/*
 * Copyright (C) 2015-2021 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY APPLE INC. ``AS IS'' AND ANY
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE INC. OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
 * OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include "config.h"
#include "AbstractModuleRecord.h"

#include "CyclicModuleRecord.h"
#include "Error.h"
#include "JSCInlines.h"
#include "JSInternalFieldObjectImplInlines.h"
#include "JSMapInlines.h"
#include "JSModuleEnvironment.h"
#include "JSModuleLoader.h"
#include "JSModuleNamespaceObject.h"
#include "JSModuleRecord.h"
#include "JSPromise.h"
#include "SyntheticModuleRecord.h"
#include "VMTrapsInlines.h"
#include "WebAssemblyModuleRecord.h"
#include <wtf/text/MakeString.h>

namespace JSC {
namespace AbstractModuleRecordInternal {
static constexpr bool verbose = false;
} // namespace AbstractModuleRecordInternal

const ClassInfo AbstractModuleRecord::s_info = { "AbstractModuleRecord"_s, &Base::s_info, nullptr, nullptr, CREATE_METHOD_TABLE(AbstractModuleRecord) };

AbstractModuleRecord::AsyncEvaluationOrder::AsyncEvaluationOrder(int64_t order)
    : m_order(order)
{
}

int64_t AbstractModuleRecord::AsyncEvaluationOrder::order() const
{
    ASSERT(hasOrder());
    return m_order;
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::AsyncEvaluationOrder::order(int64_t order) -> AsyncEvaluationOrder&
{
    ASSERT(order >= 0);
    m_order = order;
    return *this;
}

AbstractModuleRecord::AbstractModuleRecord(VM& vm, Structure* structure, Identifier moduleKey, SourceProviderSourceType sourceType)
    : Base(vm, structure)
    , m_moduleKey(WTF::move(moduleKey))
    , m_sourceType(sourceType)
{
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::finishCreation(JSGlobalObject*, VM& vm)
{
    Base::finishCreation(vm);
    ASSERT(inherits(info()));

    auto values = initialValues();
    ASSERT(values.size() == numberOfInternalFields);
    for (unsigned index = 0; index < values.size(); ++index)
        Base::internalField(index).set(vm, this, values[index]);
}

template<typename Visitor>
void AbstractModuleRecord::visitChildrenImpl(JSCell* cell, Visitor& visitor)
{
    AbstractModuleRecord* thisObject = uncheckedDowncast<AbstractModuleRecord>(cell);
    ASSERT_GC_OBJECT_INHERITS(thisObject, info());
    Base::visitChildren(thisObject, visitor);
    visitor.append(thisObject->m_moduleEnvironment);
    visitor.append(thisObject->m_moduleNamespaceObject);
    visitor.append(thisObject->m_deferredNamespaceObject);
    visitor.append(thisObject->m_cycleRoot);
    visitor.append(thisObject->m_topLevelCapability);
    visitor.append(thisObject->m_asyncCapability);
    Locker locker { thisObject->cellLock() };
    visitor.append(thisObject->m_asyncParentModules.begin(), thisObject->m_asyncParentModules.end());
    for (const auto& [key, loadedModule] : thisObject->m_loadedModules)
        visitor.append(loadedModule.m_module);
}

DEFINE_VISIT_CHILDREN(AbstractModuleRecord);

ScriptFetchParameters::Type AbstractModuleRecord::ModuleRequest::type(ScriptFetchParameters::Type fallback) const
{
    if (m_attributes)
        return m_attributes->type();
    return fallback;
}

AbstractModuleRecord::LoadedModuleRequest::LoadedModuleRequest(VM& vm, ModuleRequest moduleRequest, AbstractModuleRecord* loadedModule, JSCell* owner)
    : ModuleRequest(WTF::move(moduleRequest))
    , m_module(vm, owner, loadedModule)
{
}

bool AbstractModuleRecord::ModuleRequest::operator==(const ModuleRequest& other) const
{
    if (this == &other)
        return true;

    if (m_specifier != other.m_specifier)
        return false;

    if (!!m_attributes != !!other.m_attributes)
        return false;

    if (m_attributes)
        return m_attributes->type() == other.m_attributes->type();

    return true;
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::appendRequestedModule(const Identifier& moduleName, RefPtr<ScriptFetchParameters>&& attributes, ModulePhase phase)
{
    m_requestedModules.append({ moduleName, WTF::move(attributes), phase });
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::addStarExportEntry(const Identifier& moduleName, ScriptFetchParameters::Type moduleRequestType)
{
    m_starExportEntries.add({ moduleName.impl(), moduleRequestType });
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::addImportEntry(const ImportEntry& entry)
{
    bool isNewEntry = m_importEntries.add(entry.localName.impl(), entry).isNewEntry;
    ASSERT_UNUSED(isNewEntry, isNewEntry); // This is guaranteed by the parser.
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::addExportEntry(const ExportEntry& entry)
{
    bool isNewEntry = m_exportEntries.add(entry.exportName.impl(), entry).isNewEntry;
    ASSERT_UNUSED(isNewEntry, isNewEntry); // This is guaranteed by the parser.
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::tryGetImportEntry(UniquedStringImpl* localName) -> std::optional<ImportEntry>
{
    const auto iterator = m_importEntries.find(localName);
    if (iterator == m_importEntries.end())
        return std::nullopt;
    return std::optional<ImportEntry>(iterator->value);
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::tryGetExportEntry(UniquedStringImpl* exportName) -> std::optional<ExportEntry>
{
    const auto iterator = m_exportEntries.find(exportName);
    if (iterator == m_exportEntries.end())
        return std::nullopt;
    return std::optional<ExportEntry>(iterator->value);
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::ExportEntry::createLocal(const Identifier& exportName, const Identifier& localName) -> ExportEntry
{
    return ExportEntry { Type::Local, ScriptFetchParameters::Type::JavaScript, exportName, Identifier(), Identifier(), localName };
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::ExportEntry::createIndirect(const Identifier& exportName, const Identifier& importName, const Identifier& moduleName, ScriptFetchParameters::Type moduleRequestType) -> ExportEntry
{
    return ExportEntry { Type::Indirect, moduleRequestType, exportName, moduleName, importName, Identifier() };
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::ExportEntry::createNamespace(const Identifier& exportName, const Identifier& moduleName, ScriptFetchParameters::Type moduleRequestType) -> ExportEntry
{
    return ExportEntry { Type::Namespace, moduleRequestType, exportName, moduleName, Identifier(), Identifier() };
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::Resolution::notFound() -> Resolution
{
    return Resolution { Type::NotFound, nullptr, Identifier() };
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::Resolution::error() -> Resolution
{
    return Resolution { Type::Error, nullptr, Identifier() };
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::Resolution::ambiguous() -> Resolution
{
    return Resolution { Type::Ambiguous, nullptr, Identifier() };
}

AbstractModuleRecord* AbstractModuleRecord::hostResolveImportedModule(JSGlobalObject*, const Identifier& moduleName, ScriptFetchParameters::Type moduleRequestType)
{
    if (auto iter = m_loadedModules.find(ModuleMapKey { moduleName.impl(), moduleRequestType }); iter != m_loadedModules.end())
        return iter->value.m_module.get();
    return nullptr;
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::resolveImport(JSGlobalObject* globalObject, const Identifier& localName) -> Resolution
{
    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
    auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);

    std::optional<ImportEntry> optionalImportEntry = tryGetImportEntry(localName.impl());
    if (!optionalImportEntry)
        return Resolution::notFound();

    const ImportEntry& importEntry = *optionalImportEntry;
    if (importEntry.type == AbstractModuleRecord::ImportEntryType::Namespace)
        return Resolution::notFound();

    AbstractModuleRecord* importedModule = hostResolveImportedModule(globalObject, importEntry.moduleRequest, importEntry.moduleRequestType);
    RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, Resolution::error());

    RELEASE_AND_RETURN(scope, importedModule->resolveExport(globalObject, importEntry.importName));
}

struct AbstractModuleRecord::ResolveQuery {
    struct Hash {
        static unsigned hash(const ResolveQuery&);
        static bool equal(const ResolveQuery&, const ResolveQuery&);
        static constexpr bool safeToCompareToEmptyOrDeleted = true;
    };
    using HashTraits = WTF::CustomHashTraits<ResolveQuery>;

