = contains_doctest(text)
part = []
for line in text.split("\n"):
if (not is_doctest and line.strip() == 'plt.show()') or \
(is_doctest and line.strip() == '>>> plt.show()'):
part.append(line)
parts.append("\n".join(part))
part = []
else:
part.append(line)
if "\n".join(part).strip():
parts.append("\n".join(part))
return parts
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Template
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEMPLATE = """
{{ source_code }}
.. only:: html
{% if source_link or (html_show_formats and not multi_image) %}
(
{%- if source_link -%}
`Source code <{{ source_link }}>`__
{%- endif -%}
{%- if html_show_formats and not multi_image -%}
{%- for img in images -%}
{%- for fmt in img.formats -%}
{%- if source_link or not loop.first -%}, {% endif -%}
`{{ fmt }} <{{ dest_dir }}/{{ img.basename }}.{{ fmt }}>`__
{%- endfor -%}
{%- endfor -%}
{%- endif -%}
)
{% endif %}
{% for img in images %}
.. figure:: {{ build_dir }}/{{ img.basename }}.{{ default_fmt }}
{% for option in options -%}
{{ option }}
{% endfor %}
{% if html_show_formats and multi_image -%}
(
{%- for fmt in img.formats -%}
{%- if not loop.first -%}, {% endif -%}
`{{ fmt }} <{{ dest_dir }}/{{ img.basename }}.{{ fmt }}>`__
{%- endfor -%}
)
{%- endif -%}
{{ caption }}
{% endfor %}
.. only:: not html
{% for img in images %}
.. figure:: {{ build_dir }}/{{ img.basename }}.*
{% for option in options -%}
{{ option }}
{% endfor %}
{{ caption }}
{% endfor %}
"""
exception_template = """
.. only:: html
[`source code <%(linkdir)s/%(basename)s.py>`__]
Exception occurred rendering plot.
"""
# the context of the plot for all directives specified with the
# :context: option
plot_context = dict()
class ImageFile:
def __init__(self, basename, dirname):
self.basename = basename
self.dirname = dirname
self.formats = []
def filename(self, format):
return os.path.join(self.dirname, "%s.%s" % (self.basename, format))
def filenames(self):
return [self.filename(fmt) for fmt in self.formats]
def out_of_date(original, derived):
"""
Return whether *derived* is out-of-date relative to *original*, both of
which are full file paths.
"""
return (not os.path.exists(derived) or
(os.path.exists(original) and
os.stat(derived).st_mtime < os.stat(original).st_mtime))
class PlotError(RuntimeError):
pass
def run_code(code, code_path, ns=None, function_name=None):
"""
Import a Python module from a path, and run the function given by
name, if function_name is not None.
"""
# Change the working directory to the directory of the example, so
# it can get at its data files, if any. Add its path to sys.path
# so it can import any helper modules sitting beside it.
pwd = os.getcwd()
if setup.config.plot_working_directory is not None:
try:
os.chdir(setup.config.plot_working_directory)
except OSError as err:
raise OSError(str(err) + '\n`plot_working_directory` option in'
'Sphinx configuration file must be a valid '
'directory path') from err
except TypeError as err:
raise TypeError(str(err) + '\n`plot_working_directory` option in '
'Sphinx configuration file must be a string or '
'None') from err
elif code_path is not None:
dirname = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(code_path))
os.chdir(dirname)
with cbook._setattr_cm(
sys, argv=[code_path], path=[os.getcwd(), *sys.path]), \
contextlib.redirect_stdout(StringIO()):
try:
code = unescape_doctest(code)
if ns is None:
ns = {}
if not ns:
if setup.config.plot_pre_code is None:
exec('import numpy as np\n'
'from matplotlib import pyplot as plt\n', ns)
else:
exec(str(setup.config.plot_pre_code), ns)
if "__main__" in code:
ns['__name__'] = '__main__'
