tyre

See also: Tyre and tyrē

English

assorted stacked automotive tyres

an antique pneumatic tyre mounted on a spoked wheel

These wheelwrights are putting a new metal tyre onto a wooden wheel; while it is hot it is expanded, and when it cools it contracts to grip the wheel.

Etymology 1

Attested in the sense “rim of a wheel” since ca. 1500. Generally considered to be a use of Middle English tir(e), a clipped byform of atir (“equipment, furnishings, ornament”), whence modern attire. A less accepted theory derives it from the verb to tie. The spelling tyre was predominant in the 16th century, but largely gave way to tire in the 17th and 18th, before it was revived again outside North America in the 19th century.

Alternative forms

• tire (US)

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /taɪə(ɹ)/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ)
• Homophones: tier, tire, (tar-tire-tower merger) tar, tower

Noun

tyre (plural tyres) (British spelling, Ireland, most of Commonwealth)

2. The ring-shaped protective covering around a wheel which is usually made of rubber or plastic composite and is either pneumatic or solid.

   pneumatic tyres

   runflat tyres

4. The metal rim, or metal covering on a rim, of a (wooden or metal) wheel, usually of steel or formerly wrought iron, as found on (horse-drawn or railway) carriages and wagons and on locomotives.

   Coordinate term: strakes

   iron tyres for the coach and iron shoes for the horse

   tyres and rails of steel, and every axle with roller bearings

   • 1960 April, “The braking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, page 237:

     It is also curious that whereas brake-blocks made of certain compositions (other than cast iron) offer improved coefficients of friction, their use can reduce adhesion, and thereby increase the liability to skid (doubtless by tending to polish the tyres) by as much as 20 per cent.

Derived terms

• all-season tyre
• all-weather tyre
• balloon tyre
• cushion tyre
• dry-weather tyre
• flat tyre
• pneumatic tyre
• radial tyre
• retyre
• snow tyre
• spare tyre
• spare tyre well
• studded tyre
• summer tyre
• tundra tyre
• tyre barrier
• tyre bead
• tyre biter
• tyre blanket
• tyre chain
• tyre gauge
• tyre iron
• tyre kicker
• tyreless
• tyre lever
• tyre-pressure
• tyre-pressure gauge
• tyre warmer
• wet-weather tyre
• winter tyre

Descendants

• → Chamorro: taia'
• → Japanese: タイヤ (taiya)
• → Korean: 타이어 (taieo)
• → Malay: tayar
• → Welsh: teiar

Translations

wheel covering

• Afrikaans: band (af)
• Albanian: gomë (sq) f
• Apache:

  Western Apache: bigan, bikeeʼ

• Arabic: إِطَار m (ʔiṭār)

  Egyptian Arabic: كاوتش m (kawétš)

  Hijazi Arabic: كفر m (kafar)

  Moroccan Arabic: پنوة f (pnuwwa)

  North Levantine Arabic: دولاب m (dōlāb, dawlāb)

• Armenian: անվադող (hy) (anvadoġ)
• Asturian: neumáticu m
• Azerbaijani: şin
• Basque: pneumatiko (eu)
• Belarusian: шы́на f (šýna), аўташы́на f (awtašýna)
• Bengali: টায়রা (bn) (ṭaẏora)
• Bulgarian: гу́ма f (gúma), автомоби́лна гу́ма f (avtomobílna gúma)
• Burmese: တာယာ (my) (taya)
• Catalan: neumàtic (ca) m, pneumàtic (ca) m
• Chamorro: taia'
• Cherokee: ᎠᏜᎠᏢᏗ (adlaatlvdi)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 輪軚 / 轮𮷗 (leon⁴ taai¹), 輪胎 / 轮胎 (leon⁴ toi¹)

  Mandarin: 輪胎 / 轮胎 (zh) (lúntāi), 車胎 / 车胎 (zh) (chētāi)

• Chuvash: шын (šyn)
• Cornish: bonden f
• Czech: pneumatika (cs) f
• Danish: dæk (da)
• Dutch: band (nl) m
• Esperanto: pneŭo, pneŭmatiko
• Estonian: rehv (et)
• Farefare: kɔba
• Faroese: dekk n
• Finnish: rengas (fi), (slang) nakki (fi)
• French: pneu (fr) m, pneumatique (fr) m
• Frisian:

  West Frisian: luchtbân

• Galician: pneumático (gl) m
• Georgian: საბურავი (saburavi)
• German: Reifen (de) m
• Greek: λάστιχο (el) n (lásticho), ελαστικό (el) n (elastikó), επίσωτρο (el) n (epísotro)
• Hebrew: צְמִיג m (tsmíg)
• Hindi: पहिया (hi) m (pahiyā), टायर m (ṭāyar)
• Hmong:

