-eren

See also: Appendix:Variations of "eren"

Dutch

Etymology 1

From earlier -er, from Middle Dutch -er, the dative plural plural of which was -eren (compare German -ern). The use for all cases in Modern Dutch is probably due to a desire to over-illustrate the plural (that is -er + -en, comparing the dialectal byform -ers). The simple form of the suffix can still be seen in many compounds such as kindertijd, and in the formation of plural diminutives (kindertjes, radertjes). Compare English -ren.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ərə(n)/

Suffix

-eren

1. forms the plural of a limited group of nouns: blad, been, ei, gelid, gemoed, goed, hoen, kalf, kind, kleed, lam, lied, rad, rund, volk

   ‎kind (“child”) + ‎-eren → ‎kinderen (“children”)

Usage notes

• The two nouns ending in -n interfix an additional -d- before the ending: beenderen, hoenderen.
• The three nouns ending in a single vowel + -d- lengthen the vowel: bladeren, gelederen, raderen.

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch -eren, from Middle French -er or Old French -er, from Latin -āre.

Alternative forms

• -eeren (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eːrə(n)/

• Audio:

  (file)

Suffix

-eren

1. part of the infinitive of verbs borrowed mainly from French and Latin, e.g. informeren from French informer (“to inform”).

Conjugation

Conjugation of -eren (weak)
infinitive	-eren
past singular	-eerde
past participle	ge- -eerd
infinitive	-eren
gerund	-eren n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	-eer	-eerde
2nd person sing. (jij)	-eert, -eer2	-eerde
2nd person sing. (u)	-eert	-eerde
2nd person sing. (gij)	-eert	-eerde
3rd person singular	-eert	-eerde
plural	-eren	-eerden
subjunctive sing.1	-ere	-eerde
subjunctive plur.1	-eren	-eerden
imperative sing.	-eer
imperative plur.1	-eert
participles	-erend	ge- -eerd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ərə(n)/

Suffix

-eren

2. frequentative verbal suffix; indicating repetition

   Synonym: -elen

Conjugation

Conjugation of -eren (weak)
infinitive	-eren
past singular	-erde
past participle	ge- -erd
infinitive	-eren
gerund	-eren n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	-er	-erde
2nd person sing. (jij)	-ert, -er2	-erde
2nd person sing. (u)	-ert	-erde
2nd person sing. (gij)	-ert	-erde
3rd person singular	-ert	-erde
plural	-eren	-erden
subjunctive sing.1	-ere	-erde
subjunctive plur.1	-eren	-erden
imperative sing.	-er
imperative plur.1	-ert
participles	-erend	ge- -erd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

Dutch terms suffixed with -eren (frequentative)

badderen

batteren

begeesteren

belemmeren

bibberen

daveren

flikkeren

klonteren

snipperen

snotteren

spetteren

stuiteren

zabberen

Middle English

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English -erian, -orian, -rian, from Proto-West Germanic *-rōn, *-iʀōn, from Proto-Germanic *-rōną or *-izōną.

Alternative forms

• -er, -ere, -eryn, -re, -ryn
• -rien, -ri, -ry (West Midland)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-(ə)rən/, /-ərn/

Suffix

-eren

1. A frequentative suffix forming verbs from other verbs or onomatopoeia, indicating repetition or continuity.

   Synonym: -elen

Derived terms

Middle English terms suffixed with -eren

bateren

quaveren

snaperen

swelteren

wandren

Descendants

• English: -er
• Middle Scots: -ir
  • Scots: -er

References

• “-er-, suf.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix

-eren

1. alternative form of -ren