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"""Unit tests for collections.py."""
import collections
import copy
import doctest
import inspect
import operator
import pickle
from random import choice, randrange
from itertools import product, chain, combinations
import string
import sys
from test import support
import types
import unittest
from collections import namedtuple, Counter, OrderedDict, _count_elements
from collections import UserDict, UserString, UserList
from collections import ChainMap
from collections import deque
from collections.abc import Awaitable, Coroutine
from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, AsyncIterable, AsyncGenerator
from collections.abc import Hashable, Iterable, Iterator, Generator, Reversible
from collections.abc import Sized, Container, Callable, Collection
from collections.abc import Set, MutableSet
from collections.abc import Mapping, MutableMapping, KeysView, ItemsView, ValuesView
from collections.abc import Sequence, MutableSequence
from collections.abc import ByteString, Buffer
class TestUserObjects(unittest.TestCase):
def _superset_test(self, a, b):
self.assertGreaterEqual(
set(dir(a)),
set(dir(b)),
'{a} should have all the methods of {b}'.format(
a=a.__name__,
b=b.__name__,
),
)
def _copy_test(self, obj):
# Test internal copy
obj_copy = obj.copy()
self.assertIsNot(obj.data, obj_copy.data)
self.assertEqual(obj.data, obj_copy.data)
# Test copy.copy
obj.test = [1234] # Make sure instance vars are also copied.
obj_copy = copy.copy(obj)
self.assertIsNot(obj.data, obj_copy.data)
self.assertEqual(obj.data, obj_copy.data)
self.assertIs(obj.test, obj_copy.test)
def test_str_protocol(self):
self._superset_test(UserString, str)
def test_list_protocol(self):
self._superset_test(UserList, list)
def test_dict_protocol(self):
self._superset_test(UserDict, dict)
def test_list_copy(self):
obj = UserList()
obj.append(123)
self._copy_test(obj)
def test_dict_copy(self):
obj = UserDict()
obj[123] = "abc"
self._copy_test(obj)
def test_dict_missing(self):
class A(UserDict):
def __missing__(self, key):
return 456
self.assertEqual(A()[123], 456)
# get() ignores __missing__ on dict
self.assertIs(A().get(123), None)
################################################################################
### ChainMap (helper class for configparser and the string module)
################################################################################
class TestChainMap(unittest.TestCase):
def test_basics(self):
c = ChainMap()
c['a'] = 1
c['b'] = 2
d = c.new_child()
d['b'] = 20
d['c'] = 30
self.assertEqual(d.maps, [{'b':20, 'c':30}, {'a':1, 'b':2}]) # check internal state
self.assertEqual(d.items(), dict(a=1, b=20, c=30).items()) # check items/iter/getitem
self.assertEqual(len(d), 3) # check len
for key in 'abc': # check contains
self.assertIn(key, d)
for k, v in dict(a=1, b=20, c=30, z=100).items(): # check get
self.assertEqual(d.get(k, 100), v)
del d['b'] # unmask a value
self.assertEqual(d.maps, [{'c':30}, {'a':1, 'b':2}]) # check internal state
self.assertEqual(d.items(), dict(a=1, b=2, c=30).items()) # check items/iter/getitem
self.assertEqual(len(d), 3) # check len
for key in 'abc': # check contains
self.assertIn(key, d)
for k, v in dict(a=1, b=2, c=30, z=100).items(): # check get
self.assertEqual(d.get(k, 100), v)
self.assertIn(repr(d), [ # check repr
type(d).__name__ + "({'c': 30}, {'a': 1, 'b': 2})",
type(d).__name__ + "({'c': 30}, {'b': 2, 'a': 1})"
])
for e in d.copy(), copy.copy(d): # check shallow copies
self.assertEqual(d, e)
self.assertEqual(d.maps, e.maps)
self.assertIsNot(d, e)
self.assertIsNot(d.maps[0], e.maps[0])
for m1, m2 in zip(d.maps[1:], e.maps[1:]):
self.assertIs(m1, m2)
# check deep copies
for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
e = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(d, proto))
self.assertEqual(d, e)
self.assertEqual(d.maps, e.maps)
self.assertIsNot(d, e)
for m1, m2 in zip(d.maps, e.maps):
self.assertIsNot(m1, m2, e)
for e in [copy.deepcopy(d),
eval(repr(d))
]:
self.assertEqual(d, e)
self.assertEqual(d.maps, e.maps)
self.assertIsNot(d, e)
for m1, m2 in zip(d.maps, e.maps):
self.assertIsNot(m1, m2, e)
f = d.new_child()
f['b'] = 5
self.assertEqual(f.maps, [{'b': 5}, {'c':30}, {'a':1, 'b':2}])
self.assertEqual(f.parents.maps, [{'c':30}, {'a':1, 'b':2}]) # check parents
self.assertEqual(f['b'], 5) # find first in chain
self.assertEqual(f.parents['b'], 2) # look beyond maps[0]
def test_ordering(self):
