kana

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kana"

Languages (49)

English

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Page categories

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Japanese 仮名(かな) (kana, “phonetic character”, literally “borrowed character”, from the way that kana were originally Chinese characters "borrowed" for their phonetic values).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑːnə/, [ˈkʰɑːnə]

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːnə

Noun

kana (plural kana or kanas)

1. The hiragana and katakana syllabaries. These are made up of characters that represent individual syllables, which are used to write Japanese words and particles. Kana are derived from kanji.
2. A hiragana or katakana character.

Related terms

• furigana
• hiragana
• kana-majiri
• katakana
• manyogana

Translations

Japanese syllabaries

• Arabic: كَانَا (ar) f (kānā)
• Belarusian: ка́на f (kána)
• Bulgarian: ка́на (bg) f (kána)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 假名 (zh) (jiǎmíng)

• Czech: kana (cs) f
• Finnish: kana (fi)
• French: kana (fr) m
• German: Kana f
• Greek: κάνα (el) f (kána)
• Hebrew: קאנה f (kána)
• Hindi: काना (hi) m (kānā)
• Japanese: 仮名 (ja) (かな, kana)
• Korean: 가나 (ko) (gana)
• Macedonian: ка́на f (kána)
• Malay: kana (ms)
• Marathi: काना m (kānā)
• Mongolian: кана (kana)
• Persian: کانا (fa) (kânâ)
• Polish: kana (pl) f
• Portuguese: kana (pt) m
• Russian: ка́на (ru) f (kána)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: кана f

  Latin: kana (sh) f

• Spanish: kana (es) m
• Tajik: кана (kana)
• Thai: คานะ (th) (kaa-ná)
• Ukrainian: ка́на f (kána)
• Urdu: کانا (kānā)
• Vietnamese: kana (vi)

Etymology 2

Verb

kana (invariable)

1. (Singapore, Singlish) Alternative form of kena.

Anagrams

• Akan, knaa, naka

Apalaí

Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *kana (“fish”).

Noun

kana

1. fish

Atong (India)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kana/

Noun

kana (Bengali script কানা)

1. blind person

References

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

Balinese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kanə/
• Hyphenation: ka‧na

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Javanese kana (“bangle, bracelet”).

Noun

kana (Balinese script ᬓᬦ)

1. bracelet

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit कना (kanā, “girl”).

Noun

kana (Balinese script ᬓᬦᬵ)

1. girl

Bangi

Verb

kana

1. to decide

Big Nambas

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkana/

Pronoun

kana

1. I

References

• Fox, G.J. (1979), Big Nambas Grammar (Pacific Linguistics; B-60)‎^[2], Canberra, ACT: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, →ISBN, page 30
• Dodd, R.R. (2014), V’ënen Taut: Grammatical topics in the Big Nambas language of Malekula‎^[3], Hamilton, New Zealand: University of Waikato, page 33

Blin

Other scripts

Latin		kana
Ge'ez		ካና (kana)

Etymology

From Proto-Agaw *kan-[a] ("tree, wood"). Cognate with Awngi ከኒ (käni).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kana/

Noun

kana (plural kan)

1. tree

References

• Reinisch, Leo (1887), Wörterbuch der Bilin-Sprache (in German), Wien, Austria, page 221

Breton

Etymology

From Middle Breton canaff, from Proto-Brythonic *kėnɨd (compare Welsh canu), from Proto-Celtic *kaneti (“to sing”) (compare Irish canadh), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-.

Verb

kana

1. to sing

Mutation

Mutation of kana

unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
kana	gana	c'hana	unchanged	unchanged

Cebuano

Alternative forms

• na — short form, only used mid-sentence

Etymology

Initial "ka-" is shared with other demonstratives kari (“this”), kani (“this”) and kadto (“that”). Related to dinha (“there”), nganha (“hither”), anaa (“there be”), and anha (“to go”), in a similar pattern with other Cebuano demonstrative pronouns. Compare Hiligaynon ina, Tagalog iyan.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Cebuano) IPA^(key): /kaˈnaʔ/ [kaˈn̪aʔ]
• Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: ka‧na

Adverb

kanâ

1. that (near the listener)

See also

Cebuano demonstrative pronouns

	direct*		indirect*		oblique	locative	allative	existential**		destination	interjection**		manner**
	full	short	full	short				full	short		full	short	full	short
near speaker***	kirí karí	ri	niiri niari	iri ari	kan-ari† kan-iri†	dirí	ngarí	adia	dia	arí	diará	dará	ingon iri ingon ari	ing-ari in-ari
near speaker and listener***	kiní kaní	ni	niini niani	ini ani	kan-ani† kan-ini†	dinhi	nganhi	ania	nia	anhi	niará	nará	ingon ini ingon ani	ing-ani in-ani
near listener	kanâ	nà	nianà	anà	kan-anà†	dinhà dirâ	nganhà ngarâ	anaa	naa	anhà	naará	nará	ingon anà	ing-anà in-anà
remote	kadto kató	to	niadto niato	adto ato	kan-adto†	didto	ngadto	atua	tua	adto	tuará	turá	ingon adto ingon ato	ing-ato in-ato

^† Archaic
* When the demonstrative is used as a predicate, the full form must be used. Short forms never start sentences.
** Full and short forms used interchangeably. Full forms may be more formal, while short forms may be more colloquial.
*** These two series may be conflated in colloquial Cebuano.

Chuukese

Determiner

kana

1. (possessive subject marker) those

Related terms

• ekkana

Cornish

Etymology

From Middle Cornish cane, from Proto-Brythonic *kėnɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kaneti, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-. Cognate with Breton kana, Irish and Scottish Gaelic can, and Welsh canu.

