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java-util-map-HashMap.java
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java-util-map-HashMap.java
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--------------------
HashMap
|
--------------------
#
JDK
1.7
及以前使用
Hash
表
+
链表实现
#
JDK
1.8
及以后使用
Hash
表
+
红黑树实现
(
优化了查询效率
)
*
当触发了一定的条件后
,
会把链表转换为红黑树
#
Hash表的尺寸和容量非常的重要
*
一般来说
,
Hash表这个容器当有数据要插入时
,
都会检查容量有没有超过设定的thredhold
,
如果超过
,
需要增大hash表的尺寸
*
但是这样一来
,
整个hash表里的无素都需要被重算一遍
,
这叫rehash
,
这个成本相当的大
#
核心的成员变量
static
final
int
TREEIFY_THRESHOLD
=
8
;
*
用于判断是否需要将链表转换为红黑树的阈值
*
如果链表的长度大于了该值
,
大于了该值就会转换为红黑树
int
size
;
*
存储的数据数量
int
modCount
;
*
修改的次数
float
loadFactor
;
*
负载因子
,
决定了什么时候会触发扩容
容器大小
x
负载因子
=
触发扩容的大小
int
threshold
;
*
调整Map大小的下一个值
Node
<
K
,
V
>
[]
table
;
*
存放数据的数组
Set
<
Map
.
Entry
<
K
,
V
>>
entrySet
;
#
HashMap
在并发场景下使用时容易出现问题
*
多线程put操作后
,
get操作导致死循环
(
据说jdk8修复了这个问题
)
HashMap
<
String
,
String
>
map
=
new
HashMap
<
String
,
String
>();
for
(
int
i
=
0
;
i
<
1000
;
i
++) {
new
Thread
(
new
Runnable
() {
@
Override
public
void
run
() {
map
.
put
(
UUID
.
randomUUID
().
toString
(),
""
);
}
}).
start
();
}
*
HashMap
扩容的时候会调用
resize
()
方法
*
这里的并发操作容易在一个桶上形成环形链表
*
当获取一个不存在的
key
时
,
计算出的
index
正好是环形链表的下标就会出现死循环
*
多线程put非null元素后
,
get操作得到null值
(
导致元素丢失
,
这个问题jdk8没有修复
)
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