# Combined order matches a series of dict updates from last to first.
# This test relies on the ordering of the underlying dicts.
baseline = {'music': 'bach', 'art': 'rembrandt'}
adjustments = {'art': 'van gogh', 'opera': 'carmen'}
cm = ChainMap(adjustments, baseline)
combined = baseline.copy()
combined.update(adjustments)
self.assertEqual(list(combined.items()), list(cm.items()))
def test_constructor(self):
self.assertEqual(ChainMap().maps, [{}]) # no-args --> one new dict
self.assertEqual(ChainMap({1:2}).maps, [{1:2}]) # 1 arg --> list
def test_bool(self):
self.assertFalse(ChainMap())
self.assertFalse(ChainMap({}, {}))
self.assertTrue(ChainMap({1:2}, {}))
self.assertTrue(ChainMap({}, {1:2}))
def test_missing(self):
class DefaultChainMap(ChainMap):
def __missing__(self, key):
return 999
d = DefaultChainMap(dict(a=1, b=2), dict(b=20, c=30))
for k, v in dict(a=1, b=2, c=30, d=999).items():
self.assertEqual(d[k], v) # check __getitem__ w/missing
for k, v in dict(a=1, b=2, c=30, d=77).items():
self.assertEqual(d.get(k, 77), v) # check get() w/ missing
for k, v in dict(a=True, b=True, c=True, d=False).items():
self.assertEqual(k in d, v) # check __contains__ w/missing
self.assertEqual(d.pop('a', 1001), 1, d)
self.assertEqual(d.pop('a', 1002), 1002) # check pop() w/missing
self.assertEqual(d.popitem(), ('b', 2)) # check popitem() w/missing
with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
d.popitem()
def test_order_preservation(self):
d = ChainMap(
OrderedDict(j=0, h=88888),
OrderedDict(),
OrderedDict(i=9999, d=4444, c=3333),
OrderedDict(f=666, b=222, g=777, c=333, h=888),
OrderedDict(),
OrderedDict(e=55, b=22),
OrderedDict(a=1, b=2, c=3, d=4, e=5),
OrderedDict(),
)
self.assertEqual(''.join(d), 'abcdefghij')
self.assertEqual(list(d.items()),
[('a', 1), ('b', 222), ('c', 3333), ('d', 4444),
('e', 55), ('f', 666), ('g', 777), ('h', 88888),
('i', 9999), ('j', 0)])
def test_iter_not_calling_getitem_on_maps(self):
class DictWithGetItem(UserDict):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
self.called = False
UserDict.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
def __getitem__(self, item):
self.called = True
UserDict.__getitem__(self, item)
d = DictWithGetItem(a=1)
c = ChainMap(d)
d.called = False
set(c) # iterate over chain map
self.assertFalse(d.called, '__getitem__ was called')
def test_dict_coercion(self):
d = ChainMap(dict(a=1, b=2), dict(b=20, c=30))
self.assertEqual(dict(d), dict(a=1, b=2, c=30))
self.assertEqual(dict(d.items()), dict(a=1, b=2, c=30))
def test_new_child(self):
'Tests for changes for issue #16613.'