    ResolveQuery(AbstractModuleRecord* moduleRecord, UniquedStringImpl* exportName)
        : moduleRecord(moduleRecord)
        , exportName(exportName)
    {
    }

    ResolveQuery(AbstractModuleRecord* moduleRecord, const Identifier& exportName)
        : ResolveQuery(moduleRecord, exportName.impl())
    {
    }

    enum EmptyValueTag { EmptyValue };
    ResolveQuery(EmptyValueTag)
    {
    }

    enum DeletedValueTag { DeletedValue };
    ResolveQuery(DeletedValueTag)
        : moduleRecord(nullptr)
        , exportName(WTF::HashTableDeletedValue)
    {
    }

    bool LEGACY_NODELETE isEmptyValue() const
    {
        return !exportName;
    }

    bool LEGACY_NODELETE isDeletedValue() const
    {
        return exportName.isHashTableDeletedValue();
    }

    void dump(PrintStream& out) const
    {
        if (!moduleRecord) {
            out.print("<empty>");
            return;
        }
        out.print(moduleRecord->moduleKey(), " \"", exportName.get(), "\"");
    }

    // The module record is not marked from the GC. But these records are reachable from the JSGlobalObject.
    // So we don't care the reachability to this record.
    AbstractModuleRecord* moduleRecord;
    RefPtr<UniquedStringImpl> exportName;
};

inline unsigned LEGACY_NODELETE AbstractModuleRecord::ResolveQuery::Hash::hash(const ResolveQuery& query)
{
    return WTF::PtrHash<AbstractModuleRecord*>::hash(query.moduleRecord) + IdentifierRepHash::hash(query.exportName);
}

inline bool LEGACY_NODELETE AbstractModuleRecord::ResolveQuery::Hash::equal(const ResolveQuery& lhs, const ResolveQuery& rhs)
{
    return lhs.moduleRecord == rhs.moduleRecord && lhs.exportName == rhs.exportName;
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::tryGetCachedResolution(UniquedStringImpl* exportName) -> std::optional<Resolution>
{
    const auto iterator = m_resolutionCache.find(exportName);
    if (iterator == m_resolutionCache.end())
        return std::nullopt;
    return std::optional<Resolution>(iterator->value);
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::cacheResolution(UniquedStringImpl* exportName, const Resolution& resolution)
{
    m_resolutionCache.add(exportName, resolution);
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::resolveExportImpl(JSGlobalObject* globalObject, const ResolveQuery& root) -> Resolution
{
    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
    auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);

    if (AbstractModuleRecordInternal::verbose)
        dataLog("Resolving ", root, "\n");

    // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-resolveexport

    // How to avoid C++ recursion in this function:
    // This function avoids C++ recursion of the naive ResolveExport implementation.
    // Flatten the recursion to the loop with the task queue and frames.
    //
    // 1. pendingTasks
    //     We enqueue the recursive resolveExport call to this queue to avoid recursive calls in C++.
    //     The task has 3 types. (1) Query, (2) IndirectFallback and (3) GatherStars.
    //     (1) Query
    //         Querying the resolution to the current module.
    //     (2) IndirectFallback
    //         Examine the result of the indirect export resolution. Only when the indirect export resolution fails,
    //         we look into the star exports. (step 5-a-vi).
    //     (3) GatherStars
    //         Examine the result of the star export resolutions.
    //
    // 2. frames
    //     When the spec calls the resolveExport recursively, instead we append the frame
    //     (that holds the result resolution) to the frames and enqueue the task to the pendingTasks.
    //     The entry in the frames means the *local* resolution result of the specific recursive resolveExport.
    //
    // We should maintain the local resolution result instead of holding the global resolution result only.
    // For example,
    //
    //     star
    // (1) ---> (2) "Resolve"
    //      |
    //      |
    //      +-> (3) "NotFound"
    //      |
    //      |       star
    //      +-> (4) ---> (5) "Resolve" [here]
    //               |
    //               |
    //               +-> (6) "Error"
    //
    // Consider the above graph. The numbers represents the modules. Now we are [here].
    // If we only hold the global resolution result during the resolveExport operation, [here],
    // we decide the entire result of resolveExport is "Ambiguous", because there are multiple
    // "Resolve" (in module (2) and (5)). However, this should become "Error" because (6) will
    // propagate "Error" state to the (4), (4) will become "Error" and then, (1) will become
    // "Error". We should aggregate the results at the star exports point ((4) and (1)).
    //
    // Usually, both "Error" and "Ambiguous" states will throw the syntax error. So except for the content of the
    // error message, there are no difference. (And if we fix the (6) that raises "Error", next, it will produce
    // the "Ambiguous" error due to (5). Anyway, user need to fix the both. So which error should be raised at first
    // doesn't matter so much.
    //
    // However, this may become the problem under the module namespace creation.
    // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-getmodulenamespace
    // section 15.2.1.18, step 3-d-ii
    // Here, we distinguish "Ambiguous" and "Error". When "Error" state is produced, we need to throw the propagated error.
    // But if "Ambiguous" state comes, we just ignore the result.
    // To follow the requirement strictly, in this implementation, we keep the local resolution result to produce the
    // correct result under the above complex cases.