  White Hmong: log

• Hungarian: gumi (hu), autógumi (hu) (on cars), bicikligumi, kerékpárgumi (hu) (on bicycles)
• Hunsrik: Pnëu n
• Icelandic: dekk (is) n, hjólbarði m
• Ido: bandajo (io)
• Indonesian: ban (id)
• Irish: aerbhonn m (pneumatic)
• Italian: gomma (it) m, pneumatico (it) m
• Japanese: タイヤ (ja) (taiya)
• Kazakh: шина (šıyna)
• Khmer: កៅស៊ូ (km) (kawsuu), កង់ (km) (kɑng) (colloquial)
• Korean: 타이어 (ko) (taieo)
• Kyrgyz: шина (ky) (şina)
• Ladin: montl m
• Lao: ຢາງລົດ (yāng lot), ຢາງລໍ້ (yāng lǭ)
• Latvian: riepa f
• Lingala: pinɛ́
• Lithuanian: padanga m
• Luxembourgish: Pneu m
• Macedonian: гу́ма (mk) f (gúma), автомоби́лска гу́ма f (avtomobílska gúma)
• Malay: tayar (ms) (Malaysia, Singapore); ban (ms) (Riau)
• Malayalam: ടയർ (ml) (ṭayaṟ)
• Manx: crou f
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: дугуй (mn) (dugui)

• Navajo: akeeʼ
• Norman: tyeur m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: dekk n, bilgummi m

  Nynorsk: dekk n, bilgummi m

• Occitan: pneumatic (oc)
• Pashto: ټاير m (ṭāyr), ټېر m (ṭayr)
• Persian:

  Iranian Persian: لاسْتیک (lâstik), تایِر (tâyer)

• Plautdietsch: Reif f
• Polish: opona (pl) f, guma (pl) f (colloquial)
• Portuguese: pneu (pt) m
• Romanian: pneu (ro) n, cauciuc (ro) n
• Russian: автомоби́льная ши́на f (avtomobílʹnaja šína), ши́на (ru) f (šína), покры́шка (ru) f (pokrýška), автоши́на (ru) f (avtošína)
• Scottish Gaelic: taidhr f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: гу̏ма f

  Latin: gȕma (sh) f

• Sindhi: ٽائر (ṭār)
• Sinhalese: ටයර් (ṭayar)
• Slovak: pneumatika f
• Slovene: pnevmatika f
• Spanish: neumático (es) m (especially Chile and Spain - formal usage in other countries), caucho (es) m (Venezuela), cubierta (es) f (Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay), goma (es) f (Caribbean Islands), llanta (es) f (Latin America), rueda (es) f (Spain)
• Swahili: gurudumu (sw), tairi (sw)
• Swedish: däck (sv)
• Tagalog: gulong, goma
• Tajik: шина (šina)
• Tamil: வட்டகை (ta) (vaṭṭakai)
• Taos: ùlitʼáwaną
• Thai: ยางรถยนต์ (yaang rót yon), ยางรถ (yaang-rót), ยางล้อ
• Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
• Turkish: lastik (tr)
• Turkmen: şin, pokryşka
• Tuvan: please add this translation if you can
• Ukrainian: ши́на (uk) f (šýna), автоши́на f (avtošýna), гу́ма f (húma)
• Urdu: ٹائِر m (ṭāir)
• Uyghur: چاق (chaq), بالون (balon)
• Uzbek: shina (uz)
• Vietnamese: vỏ (vi), lốp (vi)
• Welsh: teiar m
• Yiddish: רייף m or f (reyf)
• Zhuang: daici

Verb

tyre (third-person singular simple present tyres, present participle tyring, simple past and past participle tyred)

1. (transitive) To fit tyres to (a vehicle).
   • 1929, The Listener, numbers 41-50, page 552:

     The circular iron platform over there is used in the task of tyring the wheels, a warm job, too, by the way.

Derived terms

• retyre
• tyreable

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Tamil தயிர் (tayir), itself from Sanskrit दधि (dádhi). Doublet of dahi.

Noun

tyre (uncountable)

1. (India) Curdled milk.
   • 1809, The Annual Register, Or, A View of the History, Politics, […] ‎^[1], page 954:

     The boiled milk, that the family has not used, is allowed to cool in the same vessel; and a little of the former days tyre, or curdled milk, is added to promote its coagulation, and the acid fermentation. Next morning it has become tyre, or coagulated acid milk.

Etymology 3

Possibly a shortening of attire; or metathetically from a tire, with the 'a' viewed as indefinite article a.

Noun

tyre (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) Attire.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     And feeble nature cloth'd with fleshly tyre

   • 1630, Michael Drayton, The Muses Elizium, Lately diſcouered, by a New Way over Parnassvs, London: Thomas Harper, page 67:

     But for a dreſſing for her head
     I thinke for her I haue a Tyer,
     That all Fayryes ſhall admyre.