c = ChainMap()
c['a'] = 1
c['b'] = 2
m = {'b':20, 'c': 30}
d = c.new_child(m)
self.assertEqual(d.maps, [{'b':20, 'c':30}, {'a':1, 'b':2}]) # check internal state
self.assertIs(m, d.maps[0])
# Use a different map than a dict
class lowerdict(dict):
def __getitem__(self, key):
if isinstance(key, str):
key = key.lower()
return dict.__getitem__(self, key)
def __contains__(self, key):
if isinstance(key, str):
key = key.lower()
return dict.__contains__(self, key)
c = ChainMap()
c['a'] = 1
c['b'] = 2
m = lowerdict(b=20, c=30)
d = c.new_child(m)
self.assertIs(m, d.maps[0])
for key in 'abc': # check contains
self.assertIn(key, d)
for k, v in dict(a=1, B=20, C=30, z=100).items(): # check get
self.assertEqual(d.get(k, 100), v)
c = ChainMap({'a': 1, 'b': 2})
d = c.new_child(b=20, c=30)
self.assertEqual(d.maps, [{'b': 20, 'c': 30}, {'a': 1, 'b': 2}])
def test_union_operators(self):
cm1 = ChainMap(dict(a=1, b=2), dict(c=3, d=4))
cm2 = ChainMap(dict(a=10, e=5), dict(b=20, d=4))
cm3 = cm1.copy()
d = dict(a=10, c=30)
pairs = [('c', 3), ('p',0)]
tmp = cm1 | cm2 # testing between chainmaps
self.assertEqual(tmp.maps, [cm1.maps[0] | dict(cm2), *cm1.maps[1:]])
cm1 |= cm2
self.assertEqual(tmp, cm1)
tmp = cm2 | d # testing between chainmap and mapping
self.assertEqual(tmp.maps, [cm2.maps[0] | d, *cm2.maps[1:]])
self.assertEqual((d | cm2).maps, [d | dict(cm2)])
cm2 |= d
self.assertEqual(tmp, cm2)
# testing behavior between chainmap and iterable key-value pairs
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
cm3 | pairs
tmp = cm3.copy()
cm3 |= pairs
self.assertEqual(cm3.maps, [tmp.maps[0] | dict(pairs), *tmp.maps[1:]])
# testing proper return types for ChainMap and it's subclasses
class Subclass(ChainMap):
pass
class SubclassRor(ChainMap):
def __ror__(self, other):
return super().__ror__(other)
tmp = ChainMap() | ChainMap()
self.assertIs(type(tmp), ChainMap)
self.assertIs(type(tmp.maps[0]), dict)
tmp = ChainMap() | Subclass()
self.assertIs(type(tmp), ChainMap)
self.assertIs(type(tmp.maps[0]), dict)
tmp = Subclass() | ChainMap()
self.assertIs(type(tmp), Subclass)
self.assertIs(type(tmp.maps[0]), dict)
tmp = ChainMap() | SubclassRor()
self.assertIs(type(tmp), SubclassRor)
self.assertIs(type(tmp.maps[0]), dict)
################################################################################
### Named Tuples
################################################################################
TestNT = namedtuple('TestNT', 'x y z') # type used for pickle tests
class TestNamedTuple(unittest.TestCase):
def test_factory(self):
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
self.assertEqual(Point.__name__, 'Point')
self.assertEqual(Point.__slots__, ())
self.assertEqual(Point.__module__, __name__)
self.assertEqual(Point.__getitem__, tuple.__getitem__)
self.assertEqual(Point._fields, ('x', 'y'))
self.assertRaises(ValueError, namedtuple, 'abc%', 'efg ghi') # type has non-alpha char
self.assertRaises(ValueError, namedtuple, 'class', 'efg ghi') # type has keyword
self.assertRaises(ValueError, namedtuple, '9abc', 'efg ghi') # type starts with digit
self.assertRaises(ValueError, namedtuple, 'abc', 'efg g%hi') # field with non-alpha char
self.assertRaises(ValueError, namedtuple, 'abc', 'abc class') # field has keyword
self.assertRaises(ValueError, namedtuple, 'abc', '8efg 9ghi') # field starts with digit
self.assertRaises(ValueError, namedtuple, 'abc', '_efg ghi') # field with leading underscore
self.assertRaises(ValueError, namedtuple, 'abc', 'efg efg ghi') # duplicate field
namedtuple('Point0', 'x1 y2') # Verify that numbers are allowed in names
namedtuple('_', 'a b c') # Test leading underscores in a typename
nt = namedtuple('nt', 'the quick brown fox') # check unicode input
self.assertNotIn("u'", repr(nt._fields))
nt = namedtuple('nt', ('the', 'quick')) # check unicode input
self.assertNotIn("u'", repr(nt._fields))
self.assertRaises(TypeError, Point._make, [11]) # catch too few args
self.assertRaises(TypeError, Point._make, [11, 22, 33]) # catch too many args
def test_defaults(self):
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y', defaults=(10, 20)) # 2 defaults
self.assertEqual(Point._field_defaults, {'x': 10, 'y': 20})
self.assertEqual(Point(1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(Point(1), (1, 20))
self.assertEqual(Point(), (10, 20))
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y', defaults=(20,)) # 1 default