Verb

kana

1. to sing

Conjugation

Conjugation of kana

		singular			plural			impersonal
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present/future	kanav	kenydh	kan	kenyn	kenowgh	kanons	kenir
	preterite	kenis	kensys	kanas	kensyn	kensowgh	kansons	kanas
	imperfect	kanen	kanes	kana	kanen	kanewgh	kanens	kenys
	pluperfect	kansen	kanses	kansa	kansen	kansewgh	kansens	kensys
subjunctive	present/future	kynniv	kynni	kanno	kynnyn	kynnowgh	kannons	kanner
	imperfect	kannen	kannes	kanna	kannen	kannewgh	kannens	kynnys
imperative		—	kan	kanes	kenyn	kanewgh	kanens	—
non-finites		present participle			verbal adjective
		ow kana			kenys

Derived terms

• kan (“song, poem”)

Mutation

Mutation of kana

radical	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
kana	gana	hana	unchanged	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkana]

Verb

kana

1. masculine singular present transgressive of kanout

Estonian

Kana

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kana, from Proto-Germanic *hanô. Cognates include Finnish kana.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑ]
• Hyphenation: ka‧na
• Rhymes: -ɑnɑ

Noun

kana (genitive kana, partitive kana)

1. chicken

   kana hakkliha ― chicken minced meat

2. (specifically) hen

Declension

Declension of kana (ÕS type 17u/saba, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		kana	kanad
accusative	nom.
	gen.	kana
genitive			kanade
partitive		kana	kanu kanasid
illative		kanna kanasse	kanadesse kanusse
inessive		kanas	kanades kanus
elative		kanast	kanadest kanust
allative		kanale	kanadele kanule
adessive		kanal	kanadel kanul
ablative		kanalt	kanadelt kanult
translative		kanaks	kanadeks kanuks
terminative		kanani	kanadeni
essive		kanana	kanadena
abessive		kanata	kanadeta
comitative		kanaga	kanadega

Derived terms

• kanamuna

See also

• kukk

References

• “kana”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN

Fijian

Etymology

From Proto-Central Pacific *kana, from Proto-Oceanic *kana, from *kani, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *kan, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *kan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən.

Verb

kana (transitive kania)

1. to eat, to consume (food)

   Sa kana vinaka. Mai kana!

   It tastes good. Come eat!

2. (figurative) to consume, to corrode, to eat away

   E kana e loma vei au na nomu vosa.

   Your words hurt me.

   (literally, “Your words eat away inside me.”)

Noun

kana

1. meal

   Synonym: kakana

   Sa oti na kana vakayakavi.

   The evening meal is finished.

2. food, eating

   Synonym: kakana

   Sa dede tiko na kana.

   The food is taking a long time.

Derived terms

• ikanakana (“taste, flavour, food-garden land”)
• kakana (“food, meal”)
• kana bui ni vuaka (restless child, literally “to eat pig's tail”) (idiom)
• kana cagi (“to eat nothing, to skip a meal”, literally “to eat the wind”)
• kana kuita (“to beat, to thrash”, literally “to eat octopus”)
• kana vosa (“to take verbal abuse”)
• kana-sese (“pregnancy cravings”)
• kanace (“blue-spot mullet”)
• kanakana (“pasture, food garden”)
• kanakana ca, kana lo (“to eat alone secretly”) (bad manners)
• kanaki (“dirty, unkempt”)
• kanalevu (“glutton, tasteless”)
• kanamoce (“to eat and sleep, to be lazy”)
• kanavalavala (“temple (of head), lower jaw”)
• kanavata (“shared meal”)
• kanavoro (“to overeat”)
• kanawai, kana wai (“to lose badly”, literally “to eat water”)
• laukana (“edible”)
• masu ni kana (“grace before meal”)
• matai via kana vuaka (person only interested in reward, literally “carpenter who wants to eat pork”) (idiom)
• rokoroko vakanace (“fail to show proper respect”, literally “show respect like a mullet”)
• sa kua la na kana! (flattery to pretty girl) (implies her beauty takes away appetite)
• vaka ikanakana (“edible, tasty”)
• vakania (“to feed”)
• veikanayaki (“to eat here and there”)

Related terms

• kani (“afflicted, weakened”)
• veikanikani (“cannibalism”)

References

• Gatty, Ronald (2009), “kana”, in Fijian–English Dictionary‎^[4], Suva, Fiji: Ronald Gatty, →ISBN, pages 103–4

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝nɑ̝]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑnɑ
• Syllabification^(key): ka‧na
• Hyphenation^(key): ka‧na

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *kana (compare Estonian kana), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hanô (“rooster, cock”) (compare German Hahn).

Noun

kana

1. chicken (domestic fowl of species Gallus gallus, Gallus domesticus)

   Synonym: (informal) kaakattaja

   Hyponym: siipikarja

   kanalintu ― gallinaceous bird

   Kanoja pidetään karjana niiden lihan ja munien vuoksi.

   Chickens are kept as livestock for their meat and eggs.

   1. chicken (meat from this bird eaten as food)

      Synonym: kananliha

      Söin päivälliseksi kanaa.

      I had chicken for dinner.

2. hen (female chicken)

   Coordinate term: kukko

   Kanalassa on paljon kanoja, mutta usein vain yksi kukko.

   A henhouse has many hens, but usually only one rooster.

3. hen (female of other bird species, particularly a sexually mature female fowl)
4. (derogatory) An unintelligent, talkative woman.

   Synonym: kanamainen nainen

5. (archaic, poetic) woman, sweetheart

   Synonyms: kulta, rakastajatar, vaimo, nainen

   • 1835, Elias Lönnrot, Kalevala:

     Sanoi Pohjolan emäntä, itse lausui, noin nimesi:/ Kummallenp’ on mielit mennä, kun tulevat tahtomahan/ ikuiseksi ystäväksi, kainaloiseksi kanaksi?

     Said the mistress of Pohjola, stated herself, thus worded:/ To which one do you want to go, when they come to woo you/ to be their eternal friend, a chicken under their arm?

Usage notes

The word kana usually refers to a mature bird. The Finnish translation for "chicken" in the sense "young hen" is kananpoika or broileri.