    // Caching strategy:
    // The resolveExport operation is frequently called. So caching results is important.
    // We observe the following aspects and based on them construct the caching strategy.
    // Here, we attempt to cache the resolution by constructing the map in module records.
    // That means  Module -> ExportName -> Maybe<Resolution>.
    // Technically, all the AbstractModuleRecords have the Map<ExportName, Resolution> for caching.
    //
    // The important observations are that,
    //
    //  - *cacheable* means that traversing to this node from a path will produce the same results as starting from this node.
    //
    //    Here, we define the resovling route. We represent [?] as the module that has the local binding.
    //    And (?) as the module without the local binding.
    //
    //      @ -> (A) -> (B) -> [C]
    //
    //    We list the resolving route for each node.
    //
    //    (A): (A) -> (B) -> [C]
    //    (B): (B) -> [C]
    //    [C]: [C]
    //
    //    In this case, if we start the tracing from (B), the resolving route becomes (B) -> [C].
    //    So this is the same. At that time, we can say (B) is cacheable in the first tracing.
    //
    //  - The cache ability of a node depends on the resolving route from this node.
    //
    // 1. The starting point is always cacheable.
    //
    // 2. A module that has resolved a local binding is always cacheable.
    //
    //  @ -> (A) -> [B]
    //
    //  In the above case, we can see the [B] as cacheable.
    //  This is because when starting from [B] node, we immediately resolve with the local binding.
    //  So the resolving route from [B] does not depend on the starting point.
    //
    // 3. If we don't follow any star links during the resolution, we can see all the traced nodes are cacheable.
    //
    //  If there are non star links, it means that there is *no branch* in the module dependency graph.
    //  This *no branch* feature makes all the modules cachable.
    //
    //  I.e, if we traverse one star link (even if we successfully resolve that star link),
    //  we must still traverse all other star links. I would also explain we don't run into
    //  this when resolving a local/indirect link. When resolving a local/indirect link,
    //  we won't traverse any star links.
    //  And since the module can hold only one local/indirect link for the specific export name (if there
    //  are multiple local/indirect links that has the same export name, it should be syntax error in the
    //  parsing phase.), there is no multiple outgoing links from a module.
    //
    //  @ -> (A) --> (B) -> [C] -> (D) -> (E) -+
    //                ^                        |
    //                |                        |
    //                +------------------------+
    //
    //  When starting from @, [C] will be found as the module resolving the given binding.
    //  In this case, (B) can cache this resolution. Since the resolving route is the same to the one when
    //  starting from (B). After caching the above result, we attempt to resolve the same binding from (D).
    //
    //                              @
    //                              |
    //                              v
    //  @ -> (A) --> (B) -> [C] -> (D) -> (E) -+
    //                ^                        |
    //                |                        |
    //                +------------------------+
    //
    //  In this case, we can use the (B)'s cached result. And (E) can be cached.
    //
    //    (E): The resolving route is now (E) -> (B) -> [C]. That is the same when starting from (E).
    //
    //  No branching makes that the problematic *once-visited* node cannot be seen.
    //  The *once-visited* node makes the resolving route changed since when we see the *once-visited* node,
    //  we stop tracing this.
    //
    //  If there is no star links and if we look *once-visited* node under no branching graph, *once-visited*
    //  node cannot resolve the requested binding. If the *once-visited* node can resolve the binding, we
    //  should have already finished the resolution before reaching this *once-visited* node.
    //
    // 4. Once we follow star links, we should not retrieve the result from the cache and should not cache.
    //
    //  Star links are only the way to introduce branch.
    //  Once we follow the star links during the resolution, we cannot cache naively.
    //  This is because the cacheability depends on the resolving route. And branching produces the problematic *once-visited*
    //  nodes. Since we don't follow the *once-visited* node, the resolving route from the node becomes different from
    //  the resolving route when starting from this node.
    //
    //  The following example explains when we should not retrieve the cache and cache the result.
    //
    //               +----> (D) ------+
    //               |                |
    //               |                v
    //      (A) *----+----> (B) ---> [C]
    //                       ^
    //                       |
    //                       @
    //
    //  When starting from (B), we find [C]. In this resolving route, we don't find any star link.
    //  And by definition, (B) and [C] are cachable. (B) is the starting point. And [C] has the local binding.
    //
    //               +----> (D) ------+
    //               |                |
    //               |                v
    //  @-> (A) *----+----> (B) ---> [C]
    //
    //  But when starting from (A), we should not get the value from the cache. Because,
    //
    //    1. When looking (D), we reach [C] and make both resolved.
    //    2. When looking (B), if we retrieved the last cache from (B), (B) becomes resolved.
    //    3. But actually, (B) is not-found in this trial because (C) is already *once-visited*.
    //    4. If we accidentally make (B) resolved, (A) becomes ambiguous. But the correct answer is resolved.
    //
    //  Why is this problem caused? This is because the *once-visited* node makes the result not-found.
    //  In the second trial, (B) -> [C] result is changed from resolved to not-found.
    //
    //  When does this become a problem? If the status of the *once-visited* node group is resolved,
    //  changing the result to not-found makes the result changed.
    //
    //  This problem does not happen when we don't see any star link yet. Now, consider the minimum case.
    //
    //  @-> (A) -> [ some graph ]
    //       ^            |
    //       |            |
    //       +------------+
    //
    //  In (A), we don't see any star link yet. So we can say that all the visited nodes does not have any local
    //  resolution. Because if they had a local/indirect resolution, we should have already finished the tracing.
    //
    //  And even if the some graph will see the *once-visited* node (in this case, (A)), that does not affect the
    //  result of the resolution. Because even if we follow the link to (A) or not follow the link to (A), the status
    //  of the link is always not-found since (A) does not have any local resolution.
    //  In the above case, we can use the result of the [some graph].
    //
    // 5. Once we see star links, even if we have not yet traversed that star link path, we should disable caching.
    //
    //  Here is the reason why:
    //
    //       +-------------+
    //       |             |
    //       v             |
    //      (A) -> (B) -> (C) *-> [E]
    //       *             ^
    //       |             |
    //       v             @
    //      [D]
    //
    //  In the above case, (C) will be resolved with [D].
    //  (C) will see (A) and (A) gives up in (A) -> (B) -> (C) route. So, (A) will fallback to [D].
    //
    //       +-------------+
    //       |             |
    //       v             |
    //  @-> (A) -> (B) -> (C) *-> [E]
    //       *
    //       |
    //       v
    //      [D]
    //
    //  But in this case, (A) will be resolved with [E] (not [D]).
    //  (C) will attempt to follow the link to (A), but it fails.
    //  So (C) will fallback to the star link and found [E]. In this senario,
    //  (C) is now resolved with [E]'s result.
    //
    //  The cause of this problem is also the same to 4.
    //  In the latter case, when looking (C), we cannot use the cached result in (C).
    //  Because the cached result of (C) depends on the *once-visited* node (A) and
    //  (A) has the fallback system with the star link.
    //  In the latter trial, we now assume that (A)'s status is not-found.
    //  But, actually, in the former trial, (A)'s status becomes resolved due to the fallback to the [D].
    //
    // To summarize the observations.
    //
    //  1. The starting point is always cacheable.
    //  2. A module that has resolved a local binding is always cacheable. But since they are in exportEntries, we do not need a cache.
    //  3. If we don't follow any star links during the resolution, we can see all the traced nodes are cacheable.
    //  4. Once we follow star links, we should not retrieve the result from the cache and should not cache the result.
    //  5. Once we see star links, even if we have not yet traversed that star link path, we should disable caching.

    using ResolveSet = WTF::UncheckedKeyHashSet<ResolveQuery, ResolveQuery::Hash, ResolveQuery::HashTraits>;
    enum class Type { Query, IndirectFallback, GatherStars };
    struct Task {
        ResolveQuery query;
        Type type;
    };

    auto typeString = [] (Type type) -> const char* {
        switch (type) {
        case Type::Query:
            return "Query";
        case Type::IndirectFallback:
            return "IndirectFallback";
        case Type::GatherStars:
            return "GatherStars";
        }
        RELEASE_ASSERT_NOT_REACHED();
        return nullptr;
    };

    Vector<Task, 8> pendingTasks;
    ResolveSet resolveSet;

    Vector<Resolution, 8> frames;

    bool foundStarLinks = false;

    frames.append(Resolution::notFound());

    // Call when the query is not resolved in the current module.
    // It will enqueue the star resolution requests. Return "false" if the error occurs.
    auto resolveNonLocal = [&](const ResolveQuery& query) -> bool {
        // https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-resolveexport
        // section 15.2.1.16.3, step 6
        // If the "default" name is not resolved in the current module, we need to throw an error and stop resolution immediately,
        // Rationale to this error: A default export cannot be provided by an export *.
        VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
        auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);
        if (query.exportName == vm.propertyNames->defaultKeyword.impl())
            return false;

        // Enqueue the task to gather the results of the stars.
        // And append the new Resolution frame to gather the local result of the stars.
        pendingTasks.append(Task { query, Type::GatherStars });
        foundStarLinks = true;
        frames.append(Resolution::notFound());

        // Enqueue the tasks in reverse order.
        for (auto iterator = query.moduleRecord->starExportEntries().rbegin(), end = query.moduleRecord->starExportEntries().rend(); iterator != end; ++iterator) {
            const auto& [starModuleName, starModuleRequestType] = *iterator;
            AbstractModuleRecord* importedModuleRecord = query.moduleRecord->hostResolveImportedModule(globalObject, Identifier::fromUid(vm, starModuleName.get()), starModuleRequestType);
            RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, false);
            pendingTasks.append(Task { ResolveQuery(importedModuleRecord, query.exportName.get()), Type::Query });
        }
        return true;
    };

    // Return the current resolution value of the top frame.
    auto currentTop = [&] () -> Resolution& {
        ASSERT(!frames.isEmpty());
        return frames.last();
    };

    // Merge the given resolution to the current resolution value of the top frame.
    // If there is ambiguity, return "false". When the "false" is returned, we should make the result "ambiguous".
    auto mergeToCurrentTop = [&] (const Resolution& resolution) -> bool {
        if (resolution.type == Resolution::Type::NotFound)
            return true;

        if (currentTop().type == Resolution::Type::NotFound) {
            currentTop() = resolution;
            return true;
        }

        return currentTop().isSameBinding(resolution);
    };

    auto cacheResolutionForQuery = [] (const ResolveQuery& query, const Resolution& resolution) {
        ASSERT(resolution.type == Resolution::Type::Resolved);
        query.moduleRecord->cacheResolution(query.exportName.get(), resolution);
    };

    pendingTasks.append(Task { root, Type::Query });
    while (!pendingTasks.isEmpty()) {
        const Task task = pendingTasks.takeLast();
        const ResolveQuery& query = task.query;

        if (AbstractModuleRecordInternal::verbose)
            dataLog("    ", typeString(task.type), " ", task.query, "\n");

        switch (task.type) {
        case Type::Query: {
            AbstractModuleRecord* moduleRecord = query.moduleRecord;

            if (!resolveSet.add(task.query).isNewEntry)
                continue;