self.assertEqual(Point._field_defaults, {'y': 20})
self.assertEqual(Point(1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(Point(1), (1, 20))
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y', defaults=()) # 0 defaults
self.assertEqual(Point._field_defaults, {})
self.assertEqual(Point(1, 2), (1, 2))
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
Point(1)
with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # catch too few args
Point()
with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # catch too many args
Point(1, 2, 3)
with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # too many defaults
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y', defaults=(10, 20, 30))
with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # non-iterable defaults
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y', defaults=10)
with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # another non-iterable default
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y', defaults=False)
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y', defaults=None) # default is None
self.assertEqual(Point._field_defaults, {})
self.assertIsNone(Point.__new__.__defaults__, None)
self.assertEqual(Point(10, 20), (10, 20))
with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # catch too few args
Point(10)
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y', defaults=[10, 20]) # allow non-tuple iterable
self.assertEqual(Point._field_defaults, {'x': 10, 'y': 20})
self.assertEqual(Point.__new__.__defaults__, (10, 20))
self.assertEqual(Point(1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(Point(1), (1, 20))
self.assertEqual(Point(), (10, 20))
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y', defaults=iter([10, 20])) # allow plain iterator
self.assertEqual(Point._field_defaults, {'x': 10, 'y': 20})
self.assertEqual(Point.__new__.__defaults__, (10, 20))
self.assertEqual(Point(1, 2), (1, 2))
self.assertEqual(Point(1), (1, 20))
self.assertEqual(Point(), (10, 20))
def test_readonly(self):
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
p = Point(11, 22)
with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
p.x = 33
with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
del p.x
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
p[0] = 33
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
del p[0]
self.assertEqual(p.x, 11)
self.assertEqual(p[0], 11)
@unittest.skipIf(sys.flags.optimize >= 2,
"Docstrings are omitted with -O2 and above")
def test_factory_doc_attr(self):
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
self.assertEqual(Point.__doc__, 'Point(x, y)')
Point.__doc__ = '2D point'
self.assertEqual(Point.__doc__, '2D point')
@unittest.skipIf(sys.flags.optimize >= 2,
"Docstrings are omitted with -O2 and above")
def test_field_doc(self):
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
self.assertEqual(Point.x.__doc__, 'Alias for field number 0')
self.assertEqual(Point.y.__doc__, 'Alias for field number 1')
Point.x.__doc__ = 'docstring for Point.x'
self.assertEqual(Point.x.__doc__, 'docstring for Point.x')
# namedtuple can mutate doc of descriptors independently
Vector = namedtuple('Vector', 'x y')
self.assertEqual(Vector.x.__doc__, 'Alias for field number 0')
Vector.x.__doc__ = 'docstring for Vector.x'
self.assertEqual(Vector.x.__doc__, 'docstring for Vector.x')
@support.cpython_only
@unittest.skipIf(sys.flags.optimize >= 2,
"Docstrings are omitted with -O2 and above")
def test_field_doc_reuse(self):
P = namedtuple('P', ['m', 'n'])
Q = namedtuple('Q', ['o', 'p'])
self.assertIs(P.m.__doc__, Q.o.__doc__)
self.assertIs(P.n.__doc__, Q.p.__doc__)
@support.cpython_only
def test_field_repr(self):
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
self.assertEqual(repr(Point.x), "_tuplegetter(0, 'Alias for field number 0')")
self.assertEqual(repr(Point.y), "_tuplegetter(1, 'Alias for field number 1')")
Point.x.__doc__ = 'The x-coordinate'
Point.y.__doc__ = 'The y-coordinate'
self.assertEqual(repr(Point.x), "_tuplegetter(0, 'The x-coordinate')")
self.assertEqual(repr(Point.y), "_tuplegetter(1, 'The y-coordinate')")
def test_name_fixer(self):
for spec, renamed in [
[('efg', 'g%hi'), ('efg', '_1')], # field with non-alpha char
[('abc', 'class'), ('abc', '_1')], # field has keyword
[('8efg', '9ghi'), ('_0', '_1')], # field starts with digit