Declension

Inflection of kana (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		kana	kanat
genitive		kanan	kanojen
partitive		kanaa	kanoja
illative		kanaan	kanoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kana	kanat
accusative	nom.	kana	kanat
	gen.	kanan
genitive		kanan	kanojen kanain rare
partitive		kanaa	kanoja
inessive		kanassa	kanoissa
elative		kanasta	kanoista
illative		kanaan	kanoihin
adessive		kanalla	kanoilla
ablative		kanalta	kanoilta
allative		kanalle	kanoille
essive		kanana	kanoina
translative		kanaksi	kanoiksi
abessive		kanatta	kanoitta
instructive		—	kanoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of kana (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kanani kanani accusative nom. kanani kanani gen. kanani genitive kanani kanojeni kanaini rare partitive kanaani kanojani inessive kanassani kanoissani elative kanastani kanoistani illative kanaani kanoihini adessive kanallani kanoillani ablative kanaltani kanoiltani allative kanalleni kanoilleni essive kananani kanoinani translative kanakseni kanoikseni abessive kanattani kanoittani instructive — — comitative — kanoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kanasi kanasi accusative nom. kanasi kanasi gen. kanasi genitive kanasi kanojesi kanaisi rare partitive kanaasi kanojasi inessive kanassasi kanoissasi elative kanastasi kanoistasi illative kanaasi kanoihisi adessive kanallasi kanoillasi ablative kanaltasi kanoiltasi allative kanallesi kanoillesi essive kananasi kanoinasi translative kanaksesi kanoiksesi abessive kanattasi kanoittasi instructive — — comitative — kanoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kanamme kanamme accusative nom. kanamme kanamme gen. kanamme genitive kanamme kanojemme kanaimme rare partitive kanaamme kanojamme inessive kanassamme kanoissamme elative kanastamme kanoistamme illative kanaamme kanoihimme adessive kanallamme kanoillamme ablative kanaltamme kanoiltamme allative kanallemme kanoillemme essive kananamme kanoinamme translative kanaksemme kanoiksemme abessive kanattamme kanoittamme instructive — — comitative — kanoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kananne kananne accusative nom. kananne kananne gen. kananne genitive kananne kanojenne kanainne rare partitive kanaanne kanojanne inessive kanassanne kanoissanne elative kanastanne kanoistanne illative kanaanne kanoihinne adessive kanallanne kanoillanne ablative kanaltanne kanoiltanne allative kanallenne kanoillenne essive kanananne kanoinanne translative kanaksenne kanoiksenne abessive kanattanne kanoittanne instructive — — comitative — kanoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kanansa kanansa accusative nom. kanansa kanansa gen. kanansa genitive kanansa kanojensa kanainsa rare partitive kanaansa kanojaan kanojansa inessive kanassaan kanassansa kanoissaan kanoissansa elative kanastaan kanastansa kanoistaan kanoistansa illative kanaansa kanoihinsa adessive kanallaan kanallansa kanoillaan kanoillansa ablative kanaltaan kanaltansa kanoiltaan kanoiltansa allative kanalleen kanallensa kanoilleen kanoillensa essive kananaan kananansa kanoinaan kanoinansa translative kanakseen kanaksensa kanoikseen kanoiksensa abessive kanattaan kanattansa kanoittaan kanoittansa instructive — — comitative — kanoineen kanoinensa

Derived terms

• joskus se sokeakin kana jyvän löytää
• kana kynimättä
• kana kynittävänä
• kanala
• kanamainen
• kanan muisti
• kananen
• kanukka
• kuin päätön kana

compounds

• aitokana
• arokana
• currykana
• helmikana
• häkkikana
• isojalkakana
• kalkkunakana
• kanaemo
• kanafilee
• kanafondi
• kanahampurilainen
• kanahaukka
• kanahäkki
• kanakarja
• kanakastike
• kanakeitto
• kanakoira
• kanakolera
• kanakoppi
• kanakori
• kanalasagne
• kanalauma
• kanaliemi
• kanalintu
• kananaivo
• kananaivoinen
• kananhoito
• kananjalostus
• kanankaali
• kanankakka
• kanankasvattaja
• kanankirppu
• kanankoipi
• kananlanta
• kananliha
• kananmaksa
• kananmuna
• Kananoja
• kananpaisti
• kananpaska
• kananpesä
• kananpoika
• kananpoikanen
• kananpää
• kananrehu
• kananrinta
• kananruoka
• kanansiipi
• kananugetti
• kananugget
• kanapala
• kanaparvi
• kanapata
• kanapihvi
• kanapiiras
• kanapoikanen
• kanapyörykkä
• kanarisotto
• kanarotu
• kanaruoka
• kanarutto
• kanasalaatti
• kanatalous
• kanatarha
• kanatuberkuloosi
• kanatäi
• kanavaras
• kanaverkko
• kanaviillokki
• kanaviilokki
• karrikana
• kekokana
• kesäkana
• koristekana
• kääpiökana
• lattiakana
• leghornkana
• liejukana
• luhtakana
• lumikana
• maatiaiskana
• malleekana
• mehtikana
• metsäkana
• munituskana
• nokikana
• peltokana
• preeriakana
• purppurakana
• rantakana
• riekkokana
• riikinkana
• silkkikana
• sitruunakana
• sulttaanikana
• teerikana
• uikkukana
• ulkokana
• viidakkokana
• voikana

See also

• kaakattaa
• kotkottaa
• kynä (“feather”)

Further reading

• “kana”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[5] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 仮名(かな) (kana).

Noun

kana

1. kana (Japanese syllabary)

