auttaa
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *abuttadak, derived from *apu (“help”) (whence Finnish apu); equivalent to a(v)u- + -ttaa. Compare Estonian aitama.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈɑu̯tːɑːˣ/, [ˈɑ̝u̯t̪ːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑutːɑː
- Syllabification(key): aut‧taa
- Hyphenation(key): aut‧taa
Verb
[edit]auttaa
- (transitive, usually atelic) to help, assist, give assistance, lend a hand, aid [with illative of third infinitive ‘to do’; or with inessive ‘with (work, project, etc.)’; or with illative ‘with (to provide relief for, e.g. illness)’]
- Synonym: antaa apua
- Voin auttaa sinua tekemään sen.
- I can help you do it. / I can help you to do it. / I can help you in doing it.
- Hän auttaa naapuria remontissa. ― He helps his neighbor with his renovation.
- Hän auttaa naapuria tekemään remontin. ― He helps his neighbor to carry out the renovation.
- Tämä lääke auttaa flunssaan. ― This drug helps with the common cold.
- varoitukset eivät auttaneet ― warnings did not work
- (transitive) to help (someone get somewhere)
- Voitko auttaa hänet kadun yli?
- Could you help him/her cross the street?
- (impersonal, chiefly in the negative) one better (not) do (often with muuta kuin to express that there is no other choice than to do something)
- Ei auta (muuta) kuin totella.
- There is no other option but to comply/obey.
- Sen kanssa ei auta ummistaa silmiä.
- One better not close one's eyes to it.
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of auttaa (Kotus type 56*C/kaivaa, tt–t gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | autan | en auta | 1st sing. | olen auttanut | en ole auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | autat | et auta | 2nd sing. | olet auttanut | et ole auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | auttaa | ei auta | 3rd sing. | on auttanut | ei ole auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | autamme | emme auta | 1st plur. | olemme auttaneet | emme ole auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | autatte | ette auta | 2nd plur. | olette auttaneet | ette ole auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | auttavat | eivät auta | 3rd plur. | ovat auttaneet | eivät ole auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | autetaan | ei auteta | passive | on autettu | ei ole autettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | autoin | en auttanut | 1st sing. | olin auttanut | en ollut auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | autoit | et auttanut | 2nd sing. | olit auttanut | et ollut auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | auttoi | ei auttanut | 3rd sing. | oli auttanut | ei ollut auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | autoimme | emme auttaneet | 1st plur. | olimme auttaneet | emme olleet auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | autoitte | ette auttaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte auttaneet | ette olleet auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | auttoivat | eivät auttaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat auttaneet | eivät olleet auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | autettiin | ei autettu | passive | oli autettu | ei ollut autettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | auttaisin | en auttaisi | 1st sing. | olisin auttanut | en olisi auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | auttaisit | et auttaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit auttanut | et olisi auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | auttaisi | ei auttaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi auttanut | ei olisi auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | auttaisimme | emme auttaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme auttaneet | emme olisi auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | auttaisitte | ette auttaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte auttaneet | ette olisi auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | auttaisivat | eivät auttaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat auttaneet | eivät olisi auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | autettaisiin | ei autettaisi | passive | olisi autettu | ei olisi autettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | auta | älä auta | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | auttakoon | älköön auttako | 3rd sing. | olkoon auttanut | älköön olko auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | auttakaamme | älkäämme auttako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | auttakaa | älkää auttako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | auttakoot | älkööt auttako | 3rd plur. | olkoot auttaneet | älkööt olko auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | autettakoon | älköön autettako | passive | olkoon autettu | älköön olko autettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | auttanen | en auttane | 1st sing. | lienen auttanut | en liene auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | auttanet | et auttane | 2nd sing. | lienet auttanut | et liene auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | auttanee | ei auttane | 3rd sing. | lienee auttanut | ei liene auttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | auttanemme | emme auttane | 1st plur. | lienemme auttaneet | emme liene auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | auttanette | ette auttane | 2nd plur. | lienette auttaneet | ette liene auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | auttanevat | eivät auttane | 3rd plur. | lienevät auttaneet | eivät liene auttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | autettaneen | ei autettane | passive | lienee autettu | ei liene autettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | auttaa | present | auttava | autettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | auttanut | autettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | auttaessa | autettaessa | agent4 | auttama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | auttamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | auttaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | auttamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | auttamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | auttamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | auttamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | auttamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | auttaman | autettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | auttaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]adjectives
nouns
verbs
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- “auttaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023
Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms suffixed with -ttaa
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑutːɑː
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑutːɑː/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish transitive verbs
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish impersonal verbs
- Finnish negative polarity items
- Finnish kaivaa-type verbs