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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habjaną

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    From an innovated post-Indo-European stative present (see Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti, Proto-Germanic *-janą), built on Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to seize”).[1]

    Verb

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    *habjaną

    2. to have, to hold
    Inflection
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    Conjugation of *habjaną (weak class 3 j-present)
    active voice passive voice
    present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
    1st singular *habjō *habjaų — — —
    2nd singular *habaisi *habjais *habai — —
    3rd singular *habaiþi *habjai *habjaþau — —
    1st dual *habjōs *habjaiw — — —
    2nd dual *habjaþiz *habjaiþiz *habjaþiz — —
    1st plural *habjamaz *habjaim — — —
    2nd plural *habaiþ *habjaiþ *habaiþ — —
    3rd plural *habjanþi *habjain *habjanþau — —
    past tense indicative subjunctive
    1st singular *habdǭ *habdēdį̄
    2nd singular *habdēz *habdēdīz
    3rd singular *habdē *habdēdī
    1st dual *habdēdū *habdēdīw
    2nd dual *habdēdudiz *habdēdīdiz
    1st plural *habdēdum *habdēdīm
    2nd plural *habdēdud *habdēdīd
    3rd plural *habdēdun *habdēdīn
    present past
    participles *habjandz *habdaz
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    Etymology 2

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      From Proto-Indo-European *kapyéti, from the root *kap- (“to seize”), and thus related to the "have" sense of Etymology 1.[2]

      Verb

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      *habjaną

      2. to lift, heave
      Inflection
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      Conjugation of *habjaną (strong class 6 j-present)
      active voice passive voice
      present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
      1st singular *habjō *habjaų — *habjai ?
      2nd singular *habisi *habjais *habi *habjasai *habjaisau
      3rd singular *habiþi *habjai *habjaþau *habjaþai *habjaiþau
      1st dual *habjōs *habjaiw — — —
      2nd dual *habjaþiz *habjaiþiz *habjaþiz — —
      1st plural *habjamaz *habjaim — *habjanþai *habjainþau
      2nd plural *habiþ *habjaiþ *habiþ *habjanþai *habjainþau
      3rd plural *habjanþi *habjain *habjanþau *habjanþai *habjainþau
      past tense indicative subjunctive
      1st singular *hōf *hōbį̄
      2nd singular *hōft *hōbīz
      3rd singular *hōf *hōbī
      1st dual *hōbū *hōbīw
      2nd dual *hōbudiz *hōbīdiz
      1st plural *hōbum *hōbīm
      2nd plural *hōbud *hōbīd
      3rd plural *hōbun *hōbīn
      present past
      participles *habjandz *habanaz
      Derived terms
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      Descendants
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      References

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      1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*habēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 197
      2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*hafjan- ~ *habjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 198
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