Declension

Inflection of kana (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		kana	kanat
genitive		kanan	kanojen
partitive		kanaa	kanoja
illative		kanaan	kanoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kana	kanat
accusative	nom.	kana	kanat
	gen.	kanan
genitive		kanan	kanojen kanain rare
partitive		kanaa	kanoja
inessive		kanassa	kanoissa
elative		kanasta	kanoista
illative		kanaan	kanoihin
adessive		kanalla	kanoilla
ablative		kanalta	kanoilta
allative		kanalle	kanoille
essive		kanana	kanoina
translative		kanaksi	kanoiksi
abessive		kanatta	kanoitta
instructive		—	kanoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of kana (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kanani kanani accusative nom. kanani kanani gen. kanani genitive kanani kanojeni kanaini rare partitive kanaani kanojani inessive kanassani kanoissani elative kanastani kanoistani illative kanaani kanoihini adessive kanallani kanoillani ablative kanaltani kanoiltani allative kanalleni kanoilleni essive kananani kanoinani translative kanakseni kanoikseni abessive kanattani kanoittani instructive — — comitative — kanoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kanasi kanasi accusative nom. kanasi kanasi gen. kanasi genitive kanasi kanojesi kanaisi rare partitive kanaasi kanojasi inessive kanassasi kanoissasi elative kanastasi kanoistasi illative kanaasi kanoihisi adessive kanallasi kanoillasi ablative kanaltasi kanoiltasi allative kanallesi kanoillesi essive kananasi kanoinasi translative kanaksesi kanoiksesi abessive kanattasi kanoittasi instructive — — comitative — kanoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kanamme kanamme accusative nom. kanamme kanamme gen. kanamme genitive kanamme kanojemme kanaimme rare partitive kanaamme kanojamme inessive kanassamme kanoissamme elative kanastamme kanoistamme illative kanaamme kanoihimme adessive kanallamme kanoillamme ablative kanaltamme kanoiltamme allative kanallemme kanoillemme essive kananamme kanoinamme translative kanaksemme kanoiksemme abessive kanattamme kanoittamme instructive — — comitative — kanoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kananne kananne accusative nom. kananne kananne gen. kananne genitive kananne kanojenne kanainne rare partitive kanaanne kanojanne inessive kanassanne kanoissanne elative kanastanne kanoistanne illative kanaanne kanoihinne adessive kanallanne kanoillanne ablative kanaltanne kanoiltanne allative kanallenne kanoillenne essive kanananne kanoinanne translative kanaksenne kanoiksenne abessive kanattanne kanoittanne instructive — — comitative — kanoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kanansa kanansa accusative nom. kanansa kanansa gen. kanansa genitive kanansa kanojensa kanainsa rare partitive kanaansa kanojaan kanojansa inessive kanassaan kanassansa kanoissaan kanoissansa elative kanastaan kanastansa kanoistaan kanoistansa illative kanaansa kanoihinsa adessive kanallaan kanallansa kanoillaan kanoillansa ablative kanaltaan kanaltansa kanoiltaan kanoiltansa allative kanalleen kanallensa kanoilleen kanoillensa essive kananaan kananansa kanoinaan kanoinansa translative kanakseen kanaksensa kanoikseen kanoiksensa abessive kanattaan kanattansa kanoittaan kanoittansa instructive — — comitative — kanoineen kanoinensa

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Old Swedish kana.

Noun

kana (dialectal, Lapland, Kymenlaakso)

1. synonym of kokka (“bow of a boat”)

Declension

Inflection of kana (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		kana	kanat
genitive		kanan	kanojen
partitive		kanaa	kanoja
illative		kanaan	kanoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kana	kanat
accusative	nom.	kana	kanat
	gen.	kanan
genitive		kanan	kanojen kanain rare
partitive		kanaa	kanoja
inessive		kanassa	kanoissa
elative		kanasta	kanoista
illative		kanaan	kanoihin
adessive		kanalla	kanoilla
ablative		kanalta	kanoilta
allative		kanalle	kanoille
essive		kanana	kanoina
translative		kanaksi	kanoiksi
abessive		kanatta	kanoitta
instructive		—	kanoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of kana (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kanani kanani accusative nom. kanani kanani gen. kanani genitive kanani kanojeni kanaini rare partitive kanaani kanojani inessive kanassani kanoissani elative kanastani kanoistani illative kanaani kanoihini adessive kanallani kanoillani ablative kanaltani kanoiltani allative kanalleni kanoilleni essive kananani kanoinani translative kanakseni kanoikseni abessive kanattani kanoittani instructive — — comitative — kanoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kanasi kanasi accusative nom. kanasi kanasi gen. kanasi genitive kanasi kanojesi kanaisi rare partitive kanaasi kanojasi inessive kanassasi kanoissasi elative kanastasi kanoistasi illative kanaasi kanoihisi adessive kanallasi kanoillasi ablative kanaltasi kanoiltasi allative kanallesi kanoillesi essive kananasi kanoinasi translative kanaksesi kanoiksesi abessive kanattasi kanoittasi instructive — — comitative — kanoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kanamme kanamme accusative nom. kanamme kanamme gen. kanamme genitive kanamme kanojemme kanaimme rare partitive kanaamme kanojamme inessive kanassamme kanoissamme elative kanastamme kanoistamme illative kanaamme kanoihimme adessive kanallamme kanoillamme ablative kanaltamme kanoiltamme allative kanallemme kanoillemme essive kananamme kanoinamme translative kanaksemme kanoiksemme abessive kanattamme kanoittamme instructive — — comitative — kanoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kananne kananne accusative nom. kananne kananne gen. kananne genitive kananne kanojenne kanainne rare partitive kanaanne kanojanne inessive kanassanne kanoissanne elative kanastanne kanoistanne illative kanaanne kanoihinne adessive kanallanne kanoillanne ablative kanaltanne kanoiltanne allative kanallenne kanoillenne essive kanananne kanoinanne translative kanaksenne kanoiksenne abessive kanattanne kanoittanne instructive — — comitative — kanoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kanansa kanansa accusative nom. kanansa kanansa gen. kanansa genitive kanansa kanojensa kanainsa rare partitive kanaansa kanojaan kanojansa inessive kanassaan kanassansa kanoissaan kanoissansa elative kanastaan kanastansa kanoistaan kanoistansa illative kanaansa kanoihinsa adessive kanallaan kanallansa kanoillaan kanoillansa ablative kanaltaan kanaltansa kanoiltaan kanoiltansa allative kanalleen kanallensa kanoilleen kanoillensa essive kananaan kananansa kanoinaan kanoinansa translative kanakseen kanaksensa kanoikseen kanoiksensa abessive kanattaan kanattansa kanoittaan kanoittansa instructive — — comitative — kanoineen kanoinensa

Derived terms

compounds

• peräkanaa

Anagrams

• -kaan, akan

French

Pronunciation

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

Noun

kana m (plural kanas)

1. kana

Further reading

• “kana”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Hanunoo

Etymology

Compare Tagalog kina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkana/ [ˈkɐ.na]
• Rhymes: -ana
• Syllabification: ka‧na

Preposition

kana (Hanunoo spelling ᜣᜨ)

1. used to mark oblique cases of personal nouns: to; toward; of; from; etc.

   kana Gawid ― to/for/of/from Gawid and his companions, family, etc.

Usage notes

• Used for multiple people. When referring to a single person, use kan.
• Even if only one person's name was mentioned, a group of people that includes person is implied.

Further reading

• Conklin, Harold C. (1953), Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 139

Ingrian

Kana.

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Estonian kana.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑˑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑˑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑnɑ
• Hyphenation: ka‧na

Noun

kana

1. hen
   • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:

     Kana, ka-ka-ka, na, mama, kana.

     A hen, cluck cluck cluck, here, mommy, a hen.