[('abc', '_efg'), ('abc', '_1')], # field with leading underscore
[('abc', 'efg', 'efg', 'ghi'), ('abc', 'efg', '_2', 'ghi')], # duplicate field
[('abc', '', 'x'), ('abc', '_1', 'x')], # fieldname is a space
]:
self.assertEqual(namedtuple('NT', spec, rename=True)._fields, renamed)
def test_module_parameter(self):
NT = namedtuple('NT', ['x', 'y'], module=collections)
self.assertEqual(NT.__module__, collections)
def test_instance(self):
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
p = Point(11, 22)
self.assertEqual(p, Point(x=11, y=22))
self.assertEqual(p, Point(11, y=22))
self.assertEqual(p, Point(y=22, x=11))
self.assertEqual(p, Point(*(11, 22)))
self.assertEqual(p, Point(**dict(x=11, y=22)))
self.assertRaises(TypeError, Point, 1) # too few args
self.assertRaises(TypeError, Point, 1, 2, 3) # too many args
with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # wrong keyword argument
Point(XXX=1, y=2)
with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # missing keyword argument
Point(x=1)
self.assertEqual(repr(p), 'Point(x=11, y=22)')
self.assertNotIn('__weakref__', dir(p))
self.assertEqual(p, Point._make([11, 22])) # test _make classmethod
self.assertEqual(p._fields, ('x', 'y')) # test _fields attribute
self.assertEqual(p._replace(x=1), (1, 22)) # test _replace method
self.assertEqual(p._asdict(), dict(x=11, y=22)) # test _asdict method
try:
p._replace(x=1, error=2)
except ValueError:
pass
else:
self._fail('Did not detect an incorrect fieldname')
# verify that field string can have commas
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x, y')
p = Point(x=11, y=22)
self.assertEqual(repr(p), 'Point(x=11, y=22)')
# verify that fieldspec can be a non-string sequence
Point = namedtuple('Point', ('x', 'y'))
p = Point(x=11, y=22)
self.assertEqual(repr(p), 'Point(x=11, y=22)')
def test_tupleness(self):
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
p = Point(11, 22)
self.assertIsInstance(p, tuple)
self.assertEqual(p, (11, 22)) # matches a real tuple
self.assertEqual(tuple(p), (11, 22)) # coercible to a real tuple
self.assertEqual(list(p), [11, 22]) # coercible to a list
self.assertEqual(max(p), 22) # iterable
self.assertEqual(max(*p), 22) # star-able
x, y = p
self.assertEqual(p, (x, y)) # unpacks like a tuple
self.assertEqual((p[0], p[1]), (11, 22)) # indexable like a tuple
with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
p[3]
self.assertEqual(p[-1], 22)
self.assertEqual(hash(p), hash((11, 22)))
self.assertEqual(p.x, x)
self.assertEqual(p.y, y)
with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
p.z
def test_odd_sizes(self):
Zero = namedtuple('Zero', '')
self.assertEqual(Zero(), ())
self.assertEqual(Zero._make([]), ())
self.assertEqual(repr(Zero()), 'Zero()')
self.assertEqual(Zero()._asdict(), {})
self.assertEqual(Zero()._fields, ())
Dot = namedtuple('Dot', 'd')
self.assertEqual(Dot(1), (1,))
self.assertEqual(Dot._make([1]), (1,))
self.assertEqual(Dot(1).d, 1)
self.assertEqual(repr(Dot(1)), 'Dot(d=1)')
self.assertEqual(Dot(1)._asdict(), {'d':1})
self.assertEqual(Dot(1)._replace(d=999), (999,))
self.assertEqual(Dot(1)._fields, ('d',))
n = support.EXCEEDS_RECURSION_LIMIT
names = list(set(''.join([choice(string.ascii_letters)
for j in range(10)]) for i in range(n)))
n = len(names)
Big = namedtuple('Big', names)
b = Big(*range(n))
self.assertEqual(b, tuple(range(n)))
self.assertEqual(Big._make(range(n)), tuple(range(n)))
for pos, name in enumerate(names):
self.assertEqual(getattr(b, name), pos)
repr(b) # make sure repr() doesn't blow-up
d = b._asdict()
d_expected = dict(zip(names, range(n)))
self.assertEqual(d, d_expected)
b2 = b._replace(**dict([(names[1], 999),(names[-5], 42)]))
b2_expected = list(range(n))
b2_expected[1] = 999
b2_expected[-5] = 42
self.assertEqual(b2, tuple(b2_expected))
self.assertEqual(b._fields, tuple(names))
def test_pickle(self):
p = TestNT(x=10, y=20, z=30)
for module in (pickle,):
loads = getattr(module, 'loads')
dumps = getattr(module, 'dumps')
for protocol in range(-1, module.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
q = loads(dumps(p, protocol))
self.assertEqual(p, q)
self.assertEqual(p._fields, q._fields)
self.assertNotIn(b'OrderedDict', dumps(p, protocol))
def test_copy(self):
p = TestNT(x=10, y=20, z=30)
for copier in copy.copy, copy.deepcopy:
q = copier(p)
self.assertEqual(p, q)
self.assertEqual(p._fields, q._fields)
def test_name_conflicts(self):