Verb

tyre (third-person singular simple present tyres, present participle tyring, simple past and past participle tyred)

1. (obsolete) To adorn.

References

• “tyre”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Anagrams

• reyt, tyer, Tyer, Trey, trey, trye

Albanian

Alternative forms

• tyne [tynɛ] (Gheg)

Determiner

i tyre m (feminine e tyre, masculine plural e tyre, feminine plural e tyre)

1. their

Declension

Declension of i tyre

	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
nominative	i tyre	e tyre	e tyre	e tyre
accusative	e tyre	e tyre	e tyre	e tyre
dative/ablative	të tyre	së tyre	të tyre	të tyre

See also

Albanian possessive determiners and pronouns

pronouns
possessor				possessee
case	no.	person		m sg.	f sg.	m pl.	f pl.
nominative	sg.	1st		imi	imja	të mitë	të miat
		2nd		yti	jotja	të tutë	të tuat
		3rd	m	i tiji	e tija	të tijtë	të tijat
			f	i saji	e saja	të sajtë	të sajat
	pl.	1st		yni	jona	tanët	tonat
		2nd		juaji	juaja	tuajt	tuajat
		3rd		i tyri	e tyrja	të tyret
	3rd reflexive			i veti	e veta	të vetët	të vetat
accusative	sg.	1st		timin	timen	të mitë	të miat
		2nd		tëndin	tënden	të tutë	të tuat
		3rd	m	të tijin	të tijën	të tijtë	të tijat
			f	të sajin	të sajën	të sajtë	të sajat
	pl.	1st		tonin	tonën	tanët	tonat
		2nd		tuajin	tuajën	tuajt	tuajat
		3rd		të tyrin	të tyren	të tyret
	3rd reflexive			të vetin	të vetën	të vetët	të vetat
dative/ ablative	sg.	1st		timit	simes	të mive	të miave
		2nd		tëndit	sates	të tuve	të tuave
		3rd	m	të tijit	të tijës	së tijve	të tijave
			f	të sajit	të sajës	të sajve	të sajave
	pl.	1st		tonit	sonës	tanëve	tonave
		2nd		tuajit	suajës	tuajve	tuajave
		3rd		të tyrit	të tyres	të tyreve
	3rd reflexive			të vetit	së vetës	të vetëve	të vetave
determiners
possessor				possessee
case	no.	person		m sg.	f sg.	m pl.	f pl.
nominative	sg.	1st		im	ime	e mi	e mia
		2nd		yt	jote / jot	e tu	e tua
		3rd	m	i tij	e tij	e tij	e tija
			f	i saj	e saj	e saj	e saja
	pl.	1st		ynë	jonë	tanë	tona
		2nd		juaj		tuaj	tuaja
		3rd		i tyre	e tyre	e tyre
	3rd reflexive			i vet	e vet	e vet	e veta
accusative	sg.	1st		tim	time	e mi	e mia
		2nd		tënd / tët	tënde / tët	e tu	e tua
		3rd	m	e tij		e tij	e tija
			f	e saj		e saj	e saja
	pl.	1st		tonë		tanë	tona
		2nd		tuaj		tuaj	tuaja
		3rd		e tyre
	3rd reflexive			e vet		e vet	e veta
dative/ ablative	sg.	1st		tim	sime	të mi	të mia
		2nd		tënd / tyt	sate / sat	të tu	të tua
		3rd	m	të tij	së tij	të tij	të tija
			f	të saj	së saj	të saj	të saja
	pl.	1st		tonë	sonë	tanë	tona
		2nd		tuaj	suaj	tuaj	tuaja
		3rd		të tyre	së tyre	të tyre
	3rd reflexive			të vet	së vet	të vet	të veta

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtˢyːɐ]

Etymology 1

Derived from the noun tyr (“bull”).

Verb

tyre (imperative tyr, infinitive at tyre, present tense tyrer, past tense tyrede, perfect tense har tyret)

1. grind away at
2. put down
3. kick violently

Inflection

Conjugation of tyre

active passive infinitive tyre tyres present tyrer tyres past tyrede tyredes imperative tyr — participle present tyrende past (have / havde) tyret gerund tyren

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

tyre c

1. indefinite plural of tyr

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• tyri

Etymology

From Old Norse tyr(v)i n, from Proto-Germanic *terwią. Compare Swedish törve. Probably related to tjære.

Noun

tyre m or n (definite singular tyren or tyret, indefinite plural tyrar or tyre, definite plural tyrane or tyra)

1. fatwood

Derived terms

• tyrihjelm
• tyristake
• tyrispik

See also

• gadd
• lysterkorg

References

• “tyre”, in Norsk Ordbok: Ordbok over det Norske Folkemålet og det Nynorske Skriftmålet (in Norwegian Nynorsk), Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget, 1950–2016, →ISBN.
• “tyre” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring

Anagrams

• ryte, yret, ytre