@@ -1942,3 +1942,29 @@ be used in new code.
 .. c:function:: void PyThread_delete_key_value(int key)
 .. c:function:: void PyThread_ReInitTLS()
 
+Synchronization Primitives
+==========================
+
+The C-API provides a basic mutual exclusion lock.
+
+.. c:type:: PyMutex
+
+   A mutual exclusion lock.  The ``PyMutex`` should be initialized to zero to
+   represent the unlocked state.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.13
+
+.. c:function:: void PyMutex_Lock(PyMutex *m)
+
+   Lock the mutex.  If another thread has already locked it, the calling
+   thread will block until the mutex is unlocked.  While blocked, the thread
+   will temporarily release the :term:`GIL` if it is held.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.13
+
+.. c:function:: void PyMutex_Unlock(PyMutex *m)
+
+   Unlock the mutex. The mutex must be locked --- otherwise, the function will
+   issue a fatal error.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.13
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
 #include "pybuffer.h"
 #include "pystats.h"
 #include "pyatomic.h"
+#include "lock.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "objimpl.h"
 #include "typeslots.h"
 
@@ -13,79 +13,17 @@ extern "C" {
 #  error "this header requires Py_BUILD_CORE define"
 #endif
 
-
-// A mutex that occupies one byte. The lock can be zero initialized.
-//
-// Only the two least significant bits are used. The remaining bits should be
-// zero:
-// 0b00: unlocked
-// 0b01: locked
-// 0b10: unlocked and has parked threads
-// 0b11: locked and has parked threads
-//
-// Typical initialization:
-//   PyMutex m = (PyMutex){0};
-//
-// Or initialize as global variables:
-//   static PyMutex m;
-//
-// Typical usage:
-//   PyMutex_Lock(&m);
-//   ...
-//   PyMutex_Unlock(&m);
-
-// NOTE: In Py_GIL_DISABLED builds, `struct _PyMutex` is defined in Include/object.h.
-// The Py_GIL_DISABLED builds need the definition in Include/object.h for the
-// `ob_mutex` field in PyObject. For the default (non-free-threaded) build,
-// we define the struct here to avoid exposing it in the public API.
-#ifndef Py_GIL_DISABLED
-struct _PyMutex { uint8_t v; };
-#endif
-
-typedef struct _PyMutex PyMutex;
-
-#define _Py_UNLOCKED    0
-#define _Py_LOCKED      1
+// NOTE: _Py_UNLOCKED and _Py_LOCKED are defined as 0 and 1 
 #define _Py_HAS_PARKED  2
 #define _Py_ONCE_INITIALIZED 4
 
-// (private) slow path for locking the mutex
-PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyMutex_LockSlow(PyMutex *m);
-
-// (private) slow path for unlocking the mutex
-PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyMutex_UnlockSlow(PyMutex *m);
-
 static inline int
 PyMutex_LockFast(uint8_t *lock_bits)
 {
     uint8_t expected = _Py_UNLOCKED;
     return _Py_atomic_compare_exchange_uint8(lock_bits, &expected, _Py_LOCKED);
 }
 
-// Locks the mutex.
-//
-// If the mutex is currently locked, the calling thread will be parked until
-// the mutex is unlocked. If the current thread holds the GIL, then the GIL
-// will be released while the thread is parked.
-static inline void
-PyMutex_Lock(PyMutex *m)
-{
-    uint8_t expected = _Py_UNLOCKED;
-    if (!_Py_atomic_compare_exchange_uint8(&m->v, &expected, _Py_LOCKED)) {
-        _PyMutex_LockSlow(m);
-    }
-}
-
-// Unlocks the mutex.
-static inline void
-PyMutex_Unlock(PyMutex *m)
-{
-    uint8_t expected = _Py_LOCKED;
-    if (!_Py_atomic_compare_exchange_uint8(&m->v, &expected, _Py_UNLOCKED)) {
-        _PyMutex_UnlockSlow(m);
-    }
-}
-
 // Checks if the mutex is currently locked.
 static inline int
 PyMutex_IsLocked(PyMutex *m)
 
@@ -207,10 +207,6 @@ struct _object {
 // Create a shared field from a refcnt and desired flags
 #define _Py_REF_SHARED(refcnt, flags) (((refcnt) << _Py_REF_SHARED_SHIFT) + (flags))
 
-// NOTE: In non-free-threaded builds, `struct _PyMutex` is defined in
-// pycore_lock.h. See pycore_lock.h for more details.
-struct _PyMutex { uint8_t v; };
-
 struct _object {
     // ob_tid stores the thread id (or zero). It is also used by the GC and the
     // trashcan mechanism as a linked list pointer and by the GC to store the