# Some names like "self", "cls", "tuple", "itemgetter", and "property"
# failed when used as field names. Test to make sure these now work.
T = namedtuple('T', 'itemgetter property self cls tuple')
t = T(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
self.assertEqual(t, (1,2,3,4,5))
newt = t._replace(itemgetter=10, property=20, self=30, cls=40, tuple=50)
self.assertEqual(newt, (10,20,30,40,50))
# Broader test of all interesting names taken from the code, old
# template, and an example
words = {'Alias', 'At', 'AttributeError', 'Build', 'Bypass', 'Create',
'Encountered', 'Expected', 'Field', 'For', 'Got', 'Helper',
'IronPython', 'Jython', 'KeyError', 'Make', 'Modify', 'Note',
'OrderedDict', 'Point', 'Return', 'Returns', 'Type', 'TypeError',
'Used', 'Validate', 'ValueError', 'Variables', 'a', 'accessible', 'add',
'added', 'all', 'also', 'an', 'arg_list', 'args', 'arguments',
'automatically', 'be', 'build', 'builtins', 'but', 'by', 'cannot',
'class_namespace', 'classmethod', 'cls', 'collections', 'convert',
'copy', 'created', 'creation', 'd', 'debugging', 'defined', 'dict',
'dictionary', 'doc', 'docstring', 'docstrings', 'duplicate', 'effect',
'either', 'enumerate', 'environments', 'error', 'example', 'exec', 'f',
'f_globals', 'field', 'field_names', 'fields', 'formatted', 'frame',
'function', 'functions', 'generate', 'get', 'getter', 'got', 'greater',
'has', 'help', 'identifiers', 'index', 'indexable', 'instance',
'instantiate', 'interning', 'introspection', 'isidentifier',
'isinstance', 'itemgetter', 'iterable', 'join', 'keyword', 'keywords',
'kwds', 'len', 'like', 'list', 'map', 'maps', 'message', 'metadata',
'method', 'methods', 'module', 'module_name', 'must', 'name', 'named',
'namedtuple', 'namedtuple_', 'names', 'namespace', 'needs', 'new',
'nicely', 'num_fields', 'number', 'object', 'of', 'operator', 'option',
'p', 'particular', 'pickle', 'pickling', 'plain', 'pop', 'positional',
'property', 'r', 'regular', 'rename', 'replace', 'replacing', 'repr',
'repr_fmt', 'representation', 'result', 'reuse_itemgetter', 's', 'seen',
'self', 'sequence', 'set', 'side', 'specified', 'split', 'start',
'startswith', 'step', 'str', 'string', 'strings', 'subclass', 'sys',
'targets', 'than', 'the', 'their', 'this', 'to', 'tuple', 'tuple_new',
'type', 'typename', 'underscore', 'unexpected', 'unpack', 'up', 'use',
'used', 'user', 'valid', 'values', 'variable', 'verbose', 'where',
'which', 'work', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'zip'}
T = namedtuple('T', words)
# test __new__
values = tuple(range(len(words)))
t = T(*values)
self.assertEqual(t, values)
t = T(**dict(zip(T._fields, values)))
self.assertEqual(t, values)
# test _make
t = T._make(values)
self.assertEqual(t, values)
# exercise __repr__
repr(t)
# test _asdict
self.assertEqual(t._asdict(), dict(zip(T._fields, values)))
# test _replace
t = T._make(values)
newvalues = tuple(v*10 for v in values)
newt = t._replace(**dict(zip(T._fields, newvalues)))
self.assertEqual(newt, newvalues)
# test _fields
self.assertEqual(T._fields, tuple(words))
# test __getnewargs__
self.assertEqual(t.__getnewargs__(), values)
def test_repr(self):
A = namedtuple('A', 'x')
self.assertEqual(repr(A(1)), 'A(x=1)')
# repr should show the name of the subclass
class B(A):
pass
self.assertEqual(repr(B(1)), 'B(x=1)')
def test_keyword_only_arguments(self):
# See issue 25628
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
NT = namedtuple('NT', ['x', 'y'], True)
NT = namedtuple('NT', ['abc', 'def'], rename=True)
self.assertEqual(NT._fields, ('abc', '_1'))
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
NT = namedtuple('NT', ['abc', 'def'], False, True)
def test_namedtuple_subclass_issue_24931(self):
class Point(namedtuple('_Point', ['x', 'y'])):
pass
a = Point(3, 4)
self.assertEqual(a._asdict(), OrderedDict([('x', 3), ('y', 4)]))
a.w = 5
self.assertEqual(a.__dict__, {'w': 5})
@support.cpython_only
def test_field_descriptor(self):
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
p = Point(11, 22)
self.assertTrue(inspect.isdatadescriptor(Point.x))
self.assertEqual(Point.x.__get__(p), 11)
self.assertRaises(AttributeError, Point.x.__set__, p, 33)
self.assertRaises(AttributeError, Point.x.__delete__, p)
for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
with self.subTest(proto=proto):
class NewPoint(tuple):
x = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(Point.x, proto))
y = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(Point.y, proto))
np = NewPoint([1, 2])
self.assertEqual(np.x, 1)
self.assertEqual(np.y, 2)
def test_new_builtins_issue_43102(self):
obj = namedtuple('C', ())
new_func = obj.__new__
self.assertEqual(new_func.__globals__['__builtins__'], {})
self.assertEqual(new_func.__builtins__, {})
def test_match_args(self):
Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
self.assertEqual(Point.__match_args__, ('x', 'y'))
def test_non_generic_subscript(self):