# Patch out non-interactive show() to avoid triggering a warning.
with cbook._setattr_cm(FigureManagerBase, show=lambda self: None):
exec(code, ns)
if function_name is not None:
exec(function_name + "()", ns)
except (Exception, SystemExit) as err:
raise PlotError(traceback.format_exc()) from err
finally:
os.chdir(pwd)
return ns
def clear_state(plot_rcparams, close=True):
if close:
plt.close('all')
matplotlib.rc_file_defaults()
matplotlib.rcParams.update(plot_rcparams)
def get_plot_formats(config):
default_dpi = {'png': 80, 'hires.png': 200, 'pdf': 200}
formats = []
plot_formats = config.plot_formats
for fmt in plot_formats:
if isinstance(fmt, str):
if ':' in fmt:
suffix, dpi = fmt.split(':')
formats.append((str(suffix), int(dpi)))
else:
formats.append((fmt, default_dpi.get(fmt, 80)))
elif isinstance(fmt, (tuple, list)) and len(fmt) == 2:
formats.append((str(fmt[0]), int(fmt[1])))
else:
raise PlotError('invalid image format "%r" in plot_formats' % fmt)
return formats
def render_figures(code, code_path, output_dir, output_base, context,
function_name, config, context_reset=False,
close_figs=False):
"""
Run a pyplot script and save the images in *output_dir*.
Save the images under *output_dir* with file names derived from
*output_base*
"""
formats = get_plot_formats(config)
# -- Try to determine if all images already exist
code_pieces = split_code_at_show(code)
# Look for single-figure output files first
all_exists = True
img = ImageFile(output_base, output_dir)
for format, dpi in formats:
if out_of_date(code_path, img.filename(format)):
all_exists = False
break
img.formats.append(format)
if all_exists:
return [(code, [img])]
# Then look for multi-figure output files
results = []
all_exists = True
for i, code_piece in enumerate(code_pieces):
images = []
for j in itertools.count():
if len(code_pieces) > 1:
img = ImageFile('%s_%02d_%02d' % (output_base, i, j),
output_dir)
else:
img = ImageFile('%s_%02d' % (output_base, j), output_dir)
for fmt, dpi in formats:
if out_of_date(code_path, img.filename(fmt)):
all_exists = False
break
img.formats.append(fmt)
# assume that if we have one, we have them all
if not all_exists:
all_exists = (j > 0)
break
images.append(img)
if not all_exists:
break
results.append((code_piece, images))
if all_exists:
return results
# We didn't find the files, so build them
results = []
if context:
ns = plot_context
else:
ns = {}
if context_reset:
clear_state(config.plot_rcparams)
plot_context.clear()
close_figs = not context or close_figs
for i, code_piece in enumerate(code_pieces):
if not context or config.plot_apply_rcparams:
clear_state(config.plot_rcparams, close_figs)
elif close_figs:
plt.close('all')
run_code(code_piece, code_path, ns, function_name)
images = []
fig_managers = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_all_fig_managers()
for j, figman in enumerate(fig_managers):
if len(fig_managers) == 1 and len(code_pieces) == 1:
img = ImageFile(output_base, output_dir)
elif len(code_pieces) == 1:
img = ImageFile("%s_%02d" % (output_base, j), output_dir)
else:
img = ImageFile("%s_%02d_%02d" % (output_base, i, j),
output_dir)
images.append(img)
for fmt, dpi in formats:
try:
figman.canvas.figure.savefig(img.filename(fmt), dpi=dpi)
except Exception as err:
raise PlotError(traceback.format_exc()) from err
img.formats.append(fmt)
results.append((code_piece, images))
if not context or config.plot_apply_rcparams:
clear_state(config.plot_rcparams, close=not context)
return results
def run(arguments, content, options, state_machine, state, lineno):
document = state_machine.document
config = document.settings.env.config
nofigs = 'nofigs' in options
formats = get_plot_formats(config)
default_fmt = formats[0][0]
options.setdefault('include-source', config.plot_include_source)
keep_context = 'context' in options
context_opt = None if not keep_context else options['context']
rst_file = document.attributes['source']
rst_dir = os.path.dirname(rst_file)
if len(arguments):
if not config.plot_basedir:
source_file_name = os.path.join(setup.app.builder.srcdir,
directives.uri(arguments[0]))
else:
source_file_name = os.path.join(setup.confdir, config.plot_basedir,
directives.uri(arguments[0]))
