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dearg

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish derg, from Proto-Celtic *dergos (“red, crimson”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg- (“to dim, darken”); compare Old English deorc (“dark”) and Tocharian A tärkär/B tarkär (“cloud”).[1]

The verb is from Middle Irish dergaid, from the adjective.[2]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dearg (genitive singular masculine deirg, genitive singular feminine deirge, plural dearga, comparative deirge)

  1. red
  2. live (being in a state of ignition; burning)
  3. extreme, tremendous, utter
    dithneas dearg ― a tearing hurry

Declension

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Declension of dearg
Positive singular plural
masculine feminine strong noun weak noun
nominative dearg dhearg dearga;
dhearga2
vocative dheirg dearga
genitive deirge dearga dearg
dative dearg;
dhearg1 		dhearg;
dheirg (archaic) 		dearga;
dhearga2
Comparative níos deirge
Superlative is deirge

1 When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
2 When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Synonyms

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  • rua
  • (being in a state of ignition; burning): beo

Derived terms

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Verb

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dearg (present analytic deargann, future analytic deargfaidh, verbal noun deargadh, past participle deargtha)

  1. (transitive) to redden
  2. (transitive) to light (a cigarette, pipe etc.)

Conjugation

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Conjugation of dearg (first conjugation – A)
indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present deargaim deargann tú;
deargair† 		deargann sé, sí deargaimid; deargann muid deargann sibh deargann siad;
deargaid† 		a dheargann; a dheargas deargtar
past dhearg mé; dheargas dhearg tú; dheargais dhearg sé, sí dheargamar; dhearg muid dhearg sibh; dheargabhair dhearg siad; dheargadar a dhearg deargadh
past habitual dheargainn /
deargainn‡ 		dheargtá /
deargtᇠ		dheargadh sé, sí /
deargadh sé, sí‡ 		dheargaimis; dheargadh muid /
deargaimis‡; deargadh muid‡ 		dheargadh sibh /
deargadh sibh‡ 		dheargaidís; dheargadh siad /
deargaidís‡; deargadh siad‡ 		a dheargadh dheargtaí /
deargtaí‡
singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
future deargfaidh mé;
deargfad 		deargfaidh tú;
deargfair† 		deargfaidh sé, sí deargfaimid;
deargfaidh muid 		deargfaidh sibh deargfaidh siad;
deargfaid† 		a dheargfaidh; a dheargfas deargfar
conditional dheargfainn /
deargfainn‡ 		dheargfá /
deargfᇠ		dheargfadh sé, sí /
deargfadh sé, sí‡ 		dheargfaimis; dheargfadh muid /
deargfaimis‡; deargfadh muid‡ 		dheargfadh sibh /
deargfadh sibh‡ 		dheargfaidís; dheargfadh siad /
deargfaidís‡; deargfadh siad‡ 		a dheargfadh dheargfaí /
deargfaí‡
subjunctive singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present go ndearga mé;
go ndeargad† 		go ndearga tú;
go ndeargair† 		go ndearga sé, sí go ndeargaimid;
go ndearga muid 		go ndearga sibh go ndearga siad;
go ndeargaid† 		— go ndeargtar
past dá ndeargainn dá ndeargtá dá ndeargadh sé, sí dá ndeargaimis;
dá ndeargadh muid 		dá ndeargadh sibh dá ndeargaidís;
dá ndeargadh siad 		— dá ndeargtaí
imperative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
— deargaim dearg deargadh sé, sí deargaimis deargaigí;
deargaidh† 		deargaidís — deargtar
past participle deargtha
verbal noun deargadh

† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form

Alternative forms

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See also

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Colors in Irish · dathanna (layout · text)
     bán      liath      dubh
             dearg; corcairdhearg              oráiste, flannbhuí; donn              buí; bánbhuí
             líoma-ghlas, glas líoma              glas, uaine              dath an mhiontais
             cian              gormghlas, spéirghorm              gorm
             corcairghorm; indeagó              maigeanta; corcra              bándearg

Mutation

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Mutated forms of dearg
radical lenition eclipsis
dearg dhearg ndearg

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “derg”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dergaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931), Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 83, page 44
  4. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 138, page 54
  5. ^ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1975), The Irish of Cois Fhairrge, Co. Galway: A Phonetic Study, revised edition, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, § 224, page 42
  6. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 75

Further reading

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  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “dearg; deargaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla [Irish and English Dictionary], 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 231
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “dearg”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “dearg”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
  • “dearg”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026

Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Old Irish derg,[1] from Proto-Celtic *dergos (“red, crimson”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg- (“to dim, darken”); compare Old English deorc (“dark”) and Tocharian A tärkär/B tarkär (“cloud”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dearg m (genitive singular deirg)

  1. red

Adjective

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dearg (genitive singular masculine deirg, genitive singular feminine deirge, plural dearga, comparative deirge)

  1. red
  2. reddish (forming compounds with other colours)
  3. complete, utter (as intensifier)

Declension

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Declension of dearg (type I adjective)
masculine feminine plural
nominative dearg dhearg dearga
genitive dheirg deirge dearga
dative dearg dheirg dearga
vocative dheirg dhearg dearga

Derived terms

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See also

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Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text)
     bàn, geal      glas      dubh
             dearg; ruadh              orains; donn              buidhe; donn
             uaine              uaine              gorm
             liath; glas              liath              gorm
             purpaidh; guirmean              pinc; purpaidh              pinc

Adverb

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dearg

  1. completely, utterly

Verb

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dearg (past dhearg, future deargaidh, verbal noun deargadh, past participle deargte)

  1. redden
  2. blush
  3. make an impression
  4. (Benbecula, South Uist) be able to

Conjugation

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Conjugation of dearg (regular)
indicative independent dependent
personal impersonal personal impersonal
past dhearg dheargadh dhearg dheargadh
future deargaidh deargar
deargtar 		dearg deargar
deargtar
relative future dheargas dheargar — —
conditional independent dependent
personal impersonal personal impersonal
first person singular dheargainn dheargtadh
dheargaist1
dheargaiste1 		deargainn deargtadh
deargaist1
deargaiste1
first person plural dheargamaid
dheargadh sinn 		deargamaid
deargadh sinn
second/third person dheargadh deargadh
imperative independent
singular plural impersonal
first person deargam deargamaid deargar
deargtar
second person dearg deargaibh
third person deargadh
past participle deargta
verbal noun deargadh

1. Lewis dialect form

Mutation

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Mutation of dearg
radical lenition
dearg dhearg

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “derg”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956), A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  3. ^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
  4. ^ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966), Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
  5. ^ Wentworth, Roy (2003), Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
  6. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941), A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. II: The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  7. ^ Holmer, Nils M. (1938), Studies on Argyllshire Gaelic, Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksells boktryckeri-A.-B., page 152

Further reading

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  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “dearg”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
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