            //  5. Once we see star links, even if we have not yet traversed that star link path, we should disable caching.
            if (!moduleRecord->starExportEntries().isEmpty())
                foundStarLinks = true;

            const std::optional<ExportEntry> optionalExportEntry = moduleRecord->tryGetExportEntry(query.exportName.get());
            if (!optionalExportEntry) {
                // If there is no matched exported binding in the current module, we need to look
                // into the stars. We don't probe m_resolutionCache here: the only writer that can
                // populate (moduleRecord, exportName) while exportEntries has no match for exportName
                // is the root-cache write (rule #1), which only fires when star traversal produced
                // Resolved - which in turn requires moduleRecord to have non-empty starExportEntries.
                // starExportEntries is immutable after parse, so by the time we reach this point
                // foundStarLinks is already true (set above) whenever a cached entry could exist -
                // making any probe here dead. The top-level resolveExport fast path still benefits
                // from the rule #1 cache write.
                bool success = resolveNonLocal(task.query);
                EXCEPTION_ASSERT(!scope.exception() || !success);
                if (!success)
                    return Resolution::error();
                continue;
            }

            const ExportEntry& exportEntry = *optionalExportEntry;
            switch (exportEntry.type) {
            case ExportEntry::Type::Local: {
                ASSERT(!exportEntry.localName.isNull());
                Resolution resolution { Resolution::Type::Resolved, moduleRecord, exportEntry.localName };
                if (!mergeToCurrentTop(resolution))
                    return Resolution::ambiguous();
                continue;
            }

            case ExportEntry::Type::Indirect: {
                //  4. Once we follow star links, we should not retrieve the result from the cache and should not cache the result.
                if (!foundStarLinks) {
                    if (std::optional<Resolution> cachedResolution = moduleRecord->tryGetCachedResolution(query.exportName.get())) {
                        if (!mergeToCurrentTop(*cachedResolution))
                            return Resolution::ambiguous();
                        continue;
                    }
                }

                AbstractModuleRecord* importedModuleRecord = moduleRecord->hostResolveImportedModule(globalObject, exportEntry.moduleName, exportEntry.moduleRequestType);
                RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, Resolution::error());

                // When the imported module does not produce any resolved binding, we need to look into the stars in the *current*
                // module. To do this, we append the `IndirectFallback` task to the task queue.
                pendingTasks.append(Task { query, Type::IndirectFallback });
                // And append the new Resolution frame to check the indirect export will be resolved or not.
                frames.append(Resolution::notFound());
                pendingTasks.append(Task { ResolveQuery(importedModuleRecord, exportEntry.importName), Type::Query });
                continue;
            }

            case ExportEntry::Type::Namespace: {
                AbstractModuleRecord* importedModuleRecord = moduleRecord->hostResolveImportedModule(globalObject, exportEntry.moduleName, exportEntry.moduleRequestType);
                RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, Resolution::error());
                Resolution resolution { Resolution::Type::Resolved, importedModuleRecord, vm.propertyNames->starNamespacePrivateName };
                if (!mergeToCurrentTop(resolution))
                    return Resolution::ambiguous();
                continue;
            }
            }
            break;
        }

        case Type::IndirectFallback: {
            Resolution resolution = frames.takeLast();

            if (resolution.type == Resolution::Type::NotFound) {
                // Indirect export entry does not produce any resolved binding.
                // So we will investigate the stars.
                bool success = resolveNonLocal(task.query);
                EXCEPTION_ASSERT(!scope.exception() || !success);
                if (!success)
                    return Resolution::error();
                continue;
            }

            ASSERT_WITH_MESSAGE(resolution.type == Resolution::Type::Resolved, "When we see Error and Ambiguous, we immediately return from this loop. So here, only Resolved comes.");

            //  3. If we don't follow any star links during the resolution, we can see all the traced nodes are cacheable.
            //  4. Once we follow star links, we should not retrieve the result from the cache and should not cache the result.
            if (!foundStarLinks)
                cacheResolutionForQuery(query, resolution);

            // If indirect export entry produces Resolved, we should merge it to the upper frame.
            // And do not investigate the stars of the current module.
            if (!mergeToCurrentTop(resolution))
                return Resolution::ambiguous();
            break;
        }

        case Type::GatherStars: {
            Resolution resolution = frames.takeLast();
            ASSERT_WITH_MESSAGE(resolution.type == Resolution::Type::Resolved || resolution.type == Resolution::Type::NotFound, "When we see Error and Ambiguous, we immediately return from this loop. So here, only Resolved and NotFound comes.");

            // Merge the star resolution to the upper frame.
            if (!mergeToCurrentTop(resolution))
                return Resolution::ambiguous();
            break;
        }
        }
    }

    ASSERT(frames.size() == 1);
    //  1. The starting point is always cacheable.
    if (frames[0].type == Resolution::Type::Resolved)
        cacheResolutionForQuery(root, frames[0]);
    return frames[0];
}

auto AbstractModuleRecord::resolveExport(JSGlobalObject* globalObject, const Identifier& exportName) -> Resolution
{
    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
    auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);

    // Local / Namespace exports are trivially derivable from m_exportEntries.
    // m_resolutionCache only holds results that actually amortise costly traversals, Indirect resolutions and star-resolved results.
    if (const auto optionalExportEntry = tryGetExportEntry(exportName.impl())) {
        const ExportEntry& entry = *optionalExportEntry;
        switch (entry.type) {
        case ExportEntry::Type::Local:
            ASSERT(!entry.localName.isNull());
            return Resolution { Resolution::Type::Resolved, this, entry.localName };
        case ExportEntry::Type::Namespace: {
            AbstractModuleRecord* importedModuleRecord = hostResolveImportedModule(globalObject, entry.moduleName, entry.moduleRequestType);
            RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, Resolution::error());
            return Resolution { Resolution::Type::Resolved, importedModuleRecord, vm.propertyNames->starNamespacePrivateName };
        }
        case ExportEntry::Type::Indirect:
            if (std::optional<Resolution> cachedResolution = tryGetCachedResolution(exportName.impl()))
                return *cachedResolution;
            break;
        }
    } else if (!starExportEntries().isEmpty()) {
        // When there is no matching export entry, cache can exist only when we found star-resolved results.
        // Thus, if there is no star export entries, cache never exists.
        if (std::optional<Resolution> cachedResolution = tryGetCachedResolution(exportName.impl()))
            return *cachedResolution;
    }

    RELEASE_AND_RETURN(scope, resolveExportImpl(globalObject, ResolveQuery(this, exportName.impl())));
}

JSModuleNamespaceObject* AbstractModuleRecord::getModuleNamespace(JSGlobalObject* globalObject, ModulePhase phase)
{
    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
    auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);

#if ASSERT_ENABLED
    if (auto* cyclic = dynamicDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(this))
        ASSERT(cyclic->status() != CyclicModuleRecord::Status::New && cyclic->status() != CyclicModuleRecord::Status::Unlinked);
#endif

    // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-getmodulenamespace
    if (phase == ModulePhase::Defer) {
        if (m_deferredNamespaceObject)
            return m_deferredNamespaceObject.get();
    } else if (m_moduleNamespaceObject)
        return m_moduleNamespaceObject.get();

    // Spec performs GetExportedNames() then per-name ResolveExport(), which walks the
    // star-export graph once per exported name (O(names * edges)). We instead walk the
    // graph once, recording each name's unique Local/Namespace binding. Any name with
    // exactly one such binding across the whole graph is provably Resolved (resolveSet
    // can only turn paths into null, and merge(Resolved, null) = Resolved). Names with
    // an Indirect entry, or with two distinct bindings, fall back to resolveExport().

