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‎cpp/README.md‎

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1. [valarray](valarray.cpp)
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1. [deque](deque.cpp)
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1. [string](string.cpp)
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1. IO
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1. [sstream](sstream.cpp)
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1. [iostream](iostream.cpp)
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1. [thread](thread.cpp)
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1. [sleep_for](sleep_for.cpp)
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1. [atomic](atomic.cpp)

‎cpp/iostream.cpp‎

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#include "common.hpp"
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int main() {
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/*
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# cout
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stdout.
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`ostream` object.
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For tests, std::stringstream shall be used as the results can then be tested,
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and the behaviour is identical to cout.
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`<<` is very magic. You need to understand:
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- operator overload
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- function template argument deduction
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- namespaces adl
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before really understanding why it works.
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# cerr
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Cout for stderr
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# clog
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By default also points to stderr, but can be redirected with TODO.
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*/
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{
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std::cout << "cout" << std::endl;
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std::cerr << "cerr" << std::endl;
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std::clog << "clog" << std::endl;
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}
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/*
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# cin
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# stdin
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`istream` object.
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Avoid using it for similar reasons as scanf:
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- hard to handle invalid inputs
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- difficult to predict behaviour
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getline is the best option.
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*/
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{
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//std::cout << "Enter an integer:" << endl;
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//std::cin >> i;
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//std::cout << i << std::endl;
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}
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// This is how a very explicit usage of `<<` would look like
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{
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std::stringstream ss;
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//TODO0 how to get his working?
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//std::operator<<<std::ostream,std::string>(ss, "explicit");
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std::operator<<(std::operator<<(ss, "explicit "), "call");
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}
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/*
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# cout unsigned char
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Prints literal bytes.
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http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19562103/uint8-t-cant-be-printed-with-cout/19562163#19562163
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*/
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{
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std::cout << (unsigned char)1 << std::endl;
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std::cout << (char)1 << std::endl;
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std::cout << (signed char)1 << std::endl;
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std::cout << (int)1 << std::endl;
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std::cout << (unsigned int)1 << std::endl;
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}
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}

‎cpp/main.cpp‎

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*/
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{
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/*
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# cout
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stdout.
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`ostream` object.
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For tests, std::stringstream shall be used as the results can then be tested,
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and the behaviour is identical to cout.
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`<<` is very magic. You need to understand:
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- operator overload
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- function template argument deduction
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- namespaces adl
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before really understanding why it works.
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# cerr
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Cout for stderr
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# clog
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By default also points to stderr, but can be redirected with TODO.
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*/
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{
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std::cout << "cout" << std::endl;
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std::cerr << "cerr" << std::endl;
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std::clog << "clog" << std::endl;
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}
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/*
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# cin
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# stdin
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`istream` object.
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Avoid using it for similar reasons as scanf:
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- hard to handle invalid inputs
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- difficult to predict behaviour
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getline is the best option.
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*/
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{
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//std::cout << "Enter an integer:" << endl;
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//std::cin >> i;
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//std::cout << i << std::endl;
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}
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// This is how a very explicit usage of `<<` would look like
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{
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std::stringstream ss;
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//TODO0 how to get his working?
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//std::operator<<<std::ostream,std::string>(ss, "explicit");
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std::operator<<(std::operator<<(ss, "explicit "), "call");
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}
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// #<< left shift overload
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{

‎cpp/sstream.cpp‎

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#include "common.hpp"
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int main() {
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/*
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# stringstream
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# basic_stringstream
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http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/basic_stringstream
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An iostream String backed implementation.
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The following is defined:
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typedef basic_stringstream<char> stringstream;
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Very useful to test streams without creating files / stdin.
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# ostringstream
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TODO vs stringstream.
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http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3292107/whats-the-difference-between-istringstream-ostringstream-and-stringstream-w
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*/
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{
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// Initialize
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{
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{
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std::stringstream ss("");
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ss << "ab";
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ss << "cd";
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assert(ss.str() == "abcd");
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}
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// empty constructor: TODO everything fails to compile. Why?
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{
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std::stringstream ss();
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//ss << "ab";
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//ss << "cd";
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//assert(ss.str() == "abcd");
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}
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// Nope, works like a file that has come content.
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// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3840531/what-is-the-purpose-of-ostringstreams-string-constructor
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{
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std::stringstream ss("ab");
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ss << "cd";
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assert(ss.str() == "cd");
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}
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// ostringstream + ate
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{
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std::ostringstream ss("ab", std::ios::ate);
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ss << "cd";
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assert(ss.str() == "abcd");
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}
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// stringstream + ate: TODO fails, why?
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{
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std::stringstream ss("ab", std::ios::ate);
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ss << "cd";
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assert(ss.str() == "ab");
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}
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}
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// Clear
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{
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std::stringstream ss("");
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// Clear stringstream
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// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20731/in-c-how-do-you-clear-a-stringstream-variable
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ss.str("");
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// Clear flags. Very important, not only for error indicators but also for end of stream.
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ss.clear();
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assert(ss.str() == "");
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// ERROR: use of deleted function because the constructor is =delete.
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//ss = std::stringstream();
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}
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}
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}

‎cpp/string.cpp‎

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}
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}
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/*
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# stringstream
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# basic_stringstream
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An iostream String backed implementation.
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The following is defined:
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typedef basic_stringstream<char> stringstream;
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typedef basic_stringstream<char>
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Very useful to test streams without creating files / stdin.
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*/
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{
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std::stringstream oss("abcd");
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// str does not clear the std::stringstream object
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assert(oss.str() == "abcd");
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// To clear it you could do: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20731/in-c-how-do-you-clear-a-stringstream-variable
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// Set to empty:
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oss.str("");
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// Clear flags. Very important, not only for error indicators but also for end of stream.
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oss.clear();
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assert(oss.str() == "");
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// ERROR: use of deleted function because the constructor is =delete.
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//oss = std::stringstream();
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}
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// Possible application: build up a huge string step by step.
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// May be more efficient than concatenations which always generates new objects.
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{
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There are a few standard alternatives.
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<http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5590381/easiest-way-to-convert-int-to-string-in-c>
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http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5590381/easiest-way-to-convert-int-to-string-in-c
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*/
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{
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/*
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}
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}
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// #int to string
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// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7663709/convert-string-to-int-c
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/*
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# string to int
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http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7663709/convert-string-to-int-c
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*/
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{
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// Best C++11 error checking option: stoi
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#if __cplusplus >= 201103L

‎sdl/README.md‎

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1. [Animation](animation.c)
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1. [Animation user control](animation_user_control.c)
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1. [Animation user control discrete](animation_user_control_discrete.c)
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1. [Two player discrete](two_player_discrete.c)
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1. [Animation random walk](animation_random_walk.c)
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1. [Plane wave](plane_wave.c)
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1. [TTF](ttf.c)

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