   • 1936, V. I. Junus, P. L. Maksimov, Inkeroisin keelen oppikirja alkuşkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 4:

     Kana kaakatta. Sika röhkää.

     A hen cackles. A pig oinks.

   • 1937, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 80:

     Kanan äänee jooksi pertist Darja-ämmä.

     Granny Darja ran out of the cottage towards the sound of the hen.

Declension

Declension of kana (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	kana	kanat
genitive	kanan	kannoin
partitive	kannaa	kanoja
illative	kannaa	kannoi
inessive	kanas	kanois
elative	kanast	kanoist
allative	kanalle	kanoille
adessive	kanal	kanoil
ablative	kanalt	kanoilt
translative	kanaks	kanoiks
essive	kananna, kannaan	kanoinna, kannoin
exessive1)	kanant	kanoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Soikkola declension of kana
	singular	plural
nominative	kana	kanat
genitive	kanan	kannoin
partitive	kannaa	kannooja
illative	kannaa	kannoi
inessive	kanas	kanois
elative	kanast	kanoist
allative	kanalle	kanoille
adessive	kanal	kanoil
ablative	kanalt	kanoilt
translative	kanaks	kanoiks
essive	kannaan	kannoin
exessive1)	kannaant	kannoint
1) Obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)

Coordinate terms

• kukko (“rooster”)

Derived terms

• (diminutive) kanain

• bankivakana
• emäkana
• kanahanhi
• kanajoukko
• kananhaukka
• kananmuna
• kanansilmä
• kanaporoda
• kanasakkeli
• kotikana
• metsokana

References

• Fedor Tumansky (1790), “кана”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 681
• V. I. Junus (1936), Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[6], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 58
• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 130
• Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014), Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎^[7], →ISBN, page 79

Japanese

Romanization

kana

1. Rōmaji transcription of かな

Javanese

Javanese writing system
Carakan	ꦏꦤ
Pegon
Roman	kana

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adverb

Javanese register set
ꦏꦿꦩ (krama): ngrika
ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ (ngoko): kana

kana

1. over there

References

• Favre, Pierre (1870), “ꦏꦤ​”, in Dictionnaire javanais-français‎^[8] (in French), Paris: Imprimerie Impériale et Royale, page 126
• Horne, Elinor Clark (1974), “kana”, in English Javanese Vocabulary, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, page 254

Kamba

Kamba cardinal numbers

<  3	4	5  >
Cardinal : kana

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nàì.

Numeral

kana

1. four

Kamba Number Inflections

Noun Class	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
singular	Mundu	Muti	Numba	Kimanda	Itumbi	Uwathi	Kaindo	Wandu	Kuthaima
One - mondi	mondi	mmondi	mondi	kimondi	imondi	mondi	kamondi	wamondi	kumondi
plural	Andu	Miti	Numba	Imanda	Matumbi	Mbathi	Tuindo	Wandu	Kuthaima
Two - keri	aeri	yeri	yiri	iyiri	mairi	yiri	twiri	wairi	kwiri
Three - kadatu	adatu	midatu	datu	idatu	madatu	datu	tudatu	wadetu	kudatu
Four - kana	akana	mina	kana	ina	mana	kana	twana	wana	kwana
Five - kathano	athano	mithano	thano	ithano	mathano	thano	tuthano	wathano	kuthano
Six - thandatu	thandatu	thandato	thandatu	thandatu	thandatu	thandatu	thandatu	thandatu	thandatu
Seven - monza	monza	mimonza	monza	imonza	mamonza	monza	tumonza	wamonza	kumonza
Eight - nyanya	nyanya	nyanya	nyanya	nyanya	nyanya	nyanya	nyanya	nyanya	nyanya
Nine - kenda	kenda	kenda	kenda	kenda	kenda	kenda	kenda	kenda	kenda
Ten - ikumi	kumi	kumi	kumi	kumi	kumi	kumi	kumi	kumi	kumi

Kapampangan

Alternative forms

• cana (Súlat Bacúlud, Ámung Sámson)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəˈna/ [kəˈna]
• IPA^(key): /kəˈnaʔ/ [kəˈnaʔ]
• Hyphenation: ka‧na

Determiner

kana or kanâ

1. put; to place

   Synonym: lage

2. to leave something somewhere

   Synonym: maglakuwan

Etymology 2

From ka + na.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəˈna/ [kəˈna]
• Hyphenation: ka‧na

Adverb

kana

1. expression to indicate an uncertainty or doubt; I wonder; maybe

   Makabalu kana?

   I wonder if you already know?

   Manisip kana?

   I wonder if you're thinking something?

See also

• kane
• kanu
• kaya
• kayi

Karelian

Regional variants of kana

North Karelian (Viena)	kana
South Karelian (Tver)	kana

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Estonian kana.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/
• Hyphenation: ka‧na

Noun

kana (genitive kanan, partitive kanua)

1. hen

Declension

Viena Karelian declension of kana (type 4/kala, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	kana	kanat
genitive	kanan	kanojen
partitive	kanua	kanoja
illative	kanah	kanoih
inessive	kanašša	kanoissa
elative	kanašta	kanoista
adessive	kanalla	kanoilla
ablative	kanalta	kanoilta
translative	kanakši	kanoiksi
essive	kanana	kanoina
comitative	—	kanoineh
abessive	kanatta	kanoitta
prolative	—	—
instructive	—	kanoin

Tver Karelian declension of kana (type 4/kala no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	kana	kanat
genitive	kanan	kanoin
partitive	kanua	kanoida
illative	kanah	kanoih
inessive	kanašša	kanoissa
elative	kanašta	kanoista
adessive	kanalla	kanoilla
ablative	kanalda	kanoilda
translative	kanakši	kanoiksi
essive	kanana	kanoina
comitative	kananke	kanoinke
abessive	kanatta	kanoitta
prolative	kanačči	kanoičči
instructive	—	kanoin

Possessive forms of kana
1st person	kanani
2nd person	kanaš
3rd person	kanah
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

Derived terms

• nokikana

References

• A. V. Punzhina (1994), “kana”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN
• P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015), “курица”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN

Kikuyu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kana/

Conjunction

kana

1. or, whether

References

• “kana” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 206. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Lingala

Etymology

Borrowed from Bangi kana.