    Resolutions uniqueBindings;
    IdentifierSet rootShadowedNames;
    IdentifierSet slowPathNames;
    Vector<std::pair<Identifier, Resolution>> resolutions;

    UncheckedKeyHashSet<AbstractModuleRecord*> exportStarSet;
    Vector<AbstractModuleRecord*, 8> pendingModules;
    pendingModules.append(this);

    while (!pendingModules.isEmpty()) {
        AbstractModuleRecord* moduleRecord = pendingModules.takeLast();
        if (!exportStarSet.add(moduleRecord).isNewEntry)
            continue;
        bool isRoot = moduleRecord == this;

        for (const auto& pair : moduleRecord->exportEntries()) {
            const ExportEntry& exportEntry = pair.value;
            SUPPRESS_UNCOUNTED_LOCAL auto* exportName = exportEntry.exportName.impl();
            // ResolveExport returns at root's own Local/Indirect/Namespace entry before
            // consulting star exports, so star-reachable bindings cannot affect those names.
            if (isRoot)
                rootShadowedNames.add(exportName);
            else {
                if (vm.propertyNames->defaultKeyword == exportEntry.exportName)
                    continue;
                // Both sets do not include exportName during the root iteration (root is always the first
                // module popped from pendingModules), so we only need to probe them for non-root.
                if (rootShadowedNames.contains(exportName))
                    continue;
                if (slowPathNames.contains(exportName))
                    continue;
            }

            Resolution candidate;
            switch (exportEntry.type) {
            case ExportEntry::Type::Local:
                candidate = { Resolution::Type::Resolved, moduleRecord, exportEntry.localName };
                break;
            case ExportEntry::Type::Namespace: {
                AbstractModuleRecord* importedModuleRecord = moduleRecord->hostResolveImportedModule(globalObject, exportEntry.moduleName, exportEntry.moduleRequestType);
                RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, nullptr);
                candidate = { Resolution::Type::Resolved, importedModuleRecord, vm.propertyNames->starNamespacePrivateName };
                break;
            }
            case ExportEntry::Type::Indirect:
                if (!isRoot)
                    uniqueBindings.remove(exportName);
                slowPathNames.add(exportName);
                continue;
            }

            if (isRoot) {
                // Root's own Local / Namespace are served by resolveExport's m_exportEntries
                // fast path, so they never need to sit in uniqueBindings or the cache. Emit
                // them directly so the cache-write loop below can skip the owned-name probe.
                resolutions.append({ Identifier::fromUid(vm, exportName), candidate });
                continue;
            }

            auto addResult = uniqueBindings.add(exportName, candidate);
            if (!addResult.isNewEntry && !addResult.iterator->value.isSameBinding(candidate)) {
                slowPathNames.add(exportName);
                uniqueBindings.remove(addResult.iterator);
            }
        }

        for (const auto& [starModuleName, starModuleRequestType] : moduleRecord->starExportEntries()) {
            AbstractModuleRecord* requestedModuleRecord = moduleRecord->hostResolveImportedModule(globalObject, Identifier::fromUid(vm, starModuleName.get()), starModuleRequestType);
            RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, nullptr);
            pendingModules.append(requestedModuleRecord);
        }
    }

    resolutions.reserveCapacity(resolutions.size() + uniqueBindings.size() + slowPathNames.size());
    for (auto& pair : uniqueBindings) {
        // Every entry here arrived via a star-export edge (root's own names were emitted
        // during the walk), so the cache is always useful.
        cacheResolution(pair.key.get(), pair.value);
        resolutions.append({ Identifier::fromUid(vm, pair.key.get()), pair.value });
    }

    for (auto& name : slowPathNames) {
        Identifier ident = Identifier::fromUid(vm, name.get());
        const Resolution resolution = resolveExport(globalObject, ident);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, nullptr);
        switch (resolution.type) {
        case Resolution::Type::NotFound:
            throwSyntaxError(globalObject, scope, makeString("Exported binding name '"_s, StringView(name.get()), "' is not found."_s));
            return nullptr;

        case Resolution::Type::Error:
            throwSyntaxError(globalObject, scope, "Exported binding name 'default' cannot be resolved by star export entries."_s);
            return nullptr;

        case Resolution::Type::Ambiguous:
            break;

        case Resolution::Type::Resolved:
            resolutions.append({ WTF::move(ident), resolution });
            break;
        }
    }

    auto* moduleNamespaceObject = JSModuleNamespaceObject::create(globalObject, globalObject->moduleNamespaceObjectStructure(), this, WTF::move(resolutions), phase == ModulePhase::Defer);
    RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, nullptr);

    if (phase == ModulePhase::Defer) {
        m_deferredNamespaceObject.set(vm, this, moduleNamespaceObject);
        return moduleNamespaceObject;
    }

    // Materialize *namespace* slot with module namespace object unless the module environment is not yet materialized, in which case we'll do it in setModuleEnvironment
    if (m_moduleEnvironment) {
        bool putResult = false;
        constexpr bool shouldThrowReadOnlyError = false;
        constexpr bool ignoreReadOnlyErrors = true;
        symbolTablePutTouchWatchpointSet(m_moduleEnvironment.get(), globalObject, vm.propertyNames->starNamespacePrivateName, moduleNamespaceObject, shouldThrowReadOnlyError, ignoreReadOnlyErrors, putResult);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, nullptr);
    }
    m_moduleNamespaceObject.set(vm, this, moduleNamespaceObject);

    return moduleNamespaceObject;
}

// https://tc39.es/proposal-defer-import-eval/#sec-GatherAsynchronousTransitiveDependencies
void AbstractModuleRecord::gatherAsynchronousTransitiveDependencies(OrderedHashSet<AbstractModuleRecord*>& result, UncheckedKeyHashSet<AbstractModuleRecord*>& seen)
{
    // The spec text is recursive; we use an explicit work list to avoid native stack overflow on
    // deep graphs. Children are pushed in reverse to preserve the spec's pre-order discovery order.
    Vector<AbstractModuleRecord*, 8> stack;
    stack.append(this);
    while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
        AbstractModuleRecord* module = stack.takeLast();
        // 3. If seen contains module, return result.
        // 4. Append module to seen.
        if (!seen.add(module).isNewEntry)
            continue;
        // 5. If module is not a Cyclic Module Record, return result.
        auto* cyclic = dynamicDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(module);
        if (!cyclic)
            continue;
        // 6. If module.[[Status]] is either EVALUATING or IsModuleSCCEvaluated(module), return result.
        if (cyclic->status() == CyclicModuleRecord::Status::Evaluating || cyclic->isSCCEvaluated())
            continue;
        // 7. If module.[[HasTLA]] is true, then
        if (cyclic->hasTLA()) {
            // 7.a. Append module to result.
            result.add(module);
            // 7.b. Return result.
            continue;
        }
        // 8. For each ModuleRequest Record request of module.[[RequestedModules]], do
        //   8.a. Let requiredModule be GetImportedModule(module, request).
        //   8.b. Let additionalModules be GatherAsynchronousTransitiveDependencies(requiredModule, seen).
        //   8.c. For each Module Record m of additionalModules, do
        //     8.c.i. If result does not contain m, then append m to result.
        for (auto& request : cyclic->requestedModules() | std::views::reverse)
            stack.append(JSModuleLoader::getImportedModule(cyclic, request));
    }
    // 9. Return result.
}