# If there is content, it will be passed as a caption.
caption = '\n'.join(content)
# If the optional function name is provided, use it
if len(arguments) == 2:
function_name = arguments[1]
else:
function_name = None
code = Path(source_file_name).read_text(encoding='utf-8')
output_base = os.path.basename(source_file_name)
else:
source_file_name = rst_file
code = textwrap.dedent("\n".join(map(str, content)))
counter = document.attributes.get('_plot_counter', 0) + 1
document.attributes['_plot_counter'] = counter
base, ext = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(source_file_name))
output_base = '%s-%d.py' % (base, counter)
function_name = None
caption = ''
base, source_ext = os.path.splitext(output_base)
if source_ext in ('.py', '.rst', '.txt'):
output_base = base
else:
source_ext = ''
# ensure that LaTeX includegraphics doesn't choke in foo.bar.pdf filenames
output_base = output_base.replace('.', '-')
# is it in doctest format?
is_doctest = contains_doctest(code)
if 'format' in options:
if options['format'] == 'python':
is_doctest = False
else:
is_doctest = True
# determine output directory name fragment
source_rel_name = relpath(source_file_name, setup.confdir)
source_rel_dir = os.path.dirname(source_rel_name)
while source_rel_dir.startswith(os.path.sep):
source_rel_dir = source_rel_dir[1:]
# build_dir: where to place output files (temporarily)
build_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(setup.app.doctreedir),
'plot_directive',
source_rel_dir)
# get rid of .. in paths, also changes pathsep
# see note in Python docs for warning about symbolic links on Windows.
# need to compare source and dest paths at end
build_dir = os.path.normpath(build_dir)
if not os.path.exists(build_dir):
os.makedirs(build_dir)
# output_dir: final location in the builder's directory
dest_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(setup.app.builder.outdir,
source_rel_dir))
if not os.path.exists(dest_dir):
os.makedirs(dest_dir) # no problem here for me, but just use built-ins
# how to link to files from the RST file
dest_dir_link = os.path.join(relpath(setup.confdir, rst_dir),
source_rel_dir).replace(os.path.sep, '/')
try:
build_dir_link = relpath(build_dir, rst_dir).replace(os.path.sep, '/')
except ValueError:
# on Windows, relpath raises ValueError when path and start are on
# different mounts/drives
build_dir_link = build_dir
source_link = dest_dir_link + '/' + output_base + source_ext
# make figures
try:
results = render_figures(code,
source_file_name,
build_dir,
output_base,
keep_context,
function_name,
config,
context_reset=context_opt == 'reset',
close_figs=context_opt == 'close-figs')
errors = []
except PlotError as err:
reporter = state.memo.reporter
sm = reporter.system_message(
2, "Exception occurred in plotting {}\n from {}:\n{}".format(
output_base, source_file_name, err),
line=lineno)
results = [(code, [])]
errors = [sm]
# Properly indent the caption
caption = '\n'.join(' ' + line.strip()
for line in caption.split('\n'))
# generate output restructuredtext
total_lines = []
for j, (code_piece, images) in enumerate(results):
if options['include-source']:
if is_doctest:
lines = ['', *code_piece.splitlines()]
else:
lines = ['.. code-block:: python', '',
*textwrap.indent(code_piece, ' ').splitlines()]
source_code = "\n".join(lines)
else:
source_code = ""
if nofigs:
images = []
opts = [
':%s: %s' % (key, val) for key, val in options.items()
if key in ('alt', 'height', 'width', 'scale', 'align', 'class')]
# Not-None src_link signals the need for a source link in the generated
# html
if j == 0 and config.plot_html_show_source_link:
src_link = source_link
else:
src_link = None
result = jinja2.Template(config.plot_template or TEMPLATE).render(
default_fmt=default_fmt,
dest_dir=dest_dir_link,
build_dir=build_dir_link,
source_link=src_link,
multi_image=len(images) > 1,
options=opts,
images=images,
source_code=source_code,
html_show_formats=config.plot_html_show_formats and len(images),
caption=caption)
total_lines.extend(result.split("\n"))
total_lines.extend("\n")
if total_lines:
state_machine.insert_input(total_lines, source=source_file_name)
# copy image files to builder's output directory, if necessary
Path(dest_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
for code_piece, images in results:
for img in images:
for fn in img.filenames():
destimg = os.path.join(dest_dir, os.path.basename(fn))
if fn != destimg:
shutil.copyfile(fn, destimg)
# copy script (if necessary)
Path(dest_dir, output_base + source_ext).write_text(
unescape_doctest(code) if source_file_name == rst_file else code,
encoding='utf-8')
return errors