# For backward compatibility, subscription works
# on arbitrary named tuple types.
Group = collections.namedtuple('Group', 'key group')
A = Group[int, list[int]]
self.assertEqual(A.__origin__, Group)
self.assertEqual(A.__parameters__, ())
self.assertEqual(A.__args__, (int, list[int]))
a = A(1, [2])
self.assertIs(type(a), Group)
self.assertEqual(a, (1, [2]))
################################################################################
### Abstract Base Classes
################################################################################
class ABCTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def validate_abstract_methods(self, abc, *names):
methodstubs = dict.fromkeys(names, lambda s, *args: 0)
# everything should work will all required methods are present
C = type('C', (abc,), methodstubs)
C()
# instantiation should fail if a required method is missing
for name in names:
stubs = methodstubs.copy()
del stubs[name]
C = type('C', (abc,), stubs)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C, name)
def validate_isinstance(self, abc, name):
stub = lambda s, *args: 0
C = type('C', (object,), {'__hash__': None})
setattr(C, name, stub)
self.assertIsInstance(C(), abc)
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, abc))
C = type('C', (object,), {'__hash__': None})
self.assertNotIsInstance(C(), abc)
self.assertFalse(issubclass(C, abc))
def validate_comparison(self, instance):
ops = ['lt', 'gt', 'le', 'ge', 'ne', 'or', 'and', 'xor', 'sub']
operators = {}
for op in ops:
name = '__' + op + '__'
operators[name] = getattr(operator, name)
class Other:
def __init__(self):
self.right_side = False
def __eq__(self, other):
self.right_side = True
return True
__lt__ = __eq__
__gt__ = __eq__
__le__ = __eq__
__ge__ = __eq__
__ne__ = __eq__
__ror__ = __eq__
__rand__ = __eq__
__rxor__ = __eq__
__rsub__ = __eq__
for name, op in operators.items():
if not hasattr(instance, name):
continue
other = Other()
op(instance, other)
self.assertTrue(other.right_side,'Right side not called for %s.%s'
% (type(instance), name))
def _test_gen():
yield
class TestOneTrickPonyABCs(ABCTestCase):
def test_Awaitable(self):
def gen():
yield
@types.coroutine
def coro():
yield
async def new_coro():
pass
class Bar:
def __await__(self):
yield
class MinimalCoro(Coroutine):
def send(self, value):
return value
def throw(self, typ, val=None, tb=None):
super().throw(typ, val, tb)
def __await__(self):
yield
self.validate_abstract_methods(Awaitable, '__await__')
non_samples = [None, int(), gen(), object()]
for x in non_samples:
self.assertNotIsInstance(x, Awaitable)
self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), Awaitable), repr(type(x)))
samples = [Bar(), MinimalCoro()]
for x in samples:
self.assertIsInstance(x, Awaitable)
self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(x), Awaitable))
c = coro()