// https://tc39.es/proposal-defer-import-eval/#sec-ReadyForSyncExecution
bool AbstractModuleRecord::readyForSyncExecution()
{
    // The spec text is recursive; we use an explicit work list to avoid native stack overflow on deep graphs.
    UncheckedKeyHashSet<AbstractModuleRecord*> seen;
    Vector<AbstractModuleRecord*, 8> stack;
    stack.append(this);
    while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
        AbstractModuleRecord* module = stack.takeLast();
        // 1. If module is not a Cyclic Module Record, return true.
        auto* cyclic = dynamicDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(module);
        if (!cyclic)
            continue;
        // 3. If seen contains module, return true.
        // 4. Append module to seen.
        if (!seen.add(module).isNewEntry)
            continue;
        // 5. If IsModuleSCCEvaluated(module), return true.
        if (cyclic->isSCCEvaluated())
            continue;
        // 6. If module.[[Status]] is either EVALUATING or EVALUATING-ASYNC, return false.
        if (cyclic->status() == CyclicModuleRecord::Status::Evaluating || cyclic->status() == CyclicModuleRecord::Status::EvaluatingAsync)
            return false;
        // 7. Assert: module.[[Status]] is LINKED or EVALUATED.
        // EVALUATED is reachable for a module whose own body has run inside a cycle that is still
        // awaiting; the walk below then reaches its EVALUATING-ASYNC cycle root and returns false.
        // https://github.com/tc39/proposal-defer-import-eval/issues/86
        ASSERT(cyclic->status() == CyclicModuleRecord::Status::Linked || cyclic->status() == CyclicModuleRecord::Status::Evaluated);
        // 8. If module.[[HasTLA]] is true, return false.
        if (cyclic->hasTLA())
            return false;
        // 9. For each ModuleRequest Record request of module.[[RequestedModules]], do
        //   9.a. Let requiredModule be GetImportedModule(module, request).
        //   9.b. If ReadyForSyncExecution(requiredModule, seen) is false, return false.
        for (const ModuleRequest& request : cyclic->requestedModules())
            stack.append(JSModuleLoader::getImportedModule(cyclic, request));
    }
    // 10. Return true.
    return true;
}

// https://tc39.es/proposal-defer-import-eval/#sec-EvaluateModuleSync
void AbstractModuleRecord::evaluateSync(JSGlobalObject* globalObject)
{
    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
    auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);
    // 1. If ReadyForSyncExecution(module) is false, throw a TypeError exception.
    if (!readyForSyncExecution()) {
        throwTypeError(globalObject, scope, "Unable to synchronously evaluate deferred module"_s);
        return;
    }
    // 2. Let promise be ! module.Evaluate().
    JSPromise* promise = evaluate(globalObject);
    RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, void());
    // 3. Assert: promise.[[PromiseState]] is either FULFILLED or REJECTED.
    ASSERT(promise->status() != JSPromise::Status::Pending);
    // 4. If promise.[[PromiseState]] is REJECTED, then
    if (promise->status() == JSPromise::Status::Rejected) {
        // 4.a. If promise.[[PromiseIsHandled]] is false, perform HostPromiseRejectionTracker(promise, "handle").
        // 4.b. Set promise.[[PromiseIsHandled]] to true.
        promise->markAsHandled();
        // 4.c. Return ThrowCompletion(promise.[[PromiseResult]]).
        throwException(globalObject, scope, promise->result());
    }
    // 5. Return UNUSED.
}

JSPromise* AbstractModuleRecord::asyncCapability() const
{
    return m_asyncCapability.get();
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::asyncCapability(VM& vm, JSPromise* promise)
{
    m_asyncCapability.set(vm, this, promise);
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::setModuleEnvironment(JSGlobalObject* globalObject, JSModuleEnvironment* moduleEnvironment)
{
    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
    auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);

    ASSERT(!m_moduleEnvironment);
    // If module namespace object is materialized, we will materialize *namespace* slot too.
    if (m_moduleNamespaceObject) {
        bool putResult = false;
        constexpr bool shouldThrowReadOnlyError = false;
        constexpr bool ignoreReadOnlyErrors = true;
        symbolTablePutTouchWatchpointSet(moduleEnvironment, globalObject, vm.propertyNames->starNamespacePrivateName, m_moduleNamespaceObject.get(), shouldThrowReadOnlyError, ignoreReadOnlyErrors, putResult);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, void());
    }
    m_moduleEnvironment.set(vm, this, moduleEnvironment);
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::link(JSGlobalObject* globalObject, RefPtr<ScriptFetcher> scriptFetcher)
{
    if (auto* cyclicModuleRecord = dynamicDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(this))
        cyclicModuleRecord->link(globalObject, WTF::move(scriptFetcher)); // can throw
    else if (auto* moduleRecord = dynamicDowncast<SyntheticModuleRecord>(this))
        moduleRecord->link(globalObject, WTF::move(scriptFetcher));
    else
        RELEASE_ASSERT_NOT_REACHED();
}

JS_EXPORT_PRIVATE JSValue AbstractModuleRecord::evaluate(JSGlobalObject* globalObject, JSValue sentValue, JSValue resumeMode)
{
    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
    auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);

    if (auto* jsModuleRecord = dynamicDowncast<JSModuleRecord>(this))
        RELEASE_AND_RETURN(scope, jsModuleRecord->evaluate(globalObject, sentValue, resumeMode));
#if ENABLE(WEBASSEMBLY)
    if (auto* wasmModuleRecord = dynamicDowncast<WebAssemblyModuleRecord>(this)) {
        // WebAssembly imports need to be supplied during evaluation so that, e.g.,
        // JS module exports are actually available to be read and installed as import
        // bindings.
        wasmModuleRecord->initializeImports(globalObject, nullptr, Wasm::CreationMode::FromModuleLoader);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, jsUndefined());
        wasmModuleRecord->initializeExports(globalObject);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, jsUndefined());
        RELEASE_AND_RETURN(scope, wasmModuleRecord->evaluate(globalObject));
    }
#endif
    if (auto* syntheticRecord = dynamicDowncast<SyntheticModuleRecord>(this))
        RELEASE_AND_RETURN(scope, syntheticRecord->evaluate(globalObject));
    RELEASE_ASSERT_NOT_REACHED();
    return jsUndefined();
}

JSPromise* AbstractModuleRecord::evaluate(JSGlobalObject* globalObject)
{
    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();

    auto wrap = [&](JSValue value) -> JSPromise* {
        if (!value)
            return nullptr;
        if (auto* promise = dynamicDowncast<JSPromise>(value))
            return promise;
        auto* promise = JSPromise::create(vm, globalObject->promiseStructure());
        promise->resolve(globalObject, vm, value);
        return promise;
    };

    if (auto* cyclicRecord = dynamicDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(this))
        return wrap(cyclicRecord->evaluate(globalObject));
    if (auto* syntheticRecord = dynamicDowncast<SyntheticModuleRecord>(this))
        return wrap(syntheticRecord->evaluate(globalObject));
    RELEASE_ASSERT_NOT_REACHED();
    return nullptr;
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::evaluateModuleSync(JSGlobalObject* globalObject)
{
    // EvaluateModuleSync(module)
    // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-EvaluateModuleSync
    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
    auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);
    ASSERT(!inherits(JSModuleRecord::info()));
    JSPromise* promise = evaluate(globalObject);
    RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, void());
    // "the caller guarantees that module's evaluation will return an already settled promise"
    ASSERT(promise->status() != JSPromise::Status::Pending);
    if (promise->status() == JSPromise::Status::Rejected)
        throwException(globalObject, scope, promise->result());
}

static void checkSafeToRecurse(JSGlobalObject* globalObject, ThrowScope& scope)
{
    if (!globalObject->vm().isSafeToRecurse())
        throwRangeError(globalObject, scope, "Maximum call stack size exceeded"_s);
}

unsigned AbstractModuleRecord::innerModuleEvaluation(JSGlobalObject* globalObject, Vector<AbstractModuleRecord*, 8>& stack, unsigned index)
{
    // InnerModuleEvaluation(module, stack, index)
    // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-innermoduleevaluation

    constexpr auto invalid = static_cast<unsigned>(-1);
    using Status = CyclicModuleRecord::Status;

    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
    auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);
    auto* module = dynamicDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(this);