Verb

-kana (infinitive kokana)

1. to decide

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Kanne, from Proto-Germanic *kannǭ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkana]

Noun

kana f (diminutive kanka)

1. jug, pot (e.g. for coffee or tea)

Declension

Declension of kana

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	kana	kanje	kany
genitive	kany	kanowu	kanow
dative	kanje	kanoma	kanam
accusative	kanu	kanje	kany
instrumental	kanu	kanoma	kanami
locative	kanje	kanoma	kanach

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “kana”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999), “kana”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Ludian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Veps kana.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/
• Rhymes: -ɑnɑ
• Hyphenation: ka‧na

Noun

kana

1. chicken

Declension

Declension of kana (type 1a/tila, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	kana	kanad
genitive	kanan	kanoiden
partitive	kanad	kanoid
essive	kanan	kanoin
instructive	—	kanoin
inessive	kanas	kanoiš
elative	kanaspiä	kanoišpiä
illative	kanah	kanoihe
adessive	kanal	kanoil
ablative	kanalpiä	kanoilpiä
allative	kanale	kanoile
abessive	kanata	kanoita
prolative	kanači	kanoiči
translative	kanaks	kanoikš
additive	kanahpiä	kanoihepiä
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)

References

• Juho Kujola (1944), Lyydiläismurteiden sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 105
• M. Pahomov (2022), “kana”, in Lüüdi-venän, venä-lüüdin sanakirdʹ‎^[9], Helsinki: Lüüdilaine Siebr, →ISBN, page 61

Makasar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkana/, [ˈkʰa.nã]
• Syllabification: ka‧na

Noun

kana (Lontara spelling ᨀᨊ or 𑻠𑻨, definite kanaya, 3rd person possessive kananna)

1. word, speech, saying, statement, remark

   Kana sibukang.

   One word.

   Taena kanangku.

   I have nothing to say; I submit to your will.

   "Suraʼ battu-kere-mae?" kananna manggena.

   "Where is that letter from?" asked his father.

   (literally, “Where is that letter from, [were] his father's words”)

   Teatongi ia nraʼba kananna.

   He stands by what he has said.

   (literally, “He also does not want his words to fall over”)

Verb

kana (Lontara spelling ᨀᨊ or 𑻠𑻨, semi-transitive angkana, passive nikana)

1. (transitive) to say, to speak, to utter, to state

   Nakana karaenta riParanggi: antu kana mabajika sikkoʼ bangkennai nassua.

   Karaeng ri Paranggi said: good words are a fetter for wrath.

   Nakana kalenna labattui.

   He said that he would come.

   Tau eroʼ nikana.

   Someone who likes to be spoken well of.

2. (transitive) to call, to name, to term

   Susana jagaianna nikanaya baine tau lolo.

   How difficult it is to watch over those called young girls.

3. (transitive) to think, to suppose, to opine, to imagine

   Nakana kalenna caraʼdeʼ.

   He imagines himself to be clever.

   Nakana kalenna kalumannyang.

   He considers himself rich.

   Kukana inakke ...

   For my part, I am of the opinion that ...

   Teako angkana lompoko kumallaʼ rikau.

   Do not think that just because you are big I am afraid of you.

   Teako angkana pulisiko nataniewàmako.

   Do not think that because you are a police officer no one will dare oppose you.

   Teako angkana.

   Do not think so (nothing will come of it).

Derived terms

affixations

• akkana
• angkana
• kana-kanàng
• kana-kanànngang
• kanaang
• kanài
• kanàng
• pakana
• pakana-kana
• pakkana-kanàng
• pakkanài
• pakkanàng
• patikana-kanài
• pitikana-kanài
• sangkanài
• singkanài
• sipakana
• sipakkana
• tanikana-kanà

compounds

• appalaʼ kana
• barang kana
• belo kana
• boko kana
• eroʼ nikana
• jai kana
• kana banjuʼ-banjulang
• kana nitunggeng
• kana pasaraʼ
• kana tojeng
• kana ʼboko
• palekko kana
• pareʼ kana
• paruntuʼ kana
• pilampài kana
• ulu kana

Further reading

• Cense, A. A. (1979), Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek [Makasar-Dutch dictionary], 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, pages 285-286

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

From Hindi खाना (khānā).

Noun

kana

1. food

Nheengatu

Etymology

Inherited from Língua Geral Amazônica kana, borrowed from Portuguese cana, from Old Galician-Portuguese cana, from Latin canna, borrowed from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾰ (kắnnă), borrowed from Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkana/, (Rio Negro) [ˈkã.nɐ]
• Rhymes: -ana

Noun

kana (plural kana-itá)

1. sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum)

   Synonyms: murí-seẽ, tabuka-seẽ

Related terms

• kana-mandurukú
• kana-pixuna
• kana-rana
• kana-reté-waá
• kana-suikiri
• kana-sumbika
• kanatiwa

References

• Avila, Marcel Twardowsky (2021), “kana”, in Proposta de dicionário nheengatu-português [Nheengatu–Portuguese dictionary proposal] (in Portuguese), São Paulo: USP, →DOI, page 367

Old Javanese

Etymology 1

Unknown

Adverb

kana

1. there
2. then

Etymology 2

Unknown, probably from Sanskrit कङ्कण (kaṅkaṇa, “bracelet”).

Noun

kana

1. bracelet

Descendants

• → Balinese: kana (“bracelet”)

Old Tupi

Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese cana, from Old Galician-Portuguese cana, from Latin canna, borrowed from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾰ (kắnnă), borrowed from Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm).

Noun

kana (?) (Língua Geral Amazônica)

1. sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum)

   Synonym: takûare'ẽ

Derived terms

• kãndyba

Descendants

• Nheengatu: kana

References

• Meisterburg, Anton [attributed] (a. 1756), “Cana de assucar”, in [Dicionário de Trier] [Dictionary from Trier] (overall work in Portuguese and Língua Geral Amazônica), Baixo Xingu; Pará, page 9r, column 1, line 94; republished as Jean-Claude Muller et al., editors, Dicionário de língua geral amazônica [Língua Geral Amazônica Dictionary], Potsdam: University of Potsdam, 2019, →DOI, page 127: “cana [kana]”

Osing

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɔ.nɔ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ka‧na
• Rhymes: -nɔ

Adverb

kana

1. there

Papiamentu

Etymology

Etymology tree

Vulgar Latin *cammīnāre

Portuguese caminharder.