# Iterable coroutines (generators with CO_ITERABLE_COROUTINE
# flag don't have '__await__' method, hence can't be instances
# of Awaitable. Use inspect.isawaitable to detect them.
self.assertNotIsInstance(c, Awaitable)
c = new_coro()
self.assertIsInstance(c, Awaitable)
c.close() # avoid RuntimeWarning that coro() was not awaited
class CoroLike: pass
Coroutine.register(CoroLike)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(CoroLike(), Awaitable))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(CoroLike, Awaitable))
CoroLike = None
support.gc_collect() # Kill CoroLike to clean-up ABCMeta cache
def test_Coroutine(self):
def gen():
yield
@types.coroutine
def coro():
yield
async def new_coro():
pass
class Bar:
def __await__(self):
yield
class MinimalCoro(Coroutine):
def send(self, value):
return value
def throw(self, typ, val=None, tb=None):
super().throw(typ, val, tb)
def __await__(self):
yield
self.validate_abstract_methods(Coroutine, '__await__', 'send', 'throw')
non_samples = [None, int(), gen(), object(), Bar()]
for x in non_samples:
self.assertNotIsInstance(x, Coroutine)
self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), Coroutine), repr(type(x)))
samples = [MinimalCoro()]
for x in samples:
self.assertIsInstance(x, Awaitable)
self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(x), Awaitable))
c = coro()
# Iterable coroutines (generators with CO_ITERABLE_COROUTINE
# flag don't have '__await__' method, hence can't be instances
# of Coroutine. Use inspect.isawaitable to detect them.
self.assertNotIsInstance(c, Coroutine)
c = new_coro()
self.assertIsInstance(c, Coroutine)
c.close() # avoid RuntimeWarning that coro() was not awaited
class CoroLike:
def send(self, value):
pass
def throw(self, typ, val=None, tb=None):
pass
def close(self):
pass
def __await__(self):
pass
self.assertTrue(isinstance(CoroLike(), Coroutine))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(CoroLike, Coroutine))
class CoroLike:
def send(self, value):
pass
def close(self):
pass
def __await__(self):
pass
self.assertFalse(isinstance(CoroLike(), Coroutine))
self.assertFalse(issubclass(CoroLike, Coroutine))
def test_Hashable(self):
# Check some non-hashables
non_samples = [bytearray(), list(), set(), dict()]
for x in non_samples:
self.assertNotIsInstance(x, Hashable)
self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), Hashable), repr(type(x)))
# Check some hashables
samples = [None,
int(), float(), complex(),
str(),
tuple(), frozenset(),
int, list, object, type, bytes()
]
for x in samples:
self.assertIsInstance(x, Hashable)
self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(x), Hashable), repr(type(x)))
self.assertRaises(TypeError, Hashable)
# Check direct subclassing
class H(Hashable):
def __hash__(self):
return super().__hash__()
self.assertEqual(hash(H()), 0)
self.assertFalse(issubclass(int, H))
self.validate_abstract_methods(Hashable, '__hash__')
self.validate_isinstance(Hashable, '__hash__')
def test_AsyncIterable(self):
class AI:
def __aiter__(self):
return self
self.assertTrue(isinstance(AI(), AsyncIterable))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(AI, AsyncIterable))
# Check some non-iterables
non_samples = [None, object, []]
for x in non_samples:
self.assertNotIsInstance(x, AsyncIterable)
self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), AsyncIterable), repr(type(x)))
self.validate_abstract_methods(AsyncIterable, '__aiter__')
self.validate_isinstance(AsyncIterable, '__aiter__')
def test_AsyncIterator(self):
class AI:
def __aiter__(self):
return self
async def __anext__(self):
raise StopAsyncIteration
self.assertTrue(isinstance(AI(), AsyncIterator))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(AI, AsyncIterator))
non_samples = [None, object, []]
# Check some non-iterables
for x in non_samples:
self.assertNotIsInstance(x, AsyncIterator)
self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), AsyncIterator), repr(type(x)))
# Similarly to regular iterators (see issue 10565)
class AnextOnly:
async def __anext__(self):
raise StopAsyncIteration
self.assertNotIsInstance(AnextOnly(), AsyncIterator)
self.validate_abstract_methods(AsyncIterator, '__anext__', '__aiter__')
def test_Iterable(self):
# Check some non-iterables
non_samples = [None, 42, 3.14, 1j]
for x in non_samples:
self.assertNotIsInstance(x, Iterable)
self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), Iterable), repr(type(x)))
# Check some iterables
samples = [bytes(), str(),
tuple(), list(), set(), frozenset(), dict(),
dict().keys(), dict().items(), dict().values(),
_test_gen(),
(x for x in []),
]
for x in samples:
self.assertIsInstance(x, Iterable)
self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(x), Iterable), repr(type(x)))
# Check direct subclassing
class I(Iterable):
def __iter__(self):
return super().__iter__()
self.assertEqual(list(I()), [])
self.assertFalse(issubclass(str, I))
self.validate_abstract_methods(Iterable, '__iter__')
self.validate_isinstance(Iterable, '__iter__')
# Check None blocking
class It:
def __iter__(self): return iter([])
class ItBlocked(It):
__iter__ = None
self.assertTrue(issubclass(It, Iterable))
self.assertTrue(isinstance(It(), Iterable))
self.assertFalse(issubclass(ItBlocked, Iterable))