    // 1. If module is not a Cyclic Module Record, then
    if (!module) {
        // 1.a. Perform ? EvaluateModuleSync(module).
        evaluateModuleSync(globalObject);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, invalid);
        // 1.b. Return index.
        return index;
    }
    // 2. If module.[[Status]] is either EVALUATING-ASYNC or EVALUATED, then
    if (auto status = module->status(); status == Status::EvaluatingAsync || status == Status::Evaluated) {
        // 2.a. If module.[[EvaluationError]] is EMPTY, return index.
        JSValue evaluationError = module->evaluationError();
        if (!evaluationError)
            RELEASE_AND_RETURN(scope, index);
        // 2.b. Otherwise, return ? module.[[EvaluationError]].
        scope.throwException(globalObject, evaluationError);
        return invalid;
    }
    // 3. If module.[[Status]] is EVALUATING, return index.
    if (module->status() == Status::Evaluating)
        RELEASE_AND_RETURN(scope, index);
    // 4. Assert: module.[[Status]] is LINKED.
    ASSERT(module->status() == Status::Linked);
    // 5. Set module.[[Status]] to EVALUATING.
    module->setStatus(Status::Evaluating);
    // 6. Let moduleIndex be index.
    unsigned moduleIndex = index;
    // 7. Set module.[[DFSAncestorIndex]] to index.
    module->setDFSAncestorIndex(index);
    // 8. Set module.[[PendingAsyncDependencies]] to 0.
    module->setPendingAsyncDependencies(0);
    // 9. Set index to index + 1.
    ++index;
    // 10. Append module to stack.
    stack.append(module);
    // https://tc39.es/proposal-defer-import-eval/#sec-innermoduleevaluation
    // 10. Let evaluationList be a new empty List.
    OrderedHashSet<AbstractModuleRecord*> evaluationList;
    // 11. For each ModuleRequest Record request of module.[[RequestedModules]], do
    for (const ModuleRequest& request : module->requestedModules()) {
        // 11.a. Let requiredModule be GetImportedModule(module, request).
        AbstractModuleRecord* requiredModule = JSModuleLoader::getImportedModule(module, request);
        // 11.b. If request.[[Phase]] is defer, then
        if (request.m_phase == ModulePhase::Defer) [[unlikely]] {
            // 11.b.i. Let additionalModules be GatherAsynchronousTransitiveDependencies(requiredModule).
            // 11.b.ii. For each Module Record additionalModule of additionalModules, do
            //   11.b.ii.1. If evaluationList does not contain additionalModule, then append additionalModule to evaluationList.
            UncheckedKeyHashSet<AbstractModuleRecord*> seen;
            requiredModule->gatherAsynchronousTransitiveDependencies(evaluationList, seen);
        } else {
            // 11.c. Else if evaluationList does not contain requiredModule, then
            //   11.c.i. Append requiredModule to evaluationList.
            evaluationList.add(requiredModule);
        }
    }
    // 12. For each Module Record requiredModule of evaluationList, do
    for (AbstractModuleRecord* requiredModule : evaluationList) {
        checkSafeToRecurse(globalObject, scope);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, invalid);
        // 12.a. Set index to ? InnerModuleEvaluation(requiredModule, stack, index).
        unsigned result = requiredModule->innerModuleEvaluation(globalObject, stack, index);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, invalid);
        index = result;
        // 12.b. If requiredModule is a Cyclic Module Record, then
        if (auto* cyclic = dynamicDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(requiredModule)) {
            // 12.b.i. Assert: requiredModule.[[Status]] is one of EVALUATING, EVALUATING-ASYNC, or EVALUATED.
            ASSERT(cyclic->status() == Status::Evaluating || cyclic->status() == Status::EvaluatingAsync || cyclic->status() == Status::Evaluated);
            // 12.b.ii. Assert: requiredModule.[[Status]] is EVALUATING if and only if stack contains requiredModule.
            ASSERT(stack.contains(requiredModule) == (cyclic->status() == Status::Evaluating));
            // 12.b.iii. If requiredModule.[[Status]] is EVALUATING, then
            if (cyclic->status() == Status::Evaluating) {
                // 12.b.iii.1. Set module.[[DFSAncestorIndex]] to min(module.[[DFSAncestorIndex]], requiredModule.[[DFSAncestorIndex]]).
                module->setDFSAncestorIndex(std::min(module->dfsAncestorIndex(), cyclic->dfsAncestorIndex()));
            // 12.b.iv. Else,
            } else {
                // 12.b.iv.1. Set requiredModule to requiredModule.[[CycleRoot]].
                cyclic = requiredModule->cycleRoot();
                requiredModule = cyclic;
                // 12.b.iv.2. Assert: requiredModule.[[Status]] is either EVALUATING-ASYNC or EVALUATED.
                ASSERT(cyclic->status() == Status::EvaluatingAsync || cyclic->status() == Status::Evaluated);
                // 12.b.iv.3. If requiredModule.[[EvaluationError]] is not empty, return ? requiredModule.[[EvaluationError]].
                if (JSValue error = cyclic->evaluationError()) {
                    scope.throwException(globalObject, error);
                    return invalid;
                }
            }
            // 12.b.v. If requiredModule.[[AsyncEvaluationOrder]] is an integer, then
            if (cyclic->asyncEvaluationOrder().hasOrder()) {
                // 12.b.v.1. Set module.[[PendingAsyncDependencies]] to module.[[PendingAsyncDependencies]] + 1.
                module->setPendingAsyncDependencies(module->pendingAsyncDependencies().value() + 1);
                // 12.b.v.2. Append module to requiredModule.[[AsyncParentModules]].
                cyclic->appendAsyncParentModule(vm, module);
            }
        }
    }
    // 12. If module.[[PendingAsyncDependencies]] > 0 or module.[[HasTLA]] is true, then
    if (module->pendingAsyncDependencies() > 0 || module->hasTLA()) {
        // 12.a. Assert: module.[[AsyncEvaluationOrder]] is UNSET.
        ASSERT(module->asyncEvaluationOrder().isUnset());
        // 12.b. Set module.[[AsyncEvaluationOrder]] to IncrementModuleAsyncEvaluationCount().
        module->setAsyncEvaluationOrder(vm.incrementModuleAsyncEvaluationCount());
        // 12.c. If module.[[PendingAsyncDependencies]] = 0, perform ExecuteAsyncModule(module).
        if (std::optional<int> deps = module->pendingAsyncDependencies(); deps && !*deps) {
            module->executeAsync(globalObject);
            RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, invalid);
        }
    // 13. Else,
    } else {
        // 13.a. Perform ? module.ExecuteModule().
        module->execute(globalObject);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, invalid);
    }
    // 14. Assert: module occurs exactly once in stack.
    ASSERT(stack.contains(module));
    ASSERT(stack.find(module) == stack.reverseFind(module));
    // 15. Assert: module.[[DFSAncestorIndex]] <= moduleIndex.
    ASSERT(module->dfsAncestorIndex() <= moduleIndex);
    // 16. If module.[[DFSAncestorIndex]] = moduleIndex, then
    if (module->dfsAncestorIndex() == moduleIndex) {
        // 16.a. Let done be false.
        bool done = false;
        // 16.b. Repeat, while done is false,
        do {
            // 16.b.i. Let requiredModule be the last element of stack.
            // 16.b.ii. Remove the last element of stack.
            AbstractModuleRecord* requiredModule = stack.takeLast();
            // 16.b.iii. Assert: requiredModule is a Cyclic Module Record.
            auto* cyclic = uncheckedDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(requiredModule); // cyclic is a downcasted alias of requiredModule.
            // 16.b.iv. Assert: requiredModule.[[AsyncEvaluationOrder]] is either an integer or UNSET.
            ASSERT(cyclic->asyncEvaluationOrder().hasOrder() || cyclic->asyncEvaluationOrder().isUnset());
            // 16.b.v. If requiredModule.[[AsyncEvaluationOrder]] is UNSET, set requiredModule.[[Status]] to EVALUATED.
            if (cyclic->asyncEvaluationOrder().isUnset()) {
                cyclic->setStatus(Status::Evaluated);
            // 16.b.vi. Otherwise, set requiredModule.[[Status]] to EVALUATING-ASYNC.
            } else
                cyclic->setStatus(Status::EvaluatingAsync);
            // 16.b.vii. If requiredModule and module are the same Module Record, set done to true.
            done = requiredModule == module;
            // 16.b.viii. Set requiredModule.[[CycleRoot]] to module.
            requiredModule->setCycleRoot(vm, module);
        } while (!done);
    }
    // 17. Return index.
    RELEASE_AND_RETURN(scope, index);
}

unsigned AbstractModuleRecord::innerModuleLinking(JSGlobalObject* globalObject, Vector<CyclicModuleRecord*, 8>& stack, unsigned index, RefPtr<ScriptFetcher> scriptFetcher)
{
    // InnerModuleLinking(module, stack, index)
    // https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-InnerModuleLinking

    constexpr auto invalid = static_cast<unsigned>(-1);
    using Status = CyclicModuleRecord::Status;