▲

Latin cammīnus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -āre

Vulgar Latin *cammīnāre

Spanish caminarder.

▲

Portuguese caminharder.

Kabuverdianu kaminhader.

Papiamentu kana

Derived from Portuguese caminhar, Spanish caminar, and Kabuverdianu kaminha.

Verb

kana

1. to walk
2. to go

Portuguese

Noun

kana m (uncountable)

1. kana (Japanese syllabaries)

Rayón Zoque

Noun

kana

1. salt

Derived terms

• kanabaꞌakpʌ
• kanasis
• kanaꞌʌyubʌ

References

• Harrison, Roy; B. de Harrison, Margaret; López Juárez, Francisco; Ordoñes, Cosme (1984), Vocabulario zoque de Rayón (Serie de diccionarios y vocabularios indígenas Mariano Silva y Aceves; 28)‎^[10] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 12

Romani

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit कदा (kadā).

Adverb

kana

1. when

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Borrowing from Ottoman Turkish قنا (kına), from Arabic حِنَّاء (ḥinnāʔ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kâna/
• Hyphenation: ka‧na

Noun

kȁna f (Cyrillic spelling ка̏на)

1. henna (Lawsonia inermis) (shrub; dye)

Declension

Declension of kana

	singular	plural
nominative	kȁna	kane
genitive	kane	kȃnā
dative	kani	kanama
accusative	kanu	kane
vocative	kano	kane
locative	kani	kanama
instrumental	kanom	kanama

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 仮名 (kana).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kǎna/
• Hyphenation: ka‧na

Noun

kàna f (Cyrillic spelling ка̀на)

1. kana

Declension

Declension of kana

	singular	plural
nominative	kana	kane
genitive	kane	kana
dative	kani	kanama
accusative	kanu	kane
vocative	kano	kane
locative	kani	kanama
instrumental	kanom	kanama

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Common Bantu *-káana

Proto-Sabaki *-kaana

Swahili kana

Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *-kaana, from Common Bantu *-káana. Cognate with Ngazidja Comorian -hana and Giryama -kana.

Verb

-kana (infinitive kukana)

1. to deny, to reject, to denounce, to say no, to decline, to negate, to disown

Conjugation

Conjugation of -kana
Positive present -nakana Subjunctive -kane Negative -kani Imperative singular kana
Infinitives
Positive kukana Negative kutokana
Imperatives
Singular kana Plural kaneni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukana Positive past positive subject concord + -likana Negative past negative subject concord + -kukana
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakana) Singular Plural 1st person ninakana/nakana tunakana 2nd person unakana mnakana 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakana wanakana other classes positive subject concord + -nakana
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kani) Singular Plural 1st person sikani hatukani 2nd person hukani hamkani 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakani hawakani other classes negative subject concord + -kani
Positive future positive subject concord + -takana Negative future negative subject concord + -takana
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kane) Singular Plural 1st person nikane tukane 2nd person ukane mkane 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akane wakane other classes positive subject concord + -kane
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikane Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekana Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekana Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikana Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikana
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akana) Singular Plural 1st person nakana twakana 2nd person wakana mwakana 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akana wakana m-mi(III/IV) wakana yakana ji-ma(V/VI) lakana yakana ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakana vyakana n(IX/X) yakana zakana u(XI) wakana see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwakana pa(XVI) pakana mu(XVIII) mwakana
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekana "Already" positive subject concord + -meshakana "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakana "If/When" positive subject concord + -kikana "If not" positive subject concord + -sipokana Consecutive kakana / positive subject concord + -kakana Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakane
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nikana -tukana 2nd person -kukana -wakana/-kukaneni/-wakaneni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkana -wakana m-mi(III/IV) -ukana -ikana ji-ma(V/VI) -likana -yakana ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikana -vikana n(IX/X) -ikana -zikana u(XI) -ukana see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kukana pa(XVI) -pakana mu(XVIII) -mukana Reflexive -jikana
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kana- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -kanaye -kanao m-mi(III/IV) -kanao -kanayo ji-ma(V/VI) -kanalo -kanayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kanacho -kanavyo n(IX/X) -kanayo -kanazo u(XI) -kanao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kanako pa(XVI) -kanapo mu(XVIII) -kanamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kana) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yekana -okana m-mi(III/IV) -okana -yokana ji-ma(V/VI) -lokana -yokana ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokana -vyokana n(IX/X) -yokana -zokana u(XI) -okana see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kokana pa(XVI) -pokana mu(XVIII) -mokana
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Causative: -kanisha
  • Other formations: -kanusha

• Nominal derivations:
  • ukanaji

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm)bor.

Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾰ (kắnnă)bor.

Latin canna

Old Galician-Portuguese cana

Portuguese canabor.

Swahili kana

Borrowed from Portuguese cana.

Noun

kana class IX (plural kana class X)

1. (nautical) tiller (part of the rudder)

   Synonym: mkombo

Swedish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kana c

1. slide (mostly as a toy)

Declension

Declension of kana

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	kana	kanas
	definite	kanan	kanans
plural	indefinite	kanor	kanors
	definite	kanorna	kanornas

Related terms

• iskana
• rutschkana

Verb

kana (present kanar, preterite kanade, supine kanat, imperative kana)

1. to slide (mostly of people or vehicles, relating to icy ground)

Conjugation

Conjugation of kana (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	kana		—
supine	kanat		—
imperative	kana		—
imper. plural1	kanen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	kanar	kanade	—	—
ind. plural1	kana	kanade	—	—
subjunctive2	kane	kanade	—	—
present participle		kanande
past participle		—

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

See also

• glida

References

• “kana”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “kana”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “kana”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

Anagrams

• anka

Tagalog

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *kəNa

Old Malay knā

Malay kenabor.

Tagalog kana

Borrowed from Malay kena (“to contact; to have to do, to need to do; to be precise; deceived”), from Old Malay knā, from Proto-Austronesian *kəNa (“be ensnared, caught in a trap; suffer, undergo, be struck by something; be entrapped or deceived; hit the mark, be ‘on target’, correct, right, true”). Compare Ilocano kenna.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /kaˈnaʔ/ [k̠ɐˈn̪aʔ]
• Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: ka‧na

Noun

kanâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ)

1. deception; falsity
2. action or work

   Synonym: gawa

   Nakana na ang wika ko.

   My word has been done.

3. exertion; effort; deed; accomplishment

   Synonym: gawa

4. application; actualization; appropriation; usage for some purpose

   Synonyms: akma, lapat, kabit

   walang kapapakanan ― no purpose

5. fighting with the fists

   Synonyms: laban, away, babag, buntalan, suntukan

6. (obsolete) deception or falsification of the weight of scales

   May kana ang talaro mong iyan.

   That scale of yours has some falsification.

7. (obsolete) imposition of a penalty or payment

Derived terms

• ikana
• kakana
• kana-kana
• kanaan
• kanain
• kapakanan
• kumana
• magkana
• magpakana
• pagkanaan
• pakana

Adjective

kanâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ)

1. fixed; set in place
2. set as a trap; ready; readied (as of a gun)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /kaˈnaʔ/ [k̠ɐˈn̪aʔ]
• Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: ka‧na

Noun

kanâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ) (colloquial)

1. clipping of amerikana

Related terms

• Kano

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /kaˈna/ [k̠ɐˈn̪a]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ka‧na

Preposition

kaná (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ)

1. alternative form of kina

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈkanaʔ/ [ˈk̠aː.n̪ɐʔ]
• Rhymes: -anaʔ
• Syllabification: ka‧na

Noun

kanà (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ) (obsolete)

1. menarche; a woman's first menstruation

   Synonyms: abot-tubo, unang dating

   May kana na itong bata.

   The child already had her (first) menstruation.

Further reading

• “kana”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• English, Leo James (1987), Tagalog-English dictionary, Manila, Philippines: National Book Store, →ISBN, page 292
• San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613), Vocabulario de lengua tagala. El romance castellano puesto primero. Primera, y segunda parte.‎^[11] (overall work in Early Modern Spanish and Classical Tagalog), as directed by Gov. Gen. Juan de Silva, Pila, Laguna: La noble Villa de Pila, por Tomás Pinpin y Domingo Loag.
  • page 317: “Falſo) Cana (pp) como peſo o romana”
  • page 489: “Poner) Cana (pc) frontal doſeles o otra coſa, o poner recado para baptiçar olear comulgar, &c.”
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*keNa”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Anagrams

• ka- -an, naka-, anak

Tooro

Tooro numbers ^(edit)

[a], [b], [c] ←  3	4	5  → [a], [b], [c]
Cardinal: -na, (in abstract counting) ina     Ordinal: -a kana     Adverbial: kana, enyakana, emirundi ena     Fractional: ekicweka ekya kana

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kána/

Adverb

kana

1. four times

Synonyms

• enyakana
• emirundi ena

Turkish

Noun

kana

1. dative singular of kan

Venda

Conjunction

kana

1. or
2. nor

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kana, from Proto-Germanic *hanô.

Noun

kana

1. chicken

Inflection

Inflection of kana (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing.	kana
genitive sing.	kanan
partitive sing.	kanad
partitive plur.	kanoid
	singular	plural
nominative	kana	kanad
accusative	kanan	kanad
genitive	kanan	kanoiden
partitive	kanad	kanoid
essive-instructive	kanan	kanoin
translative	kanaks	kanoikš
inessive	kanas	kanoiš
elative	kanaspäi	kanoišpäi
illative	kanaha	kanoihe
adessive	kanal	kanoil
ablative	kanalpäi	kanoilpäi
allative	kanale	kanoile
abessive	kanata	kanoita
comitative	kananke	kanoidenke
prolative	kanadme	kanoidme
approximative I	kananno	kanoidenno
approximative II	kanannoks	kanoidennoks
egressive	kanannopäi	kanoidennopäi
terminative I	kanahasai	kanoihesai
terminative II	kanalesai	kanoilesai
terminative III	kanassai	—
additive I	kanahapäi	kanoihepäi
additive II	kanalepäi	kanoilepäi

Derived terms

• haudoikana
• kanankoda
• kananpoigaine
• kananpu
• meckana

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “курица”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[12], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Võro

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kana, from Proto-Germanic *hanô. Cognates include Estonian kana.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɑnɑ/

Noun

kana (genitive kana, partitive kanna)

1. chicken

Inflection

Inflection of kana

	singular	plural
nominative	kana	kanaq
accusative	kana	kanaq
genitive	kana	kanno
partitive	kanna	kanno
illative	kanna	kanno kannohe
inessive	kanan kanahn	kanon kannon kanohn kannohn
elative	kanast	kanost kannost
allative	kanalõ	kanolõ kannolõ
adessive	kanal	kanol kannol
ablative	kanalt	kanolt kannolt
translative	kanas	kanos kannos
terminative	kananiq	kanoniq kannoniq
abessive	kanaldaq	kanoldaq kannoldaq
comitative	kanagaq	kannogaq

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kana.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivčülä) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑ]
• (Jõgõperä) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑ]
• (Central Votic) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑ]
• (Eastern Votic) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑnɑ
• Hyphenation: ka‧na

Noun

kana

1. hen, chicken

Inflection

Declension of kana (type III/jalkõ, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	kana	kanad
genitive	kana	kanojõ
partitive	kanna	kanoit
illative	kanna, kanasõ	kanoisõ
inessive	kanaz	kanoiz
elative	kanass	kanoiss
allative	kanallõ	kanoillõ
adessive	kanall	kanoill
ablative	kanalt	kanoilt
translative	kanassi	kanoissi
'Standardized' inflection based on the Vaipooli dialects; see WT:AVOT. For dialectal differences between case endings, see Appendix:Votic dialects. *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “kana”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language]‎^[13], 2nd edition, Tallinn

Warlpiri

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkɐna]

Noun

kana

1. digging stick

Ye'kwana

Variant orthographies

ALIV	kana
Brazilian standard	kana
New Tribes	cana

Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *kana (“fish”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kana]

Noun

kana

1. Amazon brycon, a fish of species Brycon amazonicus

References

• Cáceres, Natalia (2011), “kana”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎^[14], Lyon
• Hall, Katherine Lee (1988), “kana:”, in The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University
• Monterrey, Nalúa Rosa Silva (2012), Hombres de curiara y mujeres de conuco. Etnografía de los indigenas Ye’kwana de Venezuela, Ciudad Bolívar: Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, page 36: “kana”