    VM& vm = globalObject->vm();
    auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);
    auto* module = dynamicDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(this);

    // 1. If module is not a Cyclic Module Record, then
    if (!module) {
        // 1.a. Perform ? module.Link().
        link(globalObject, scriptFetcher);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, invalid);
        // 1.b. Return index.
        return index;
    }
    // 2. If module.[[Status]] is one of LINKING, LINKED, EVALUATING-ASYNC, or EVALUATED, then
    if (auto status = module->status(); status == Status::Linking || status == Status::Linked || status == Status::EvaluatingAsync || status == Status::Evaluated) {
        // 2.a. Return index.
        return index;
    }
    // 3. Assert: module.[[Status]] is UNLINKED.
    ASSERT(module->status() == Status::Unlinked);
    // 4. Set module.[[Status]] to LINKING.
    module->setStatus(Status::Linking);
    // 5. Let moduleIndex be index.
    unsigned moduleIndex = index;
    // 6. Set module.[[DFSAncestorIndex]] to index.
    module->setDFSAncestorIndex(index);
    // 7. Set index to index + 1.
    ++index;
    // 8. Append module to stack.
    stack.append(module);
    // 9. For each ModuleRequest Record request of module.[[RequestedModules]], do
    for (const ModuleRequest& request : module->requestedModules()) {
        // 9.a. Let requiredModule be GetImportedModule(module, request).
        AbstractModuleRecord* requiredModule = JSModuleLoader::getImportedModule(module, request);
        checkSafeToRecurse(globalObject, scope);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, invalid);
        // 9.b. Set index to ? InnerModuleLinking(requiredModule, stack, index).
        index = requiredModule->innerModuleLinking(globalObject, stack, index, scriptFetcher);
        RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, invalid);
        // 9.c. If requiredModule is a Cyclic Module Record, then
        if (auto* requiredCyclic = dynamicDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(requiredModule)) {
            // 9.c.i. Assert: requiredModule.[[Status]] is one of LINKING, LINKED, EVALUATING-ASYNC, or EVALUATED.
            Status status = requiredCyclic->status();
            ASSERT_UNUSED(status, status == Status::Linking || status == Status::Linked || status == Status::EvaluatingAsync || status == Status::Evaluated);
            // 9.c.ii. Assert: requiredModule.[[Status]] is LINKING if and only if stack contains requiredModule.
            ASSERT((status == Status::Linking) == stack.contains(requiredModule));
            // 9.c.iii. If requiredModule.[[Status]] is LINKING, then
            if (status == Status::Linking) {
                // 9.c.iii.1. Set module.[[DFSAncestorIndex]] to min(module.[[DFSAncestorIndex]], requiredModule.[[DFSAncestorIndex]]).
                module->setDFSAncestorIndex(std::min(module->dfsAncestorIndex(), requiredCyclic->dfsAncestorIndex()));
            }
        }
    }
    // 10. Perform ? module.InitializeEnvironment().
    module->initializeEnvironment(globalObject, scriptFetcher);
    JSModuleLoader::attachErrorInfo(globalObject, scope, module, module->moduleKey(), module->moduleType(), JSModuleLoader::ModuleFailure::Kind::Instantiation);
    RETURN_IF_EXCEPTION(scope, invalid);
    // 11. Assert: module occurs exactly once in stack.
    ASSERT(stack.contains(this));
    ASSERT(stack.find(this) == stack.reverseFind(this));
    // 12. Assert: module.[[DFSAncestorIndex]] ≤ moduleIndex.
    ASSERT(module->dfsAncestorIndex() <= moduleIndex);
    // 13. If module.[[DFSAncestorIndex]] = moduleIndex, then
    if (module->dfsAncestorIndex() == moduleIndex) {
        // 13.a. Let done be false.
        bool done = false;
        // 13.b. Repeat, while done is false,
        do {
            // 13.b.i. Let requiredModule be the last element of stack.
            // 13.b.ii. Remove the last element of stack.
            AbstractModuleRecord* requiredModule = stack.takeLast();
            // 13.b.iii. Assert: requiredModule is a Cyclic Module Record.
            auto* cyclic = uncheckedDowncast<CyclicModuleRecord>(requiredModule);
            // 13.b.iv. Set requiredModule.[[Status]] to LINKED.
            cyclic->setStatus(Status::Linked);
            // 13.b.v. If requiredModule and module are the same Module Record, set done to true.
            done = requiredModule == module;
        } while (!done);
    }
    // 14. Return index.
    return index;
}

static String printableName(const RefPtr<UniquedStringImpl>& uid)
{
    if (uid->isSymbol())
        return uid.get();
    return WTF::makeString('\'', StringView(uid.get()), '\'');
}

static String printableName(const Identifier& ident)
{
    return printableName(ident.impl());
}

ScriptFetchParameters::Type AbstractModuleRecord::moduleType() const
{
    switch (m_sourceType) {
    case SourceProviderSourceType::Text:
        return ScriptFetchParameters::Type::Text;
    case SourceProviderSourceType::JSON:
        return ScriptFetchParameters::Type::JSON;
    case SourceProviderSourceType::Module:
    case SourceProviderSourceType::Program:
        return ScriptFetchParameters::Type::JavaScript;
    case SourceProviderSourceType::WebAssembly:
        return ScriptFetchParameters::Type::WebAssembly;
    case SourceProviderSourceType::CSS:
        return ScriptFetchParameters::Type::CSS;
    case SourceProviderSourceType::ImportMap:
        RELEASE_ASSERT_NOT_REACHED();
        return ScriptFetchParameters::Type::None;
    }
    return ScriptFetchParameters::Type::None;
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::setCycleRoot(VM& vm, CyclicModuleRecord* newRoot)
{
    m_cycleRoot.set(vm, this, newRoot);
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::setTopLevelCapability(VM& vm, JSPromise* promise)
{
    m_topLevelCapability.set(vm, this, promise);
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::setHasTLA(bool has)
{
    m_hasTLA = has;
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::appendAsyncParentModule(VM& vm, AbstractModuleRecord* parentModule)
{
    Locker locker { cellLock() };
    m_asyncParentModules.append({ vm, this, parentModule });
}

void AbstractModuleRecord::dump()
{
    dataLog("\nAnalyzing ModuleRecord key(", printableName(m_moduleKey), ")\n");

    dataLog("    Dependencies: ", m_requestedModules.size(), " modules\n");
    for (const auto& request : m_requestedModules)
        dataLogLn("      module(", printableName(request.m_specifier), "),attributes(", RawPointer(request.m_attributes.get()), ")");

    dataLog("    Import: ", m_importEntries.size(), " entries\n");
    for (const auto& pair : m_importEntries) {
        const ImportEntry& importEntry = pair.value;
        dataLog("      import(", printableName(importEntry.importName), "), local(", printableName(importEntry.localName), "), module(", printableName(importEntry.moduleRequest), ")\n");
    }

    dataLog("    Export: ", m_exportEntries.size(), " entries\n");
    for (const auto& pair : m_exportEntries) {
        const ExportEntry& exportEntry = pair.value;
        switch (exportEntry.type) {
        case ExportEntry::Type::Local:
            dataLog("      [Local] ", "export(", printableName(exportEntry.exportName), "), local(", printableName(exportEntry.localName), ")\n");
            break;

        case ExportEntry::Type::Indirect:
            dataLog("      [Indirect] ", "export(", printableName(exportEntry.exportName), "), import(", printableName(exportEntry.importName), "), module(", printableName(exportEntry.moduleName), ")\n");
            break;

        case ExportEntry::Type::Namespace:
            dataLog("      [Namespace] ", "export(", printableName(exportEntry.exportName), "), module(", printableName(exportEntry.moduleName), ")\n");
            break;
        }
    }
    for (const auto& starExportEntry : m_starExportEntries)
        dataLog("      [Star] module(", printableName(starExportEntry.first), ")\n");
}

} // namespace JSC